scholarly journals Cobalamin, Folate and Pyridoxal 5- Phosphate Level of Smokers in Calabar Cross River State

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 15s-15s
Author(s):  
I. Okafor ◽  
G. Uzoma ◽  
L. Nvani
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Phosphate Level ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Smoking among individuals remains a major health problem worldwide as it is associated with certain disease conditions and decrease in concentration of several vitamins. Aim: This study was aimed at providing information on cobalamin, folate and pyridoxal 5-phosphate levels of male cigarette smokers within Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Methods: Ninety adult male subjects participated in the study with 60 as cigarette smokers and 30 as nonsmokers. Serum cobalamin and folate levels were estimated using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique while packed cell volume was estimated using microhematocrit method. Vitamin B6 status was determined using fasting plasma concentrations of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate. Plasma PLP was measured by quantification of its semicarbazide derivative using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Results: Results show that male cigarette smokers had significantly higher packed cell volume ( P = 0.014) and serum cobalamin ( P = 0.005) and there was no significant difference in folate level of cigarette smokers ( P = 0.375) when compared with noncigarette smokers. Pyridoxal 5-phosphate was found to be significantly higher ( P = 0.00) in nonsmokers when compared with smokers. It was also shown that duration of smoking does not have significant effect on the serum level of cobalamin (0.09), folate ( P = 0.06) and pyridoxal 5-phosphate (0.15) respectively. The result also show that there was no significant correlation ( P = 0.095, 0.085 and 0.197) between number of sticks smoked per day and serum cobalamin, folate and pyridoxal 5-phosphate level of male cigarette smokers respectively. Conclusion: While smoking is known to have hazardous effect on health, this study has shown that smoking and duration of smoking does not affect serum cobalamin, folate and pyridoxal 5-phosphate level of male cigarette smokers living within Calabar Cross River State, Nigeria.

18 Genetic and Phenotypic Parameters for Aleutian Disease Tests and Their Correlations with Pelt Quality, Reproductive Performance, Packed-cell Volume, and Harvest Length in Mink

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
Guoyu Hu ◽  
Duy Ngoc Do ◽  
Karim Karimi ◽  
Younes Miar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Aleutian disease (AD) is an untreatable immune complex disease in mink and brings tremendous economic losses to the mink industry globally. The ineffectiveness of culling, immunoprophylaxis, and medical treatment in controlling AD have urged mink farmers to select AD-resilient mink based on the AD tests. However, the genetic analysis of these tests and their correlations with AD-resilient traits have not been investigated. In this study, data on 5,824 mink were used to estimate the genetic and phenotypic parameters of four AD tests, including two systems of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP), and iodine agglutination test (IAT), and their genetic and phenotypic correlations with pelt quality, reproductive performance, packed-cell volume (PCV), and harvest length (HL). Significance (P < 0.05) of fixed effects (sex, year, color type, the number of mating, and dam age), covariates (age at blood sampling and age at harvest), and random effects (additive genetic, permanent environmental, and maternal effects) were determined using univariate models. The genetic and phenotypic parameters for all traits were estimated under bivariate models using ASReml 4.1. Estimated heritabilities (±SE) were 0.39±0.05, 0.61±0.07, 0.11±0.07, and 0.26±0.05 for antigen-based ELISA (ELISA-G), virus capsid protein-based ELISA, CIEP, and IAT, respectively. The ELISA-G showed moderate repeatability (0.58±0.04) and significant (P < 0.05) negative genetic correlations (±SE) with reproductive performance traits (from -0.41±0.16 to -0.49±0.12), PCV (-0.53±0.09), and HL (-0.45±0.16). These results indicated that the selection of mink with a lower ELISA-G score could not only decrease the anti-AMDV antibody level and the extent of anemia but also improve the female reproductive performance and the harvest length of mink without causing adverse influences on the pelt quality. Hence, ELISA-G could be applied as an indicator for genetic selection of AD-resilient mink and help mink farmers reduce the adverse effects of AD.

scholarly journals Cadmium, Cobalt, Lead and Zinc Levels in Soil and Edible Vegetables in Yala Urban Area of Cross River State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 835-838
Author(s):  
M.A. Akpe ◽  
P.U. Ubua ◽  
I.B. Onyebuenyi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dry Seasons

