scholarly journals A cross-sectional cohort study of the activity and turnover of neutrophil granulocytes in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Backlund ◽  
Per Venge ◽  
Lillemor Berntson
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Neutrophil Granulocytes ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background The inflammatory process in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) involves both the innate and the adaptive immune system. The turnover and activity of neutrophil granulocytes may be reflected by proteins secreted from primary or secondary granules and from the cytoplasm of sequestered cells. Our primary aim was to compare the levels of the secondary neutrophil granule protein human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL), in JIA patients and controls, and to explore a possible priming of neutrophils through parallel analyses in plasma and serum. A secondary aim was to relate the levels of HNL to two other well-studied leukocyte proteins, S100A8/A9 and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as to clinical aspects of JIA. Methods The concentrations of the three biomarkers in serum, two of them also in plasma, were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 37 children with JIA without medical treatment, in high disease activity based on juvenile arthritis disease activity score 27 (JADAS27), 32 children on medical treatment, mainly in lower disease activity, and 16 healthy children. We assessed for differences between two groups using the Mann-Whitney U test, and used the Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple group comparisons. Spearman rank correlation, linear and multiple regression analyses were used for evaluation of associations between biomarker concentrations and clinical scores. Results The concentrations of HNL and MPO in serum were significantly increased in children with JIA (p < 0.001, p = 0.002) compared with healthy children, but we found no difference in the plasma levels of HNL and MPO between children with JIA and controls. The serum concentrations of MPO and HNL were unaffected by medical treatment, but S100A8/A9 was reduced by medical treatment and correlated with JADAS27 in both univariate (r = 0.58, p < 0.001) and multivariate (r = 0.59, p < 0.001) analyses. Conclusions Neutrophil granulocytes in children with JIA are primed to release primary and secondary granule proteins, without relation to medical treatment, whereas signs of increased turnover and sequestration of neutrophil granulocytes are reduced by treatment. Levels of neutrophil-originating proteins in serum most likely reflect underlying disease activities of JIA.

scholarly journals Clinical and psychosocial stress factors are associated with decline in physical activity over time in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liane D. Heale ◽  
Kristin M. Houghton ◽  
Elham Rezaei ◽  
Adam D. G. Baxter-Jones ◽  
Susan M. Tupper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Juvenile Arthritis ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Physical activity (PA) patterns in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) over time are not well described. The aim of this study was to describe associations of physical activity (PA) with disease activity, function, pain, and psychosocial stress in the 2 years following diagnosis in an inception cohort of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods In 82 children with newly diagnosed JIA, PA levels, prospectively determined at enrollment, 12 and 24 months using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) and Adolescents (PAQ-A) raw scores, were evaluated in relation to disease activity as reflected by arthritis activity (Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS-71)), function, pain, and psychosocial stresses using a linear mixed model approach. Results in the JIA cohort were compared to normative Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study data derived from healthy children using z-scores. Results At enrollment, PA z-score levels of study participants were lower than those in the normative population (median z-score − 0.356; p = 0.005). At enrollment, PA raw scores were negatively associated with the psychosocial domain of the Juvenile Arthritis Quality of Life Questionnaire (r = − 0.251; p = 0.023). There was a significant decline in PAQ-C/A raw scores from baseline (median and IQR: 2.6, 1.4–3.1) to 24 months (median and IQR: 2.1, 1.4–2.7; p = 0.003). The linear mixed-effect model showed that PAQ-C/A raw scores in children with JIA decreased as age, disease duration, and ESR increased. The PAQ-C/A raw scores of the participants was also negatively influenced by an increase in disease activity as measured by the JADAS-71 (p <  0.001). Conclusion Canadian children with newly diagnosed JIA have lower PA levels than healthy children. The decline in PA levels over time was associated with disease activity and higher disease-specific psychosocial stress.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis a Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1771
Author(s):  
Violetta Opoka-Winiarska ◽  
Ewelina Grywalska ◽  
Izabela Korona-Glowniak ◽  
Katarzyna Matuska ◽  
Anna Malm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Disease Activity Score ◽  
Juvenile Arthritis ◽  
Activity Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

There is limited data on the effect of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) on pediatric rheumatology. We examined the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and a negative history of COVID-19 and the correlation of the presence of these antibodies with disease activity measured by juvenile arthritis disease activity score (JADAS). In total, 62 patients diagnosed with JIA, under treatment with various antirheumatic drugs, and 32 healthy children (control group) were included. Serum samples were analyzed for inflammatory markers and antibodies and their state evaluated with the juvenile arthritis disease activity score (JADAS). JIA patients do not have a higher seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies than healthy subjects. We found anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in JIA patients who did not have a history of COVID-19. The study showed no unequivocal correlation between the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and JIA activity; therefore, this relationship requires further observation. We also identified a possible link between patients’ humoral immune response and disease-modifying antirheumatic treatment, which will be confirmed in follow-up studies.

