scholarly journals GOVERNMENT REGIME AND POLITICAL REGIME: ARE SYNONIMOUS OR NOT?

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Алексей Осавелюк ◽  
Aleksey Osavelyuk
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
National Treatment ◽  
Domestic Literature ◽  
Industry Research ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Theory Of Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Public Mode

By this time in the domestic literature on theory of law and constitutional law were discrepancies in the definition of "political regime", "national treatment", "public-political regime." Getting to the analysis of this issue, it should be borne in mind that the concept of "political regime" first appeared in the theory of law and, with few exceptions, are still dominated by specialists in scientific works in the area of knowledge. The concept of "public mode" generated mainly by scientists-constitutionalists and can more accurately reflect the events specified industry research. On the basis of analysis of scientific literature, law, legislation and legal practice shows the causes of the current situation, as well as the developed author´s position about the features and the differences of state and political regimes, suggests possible areas of their application in Russia and in foreign countries.

scholarly journals Right to privacy: a review of international and national legislation

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-266
Author(s):  
S. Zhetpisov ◽  
G. Esimkhanova ◽  
А. Baidildina
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Confidential Information ◽  
Information Barriers ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of

The article explores the role and importance of confidential information in the life of modern society, focuses on the problems of ensuring the legal protection of confidential information. The degree of personal freedom in the state, democracy and humanity of the political regime depends on how guaranteed the confidentiality of information is, the secrets of the private life of citizens, how deeply a state can penetrate the content of these secrets. As a result of the study, theoretical statements were formulated proving the existence of the institution of confidential information, its significance in the development of communicative relations was determined, a classification of existing types of confidential information in the legal system of the Republic of Kazakhstan was proposed with substantiation of its practical significance, the definition of secrecy in legislation was outlined, characteristics. Many of these problems have not been previously studied independently or are not sufficiently developed or require rethinking in relation to the new conditions of life in the country. Recently, there have been positive developments in terms of overcoming the previously established stereotypes of the secrecy cult. Many information barriers have been eliminated; methods of administrative-command management of information flows are eliminated. The general civilization process of creating the global information space implies greater openness of states. At the same time, the formation of a new statehood based on the principles of democracy, legality, the desire for more active cooperation with foreign countries based on the openness of the parties does not exclude the need to maintain state secrets and other types of confidential information.

scholarly journals INTERCHANGEABILITY OF VIRAL VACCINES FOR IMMUNIZATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
I. I. Snegireva ◽  
M. A. Darmostukova ◽  
K. E. Zatolochina ◽  
A. S. Kazakov ◽  
R. N. Alyautdin
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Preventive Vaccination ◽  
Guidance Documents ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Clear Line

The review presents the results of the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature on the interchangeability of hepatitis A, B and influenza vaccines. The WHO materials, regulatory documents, data from scientific literature of foreign countries and Russia about the vaccine interchangeability are summarized. The problem of objective assessment of interchangeability of drugs is relevant worldwide. The definition of an “interchangeable drug” does not draw a clear line between the interoperability criteria for chemical and immunobiological drugs. The official guidance documents on immunization adopted in several countries define “interchangeability” as the practice of transition from a vaccine available from a certain manufacturer to a similar vaccine available from another manufacturer. The term “interchangeable” can be applied to immunobiological drugs if one of the drugs can be replaced with the other in the course of vaccination. The concept of interchangeability applies to vaccines that do not differ in efficacy (immunological, preventive, epidemiological) and safety and are used in an immunization course involving multiple administration of these vaccines. The definition of interchangeability is important in order to address the problem of replacing unidirectional vaccines available from different manufacturers when purchasing vaccines included in the national schedule of preventive vaccinations and in the schedule of preventive vaccination on epidemic indications. One of the most important conditions for “interchangeability” of vaccines is their application in accordance with the recommended schedule of administration and the dosage indicated by the manufacturer. Research data show that vaccines can be interchangeable if used in accordance with the recommended schedule of administration and the dosage specified by the manufacturer. Control agencies of many countries issue recommendations regulating the procedure of vaccine replacement in case of necessity. However, there are no special regulations of vaccine interchangeability in Russia. The concept of vaccine “interchangeability” should be extended to the continuation of a course of vaccinations in a particular person with a vaccine of another manufacturer and the possibility of applying similar vaccines available from different manufacturers.

scholarly journals Tax Mediation as a Tools for Resolving Tax Disputes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (525) ◽  
pp. 318-325
Author(s):  
I. K. Shushakova ◽  
◽  
I. D. Hrabova ◽  
I. V. Demianova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Mediation Process ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Negative Factors

