Post Earthquake Reconstruction Regulation by Local Government

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-223
Author(s):  
James E. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Loma Prieta Earthquake ◽  
Technical Content ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town ◽  
Earthquake Reconstruction ◽  
The Way

Decisions regarding reconstruction of earthquake damaged buildings are crucial to the effectiveness of a community's recovery and to its future safety. Two California cities are the focus of a comparison of the formulation and results of reconstruction policies and standards following the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. The Town of Los Gatos and the City of Oakland are very different in size and demography but suffered similar levels of earthquake damage. The technical content of the repair standards and the methods of administration adopted by these two cities provide a contrast in the way local governments handle these issues in the post-earthquake environment. A summary and comparison of the effectiveness of these standards is provided and recommendations are included for efforts to assist and prepare others to establish effective and balanced post-earthquake reconstruction policy.

scholarly journals Participatory Budget as a Tool Supporting the Development of Civil Society in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-79
Author(s):  
Jarosław Kempa ◽  
Artur Roland Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Participatory Budget ◽  
The Town

AbstractAlthough three decades have passed since the fall of communism in Poland, the observed level of social activity in the country is relatively low. Participatory budget emerged as an idea to increase the involvement of citizens in decision-making processes concerning their immediate surroundings. In addition to their inclusion in the activity of local government, this form of citizen participation is expected to have a positive impact on residents’ involvement in activities for the benefit of the local community. The aim of this article is to indicate the conditions that influenced the implementation of the idea of the first participatory budget in Poland and emphasizing the importance of the civic budget in managing public administration through partial decentralization involving local communities in social dialogue for local investment initiatives, especially in large provincial cities in Poland. The following research question was adopted in the paper: has the introduction of a participatory budget in Poland increased social activity and has it been conducive to the development of civil society. In Poland, the initiative to create a civic budget met good political conditions in the relatively small city of Sopot, which had the resources to implement the project. After successful implementation, this initiative was relatively quickly adopted by other Polish local governments, which then on their own introduced social consultations called the civic budget. Not all poviats introduced the civic budget of their own volition. The government, seeing the possibility of political discounting of this new solution, decided to introduce a mandatory participatory budget in town counties and ordered the allocation of funds from their budgets, no less than 1 % of budget expenditure. The article relies on the case-study method, comparative analysis and trend analysis, qualitative and quantitative methods of description, document analysis and statistical data. The analysis focuses on the town of Sopot and provincial capitals. Local conditions are important for understanding the processes of shaping active civic attitudes in Poland, because cities are the poles of development of civil society and give impetus to innovative changes in the entire socio-economic system. The materials used in the article include reports, documents and legal acts regarding the functioning of the town of Sopot.The study showed that the participatory budget indeed activates the local community around various projects. At the same time, the question of directly translating this activity into an increase in the number of organizations, associations and foundations remains debatable. The introduction of the participatory budget to administrative management practice in local-government units in Poland should be considered in terms of the soft power impact of administration on the shaping and development of civil society, which is still in the development stage in Poland.

scholarly journals Una aproximación a la administración municipal comparada. Los casos de los gobiernos locales de Austin y Hermosillo

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Pineda Pablos
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Comparative Politics ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Government Structure ◽  
Political Autonomy ◽  
Local Citizenship ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

