scholarly journals Bedouin Youth in Israel: Gender-Related Smoking and Non-Smoking Attitudes and Behaviour

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Isralowitz ◽  
Alexander Reznik ◽  
Steven Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Gender Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smoking Attitudes

AbstractThe Bedouin are Muslim Arabs who have inhabited the Negev desert region of Israel under nomadic and seminomadic conditions for centuries. Today, the majority are living in urban settings with high levels of unemployment, poverty, and problem behaviour. Limited research exists of Bedouin youth, specifically their smoking attitudes and behaviour. This study examined 293 male and female high school-age youth with the WHO-CDC Global Youth Tobacco Survey instrument. Chi square and regression analyses were performed. Parent smoking behaviour, smoking if offered a cigarette, likelihood of smoking during the next 12 months and 5 years, and smoking behaviour among friends are significant factors that influence smoking regardless of gender status. Regression analysis shows cigarette use is influenced by gender status, parent(s) smoking behaviour, smoking behaviour among friends, being offered a cigarette by a friend, and the perception of males who smoke as being a positive social image. Smoking is a public health problem and cessation interventions are needed for Bedouin youth. Additional research with practical implications should focus on the high rate of tobacco use among males, the relation between psychosocial factors and smoking behaviour in urban and rural settings and the impact of formal education and community-based activities on smoking prevention and cessation.

The Role of Culture and Caregivers’ Formal Education for Babies’ Learning Environments: The Case of Two Costa Rican Communities

2020 ◽  
pp. 002202212098171
Author(s):  
Frederike Aschemeyer ◽  
Mariano Rosabal-Coto ◽  
Sina Storm ◽  
Heidi Keller
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environments ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Formal Schooling ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Body Contact ◽  
Socialization Goals ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact

The aim of our study was to explore young children’s social and learning environments in contexts that are different from the predominant Western lifestyle. We expected different cultural groups, both living in Costa Rica, to provide their 6- to 18-months old children with different learning environments. Our sample consisted of 26 Bribri families and 24 Guanacastecan families. To test the impact of formal education we additionally divided the whole sample into a higher schooling sample (18 families; at least one parent had completed secondary school) and a lower schooling sample (32 families). We used a multi method design including interviews, questionnaires and spot observations and analyzed the data following the qualitative approach of thematic analysis. Additional chi-square tests showed that Guanacastecan caregivers and caregivers from families with higher formal education provide their children with a more distal socialization style (verbal and object-centered behavior). Caregivers from families with lower formal education engage more in proximal behavior (primary care, body contact, and stimulation). Bribri families also put more emphasis on interdependence-oriented socialization goals. Guanacastecan caregivers highlighted independence-oriented socialization goals. Our study confirms socialization strategies and children’s learning environments respectively emphasizing more distal or more proximal experiences and indicates that sociodemographic profiles (especially formal schooling) must be taken into account when studying children’s development across different cultures.

scholarly journals A Multi-Country Survey on the Impact of COVID-19 on Dentists in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael R. Moraes ◽  
Carlos E. Cuevas-Suárez ◽  
Wilfredo G. Escalante-Otárola ◽  
María R. Fernández ◽  
Andrés Dávila-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
Professional Challenges ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The COVID-19pandemic has significantly impacted the dental sector worldwide.Methods: The impact of the pandemic on dentistsfrom Latin America was investigated by an online survey with professionals working in 11 Spanish-speaking countries in September–December 2020. The invitations were sent to registered professionals. An open campaign was promoted on social media. The questions investigated dental care routines, work practice changes, andfeelings about the pandemic, in addition toreasons for engaging in furthersurveys.Descriptive statistics were used to identify frequencies and distributions of variables. Proportions were compared using chi-square tests.Results: A total of 2,127 responses were collected from a samplewith diverse demographic, sex, work, and education characteristics. The impact of the pandemic was considered high/very high by 60% of respondents.The volume of patients assisted weekly was significantly lower compared with the pre-pandemic period (mean reduction=14 ±15 patients). A high rate of fear to contracting the COVID-19 at work was observed (85%); 4.9% of participants had a positive COVID-19 test. The mask most frequently worn was PFF2/N95 (42%). The main professional challenges faced by respondents were reduction in the number of patientsor financial gain (35%), fear of contracting COVID-19 (34%), and burden with or difficulty in purchasing new PPE (22%).The fear to contracting COVID-19 was influenced by the number of weekly appointments. A positive test by the dentists was associated with their reports of having assisted COVID-19 patients. The most cited feelings about the pandemic were uncertainty, fear, worry, anxiety, and stress. When asked about incentives to participating in further surveys, the most common responses were receiving articles that originated from the investigation (44%)and priority access to research data (15%). Conclusion:This multi-countrysurvey indicated a high impact of the pandemic on dental care routines in Latin American offices.

scholarly journals Comparison of different shock wave frequencies on stone disintegration in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy; 60, 80 and 100/min

