scholarly journals The presence of serum anti-Ascaris lumbricoides IgE antibodies and of Trichuris trichiura infection are risk factors for wheezing and/or atopy in preschool-aged Brazilian children

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neuza M Alcântara-Neves ◽  
Samuel J Badaró ◽  
Mariese CA dos Santos ◽  
Lain Pontes-de-Carvalho ◽  
Maurício L Barreto
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
I Gede Gita Sastrawan ◽  
Jordaniel Setiabudi ◽  
Ni Putu Sanjiwani ◽  
Ni Komang Indriyani ◽  
Dewa Ayu Laksemi

Latar belakang: Infeksi kronis dari soil transmitted helminth (STH) dapat menyebabkan gangguan gizi, pertumbuhan dan kognitif pada anak. Untuk mengurangi dampak infeksi STH, diperlukan identifikasi faktor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH pada siswa sekolah dasar di Desa Seraya Timur, Karangasem, Bali. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan mengambil total sampel. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2020. Data primer mengenai faktor-faktor risiko infeksi STH dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Diagnosis infeksi STH dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan tinja dengan metode Kato-Katz. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Hasil: Sebanyak 83 siswa yang berusia 6-12 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat 9 siswa (10.84%) yang terinfeksi STH dengan intensitas infeksi ringan. Sebanyak 55.56% terinfeksi Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dan 11.11% terinfeksi cacing tambang. Terdapat beberapa faktor risiko yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan infeksi STH diantaranya adalah sering bermain tanah (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), bermain tanpa alas kaki (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278) tidak mencuci tangan setelah bermain tanah (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) dan tidak memotong kuku secara rutin (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388).  Pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan mampu memberikan efek proteksi terhadap infeksi STH (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Kesimpulan: Kebersihan diri menjadi faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan infeksi STH. Direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan promosi kesehatan terkait kebersihan diri disamping pemberian obat cacing setiap enam bulan. Kata kunci: Faktor risiko, infeksi STH, anak sekolah dasar   Abstract   Background: Chronic soil transmitted helminth (STH) infection might cause nutritional, growth and cognitive impairment in children. Identifying the risk factors of STH infection is crucially needed to minimize the infection effects. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with STH infections among primary school students in Seraya Timur Village, Karangasem, Bali. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with a total sampling method. The study was conducted in January 2020. Risk factors data were collected using a questionnaire. The diagnosis of STH infection was done by stool examination with the Kato-Katz method. The chi-square test was used to determine the risk factors associated with STH infection. Results: 83 students with ages ranging from 6-12 years participated in this study. There were 9 students (10.84%) whose infected with mild infection of STH. 55.56% of students were infected by Trichuris trichiura, 33.33% were Ascaris lumbricoides infections and 11.11% were hookworm infections. There were several risk factors that significantly associated with STH infection including ground’s playing (OR=6.86; 95%CI 1.326-35.494), barefoot (OR=10.5; 95%CI 1.249-88.278), did not wash hands after playing soil (OR=9.450; 95%CI 1.809-49.358) and did not routinely cut their nails (OR=6.462; 95%CI 1.250-33.388). Deworming every six months could provide a protective effect against STH infection (OR=0.085; 95%CI 0.016-0.449). Conclusion: Personal hygiene is a risk factor associated with STH infection. It is recommended to increase personal hygiene promotion besides dewormed every six months. Keywords: Risk factors, STH infection, primary school students


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Sandra Noemí Escobar Arrieta ◽  
Verónica Mercedes Cando Brito ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Espinoza Chavez ◽  
Luis Elias Guevara Iñiguez

The purpose of the current research was to determine the prevalence and risk factors linked to intestinal parasites in a population aged from 5 to 14 years who attend to public schools and high schools from Riobamba city, Riobamba-Chambo district. The prospection was carried out between October and November 2015. The population studied was identified and classified according to their age, gender, and educational institution they belong to. In addition, the relation of risk factors linked to the identified parasites was estimated. For this, it was necessary to apply a coprology examination to 2020 boys, girls and teenagers. The fecal samples collected were analyzed using the fresco technique with lugol and saline solution at 0.85%. The total intestine parasite prevalence found was 35.1%. The highest parasite prevalence was detected in groups aged 5 (12.84%), in groups aged 8 (11.71%) and in groups aged 11 (11.56%), while Combatientes de Tapi Educational Unit registered a 34% in both genders. Any significant parasite difference was found among p<0.05 ages. Nine parasite types were identified with Entamoeba coli prevalence (26%) Entamoeba histolytic (9.3%), Iodamoeba bütschlii (0.8%), Giardia lambia (4.3%), Chilomastix mesnilii (0.9%), Hymenolepis nana (1.4%), Ascaris lumbricoides (0.3%) Trichuris trichiura (0.5%), Endolimax nana (1.6%), from which protozoan were the predominant, some poly parasite samples were also found, it was determined that the sample studied reflects a high prevalence of intestinal parasites.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2280-2286
Author(s):  
Naim Khir ◽  
Mehru Nisha ◽  
Tong Woei Yenn ◽  
Fabian Davamani