Resumen: Este trabajo hace una breve descripción comparada de los gobiernos y administraciones locales de la ciudad de Austin, Texas, y del municipio de Hermosillo, Sonora. El propósito que mueve la comparación es revisar el grado de autonomía y los lazos y vínculos de control existentes en cada gobierno local tanto con respecto a los niveles estatal y federal de gobierno como con la ciudadanía de cada lugar. De este modo se revisan los aspectos del concepto de gobierno local, de la base legal, de la conformación del máximo órgano de gobierno, del ámbito sustantivo de funciones, la estructura financiera de ingreso y gasto y la participación electoral. La conclusión general es que el municipio de Hermosillo se denota por un lado estrechamente atado y controlado por el gobierno estatal y federal y, por otro, con una débil relación con la ciudadanía local. Se aprecia, sin embargo, en el aspecto electoral una fuerte intencionalidad de cambio con base en la alta participación electoral existente en Hermosillo.Palabras clave: Política comparada, Autonomía política, Austin, Hermosillo, estructura de gobierno.Abstract:This work makes a brief comparative description of local governments and administrations of the city of Austin, Texas, and the municipality of Hermosillo, Sonora. The leading purpose is to review the extent of autonomy and control existing in each local government both in relation to state and federal governments and to local citizens. Thus the concepts of local government, legal base, the integration of the highest government unit, the range of substantive functions, financial structure of revenue and expenditure, and electoral participation are reviewed. The general conclusion is that the Hermosillo municipality shows up on the one side closely tied and controlled by state and federal governments and, on the other side, a very weak liaison to local citizenship. However a strong thrust towards change is perceived in the high extent of participation in local elections in Hermosillo.Palabras clave: Comparative politics, Political autonomy, Austin, Hermosillo, Government structure.

scholarly journals How to Deliver Smart Heritage within Local Government: Defining Smart Heritage and Smart Heritage Principles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
David Batchelor
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
City Council ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Heritage Discourse ◽  
The City

<p><b>Local governments are innovatively applying smart city technology to resolve challenges in their jurisdictions. These challenges commonly relate to environmental sustainability, infrastructure, and transportation, and result in novel discourses within local government strategies and operations, such as Smart Environment, Smart Infrastructure, and Smart Mobility. Driven by the success of these discourses, local governments seek further solutions through converging the smart city technology with other disciplines. The next likely convergence is with the heritage discipline, subsequently producing the Smart Heritage discourse. Academic literature records that Smart Heritage is an emergent yet unformed discourse that is on the verge of application within local government. Smart Heritage presents opportunities to converge historical narratives with the automated and autonomous capabilities of smart technology. However, due to its novelty, the local government sector has no guidance on delivering Smart Heritage within strategies and operations. Therefore, this thesis comprehensively explores and defines the Smart Heritage discourse and addresses Smart Heritage's delivery within local government strategies and operations.</b></p> <p>The original contributions to knowledge in this thesis are the first thorough definition of Smart Heritage in academic literature and the production of Smart Heritage Principles, which direct the delivery of Smart Heritage within local government. This thesis firstly defines Smart Heritage through an investigation into the nascent patchwork of academic literature at the intersection of the smart city and heritage disciplines. This definition establishes the discursive framework for the subsequent inquiry into how to deliver Smart Heritage in local government organisations. In this inquiry, the researcher conducts three case studies on local governments in Australia: Broken Hill City Council, the City of Melbourne, and the City of Newcastle. In each case study, the researcher analyses strategic smart city and heritage documents and then interviews their smart city and heritage advisors regarding strategic and operational convergences between the disciplines. The researcher then synthesises the resulting data into cross-case key considerations that contextualise a base understanding of how local governments deliver Smart Heritage. Using this understanding, the researcher conducts a second round of interviews and synthesis that, in turn, produces the refined Smart Heritage Principles. The researcher validates the principles’ relevancy and applicability through an additional case study with Wellington City Council in New Zealand.</p> <p>The research finds that Smart Heritage in the academic literature is nascent yet organically forming around a shared discourse between the smart city and heritage disciplines. As a result, there are numerous understandings of Smart Heritage. Nevertheless, these understandings agree that Smart Heritage convergences historical contextual narratives with automatic and autonomous technologies and advances from the passive Digital Heritage discourse. The case studies find that there is a foundation for Smart Heritage within local government through strategic documents that share similar focuses and advisors who seek multi-disciplinary convergences. However, the disciplines’ overlapping is not explicitly recognised in strategic documents and operational models, leading to inadequate financial and staff resourcing of Smart Heritage and inefficient cross-disciplinary initiatives in local government. The research identifies four thematic key considerations that address delivering Smart Heritage within local government; recognition, delivery, resourcing, and innovation; and proposes four Smart Heritage Principles for local governments to follow in order to deliver the discourse. The researcher presents the principles in an industry-ready document at the end of the thesis.</p> <p>The implications of this research are the increased visibility of Smart Heritage as an academic discourse and support for the delivery of Smart Heritage within local government strategies and operations. Smart Heritage becomes more visible as this research solidifies then illuminates a discursive pathway that researchers can engage with. Importantly, this research presents evidence that Smart Heritage is extant within academic literature and local governments, supporting its position as a constructive academic and practical discourse. The Smart Heritage Principles support the delivery of Smart Heritage within local government strategies and operations through the applied guidance they offer the organisations. As the industry-ready document is the first publication with this focus, the influence on the delivery of Smart Heritage is significant. The researcher aspires to share the Smart Heritage Principles document beyond this research context through its distribution to other councils globally.</p>