scholarly journals Mandibular range of motion in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis with and without clinically established temporomandibular joint involvement and in healthy children; a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willemijn F. C. de Sonnaville ◽  
Caroline M. Speksnijder ◽  
Nicolaas P. A. Zuithoff ◽  
Daan R. C. Verkouteren ◽  
Nico W. Wulffraat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Left And Right

Abstract Background Recognition of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) has gained increasing attention in the past decade. The clinical assessment of mandibular range of motion characteristics is part of the recommended variables to detect TMJ involvement in children with JIA. The aim of this study was to explore explanatory variables for mandibular range of motion outcomes in children with JIA, with and without clinically established TMJ involvement, and in healthy children. Methods This cross-sectional study included children with JIA and healthy children of age 6–18 years. Mandibular range of motion variables included active and passive maximum interincisal opening (AMIO and PMIO), protrusion, laterotrusion, dental midline shift in AMIO and in protrusion. Additionally, the TMJ screening protocol and palpation pain were assessed. Adjusted linear regression analyses of AMIO, PMIO, protrusion, and laterotrusion were performed to evaluate the explanatory factors. Two adjusted models were constructed: model 1 to compare children with JIA and healthy children, and model 2 to compare children with JIA with and without TMJ involvement. Results A total of 298 children with JIA and 169 healthy children were included. Length was an explanatory variable for the mandibular range of motion excursions. Each centimeter increase in length increased AMIO (0.14 mm), PMIO (0.14 mm), and protrusion (0.02 mm). Male gender increased AMIO by 1.35 mm. Having JIA negatively influenced AMIO (3.57 mm), PMIO (3.71 mm), and protrusion (1.03 mm) compared with healthy children, while the discrepancy between left and right laterotrusion raised 0.68 mm. Children with JIA and TMJ involvement had a 8.27 mm lower AMIO, 7.68 mm lower PMIO and 0.96 mm higher discrepancy in left and right laterotrusion compared to healthy children. Conclusion All mandibular range of motion items were restricted in children with JIA compared with healthy children. In children with JIA and TMJ involvement, AMIO, PMIO and the discrepancy between left and right laterotrusion were impaired more severely. The limitation in protrusion and laterotrusion was hardly clinically relevant. Overall, AMIO is the mandibular range of motion variable with the highest restriction (in millimeters) in children with JIA and clinically established TMJ involvement compared to healthy children.

Machine learning identifies an immunological pattern associated with multiple juvenile idiopathic arthritis subtypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 617-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Van Nieuwenhove ◽  
Vasiliki Lagou ◽  
Lien Van Eyck ◽  
James Dooley ◽  
Ulrich Bodenhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Immune Signature ◽  
Systemic Jia

ObjectivesJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common class of childhood rheumatic diseases, with distinct disease subsets that may have diverging pathophysiological origins. Both adaptive and innate immune processes have been proposed as primary drivers, which may account for the observed clinical heterogeneity, but few high-depth studies have been performed.MethodsHere we profiled the adaptive immune system of 85 patients with JIA and 43 age-matched controls with indepth flow cytometry and machine learning approaches.ResultsImmune profiling identified immunological changes in patients with JIA. This immune signature was shared across a broad spectrum of childhood inflammatory diseases. The immune signature was identified in clinically distinct subsets of JIA, but was accentuated in patients with systemic JIA and those patients with active disease. Despite the extensive overlap in the immunological spectrum exhibited by healthy children and patients with JIA, machine learning analysis of the data set proved capable of discriminating patients with JIA from healthy controls with ~90% accuracy.ConclusionsThese results pave the way for large-scale immune phenotyping longitudinal studies of JIA. The ability to discriminate between patients with JIA and healthy individuals provides proof of principle for the use of machine learning to identify immune signatures that are predictive to treatment response group.

