scholarly journals A Conceptual Content Analysis of 75 Years of Diversity Research in Public Administration

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghna Sabharwal ◽  
Helisse Levine ◽  
Maria D’Agostino

Diversity is an important facet of public administration, thus it is important to take stock and examine how the discipline has evolved in response to questions of representative democracy, social equity, and diversity. This article assesses the state-of-the-field by addressing the following question: How has research on diversity in the field of public administration progressed over time? Specifically, we seek to examine how the focus of diversity has transformed over time and the way the field has responded to half a century of legislation and policies aimed at both promoting equality and embracing difference. We utilize a conceptual content analysis approach to examine articles published on diversity in seven key public administration journals since 1940. The implications of this study are of great importance given that diversity in the workplace is a central issue for modern public management.

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-68
Author(s):  
Meirison Alizar ◽  
Qasim Muhammadi

The tolerant spirit of Islam has inspired Ottoman rulers to adopt policies relating to non-Muslim citizens. The leadership crisis in the Ottoman Empire and the Western interests through capitulation have changed judicial system in the empire, including the system for non-Muslims that allows them to conduct their own judiciary and provide absolute freedom of religious matters. Tanzimāt, which is expected to bring improvements to the legislation system in Ottoman Empire, has marginalized Islamic law which is only enforced in aḥwāl al-shakhṣiyyah. Sultan Abdul Hamid II tried to maintain Islamic law by codifying Western European style. Some legal codifications contain qawāid fiqhiyyah (principles of Islamic law) which are sourced from the books of the Hanafi School of jurisprudence, and some others adopt Western laws by taking a few opinions of Islamic jurisprudence. This study analyzed various literatures related to policies towards non-Muslim citizens in the Ottoman era. The study uses descriptive and qualitative methods with a content analysis approach. Broadly speaking, this study found that the Ottoman Empire had given good treatment to non-Muslim citizens. The non-Muslim citizens get various facilities from the State, including the establishment of special institutions that handle their own affairs, although at the same time they have been used by Western countries to support their interests in Ottoman Empire.


Author(s):  
Nasrul Hisyam Nor Muhamad ◽  
Abdul Hafiz Abdullah ◽  
Sulaiman Shakib Mohd Noor ◽  
Mohd Rilizam Rosli

Waqf is a practice that is encouraged in Islam. In Malaysia, wakaf is under the jurisdiction of the state. This makes the wakaf management and administrative background of each state quite unique. Johor is one of the states that achieved the best achievement in waqf. This article discusses the background of wakaf practices implemented in the state of Johor, including the historical, legal, and management perspectives. Also discussed about the achievement of wakaf in the state of Johor and the forms of potential wakaf to be developed in the future. This study is qualitative. Data collection using library methods and data was analyzed based on 'content analysis' approach. It is found that the achievement of wakaf in Johor is very good especially in terms of the increase in value of waqf assets. Similarly, the Wakaf Shares and Waqf Shares that’s have currently implemented are very potential to be developed and ensure the sustainability of wakaf institutions.


2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzane Raquel Guerra Santos ◽  
Antonio Gonçalves de Oliveira

Societal management, although important for the development and democratization of the State, is not yet recognized as a theoretical model of public administration, and academic studies on this subject remain few in number. The principal aim of this study, bearing in mind its exploratory perspective, is to study societal apathy and its externalities in local development. To this end, it seeks to answer the following question: how is it possible to understand whether there is a symbiotic overlap between societal apathy and its externalities in local development? In methodological terms, this aspect is based on the purposes of exploratory and explanatory research and the means of bibliographic research. The results show that societal apathy has a direct impact on local/regional development due to the lack of inspection by society with regard to public management, generating negative externalities. Consequently, patrimonialist political interests prevail over collective interests.