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections occurs via fecal-oral route. WHO has reported there are up to 90% of children from poor communities with inadequate hygiene and sanitation prone to at least one STH infection. In Malaysia, the indigenous community (Orang Asli) is the predominant communities prone to STH infections. Hence, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of STHs infections among Orang Asli in Kampong Donglai Baru, Semenyih, Selangor. Questionnaires surveys were conducted to gather information on the risk factor associated with the Orang Asli community following with stool samples were collected from the villagers. Basic parasitology method, floatation technique was carried out to determine the type and burden of STHs. Total sample obtained from salt-sugar floatation method were sixty seven (n=67), with 64 (95.5%) were positive for STH infection. The prevalence of Trichuris trichiura was 85.9% (n=55) while Ascaris lumbricoides was 93.8% (n=60). Results shown majority of the villagers have double infection (79.7%, n=51). Several risk factors were found significantly associated (p<0.05) with T. trichiura infection such as age factors, education level and frequency of hand washing. However, those risk factors were no significant associated with A. lumbricoides  infection. The study showed a higher prevalence rate of STH infection predominantly by Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides within a small group of the Orang Asli community, hence further prevention method like administration of anthihelminthic drug is recommended.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Risda Hartati ◽  
Novianti Yoyo Simega ◽  
Meidy J. Imbi ◽  
Indra Taufik Sahli ◽  
Asrianto Asrianto

Problem: Helminthiasis is generally caused by the group of Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) worms, namely Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworm. Worms have an impact on health problems such as diarrhea, malnutrition and anemia. Risk factors for helminthic infection including poor personal hygiene care, nail biting habits, the habit of not wearing footwear, contact with soil media, will increase the transmission of eggs that inhabit the intestines. The Aim Of The Research: To determine the prevalence of helminthiasis and risk factors for STH intestinal worms in children living in an orphanage in Jayapura. Research Method: Fecal samples were collected from orphanage children (n= 63) using saturated salt solution to detect the presence of STH worm eggs between months August-October 2020. The Results: The prevalence of STH worm infection in orphanages in Jayapura was 12.69% in the highest age group, 6-11 years old with Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworm infections. The dominant risk factors represented among the most infected children include sharing of towels, the habit of biting fingernails and the habit of not wearing footwear while playing were very significant factors for the incidence of STH worm infection (p<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of STH worm infection in orphanage children in Jayapura was 12.69% in the highest age group 6-11 years with the most dominant risk factors are the habit of not wearint footwear while playing, the habit of biting fingernails and sharing towel together.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Dwi Julianika Putri ◽  
Suri Dwi Lesmana ◽  
Tuti Restuastuti

Ascaris lumbricoides ( A.lumbricoides ) and Trichuris trichiura ( T.trichiura ) are Soil Transmitted Helminth. Infectiondue to these worms still become a public health problem in Indonesia especially in students at elementary schools.The purpose of this research is to know the prevalence of students with positive A.lumbricoides and T.trichiura egg intheir nail’s dirt and the risk factors that affected it. Data was collected by questionaire and by examining the nail’s dirtusing Ismid’s Modification Method to all of class I,II,III students with inclusion criteria (177 students ). The prevalenceof students with positive A. lumbricoides dan T. trichiura eggs in nail dirt was 44.06% and 2.82%. The prevalence ofA.lumbricoides and T.trichiura are higher at boys (58.16%), which are influenced by the parent’s education and socioeconomical condition. The most cases was found in students with bad habit of family’s toilet, hand washing aftertoilet, often play in ground, and the habit of nail-cutting.


2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
LAKSHMI CHOUDHARY ◽  
PRABHAWATI PRABHAWATI

Prevalence of soil transmitted helminthes infections in apparently healthy school going children and other 528 people of different districts of Koshi regions of North Bihar were evaluated. Over all incidences of STHs infection was 39.39% during study. High incidence of STH was seen in the rainy season i.e., in the month of July and August, September, significantly higher (P<0.05) .The incidence of Ascaris lumbricoides was highest in the month of August (18.64%). The month of September was 15.25% followed by that of July (14.4%) and October with 10.16%. Also the incidence of hookworm registered the highest incidence in the month of June (19.27%) and lowest in the month of December (4.82%) during the study period. However prevalence of Trichuris trichiura was negligible and it was almost nil in the most of the months but was highest in month of September with 28.57% and lowest in October with 14.00% The climatic factors are responsible for soil transmitted helminthes which are temperature, rainfall and relative humidity. Ascariasis, Trichuriasis and Ancyclostomiasis (Hookworm infection) are found to be endemic in this region.