Serum and Saliva 25(OH)D Levels in Relation to Dental Caries in Young Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Alaa Sabah Hussein ◽  
Manal Mohamed Almoudi ◽  
Mohamed Ibrahim Abu-Hassan ◽  
Robert J Schroth ◽  
Bahruddin Saripudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Unstimulated Whole Saliva

Objective: Several studies have reported that low levels of vitamin D (25(OH)D) are associated with an increased risk of dental caries and that optimal levels may offer protection This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum and saliva 25(OH)D levels and caries among young children. Study design: A total of 120 healthy children were recruited; 93 with caries and 27 caries-free. Dental caries status was evaluated using decayed, missing and filled in primary teeth (dmft) index. Blood and unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected. Laboratory analysis was performed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, bivariate and Spearman’s rank correlation analysis. Results: There were no significant associations between serum and saliva 25(OH)D levels and caries status (P &gt; 0.05). Levels of 25(OH)D in serum were significantly higher than levels found in saliva (P &lt; 0.05), and a correlation between serum and saliva 25(OH)D levels was observed (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: The association between serum and saliva 25(OH)D and dental caries in young children was inconclusive. However, a positive and significant correlation was observed between serum and saliva 25(OH)D levels. Further studies are warranted to investigate the definite relation between 25(OH)D levels and dental caries and using saliva 25(OH)D as a non-invasive alternative method over blood samples.

Osteopontin concentrations are increased in cerebrospinal fluid during attacks of multiple sclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Börnsen ◽  
Mohsen Khademi ◽  
Tomas Olsson ◽  
Per Soelberg Sørensen ◽  
Finn Sellebjerg
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Repeated Sampling ◽  
Csf Levels

Background:The cytokine osteopontin (OPN) is a potential key player in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and a candidate biomarker for disease activity. Objective:The objective of this study was to examine concentrations of OPN in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) across the clinical spectrum of MS. Methods:Our research consisted of a cross-sectional study of patients from two randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Concentrations of OPN and other blood and CSF markers were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Samples were obtained from untreated patients with exacerbation of clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) ( n = 25) and relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) ( n = 41) of whom 48 participated in clinical trials, randomly allocated to treatment with placebo or methylprednisolone (MP) and undergoing repeated sampling after 3 weeks. Furthermore, we obtained CSF and blood samples from patients with primary progressive MS (PPMS, n = 9), secondary progressive MS (SPMS, n = 28) and other neurological disorders (OND, n = 44), and blood samples from 24 healthy subjects. Results:OPN concentrations were significantly increased in the CSF of patients with CIS ( p = 0.02) and RRMS ( p < 0.001) in exacerbation compared to patients with OND, and increased levels of OPN were associated with high values of other biomarkers of inflammation. At 3-week follow-up CSF OPN concentrations had decreased significantly from baseline regardless treatment with placebo or MP. Patients with PPMS had increased OPN levels in the CSF ( p = 0.004) and high CSF levels of OPN were associated with high degrees of disability. Conclusions:OPN concentration in the CSF is a dynamic indicator of disease activity in RRMS, presumably reflecting ongoing inflammation. Increased CSF OPN concentrations in PPMS may indicate ongoing inflammation even in these patients.

Decreased Pain Threshold in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Cross-sectional Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1212-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Leegaard ◽  
Johanne Jeppesen Lomholt ◽  
Mikael Thastum ◽  
Troels Herlin
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Digital Pressure ◽  
Pressure Algometer

Objective.To examine the pain threshold in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) compared with healthy children by using a digital pressure algometer.Methods.Fifty-eight children with JIA born between 1995 and 2000 and 91 age-related healthy children participated in the study. We used a digital pressure algometer to measure the pain threshold on 17 symmetric, anatomically predefined joint-related or bone-related areas. All children were asked to rate their current pain on a Faces Pain Scale, and parents of children with JIA were asked to complete a parental revised version of the Child Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ-R). Clinical data were registered on children with JIA.Results.The pain threshold was significantly lower among children with JIA (total mean PT = 1.33 ± 0.69 kg/cm2) when compared with the healthy control group (total mean PT = 1.77 ± 0.67 kg/cm2). The same pattern was found in all areas measured, including negative control areas that are normally unaffected in JIA (p = 0.0001 to 0.005). Overall, the pain threshold was 34% lower in females than in males in both groups (p < 0.0001). We found no correlation between pain threshold and age, current pain experience, disease duration, or disease activity.Conclusion.Children with JIA had a substantially lower pain threshold even in areas usually unaffected by arthritis. Our findings suggest that JIA alters the pain perception and causes decreased pain threshold.

scholarly journals Low Level of Vitamin D is Correlated with High C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Disease Activity in Indonesian Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-56
Author(s):  
Desy Wulandari ◽  
Wisnu Barlianto ◽  
Tita Luthfia Sari
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Reactive Protein

