scholarly journals Sida acuta Burm.f. leaves ethanol extract ameliorates haematological and biochemical alterations induced by Plasmodium berghei ANKA-65 in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmond Chukwuma Enechi ◽  
Christian Chijioke Amah ◽  
Innocent Uzochukwu Okagu ◽  
Pamela Chidinma Ononiwu ◽  
Alice Chinwendu Nweke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Plasmodium Species ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Sida Acuta ◽  
Malaria Parasitemia ◽  
Biochemical Status ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
Promising Source

Abstract Background Malaria has continued to be a threat to man and his wellbeing, especially Africans and Asians. New antimalarial drugs are urgently needed to mitigate malaria treatment failure due to resistant Plasmodium species. Medicinal plants used by indigenous Nigerians for treating fever and malaria such as Sida acuta Burm.f. (Malvaceae) could be a promising source of lead compounds for developing new generations of antimalarial drugs. The effects of ethanol extract of S. acuta leaves (EESAL) on malaria parasitemia, haematological and biochemical status of P. berghei-infected mice were investigated, using the 4-day curative test. Methodology EESAL was prepared by maceration method. The phyto-constituents and acute toxicity profile of the extract were evaluated using standard protocols. In addition, malaria parasitemia and chemo-suppression, and indicators of haematological and biochemical status of P. berghei-infected mice treated with EESAL were assessed. Results At 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg/d b.w., p.o doses for 4 consecutive days, EESAL significantly (p < 0.05) decreased parasitaemia and suppressed malaria parasite by 89.64%, 95.95% and 97.38%, respectively comparable to negative control. The reduction in percentage malaria parasitemia by EESAL is comparable to Artemether (140 mg/kg/d b.w., p.o) used as standard antimalarial drug in this study. The packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, and red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts of negative control are significantly (p < 0.05) higher than normal control. However, parasitized-EESAL-treated mice have significantly (p < 0.05) higher PCV value, Hb concentration and RBC and WBC counts than negative control. Similarly, treatment of parasitized mice with EESAL restored some indicators of the antioxidant, lipid peroxidation, lipid profile and liver status altered by malaria. In addition, EESAL was tolerable up to 5000 mg/kg b.w., p.o. Conclusion These results indicate that the EESAL possesses antimalarial activity and normalizes alterations in haematological and biochemical status of malaria-infected mice.

scholarly journals Prophylactic antimalarial effects of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) in a mouse model of Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection: normalisation of haematological and serum biochemical status

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 05-017
Author(s):  
Raymond Bess Bila ◽  
Germain Sotoing Taiwe ◽  
David Denis Feugaing Sofeu ◽  
Orelien Sylvain Mtopi Bopda ◽  
Hart Mann Alain Youbi Mambou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei Anka ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Biochemical Status ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Promising Source

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) is a medicinal plant known for its antimalarial, antipyretic and antifatigue activities in Cameroonian folk medicine. Aim of the study: The aim of this work was to evaluate the prophylactic antimalarial effects of the decoction prepared from the leaves of Cymbopogon citratus on Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection in mice and investigate its action on haematological and serum biochemical status. Materials and methods: Swiss mice were treated with Cymbopogon citratus leaf decoction (25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and later inoculated with Plasmodium berghei ANKA. The prophylactic antimalarial activity of the decoction was evaluated by determining the parasitaemia, percentage chemosuppression, body weight, body temperature, food and water intake in pretreated parasitised mice. The possible ameliorative effects of the decoction on malaria associated haematological and serum biochemical changes were also assessed. Results: The decoction exhibited a prophylactic activity of 85.32% and its chemotherapeutic effects ranged from 56.88 – 85.32% with maximum effect observed at the highest experimental dose. It significantly inhibited parasitaemia (P < 0.001) compared to the negative control group. Interestingly, treatment of parasitised mice with the decoction significantly restored the malaria modified haematological and biochemical status compared with distilled water-treated parasitised mice. Conclusion: The results of this prophylactic assay indicated that Cymbopogon citratus decoction has antimalarial effects and normalised haematological and serum biochemical aberrations generated by malaria. Hence, Cymbopogon citratus represents a promising source of new antimalarial agents.