scholarly journals ANALISIS KAJIAN POTENSI PROSPEK USAHA JAJANAN MALAM HARIDI KOTA MEDAN

2015 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Nawary Saragih
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Government Funding ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Food And Beverages ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
The City ◽  
Main Attraction

The purpose of this study was to: (1). Describe the main attraction of tourism potential prospects night snacks in Medan. (2). Examines the characteristics of tourists who visit the centers of business prospects night snacks Medan. (3). Assessing the behavior patterns of tourists visiting in the centers of business prospects night snacks Medan. (4). Assessing the perception of tourists to the potential business prospects night snacks in Medan. In order for the city of Medan can become a tourist destination evening snack can be achieved, the necessary development strategies: (1) .Menjaga and create the taste of food and beverages, for example Typical City of Medan. (2). Improve comfort and security of tourists in the centers of the evening snacks. (3). Maintain and enhance the overall area of cleanliness in the centers of the evening snacks. (4). Improve and maintain the appearance of employees in serving tourists. (5). Prices of food and beverages made cheap but the quality is maintained. To take advantage of the vast opportunities, the local government of Medan city are expected to participate more intensively to support the development of snacks in the evening in the city of Medan. The existence of policies and extension is considered to be very helpful in the completion of cooking the evening snacks. In addition, local governments also need to facilitate the growth and development of tourism products industry night snacks with supporters as hardwares local regulations that can accommodate the interests of employers / principals hari.Terkait evening snacks of local government funding can also be a bridge to help the funding recommendation to the entrepreneur evening snacks through cooperatives and banks, one of which is a government-owned bank, Bank of North Sumatra.

scholarly journals XX. Identifications in the Region of Kapilavastu

1906 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-580
Author(s):  
W. Vost
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
The Buddha ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

Do the Chinese pilgrims know two cities named Kapilavastu?Certain discords and bearings in the itineraries of the pilgrims are discussed in the Prefatory Note to Antiquities in the Tarai, Nepal, and from them it is inferred there were two cities named Kapilavastu; one the city visited by Fa-hsien, now represented by the ruins at Piprāhavā; the other that described by Yuan Chwang, of which the “royal precincts” are found in Tilaurā Koṭ, some ten miles to the north-west of Piprāhavā. Paltā Devī is held to mark the site of the town either of the Buddha Krakucandra or of the Buddha Koṇāgamana; or Sisaniā Pānḍe may represent the town of Koṇāgamana. Guṭihavā is believed to represent the site of the famous Nyagrodha grove.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH DANA ALOKASI UMUM DAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH TERHADAP BELANJA PEMERINTAH DAERAH KOTA MANADO

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferly Christian Kolinug ◽  
Anderson Guntur Kumenaung ◽  
Debby Christina Rotinsulu
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Flypaper Effect ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
The City