The article is concerned with the theoretical and practical issues of resolving tax disputes with the help of such tools as tax mediation. The article is aimed at examining the essence of the institute of tax mediation as an effective tools for pre-trial resolution of tax disputes, taking into account the experience of foreign countries. Statistics on the consideration of tax disputes in administrative order are provided. Approaches to interpretation of the essence of tax mediation in scientific papers are studied. The authors’ own definition of tax mediation is presented, by which is meant the method of resolving tax disputes between tax authorities and taxpayers, based on the principles of presumption of the legitimacy of decisions and the integrity of the taxpayer, allowing to resolve tax disputes at the stage of pre-trial proceedings with the participation of a mediator. The purpose, objectives, principles of tax mediation are provided. The effects of tax mediation, causing influence on both tax authorities and taxpayers, are determined. The positive and negative factors of tax mediation use are closer defined. The analysis of foreign experience in the implementation of the mediation mechanism for resolving tax disputes is carried out. Also the subject composition of the tax mediation process is closer defined. The principles of mediators’ activity: voluntariness, neutrality and confidentiality are analyzed. The experience of foreign countries, namely: the Netherlands, the USA, Germany, Great Britain, Belgium, Canada on the implementation and implementation of tax mediation is characterized. The analysis of the experience of foreign countries shows that legal practice of taxation has an extremely rich instrumentarium for alternative settlement of tax disputes Proposals for the regulation of the tax mediation mechanism at the legislative level are developed.

Typologization of security regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Denis Tikhomirov
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Procedural Understanding ◽  
Limited Ability ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal Understanding

The purpose of the article is to typologize terminological definitions of security, to find out the general, to identify the originality of their interpretations depending on the subject of legal regulation. The methodological basis of the study is the methods that made it possible to obtain valid conclusions, in particular, the method of comparison, through which it became possible to correlate different interpretations of the term "security"; method of hermeneutics, which allowed to elaborate texts of normative legal acts of Ukraine, method of typologization, which made it possible to create typologization groups of variants of understanding of the term "security". Scientific novelty. The article analyzes the understanding of the term "security" in various regulatory acts in force in Ukraine. Typological groups were understood to understand the term "security". Conclusions. The analysis of the legal material makes it possible to confirm that the issues of security are within the scope of both legislative regulation and various specialized by-laws. However, today there is no single conception on how to interpret security terminology. This is due both to the wide range of social relations that are the subject of legal regulation and to the relativity of the notion of security itself and the lack of coherence of views on its definition in legal acts and in the scientific literature. The multiplicity of definitions is explained by combinations of material and procedural understanding, static - dynamic, and conditioned by the peculiarities of a particular branch of legal regulation, limited ability to use methods of one or another branch, the inter-branch nature of some variations of security, etc. Separation, common and different in the definition of "security" can be used to further standardize, in fact, the regulatory legal understanding of security to more effectively implement the legal regulation of the security direction.

Covert Action: United States Law in Substance, Process, and Practice

2010 ◽  
pp. 586-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Baker
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Covert Action ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Traditional Activity ◽  
The U.S

This article discusses covert action within the context of the U.S. law. The first section describes the main elements of the U.S. legal regime, including the definition of covert action and the “traditional activity” exceptions, the elements of a covert action finding, and the thresholds and requirements for congressional notification. The second section describes some of the significant limitations on the conduct of covert action. The third section discusses the nature of executive branch legal practice in this area of the law. And the last section draws conclusions about the role of national security law within the context of covert action.

ПИТАННЯ МОВЛЕННЄВОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ В НАУКОВІЙ ЛІТЕРАТУРІ

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. О. Лапіна
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Definition Of

У статті здійснено аналіз різних позицій на визначення поняття «мовленнєва компетентність» у науковій літературі з лінгводидактики та психології.Ключові слова: мовленнєва компетентність/компетенція, мовна компетентність/компетенція.  Analysis of different points of view on the definition of `speech competence` in scientific literature on Linguodidactics and Psychology. Key words: speech competence/competency, language competence/competency.

scholarly journals ЗАГАЛЬНОВИРОБНИЧІ ВИТРАТИ: КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОГО ТА ЗАРУБІЖНОГО ДОСВІДУ ОБЛІКОВОГО ВІДОБРАЖЕННЯ

2014 ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
М. В. Тюхтій ◽  
О. Г. Пономаренко
Keyword(s):  
Cost Allocation ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Enterprise Performance ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Overhead Cost ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Difficulties

Повне визнання, розподіл та облікове відображен-ня загальновиробничих витрат має безпосереднійвплив на достовірність визначення собівартості, щокорелює з показниками результатів діяльності під-приємства. Методичні труднощі для практикуючогобухгалтера становить процес віднесення загальнови-робничих витрат до постійних і змінних, оскільки цейподіл в окремих ситуаціях має ознаки умовного. Це жстосується й визначення показника «нормальна по-тужність». Вітчизняні та зарубіжні наукові розроб-ки з означеної проблематики стосуються, передусім,вибору оптимальної бази розподілу загальновиробни-чих витрат. Дослідження проводилися у напрямі по-рівняльного аналізу різних варіантів баз розподілувитрат та їх адаптації до специфіки виробничогопроцесу в окремих галузях економіки. Увага такожнадається методичним підходам включення загаль-новиробничих витрат у собівартість реалізації заумов визначення її за нормами П(С)БО 16 «absorptioncost» та згідно з популярним у розвинених зарубіжнихкраїнах підходом «direct-costing», а також у світлівимог податкового законодавства. Full recognition, distribution and registration reflection overhead cost has a direct impact on the reliability of the determination of cost, which correlates with indicators of enterprise performance. Methodological difficulties for practicing accountant is the process of attributing overhead costs to fixed and variable, since this division in some situations a conventional signs. The same applies to the determination of "normal capacity". Domestic and foreign research and development of the abovementioned issues relating primarily base choosing the optimal allocation of overhead costs. Research conducted towards comparative analysis of different options cost allocation bases and their adaptation to the specific manufacturing process in specific sectors of the economy. Attention is also provided technical approaches include overheads in cost of sales in terms of its definition of the norms P (S) BU 16 «absorption cost» and according to popular in developed foreign countries approach «direct-costing», as well as in light of the requirements of the tax legislation.