UJI AKTIVITAS HEPATOPROTEKTOR KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius roxb) DAN KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmanii) TERHADAP KADAR MDA YANG DIINDUKSI PARASETAMOL

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Yuni Asri Mulatsih Agami ◽  
Eka Wisnu Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dose Combination

Kasus penyakit hati semakin meningkat seiring penggunaan senyawa hepatotoksin salah satunya karena penggunaan parasetamol dengan dosis berlebih. Hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan produksi radikal bebas sehingga memicu terjadinya stress oksidatif yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan jaringan yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar Malondialdehyde (MDA). Stress oksidatif dapat diatasi dengan antioksidan dari berbagai tanaman. Kulit kayu manis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 53ppm dan daun pandan wangi 39,7%  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi dan kayu manis dalam menurunkan kadar MDA. tikus yang diinduksi parasetamol. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental, dilakukan selama 9 hari dengan 30 ekor tikus jantan dibagi menjadi 6 Kelompok, yaitu: Normal diberi aquadest, Kontrol Positif diberi silimarin 100 mg/kgBB, Kontrol Negatif diberi CMC-Na 0,05%, serta 3 kelompok lainnya diberi kombinasi ekstrak daun pandan wangi:kayu manis berturut-turut dosis I (25:75), dosis II (50:50), dosis III (75:25). Semua kelompok diinduksi parasetamol 2,5 g/kgBB pada hari ke-7  setelah 30 menit perlakuan, kecuali kelompok normal. Pada hari ke 9 dilakukan pengukuran kadar MDA dengan metode TBARs menggunakan spektrofotometri. Pemberian kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi dan kayu manis dapat menurunkan kadar MDA dengan kombinasi dosis yang paling optimal adalah 75:25 berdasarkan statistik dengan nilai signifikan 0,000<0,05 dibandingkan dengan kelompok negatif.    Cases of liver disease have increased with the use of hepatotoxin compounds, one of which is due to the use of paracetamol with excessive doses. This can increase the production of free radicals so that it triggers oxidative stress which can cause tissue damage which is characterized by increased levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA). Oxidative stress can be overcome with antioxidants from various plants. Cinnamomum burmanii has antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 53ppm and Pandanus amarrylifolius 39.7%. This study aims to determine the combined activity of ethanol extract of Pandanus amarrylifolius and Cinnamomum burmanii  in reducing MDA levels. Paracetamol-induced rats. Research using experimental methods, conducted for 9 days with 30 male rats divided into 6 groups, namely: Normal given aquadest, Positive Control were given silimarin 100 mg / kgBB, Negative Control was given CMC-Na 0.05%, and 3 other groups were given a combination of Pandanus amarrylifolius extract: Cinnamomum burmanii dose I (25:75), dose II (50:50), dose III (75:25). All groups induced paracetamol 2.5 g / kgBB on the 7th day after 30 minutes of treatment, except the normal group. On the 9th day MDA levels were measured using the TBARs method using spectrophotometry. Giving a combination of Pandanus amarrylifolius and Cinnamomum burmanii ethanol extract can reduce MDA levels with the most optimal dose combination is 75:25 based on statistics with a significant value of 0,000<0.05 compared with the negative group.

Efek Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Mencit Jantan

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Verawaty Verawaty ◽  
Dhea Claudia Novel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Third ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan yang diinduksi aloksan. Hewan percobaan dibagi atas 5 kelompok diantaranya kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif,dosis I (280 mg/kgBB mencit), dosis II (560 mg/kg BB mencit), dosis III (840 mg/kg BB mencit). Penelitian dilakukan selama 21 hari. Persentase penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan setelah diberikan ekstrak etanol kulit petai pada hari ke-21 adalah dosis I (77,52 %) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan dosis II (69,5 %) dan dosis III (73,37 %). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji Two Way Anova dengan program SPSS 17. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit petai untuk tiga variasi dosis menyatakan perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan.</p><p><em>Petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) has a compound β-sitosterol and stigmasterol that have efficacy to decreased blood glucose levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of petai peel for decrease blood glucose levels of male mice induced by alloxan. Experimental animals were divided into 5 groups including negative control group, positive control group, the first dose (280 mg/kg in mice), the second dose (560 mg/kg in mice), the third dose (840 mg/kg in mice). The study was conducted for 21 days. After 21 days, the result found that the percentage of blood glucose levels after the male mice given the ethanol extract of petai peel was, the first dose (77.52%) biger than the second dose (69.5%) and the third dose (73.37%). The data obtained were analyzed by Two Way ANOVA using SPSS 17. The results showed that have signicantly difference between three dose variation of ethanol extract of petai peel in blood glucose levels.</em></p>