ABSTRAK Pelaksanaan desentralisasi dibiayai atas beban Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) sehingga pembiayaan pembangunan secara bertahap akan menjadi beban terhadap pemerintah daerah. Keadaan ini akan semakin memperkuat tekanan internal dari keuangan daerah, karena peranan sumbangan dan bantuan pusat dalam pembiayaan pembangunan daerah akan semakin kecil. Bantuan pusat dalam pembiayaan pembangunan hanya akan diberikan untuk menunjang pengeluaran pemerintah, khususnya untuk belanja pegawai dan program-program pembangunan yang hendak dicapai. Hal ini berarti bahwa seiring dengan berjalannya otonomi, dana transfer yang diberikan oleh pemerintah pusat ke pemerintah daerah mulai berkurang dan yang menjadi sumber utama pembiayaan daerah adalah pendapatan dari daerah sendiri. Transfer Pemerintah Pusat khususnya yang didominasi oleh transfer tidak bersyarat yaitu DAU dan DBH menjadi sumber dana utama dalam menunjang pembiayaan pembangunan yang ada di Kota Manado, hal ini mengindikasikan adanya fenomena flypaper effect pada Kota Manado. Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah performa kinerja keuangan daerah untuk mengetahui apakah transfer atau DAU plus DBH dari pemerintah pusat dan PAD berpengaruh terhadap belanja pemerintah daerah (BD) Kota Manado serta untuk mendeteksi terjadinya flypaper effect. Data yang dipakai menggunakan data time series dengan periode anggaran tahun 2006-2012. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah model analisis rasio dan model ekonometrik, dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil analisis rasio menunjukkan kemandirian dan derajat desentralisasi memiliki trend positif, akan tetapi masih sangat bergantung pada dana transfer pusat, juga ditemukan  produktivitas dan efektivitas belanja daerah (BD) terjadi penurunan. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa DAU dan PAD secara terpisah maupun serentak berpengaruh positif terhadap Belanja Daerah dan  pengaruh PAD terhadap BD lebih besar daripada pengaruh DAU terhadap BD dan memberikan bukti tentang tidak adanya keberadaan flypaper effect. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Pemerintah Daerah Kota Manado dalam memprediksi Belanja Daerahnya (BD) lebih mengutamakan kemampuan keuangannya sendiri yang diproksi dari penerimaan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD).   Kata kunci:      Kinerja Keuangan Daerah, Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD),  Flypaper Effect. ABSTRACT The implementation of decentralization be financed at the expense of the Regional Budget (APBD) so that development financing will gradually become a burden for local governments. This situation will further strengthen the internal pressure of the financial area, because the role of donations and assistance in financing the regional development center will be smaller. Central assistance in development financing will only be granted to support government spending, particularly for personnel expenditure and development programs to be achieved. This means that over autonomy, transfer of funds given by the central government to local governments began to decrease and become the main source of funding is the revenue from the region itself. Central Government Transfers particularly dominated by unconditional transfer that DAU and DBH become a major source of funding to support the financing of development in the city of Manado, it indicates that the phenomenon of flypaper on the city of Manado. The research examined the performance of the financial performance area to determine whether the transfer or DAU plus DBH of the central government and the PAD influence on local government expenditures (BD) as well as the city of Manado for detecting the occurrence of flypaper. The data used using time series data with the 2006-2012 budget period. The analytical method used is the ratio analysis models and econometric models, using secondary data. Results of the analysis showed the ratio of self-reliance and degree of decentralization has a positive trend, but still highly dependent on the transfer of funds center, also found the productivity and effectiveness of expenditure areas (BD) decline. Regression analysis showed that DAU and PAD separately or simultaneously positive effect on regional expenditures and the effect of PAD to BD is greater than the influence of the DAU to BD and provide evidence about the absence of the existence of flypaper. This indicates that the Local Government Area of ​​Manado in predicting Shopping (BD) prefers his own financial capabilities are a proxy of acceptance revenue (PAD).   Keywords: Financial Performance Regional Budget (APBD), flypaper.

scholarly journals DINAMIKA IMPLEMENTASI PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Namlis
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Structuring of local government has been through various regulations and dynamics in its implementation, since the era of independence until the reform era. The substitution and refinement of a law to its refinement brings implications for the arrangement of powers and affairs undertaken by local governments. Aksentuasinya grapple on what to do in the local government to provide services and realize the welfare of the people. Finally up to the Act No. 23 of 2014 is strengthening the balance of authority between the provincial and district / city government and community involvement in the development process. Previously become the government authorities kew Kabagan / the city then became the affairs and authority of the provincial government.  