1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Pereira da Silva ◽  
Mauro Célio de A. Marzochi ◽  
Elisabeth Cardoso Leal dos Santos

Procurou-se avaliar métodos e soluções tradicionalmente utilizados na evidenciação de ovos de helmintos parásitos, de fezes ou do solo, em amostras de areia de praia experimentalmente contaminadas com ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Toxocara canis e Ancylostoma sp. Das soluções classicamente utilizadas, a de Dicromato de Sódio (d= 1,350) foi a que apresentou melhores resultados (índice de recuperação = 50%) para ovos de Ascaris, em 24 horas de observação. As duas soluções propostas: Carbonato de Sódio (d= 1,040) e Detergente aniônico sintético - Sulfonato de Sódio (d= 1,040), apresentaram índices de recuperação surpreendentes, superiores a 80% para os ovos de Ascaris, em 24 horas de observação. Conclui-se que o detergente de uso doméstico, pelo seu baixo custo e facilidade de aquisição, pode ser usado na avaliação de rotina da contaminação de areias de praias pelos ovos de enteroparasitos, importantes indicadores de contaminação fecal, necessários a um adequado monitoramento sanitário do meio.


1968 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruy Gomes de Moraes

1 - Foram examinadas as fezes de 2.666 indivíduos, operários e funcionários de duas Emprésas industriais, situadas, uma na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e outra no Estado do Rio (Brasil); 2 - Dos 2.666 indivíduos, 1941 (72.80%) estavam parasitados por um ou mais helmintos e 725 (27,20%) tinham seus exames de fezes negativos; 3 - De cada um dos 2.666 indivíduos foi feito um hemograma completo, tendo sido aproveitada a taxa de eosinófilos que, em associação com os exames de fezes, constituiu o objeto principal dêste trabalho. 4 - Na Tabela A observa-se o número de vêzes em que cada um dos vermes foi observado e seus respectivos percentuais. Embora não seja um trabalho de epidemiologia, verifica-se que 46,81% são infestados pelo Trichuris trichiura; 23,85% pelo Strongyloides stercoralis; 22,46% pelo Necator americanus e/ou Ancylostoma duodenale; 20,51% pelo Ascaris lumbricóides; 1,65% pelo Schistosoma mansoni; 0.67% pelo Enterobius vermicularis; 0,26% por Taenia solium ou T. saginata e 0,11% por Hymenolepis nana; 5 - Os exames de fezes foram feitos pelos métodos de Faust (ou de Ritchie), de Willis, de Baermann e de sedimentação; 6 - A eosinofilia anotada foi a relativa ou em seu percentual, sendo considerada hipereosinofilia uma taxa de eosinófilos igual ou superior a 5% (Eo > 5%); 7 - Foram abordados de modo conciso os fatores que provocam oscilações na eosinofilia normal tais como a idade, a raça, as horas do nictêmero, os fatores físicos, o sexo, os fatores químicos e outros; 8 - Tratou-se de modo mais extenso das diferenças entre as hipereosinofilias parasitárias e não parasitárias, tendo sido focalizada a dinâmica da eosinofilia traduzida na curva de Lavier. 9 - A distribuição dos 2.666 casos foi feita pelos diferentes graus de eosinofilia, tendo sido levantados gráficos e traçadas curvas sôbre a distribuição de cada helminto e de suas associações. 10 - Por ser necessário à explanação do assunto, foi criado o "índice eosinofilico", o qual corresponde à relação entre o número de casos de um determinado grupo com Eo > 5% e Eo < 5%. Para o total de casos positivos, ao "índice eosinofílico" denominamos "índice eosinofílico médio" em para o total dos negativos "índice eosinofílico residual"; 11 - Estabelecendo-se o "índice eosinofílico", pode-se ajuizar a capacidade eosinofilogênica de cada helminto isoladamente, bem como a de suas associações; 12 - Atenção especial foi dada aos problemas da existência da hipereosinofilia nos casos com exames coprológicos negativos para helmintos, tendo-se passado em revista vários dos aspectos biológicos que o assunto comporta; 13 - Outra questão de grande importância clínica explanada neste trabalho é a do encontro de casos de parasitismo por vermes, sem hipereosinofilia. O autor, baseado em seus dados e em outros colhidos na literatura sôbre o assunto, discute a fisiopatologia da eosinopoiese nas helmintoses e ojerece uma interpretação para êste fato ainda não defintivamente esclarecido.


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