scholarly journals Antihyperglycemic activity of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. leaf ethanol extract SNEDDS in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
Farida Hayati ◽  
Lutfi Chabib ◽  
Faiza Dea Sekarraras ◽  
Wan Syarifah Faizah
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Good Preparation

Abstract This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of SNEDDS of Pegagan Leaf Ethanol Extract (PLE) to reduce fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in zebrafish. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. or pegagan is among the medicinal plants widely used to treat diabetes in Indonesia. Maceration was employed with 70% ethanol to obtain a viscous extract for the formulation of SNEDDS with Capryol 90, Tween 80, and PEG 400 (1:6:3). Antihyperglycemic testing was conducted on five groups, consisting of normal, positive control, negative control, P I treatment, and P II treatment. On Day 1, all except the normal group was induced with 300 mg alloxan and soaked in 2% glucose solution for 7 days. On day 8, the treatment consisted of 25 mg/2 L metformin for the positive control, 100 mg/2 L SNEDDS for P I, 200 mg/2 L SNEDDS for P II, and no treatment for the negative control. The SNEDDS characterization obtained 100.6 ± 3.12 nm particle size and −7.93 ± 0.66 mV zeta potential, indicating that the SNEDDS had fulfilled the requirements of good preparation. The antidiabetic activity test found a 69.90% decline in FBG levels in 100 mg/2 L SNEDDS and 72.20% in 200 mg/2 L SNEDDS.

Effect of Chayote (Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz) Extract on Level of Interleukin-8 in Wistar Rats with Aspirin-Induced Gastritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrika Andriana Silitonga ◽  
◽  
Gontar Alamsyah Siregar ◽  
Rosita Juwita Sembiring ◽  
Marline Nainggolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sechium Edule

ABSTRACT Background: Recent studies showed that Interleukin-8 (IL-8), activated cytokine immune response which plays an important role in the development of acute and chronic gastritis. Harmless anti-inflammatory therapeutic alternatives have been proposed, for example, the consumption of Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz (chayote). Antioxidant (flavonoid) and cell regeneration (alkaloid) agents were found in chayote. This study aimed to determine the effect of chayote Sechium Edule Jacq. Swartz extracts on the level of IL-8 in Wistar rats with aspirin- induced gastritis. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted at the laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatra Utara from January to February 2020. A total of 35 male Wistar rats was selected for this study and randomly allocated into 7 groups: (1) Negative control; (2) Positive control; (3) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract ; (4) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethanol extract; (5) 100 mg/ kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; (6) 200 mg/kg BW chayote ethyl acetate fraction; and (7) 20 mg omeprazole. The rats in positive control and treatment groups were induced with aspirin (200mg/ kg BW). The negative control group received no intervention. The dependent variable was level of IL-8 measured by ELISA. The independent variables were treatment status. The data were analyzed by One Way Anova and post hoc test. Results: The mean differences of IL-8 level were not statistically significant between study groups (p= 0.327). Mean of IL-8 level was higher in positive control group (Mean= 160.80; SD= 6.90) than in negative control group (Mean= 141.20; SD= 10.98). The lowest IL-8 level was in 100mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 149.94; SD= 40.4), followed by 200mg/ kg BW (Mean= 152.4; SD= 30.73) and 100mg/ kg BW (Mean= 164.60; SD= 25.04) chayote ethyl acetate fraction groups, 20 mg omeprazole group (Mean= 170.60; SD= 21.58), and 200 mg/ kg BW chayote ethanol extract group (Mean= 176.80; SD= 10.98). Conclusion: The low dose (100mg/ kg BW) chayote ethanol extract has the most potential antiinflammation effect on in vitro gastritis with the lowest IL-8 level of all doses of chayote ethanol extract, chayote ethyl acetate fraction, and omeprazole. Keywords: antiinflammation, IL-8, chayote ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, omeprazole, aspirin induced gastritis Correspondence: Hendrika Andriana Silitonga. Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Methodist Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6281361430688. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.35