scholarly journals Kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Pasar Tradisional di Kota Probolinggo

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Pungky Praja Jatmika
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Market Environment ◽  
The Real ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Traditional Market ◽  
The City

Condition of traditional markets in the city of Probolinggo are considered uncomfortable for traders and consumers. Many parts of the physical buildings have damaged, lack of trash, sewage that has been closed, lack of lighting and the number of traders who are selling in the hall because they do not get stall. Vehicles parking around the market has also resulted in traffic congestion as well as vehicles belonging to traders and shoppers that coming / leaving the market. The markets condition as illustrated above, especially in pasar Baru market of Probolinggo city need to get more attention from multiple parties especially market stakeholders and specially from local government as manager. Although local governments have made efforts to empower pasar Baru as a competitive traditional market, the results have not been able to resolve the real problems. This research is qualitative research with fenomenological approach as it is suitable with social characteristics of traders and traditional market visitors. This research found that the local government of Probolinggo city still need to increase its attention in the improvement of pasar Baru management. These attentions should consider (1) the urgency to increase the cleanliness of the market environment, (2) the urgency of parking rearrangement to overcome the congestion, (3) the urgency of physical revitalization building so that the physical appearance of the building as a modern market, (4) the urgency of revitalization of comprehensive market layout architecture

scholarly journals Analisis Konsistensi Perencanaan dan Penganggaran Urusan Pendidikan di Kota Solok Tahun 2016-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Sridarnilawati Sridarnilawati ◽  
Suhairi Suhairi ◽  
Vima Tista Putriana
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Regional Performance ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

The preparation of planning and budgeting documents greatly contributes to the achievement of regional performance. Consistency in planning and budgeting is an indicator in assessing the performance of local governments. The object of this research is educational affairs. Education affairs are given top priority for the local government of Kota Solok. It is intended that the budget for education affairs reaches more than 20% of the total regional expenditure budget. Types of data are secondary data and primary data. Secondary data are RPJMD, RKPD, KUA, PPAS and APBD and LAKIP while primary data is neglecting to interview members of the Regional Government Budget Team (TAPD), BAPPEDA and OPD who are responsible for Educational Affairs. Assessment of the consistency of planning and budgeting uses the Planning and Budgeting Consolidated Matrix (MKPP) and the causes of inconsistency are interviews with informants who understand and know this. The results of this research consistency of planning and budgeting for educational affairs is very good. The causes of inconsistency in planning and budgeting documents are that the proposed Special Allocation Fund (DAK) was not approved by the Central Government, the intervention of the Government and Members of the Council, the existence of regulations from the Central Government. Analysis of the achievement of the performance of education affairs in the City of Solok shows that in general the achievement of the indicators of education affairs has not been achieved because the achievement of indicators according to each year is.

scholarly journals Research on the Evolution of Collusion between Government and Civil Construction Enterprises in Environmental Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 02053
Author(s):  
Cao Yingying
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Optimal Strategy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Regional Migration ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
Emission Behavior ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Way

Polluting civil construction enterprises usually use the way of "voting with their feet" to exert influence on the efforts of local government's environmental regulation, promote the formation of collusion between government and enterprises, and make the local government relax the supervision on the emission behavior of civil construction enterprises. Based on the Tibert model, this paper uses the evolutionary game method to study the collusion between government and enterprises in the cross regional migration of civil construction enterprises and its prevention. The results show that: when the civil construction enterprises comply with the production, the local government's optimal strategy is non collusion strategy; similarly, when the local government is not willing to collude, the non-collusion choice of civil construction enterprises will get higher benefits than collusion. In addition, the cost of civil construction enterprises transferring between different regions, the loss caused by the collusion between civil construction enterprises and local governments, and the probability of local government violations being found can effectively prevent the collusion between local governments and civil construction enterprises.

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