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D plays essential role in the regulation of inflammation, such as in pathogenesis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). Vitamin D deficiency has been reported among JIA patients, but there were conflicting results regarding the correlation with disease activity. This study aimed to assess vitamin D serum level and its correlation with C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and disease activity in JIA patients.METHODS: Children who were diagnosed with JIA according to International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) criterias were enrolled as JIA group subjects, while age and sex-matched healthy children were enrolled as the control group subjects. Vitamin D and CRP serum level were measured. Disease activity of JIA patients was calculated by Juvenile Arthritis Disease ActivityScore-27 (JADAS-27).RESULTS: Vitamin D serum level was lower in the JIA group compared to the healthy control group (p=0.000). Among 26 JIA patients, 61.5% were deficient, 30.8% were insufficient, and 7.7% had normal vitamin D. No significant different in CRP level between vitamin D group (p=0.441), but there was significant different in JADAS-27 (p=0.001). The mean of CRP and JADAS-27 were found highest in vitamin D deficiency group. Vitamin D serum level was negatively correlate with CRP (p=0.021, r=-0.452) and JADAS-27 (p=0.001 r=-0.595).CONCLUSION: Low level of vitamin D in JIA patients was inversely related to higher CRP and disease activity,suggesting that vitamin D supplementation could be havepotential role in JIA treatment.KEYWORDS: vitamin D, CRP, disease activity,JADAS-27, JIA

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF D-DIMER SERUM LEVELS AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SPONTANEOUS URTICARIA AND ITS CORRELATION WITH DISEASE SEVERITY.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Aditi Jaiswal ◽  
Kiran Godse
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tertiary Referral Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
D Dimer

Aims: To evaluate D-Dimer serum levels in patients with chronic urticaria and its correlation with disease activity. Settings and Design: Single centre Cross sectional prospective observational age & sex matched case-control study at Dermatology OPD of a tertiary referral centre. Methods and Material: This study was conducted from January 2018 to June 2019. We in-cluded 33 patients with CU and 30 controls . They were recruited from urticaria clinic. All cases were subjected to history taking, general and dermatological examination. The serum levels of D-Dimer were measured by Semiquantitative, immunofiltration kits. Statistical analysis: Data was analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) ver-sion 21.0. Tests used were Independent t test/Mann-Whitney Test, Chi-Square test/Fisher’s Exact test, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, Kolmogorov- Smirnov test.. Results: Patients with active CU had elevated D-Dimer serum levels (p<0.0001) when com-pared with the control group (papulo-squamous disorder). Of 33 CSU patients, D-dimer level was elevated in 19 patients (57.58%). There was statistically significant positive correlation between disease severity (UAS7) and plasma D-dimer level (p <.0001, r =0.935). Conclusions: This study showed elevated D-dimer levels in more than half of Indian patients with CSU. There was a positive correlation between plasma D-dimer levels and the severity of disease activity. Investigation for plasma D-dimer level may be an alternative objective way to evaluate disease severity in patients with CSU. Limitations: Low sample size . Semi quantitative method was used instead of ELISA for D-Dimer.

scholarly journals Serum Calprotectin (S100A8/A9): A Promising Biomarker in Diagnosis and Follow-up in Different Subgroups of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline La ◽  
Phu Quoc Lê ◽  
Alina Ferster ◽  
Laurence Goffin ◽  
Delphine Spruyt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Inactive Disease ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Minimal Disease ◽  
Active Disease

Abstract IntroductionIn the management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), there is a lack of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. This study assesses the use of serum calprotectin (sCal) as a marker to monitor disease activity, and as a classification and prognosis tool of response to treatment or risk of flares in patients with JIA. MethodsEighty-one patients with JIA from the CAP48 multicentric cohort were included in this study, as well as 11 non-pediatric healthy controls. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to quantify sCal with a commercial kit.ResultsPatients with an active disease compared to healthy controls and to patients with inactive disease showed an 8-fold and a 2-fold increased level of sCal respectively. sCal was found to be correlated with the CRP and even more strongly with the ESR. Evolution of DAS28 scores correlated well with evolution of sCal, as opposed to evolution of CRP. With regard to CRP, sCal could differentiate forms with active oligoarthritis from polyarthritis and systemic forms. However, sCal brought an added value compared to the CRP as a prognosis marker. Indeed, patients with active disease and reaching minimal disease activity (according to JADAS) at 6 months following the test had higher sCal levels, while patients with inactive disease had higher sCal levels if a flare was observed up to 3 to 9 months following the test.ConclusionsThis study confirms the potential uses of serum calprotectin as a biomarker in the diagnosis and follow-up of JIA.

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