2019 ◽  
pp. 181-193
Author(s):  
Ivan Malyi ◽  
Tetiana Koroliuk

Purpose. The aim of the article is description of the interdependencies of the development of informatization of society and the improvement of public administration in overcoming the economic threats to the existence of the state of Ukraine. Methodology of research. Achieving this goal is based on the use of the research methodology of the innovative and informational type of economic development and public (state) management. The following specific methods are used: systematic – to disclose the directions of the influence of information transformation on all spheres of the functioning of society; ecumenical (interdisciplinary) – to disclose institutional changes in public administration due to new threats to territorial integrity and economic security; analysis – to characterize the trends in the application of information technology in economics and management; statistical methods – to assess the magnitude of economic threats to the functioning of society and the substantiation of anti-crisis measures by the state. Findings. It is established that the study of the interaction between informatization of society and new public administration for the purpose of localization of economic threats to statehood necessarily implies the use of systematic analysis, ecumenical (interdisciplinary) approach, theories of institutional changes and systemic crisis of civilization. The principles of the mechanism of interaction “informatization of society – new public administration – guarantees of national economic security” are substantiated, based on the following logic: the fundamental instinct of self-preservation of the person leads them to unification in the state as the highest and long-lasting social, legal, political and economic forms of joint activity of people; and the state, first and foremost protecting the interests of the people who shape the public interest as a whole, is obliged to protect them as national in the international arena, including national economic security. It is proved that the rapid development of information transformation and new innovative products in the economy undermines the hierarchy of relationships, contributes to the active expansion of network structures that radically change human values, the format of interaction of citizens (consumers) with business and the state, puts new requirements for the game from the state. It is revealed that the new public administration is characterized by productivity, marketing approach to studying the needs of citizens and threats to their lives; decentralization; reporting on the results that is possible under the conditions of introduction of electronic governance and changes in the legislative field. It is substantiated that strategic goals of implementation of electronic government are overcoming information inequality, restructuring of relations with citizens, improvement of technology of public management and administration in order to ensure transparency, accessibility and convenience of receiving public services by citizens, which opens the possibility of their real participation in making public management decisions in order to localize corruption, shadowing, raiding as factors of economic threats to statehood. Originality. The scientific novelty of the study is to substantiate the author’s approach to the dialectics of the interaction of “informatization of society – the new public administration – national economic security” in the context of continuous information transformation, institutional changes and global challenges. Practical value. The theoretical approaches developed by the authors to the analysis of the influence of informatization of society, new public administration and national economic security can become the fundamental basis for the development of anti-crisis policies in Ukraine with the aim of ensuring territorial integrity, the safety of citizens and their well-being. Key words: informatization of society; new public administration; economic security; state sovereignty; openness; transparency; electronic governance.


2019 ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
N. R. Asadullina

In the article there considered the issues of theoretical underlying reasons of public administration as an element of management system of society, the issues of combination of self-management and public management, in dependence of forms of participation of the state in economy from head institutions. The purpose of the research is the mapping of the main directions of public management and administration, in order to find ways to improve its efficiency and effec-tiveness. The object of research – the process of public administration in the country of state-owned objects, as well as ways to improve its efficiency. The methods used in the research – logical, comparative, analytical, scientific and methodological. The hypothesis of the research is the ways to improve the efficiency of public administration depend on the qualifications of management personnel and feedback from the local population. The statement of basic materials. The economic conversions which carried out in Uzbekistan have beck directed to dismantling of the institutes resisting to the market, and active formation of the new institutional struc-tures inherent in preferentially market public systems. Gradualness and sequence of the re-formatory steps excluding shock components for economy and population and providing a necessary social insurance of transformational risks are the feature of transformational model of Uzbekistan. The originality and practical significance of the research. The choice of model of public admin-istration in economy is inevitably connected by geopolitical priorities and ideas of the place of the country in the modern world. It means that exert impact on institutes of management and an assessment of management efficiency and political factors which are in turn subdivided on internal political are, first of all, support by the population of the idea of the state independence. Conclusions of the research. Further improvement of public admin-istration assumes improvement of legal base of administrative activity (from a position of in-terests of public servants), necessary guaran-tees and incentives, standardization of their activity as most complex, responsible and skilled work, and maximum informatization of administrative decisions. Such approach as-sumes formation of special legislation on pub-lic service, development of the quality stand-ards of state services, electronic forms of low-cost and transparent forms of interaction with economic entities and citizens.


2020 ◽  
pp. 56-111
Author(s):  
Wilson McLeod

This chapter discusses the first wave of Gaelic revival activity in Scotland from the late 18th century onwards, with a focus on the period from 1872 to 1918. It considers the development of different Gaelic organisations and their varying perspectives on the role of Gaelic and the appropriate strategies for development. Most important of these was An Comunn Gaidhealach, which became the main Gaelic organisation until the 1980s. The most important field of controversy concerned the role of Gaelic in the state education system, which was established in 1872. Over time, the education authorities made limited concessions that gave Gaelic a greater role, most notably the clause in the Education (Scotland) Act 1918 requiring education authorities in Gaelic-speaking areas to make provision for the language in the curriculum. The chapter also considers the role of Gaelic in public administration and the churches, and issues concerning the development of linguistic resources for the language.