UJI EFEK ANALGESIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus musculus) DENGAN INDUKSI NYERI ASAM ASETAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Triswanto Sentat ◽  
Susiyanto Pangestu
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Analgesic Dose ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Kersen leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) contains tannins, flavonoids and polyphenol compounds allegedly have analgesic effect. The objective was to determine the analgesic effect of ethanol extract of kersen leaves and to determine the most effective analgesic dose. This study was an experimental research. Leaves were extracted with ethanol 70% and the analgesic effect test was divided into 5 groups: negative control treatment (distilled water), positive control (mefenamic acid 2.6mg/kg), kersen leaf ethanol extract first dose (100mg/kg), second dose (200mg/kg) and tthird dose (400mg/kg). Giving treatments by oral, after 30 minutes, the mices were given a pain inductor with 0.5% acetic acid by intra peritonial administration. Analgesic power was calculated by counting the number of writhing in mice for 1 hour. The results showed that the ethanol extract of cherry leaf has analgesic effect. From the calculation of the first dose analgesic power (42.9%), second dose (59.4%) and the third dose 69.9%. Statistical test results kruskal wallis value of p=0.011 (p<0.05) showed a significant difference between all analgesic treatment groups. The conclusion of this study is all of the ethanol extract had analgesic effects on male white mice, whereas a dose of 400mg/kg is the most effective analgesic dose.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MEKAI (Pycnarrhena cauliflora DIELS.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Yayuk Bulam Sarifati ◽  
Sjarif Ismail ◽  
Khemasili Kosala
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Measurement ◽  
Eye Pain

Mekai leaves (Pycnarrhena cauliflora Diels.) (P. cauliflora). Are known to contain flavonoid compounds, tannins and phenolics that act as antibacterial agents and are used in the treatment of eye pain. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the examples of bacterial diseases of eye pain and also a major cause of many infections in communities and health facilities with cases of resistance to various antimicrobial agents. The purpose of this study was to prove the antibacterial activity of mekai leaves ethanol extract against S. aureus bacteria. This research is an experimental research. The stages of this research began by extracting mekai leaves using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. Antibacterial activity was tested by the disc method (Kirby-Bauer) using ethanol extract concentrations of mekai leaves (EPC) 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%, positive control using 25 μg amoxicillin and negative control using DMSO 10%. The measurement results of inhibition zones of mekai leaf ethanol extract 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% respectively were 8.32 mm, 8.32 mm, 8.32 mm, 8.67 mm, 9.00 mm, 8.67 mm, and 8.33 mm. While the positive control measurement of 25 μg amoxicillin against S. aureus is 28.67 mm and the measurement of 10% negative DMSO control does not produce inhibitory zones, so it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of mekai leaves has antibacterial activity, but the area of ​​inhibition zone produced is smaller than amoxicillin 25 µg. The results of statistical tests using Mann Whitney between negative controls with all EPC concentrations obtained significant differences with p values ​​<0.05, it can be concluded that there is antibacterial activity produced at all EPC concentrations.

scholarly journals Ethanol extract of Cymbopogon winterianus on mortality and number of eggs of Tetranychus urticae

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1154-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Bernardo Vicentini ◽  
Dirceu Pratissoli ◽  
Vagner Tebaldi de Queiroz ◽  
Adilson Vidal Costa ◽  
Patrícia Fontes Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Evaluation Period ◽  
Spray Tower ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Cymbopogon Winterianus ◽  
Natural Insecticides ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Citronella Grass