The average level of cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in the soil and edible vegetables samples collected randomly in Yala Urban Area of Cross River State was determined using flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. The samples were digested and analyzed for the metals level or concentration in Chemistry Laboratory, University of Calabar. The eight vegetables selected for the study were Amaranthus spp., Corchorusolitorius, Murraya koenigii, Ocimum grattissimum, Solanum melongena, Talinum triangulare, Telferia occidentalis and Vernonia amygdalina. The results indicated that the average level of the metals in the soil in mgkg-1 ranged from (0.005-0.021) and (0.004-0.019) in rainy and dry seasons respectively for Cadmium, (0.162- 0.475) and (0.163- 0.472) in rainy and dry season respectively for Cobalt, and (0.434-1.030) and (0.432-1.027) in rainy and dry season respectively for Zinc. Also, the average level of the metals accumulated by the vegetables in mgkg-1 ranged from (0.002-0.009) and (0.001- 0.007) in rainy and dry season respectively for Cadmium, (0.050-0.198) and (0.048-0.195) in rainy and dry season respectively for Cobalt, and (0.158-0.383) and (0.156-0.380) in rainy and dry season respectively for Zinc. The level of Lead in the soil or vegetables was not detected. The average level of metals accumulated by the vegetables and that present in the soil was in the order: Zinc > Cobalt > Cadmium > Lead. These results revealed that there is no significant difference between the level of metals in the soil or that accumulated by the vegetables in rainy and dry seasons of the year. Also the level of metals accumulated by most of the vegetables was directly proportional to the amount present in the soil where they are planted. The Target Hazard Quotients of these metals was less than 1. These results imply that the concentration of Cadmium, Cobalt, Zinc and Lead in the soil and vegetables were still low and within the permissible limits of World Health Organization. Thus, the consumption of the vegetables in the area may not pose any health risk for now. Keywords: Heavy metals, Concentration, Soil, Edible vegetables.

EFFECT OF AGE AND PLANE OF NUTRITION ON THE BLOOD CHEMISTRY OF THE COLUMBIAN BLACK-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS HEMIONUS COLUMBIANUS): A. PACKED-CELL VOLUME, SEDIMENTATION RATE, AND HEMOGLOBIN

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Kitts ◽  
P. J. Bandy ◽  
A. J. Wood ◽  
I. McT. Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effect Of Age

A study has been made of the normal chemistry of the blood constituents of the Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) in relation to growth and the caloric plane of nutrition. The results showed a significant difference of packed-cell volume and hemoglobin level between the two age groups of experimental animals, while no significant differences were found in the sedimentation rates. The high and low imposed planes of nutrition did not bring about a significant difference in packed-cell volume, sedimentation rate, or hemoglobin value.

scholarly journals Effect of pregnancy on packed cell volume and total white blood cells count among Sudanese pregnant women attending antenatal care at Ribat University Hospital (Khartoum state)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Wafa Mubarak M. Ahmed ◽  
Abdurrahman Khalid ◽  
O. A. Musa
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Values ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: During pregnancy the women undergo several structural and physiological changes almost in all body systems including the hematological profile. The main reported hematological change is the plasma expansion and haemodilution which affect the red blood cells(RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs) count in addition to other hematological indices including packed cell volume (PCV). The objective of this study was to assess the effect of pregnancy on packed cell volume and white blood cells among Sudanese pregnant women and derive a formula for the normal values in pregnant women in relation to the packed cell volume.Methods: An analytical case control study was conducted in Khartoum state, Sudan 2017. The study included20 Sudanese pregnant women in the second and third trimesters attending the antenatal care at The National Ribat university hospital and 20 Sudanese non-pregnant women in the same age group as control. A questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data.5ml of venous blood was collected in a container containing EDTA. Complete blood count (CBC) was measured by using automated cell counter Sysmex.Results: There was statistically significant decrease in PCV value during 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy compared to the non-pregnant control group with p values (0.00 and 0.04 respectively), and statistically significant increase in WBCs count during 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy compared to the non-pregnant control group with p values (0.04 and 0.00 respectively). Also, a progressive increase in WBCs count with gestational age was demonstrated (second trimester 6.65×103/uL, third trimester 7.43×103/uL). The results showed mean WBCs of 7.79×103/uL, when compared to the estimated values the results showed no significant difference with the mean WBCs in 2ndand 3rdtrimesters (p value 0.06 and 0.39 respectively).Conclusions: During pregnancy there was statistically significant decrease in PCV values, statistically significant increase in WBCs count and by considering the haemodilution factor there was a higher increase in WBCs count.

Diagnosis of Lymphatic Filariasis Using Immunochromatography and Microscopy in Three Local Government Areas of Cross River State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Maurice ◽  
E.U Sode ◽  
I.B Otu-Bassey
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Significant Difference

Human Lymphatic filariasis (LF) caused by three types of filarial worms; Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Brugiatimori is one of the neglected tropical diseases and spread by bites of infected Anopheles, Culex, Aedes, Ochleratus andMansoni mosquitoes. The study evaluated diagnostic methods using blood samples from 420 consented participants in threeLocal Government Areas of Cross River State. Blood samples were examined following one hour of administration ofDiethylcarbamazine citrate for LF microfilaria microscopy (Knott’s concentration) and for LF antigen usingimmunochromatographic (ICT) method (Alere filariasis test strip). Of the 420 samples examined, 1.7% was found to bepositive using microscopy while 4.8% were positive using ICT. There was no significant difference in the diagnosis oflymphatic filariasis using microscopy and ICT among participants in the local government areas (χ2= 21.84, p>0.05). Of the214 males and 206 females examined, 4.2% males and 5.3% females tested positive using ICT while 1.4% males and 1.9%females were found positive using microscopy. The difference in the infection between gender was statistically significant(χ2=0.298, p<0.05). Participants aged 21-24 years had the highest prevalence of 19.4% while the least prevalence of 1.5%was observed among age group 9-12years using ICT. Also, no significant difference was observed in the diagnosis of LFamong the age groups (χ2= 19.88, p>0.05). The study showed that LF still remains a public health problem in Cross RiverState. Mass drug administration should be scaled up in the state so as to reduce and finally eradicate the disease. Keywords: Diagnosis, Lymphatic filariasis, Immunochromatography, Microscopy