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 863
Author(s):  
Flávia de Paula Duque Brasil ◽  
Ricardo Carneiro ◽  
Fernando Resende Anelli ◽  
Luísa de Paulo Longuinho

Os Fóruns Regionais de Governo de Minas Gerais foram criados em 2015 com a intenção de viabilizar um canal para as demandas provenientes da população das diferentes regiões do estado. A nova instância participativa se desenvolveu nos últimos quatro anos, sob o slogan do governo de Minas Gerais (2015-2018) de “ouvir para governar”. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar características centrais do desenho institucional e do processo participativo, a partir das reflexões teóricas de Fung e Wright (2003) sobre a Empowered Participatory Governance e de Tarragó, Brugué e Cardoso Jr. (2015), a respeito da construção de uma Administração Pública Deliberativa. Na análise, foram identificados potencialidades e desafios na implementação dos Fóruns Regionais de Governo (2015-2018) e levantadas reflexões sobre sua consolidação como inovação democrática no modelo mineiro de gestão.  Palavras-chave: Participação social. Administração pública deliberativa. Desenho institucional participativo. Inovação democrática. Fóruns Regionais.PARTICIPATION AND DELIBERATION IN PUBLIC MANAGEMENT: challenges and potentialities of the Regional Government ForumsAbstractThe Minas Gerais Regional Government Forums were created to provide a channel for the demands of the population of the different regions of the state. The new participatory instance has developed, over the past four years, under the slogan of the Minas Gerais government (2015-2018) of "listening to govern". The objective of this study was to analyze the central characteristics of the institutional design and the participatory process, based on the theoretical reflections of Fung and Wright (2003) on Empowered Participatory Governance and Tarragó, Brugué and Cardoso Jr. (2015) on the construction ofa Deliberative Public Administration. In the analysis, were identified potentialities and challenges in the implementation of the Regional Government Forums and raise reflections on its consolidation as a democratic innovation in the Minas Gerais management model.Keywords: Social participation. Deliberative public administration. Participatory institutional design. Democratic innovation. Regional Forums.


2019 ◽  
pp. 6-17
Author(s):  
Svitlana Haiduchenko

The article examines the development of public management in the process of establishing e-democracy and e-governance in Ukraine, which will contribute to the achievement of key goals of sustainable development of the region in the 21st century, with a revolutionary breakthrough in human resources development. The main purpose of the study is to influence the formation of leadership qualities in the subjects and objects of innovative management in the context of public administration and e-democracy as a key communicative problem of e-government. The systematization of literary sources and approaches to solving this problem shows that the scientific discourse has not yet touched upon the sphere of e-government. The urgency of developing the human resources leadership potential is driven by the rapid progress of universal globalization, which is based primarily on marketing and innovation management in public administration. The logical sequence of the research involves the analysis of the practical achievements of the progressive countries of the world in the field of e-governance and the study of the innovative role of managers in public administration; identifying the benefits of e-democracy; generalization of the sociology of leadership in the context of information society formation and competence of public administration managers; research of elite component of public management and definition of strategic guidelines of the state policy on formation of the information society in Ukraine. The methodological basis of this research is the concepts of marketing and innovation management in public administration, e-democracy, the information society; known theories of sociology of leadership. The subject of the study is Ukrainian public management in the conditions of formation of e-government in accordance with the standards of the European Union, the course for membership in which is enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine. Accordingly, the author's vision of strategic approaches to managing organizational changes in management structures related to the implementation of modern information and communication technologies of e-governance, strategic directions of the state personnel policy for the development of leadership potential as a key factor in the success of not only managers of all management is presented. of spheres and levels, but also of civil society as a whole, as well as exploration of the further development of the theory of sociology of leadership in the context of the transformation of industrial society into information (post-industrial). The research confirms and theoretically proves that human resource development is key in innovation processes. The pragmatic results of this study should contribute to the intensification of the introduction of e-democracy and e-governance in the field of public administration, thanks to the development of leadership potential of all participants in this process, even in the architectural conditions of modern Ukraine.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Elkhairati Elkhairati

This paper aims to look at the existence of the Medina Charter in terms of history, content and authenticity and how it is spiritual in the 1945 Constitution. This study takes the form of literature with a content analysis approach. Data collection techniques in this study are carried out by collecting magazines, journals and books and utilizing internet to collect data related to research. This study concludes that the Charter of Medina contains the Islamic Shari'a as a law, is democratic in nature. If observed carefully, it will be seen the spirit of the Medina Constitution in the 1945 Constitution as the basis of the State of Indonesia. The concrete form is reflected in the points of the articles of the 1945 Constitution. This proves that even though the Republic of Indonesia is not an Islamic state, it does not mean that this country ignores Islamic shari'a.


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