Plant extracts have been studied as a promising source of natural insecticides. This study assessed the effect of the ethanol extract of Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt (citronella grass) in comparison with an insecticide containing azadirachtin (ICA) on mortality and number of eggs of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) in laboratory conditions. For the tests, the mites were sprayed with the aid of a Potter spray tower. To assess the mortality of females, LC50 value for extract of citronella grass and ICA was, respectively, 2.63 and 2.83%. With respect to the number of eggs, the greatest reduction was observed at a concentration of 5% for the evaluation period of 120h, both for the extract of citronella grass (86%) and for ICA (81%). These results suggest the potential of the ethanol extract of citronella grass to control of T. urticae. However, experiments, under field conditions, involving other populations of T. urticae should be performed to verify the efficacy of this extract as an alternative to be used in pest management programs

scholarly journals THE ANTHELMINTIC EFFECTS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF CURANGA FEL-TERRAE LEAVES ON ASCARIDIA GALLI

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Popi Patilaya ◽  
Dadang Irfan Husori ◽  
Imam Bagus Sumantri
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose ◽  
Solvent Control

ABSTRACTObjective: This study was to investigate the anthelmintic effects of ethanol extract of Curanga fel-terrae leaves on Ascaridia galli.Methods: Extract of C. fel-terrae was prepared by percolating the dried powder of the plant leaves. To observe anthelmintic effects, A. galli wasexposed to the plant extract solutions in different concentrations at room temperature for 72 hrs. Sodium chloride 0.9%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.5%, and albendazole 0.1% were served as negative control, solvent control, and positive control, respectively. The anthelmintic effectswere determined by observing the time taken for paralysis and the time taken for death of A. galli during experiment.Results: The results demonstrated that there were no different effects between negative and solvent controls. However, the ethanol extract ofC. fel-terrae leaves exhibited significantly paralysis and death effects toward A. galli. The plant extracts at the concentration of 100 mg/ml showedsimilar anthelmintic effects with albendazole 0.1%. This study also indicated that the paralysis and death effects of plant extract were shorter whenthe worms exposed with the concentration above of 100 mg/ml.Conclusion: This study indicated that the ethanol extract of C. fel-terrae leaves has potential anthelmintic effects on A. galli.Keywords: Curanga fel-terrae, Ascaridia galli, Anthelmintic, Helminthiasis, Ascariasis. 

scholarly journals Efek Imunomodulator Ekstrak Etanol Spons Melophlus sarasinorum Terhadap Aktivitas Fagositosis Sel Makrofag Pada Mencit Jantan Balb/C

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-157
Author(s):  
Wahyuni Wahyuni ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas Yusuf ◽  
Fadhliyah Malik ◽  
Adryan Fristiohady Lubis ◽  
Astrid Indalifiany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Macrophage Cell ◽  
Macrophage Phagocytosis ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Phagocytosis Activity

Immunomodulator is an ingredient or drug that can modulate immune system functions and activities. This study was conducted to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Melophlus sarasinorum sponge on macrophage phagocytosis activity. Twenty four male mice balb/c were divided into six groups. The first group received 100 mg/kg of ethanol extract of Melophlus Sarasinorum sponge, the second group received 200 mg/kg of ethanol extract of Melophlus sarasinorum sponge, the third group received 300 mg/kg of ethanol extract of Melophlus Sarasinorum sponge and the fourth group received 400 mg/kg of ethanol extract of Melophlus Sarasinorum sponge. The positive control group received Phyllanthus niruri linn extract (Stimuno®) 0,13 mg/g and the negative control group received NaCMC 0,5%. The extract was orally administered from first day to seventh day. On the eighth day, each of the mice was injected Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (SA) 0.5 mL intraperitoneally. Macrophage cell activity is calculated from smears of peritoneal fluid of mice. Increased doses of ethanol extract of Melophlus sarasinorum sponge increase the amount of macrophage phagocytosis activity that are 25,25% (negative control), 61,5% (positive control), 55,75% (100 mg/kg), 60,75% (200 mg/kg), 62,25% (300 mg/kg) dan 66,25% (400 mg/kg). The results showed that the ethanol extract of Melophlus sarasinorum sponge has the potential as immunomodulator at a doses of 300 mg/kgBB and 400 mg/kg with no significantly different effectiveness with positive control in increasing macrophage cell phagocytosis activity based on the result of post-hoc statistical test of Tukey (sig.> 0,05).  

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