scholarly journals O novo paradigma da decisão a partir do art. 20 da LINDB: análise do dispositivo segundo as teorias de Richard Posner e Neil MacCormick

2019 ◽  
Vol 278 (3) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Francisco Sérgio Maia Alves
Keyword(s):  
Legal Practice ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Do So

<p>The new paradigm of decision based on art. 20 of the LINDB: analysis of the text according to the theories of Richard Posner and Neil MacCormick</p><p> </p><p>O presente trabalho visa analisar o art. 20 da Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro (LINDB), introduzido pela Lei nº 13.655/2018. Para tanto, será mostrado como os valores jurídicos foram excluídos e novamente reintroduzidos na prática jurídica e como essa reintrodução gerou preocupações quanto ao aumento da discricionariedade da aplicação do direito. O artigo apresentará as teorias pragmática e consequencialista, segundo a doutrina de dois de seus principais expoentes, Richard Posner e Neil MacCormick. No afã de cumprir o objetivo central do artigo, serão delimitados os conceitos de valores jurídicos abstratos e consequências práticas da decisão, no contexto do art. 20 da LINDB, e, por fim, definido o espaço de aplicação do dispositivo.</p><p> </p><p>This work aims to analyze art. 20 of the Law of Introduction to the Rules of Brazilian Law (LINDB), or Law No. 13.655/2018. To do so, it will be shown how legal values were excluded and reintroduced in legal practice and how this reintroduction raised concerns regarding the increase of discretion in the application of the law. The article will present pragmatic and consequentialist theories, in line with the doctrine of two of its main exponents, Richard Posner and Neil MacCormick. In order to meet the key objective of the article, the concepts of abstract legal values and practical consequences of the decision will be described in the context of art. 20 of the LINDB, concluding with a definition of the area in which the law is applied.</p>

scholarly journals ON THE FORMATION OF LEGAL AND SCIENTIFIC BASES OF ENSURING THE SAFETY OF CRITICAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 644-654
Author(s):  
N.M. Kurbatov
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Information Infrastructure ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Critical Information ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of

The concept of critical information infrastructure is analyzed. The history of its formation and consolidation in the legal space of Russian legislation is considered. The article studies the experience of foreign countries in the field of ensuring information security in general and protecting critical infrastructure in particular. The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the course taken by the Russian Federation for the development of the information society in the country, as well as the need to protect significant information systems and resources of state authorities. The author of the article reveals the terms included in the definition of critical information infrastructure, enshrined in the legislation of the Russian Federation. In conclusion, the main problems of the considered regulatory legal acts are highlighted, recommendations are given on the further development of the information security system of critical infrastructure.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ALTAIR + LLC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Katranzhy ◽  
◽  
Kateryna Novik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Important System

The theoretical bases of essence of management of financial and economic safety of the enterprise are investigated. It is noted that in the scientific literature there is a huge number of opinions on the essence of the concept of financial and economic security, which is quite new in domestic economics. It is established that financial and economic security is an important system for ensuring the resilience of the enterprise to the changing external environment, and therefore consists of many effectively interconnected elements. The high level of financial and economic security of the enterprise is due only to a well-thought-out concept that operates at a particular enterprise and includes means, measures and methods to ensure financial stability and economic development of the enterprise. The process of managing the financial and economic security of the enterprise is divided into several successive stages: clear definition of the interests of the enterprise, forecasting possible threats, assessing the level of financial and economic security of the enterprise and comparing it with the normative, budgeting of financial and economic security, feedback in the implementation of measures by adjusting them. It is revealed that the integrated approach in the assessment of the level of financial and economic security of the enterprise is the most acceptable for domestic enterprises due to the coverage of a large number of important performance indicators in one integrated indicator. We have improved the method of assessing the level of financial and economic security of the enterprise, proposed by scientists N.V. Bondarchuk and M. Humenchuk, in accordance with the specifics of the activities of Altair + LLC. Along with the financial gaps, which these scientists propose to analyze in the process of assessing the financial and economic security of the enterprise, we proposed to analyze the technical, organizational, personnel and integration characteristics. It has been proved that the improved methodology is effective and allows to objectively assess the financial and economic security of Altair + LLC, as well as to identify reserves for improving the company.

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