scholarly journals Cognitive Status Correlates with CXCL10/IP-10 Levels in Parkinson’s Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Pessoa Rocha ◽  
Paula Luciana Scalzo ◽  
Izabela Guimarães Barbosa ◽  
Mariana Soares Souza ◽  
Isabela Boechat Morato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms are of great interest in Parkinson’s disease (PD), since they are very common and lead to increased disability with poor quality of life. Inflammatory mechanisms have been implicated in PD and its nonmotor symptoms. In the current pilot study, we aimed to evaluate plasma levels of chemokines in PD patients and to analyze the putative association of chemokines with depressive symptoms and cognitive performance. We hypothesized that higher chemokines levels are associated with worse cognitive performance and increased depressive symptoms in PD. For this purpose, 40 PD patients and 25 age- and gender-matched controls were subjected to a clinical evaluation including cognitive and mood tests. Peripheral blood was drawn and plasma levels of CCL2/MCP-1, CCL11/eotaxin, CCL24/eotaxin-2, and CXCL10/IP-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PD patients and control individuals presented comparable plasma concentrations of all the evaluated chemokines. In PD patients, CXCL10/IP-10 plasma levels correlated positively with Hoehn and Yahr staging scale. In addition, the higher CXCL10/IP-10 levels, the worse performance on cognitive tests. Although there was no significant difference between PD patients and control individuals regarding chemokines levels, our preliminary results showed that CXCL10/IP-10 may be associated with cognitive status in PD.

Circulating Dopamine: Its Effect on the Plasma Concentrations of Catecholamines, Renin, Angiotensin, Aldosterone and Vasopressin in the Conscious Dog

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Ball ◽  
M. Tree ◽  
J. J. Morton ◽  
G. C. Inglis ◽  
R. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Dopamine Infusion ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Arterial Blood

1. Six male beagle dogs with carotid loops were infused with sodium chloride solution (150 mmol/l: saline) during control observations followed by dopamine infusion at various rates. Arterial blood samples were drawn during the control period and at the end of each period of dopamine infusion for the measurement of plasma dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, vasopressin, electrolytes and packed cell volume. Blood pressure and pulse were recorded throughout. 2. The rate of infusion and plasma dopamine levels were closely correlated (r = 0.99, P < 0.001). Plasma dopamine levels two to 20 times basal values produced no significant change in any of the other variables measured; levels 200 times basal values caused a significant increase (P < 0.05) in plasma renin concentration; levels 2000 times basal values were associated with significant increases (P < 0.05) in plasma renin and angiotensin II, packed cell volume and blood pressure, without significant changes in other measurements. 3. Circulating dopamine is unlikely to be important in the control of sodium and water metabolism.

scholarly journals Comparative effect of genotype and season on the haematological profile of two laying chicken strains in southwest Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Young Imienwain Irivboje ◽  
Adeboye Olusesan Fafiolu ◽  
Muyideen Timothy Sanni ◽  
Oluwabusayo Adewunmi Irivboje ◽  
Christian Obiora Ndubuisi Ikeobi
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Tropical Condition ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Haematological Profile

AbstractHaematological studies help in understanding the relationship of blood characteristics to the environment. One of the major environmental factors influencing haematological indicators is season. This study was aimed at the variation in haematological profiles of two strains of laying birds at different seasons. We therefore evaluated the effects of genotype and season on the haematological profile in two strains of laying birds – Dominant brown (D-192) and Hyline brown in the tropics. A total of 50 birds per strain at 30 weeks of age were randomly selected for this study. Packed cell volume (PCV) and platelets were obtained using microhaematocrit whereas red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC) were counted using a haemocytometer. The result obtained showed that there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the haematological profile of the birds in the two seasons compared (rainy and dry seasons). The haematological indices obtained during the rainy season had significantly higher mean values in packed cell volume (29.65 ± 0.32%), red blood cells (2.65 ± 0.03 × 1012/L), haemoglobin (100.1 ± 0.11 g/L) and eosinophil (2.5 ± 0.16%) while those obtained during the dry season had a higher significant effect on the white blood cells (19.16 ± 0.36 × 109/L). The results further revealed that between the strains, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in most of the indicators analysed but Hyline brown had significantly higher values (P < 0.05) of eosinophils and platelets. We concluded that the observed differences could be a result of genetic differences between the two strains of birds which gives room for selection and that the rainy season is more favourable for laying birds production under tropical condition.

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