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed El Taher ◽  
A. Reda ◽  
A. M. Abdel Latif ◽  
M. A. El Gammal
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Wave Frequency ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background We know that SWL started on February 07, 1980, by Christian Chaussy with a wide range of indications. Complication rate has always remained very low and usually limited to minor side effects and complications. This study shows the impact of different shock wave release frequencies 60, 80 & 100/min on disintegration of renal stones. Methods A total number of 210 patients with mean age (40 ± 15) years with renal stone who were candidate for SWL divided into 3 groups each are 70 patients on rate 60,80 and 100 per min), Chi-Square test, Fisher’s exact test used in the study. Results Complete stone clearance( defined as complete stone free) was obtained in 184 patients 87.6% after one session, the highest success rate 94.3% were obtained in the second group of patients ( with shock wave frequency 80/min) followed by the first group 87.1% (with shock wave frequency 60/min), and patients with highest frequency (100/min) had the lowest success rate 81.4%. Conclusions The best option is using intermediate shock wave rate 80/min to obtain highest success rate and mild pain. Using high rate 100/min is not favorable due to least disintegration rate with highest pain. Using rate 60/min shows less success than rate 80/min despite it less painful.

scholarly journals Hubungan Penggunaan Helm dengan Derajat Cedera Kepala Akibat Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas pada Pengendara Sepeda Motor di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2016-2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-357
Author(s):  
Sharon Serafim Bosawer ◽  
Rizki Rahmadian ◽  
Zelly Dia Rofinda
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Traffic accidents are a public health problem in the world, and the main cause of head injury cases with the main contributor is motorcycle riders. The use of helmets on motorcycle riders can reduce the risk of head injury, by reducing the impact force on the head. Objective. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between the use of helmet and the degree of head injury due to a traffic accidents on motorcyclists at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang in 2016-2017. Methods. This study was an analytic study with cross sectional design.The sample was conducted by probability sampling technique using random sampling with 93 samples. Data were obtained from medical records of head injury patients who suffered traffic accidents using motorcycle and treated at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang in 2016-2017. Data were analyzed using chi square test. Results. The results showed man (67,7%), did not use helmet (72%), and most types of head injuries are severe head injuries (50,5%. There was a significant relationship between the use of helmets with the degree of head injury due to traffic accidents on motorcycle riders (p=0,002). Conclusion. There was a relationship between the use of helmets on motorcycle riders with the degree of head injury due to traffic accidents. Keyword : Traffic acidents, head injury, helmet

Crucial role of physiotherapy in treating COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 967-971
Author(s):  
Poonam Thakre ◽  
Waqar M. Naqvi ◽  
Trupti Deshmukh ◽  
Nikhil Ingole ◽  
Sourabh Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Front Line ◽  
The Many ◽  
Sixth International

The emergence in China of 2019 of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) previously provisionally names 2019-nCoV disease (COVID19) caused major global outbreak and is a major public health problem. On 30 January 2020, the WHO declared COVID19 to be the sixth international public health emergency. This present pandemic has engrossed the globe with a high rate of mortality. As a front line practitioner, physiotherapists are expected to be getting in direct contact with patients infected with the virus. That’s why it is necessary for understanding the many aspects of their role in the identification, contains, reduces and treats the symptoms of this disease. The main presentation is the involvement of respiratory system with symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, sneezing and characteristics of pneumonia leads to ARDS(Acute respiratory distress syndrome) also land up in multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. This text describes and suggests physiotherapy management of acute COVID-19 patients. It also includes recommendations and guidelines for physiotherapy planning and management. It also covers the guidelines regarding personal care and equipment used for treatment which can be used in the treatment of acute adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19.

Impact and Challenges of Centres for Education and Community Action in Cameroon’s North West Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-74
Author(s):  
Fonteh Athanasius Amungwa
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Community Action ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
North West ◽  
West Region ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of community education and challenges facing Centres for Education and Community Action as a rural development strategy in Cameroon. The study was conducted in the North-West Region of Cameroon, employing field observations, semi-structured interviews with key informants using a convenient sampling technique and through elaborate review of documents. These research instruments were blended into what is termed triangulation and the data collected was analysed descriptively. The main focus of qualitative analysis is to understand the ways in which people act and the accounts that people give for their actions. This paper posits that extreme dependence on the provision of Western formal education cannot solve the problems of a rapidly changing society like Cameroon, which is facing a long-term economic crisis and persistent unemployment issues of graduates. Consequently, education should be redefined in the context of the prevailing economic crisis to make it responsive to the aspirations of rural communities. Findings showed that community education had contributed towards rural development immensely but has suffered many challenges due to neglect of the field in the policy agenda. This paper recommends the integration of community education with formal education to facilitate group and community betterment in particular and rural transformation in general.

HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA USIA 1-5 TAHUN DIPUSKESMAS SUKAHENING KECAMATAN SUKAHENING KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Yuyun Sarinengsih
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRAKStunting yaitu keadaan gagal tumbuh akibat dari kekurangan gizi kronis. Prevalensi stunting di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya menempati urutan keempat, dimana kecamatan Sukahening menempati urutan pertama tertinggi dengan jumlah 155 balita mengalami stunting. Faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kejadian stunting yaitu pengasuhan anak yang kurang baik dimana tidak diberikannya ASI secara Ekslusif. Pencegahan stunting yaitu pada 1000 hari kehidupan dimana salah satunya pemberian ASI secara Ekslusif.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pemberian ASI Ekslusif dengan kejadian stunting pada balita 1-5 tahun di Puskesmas Sukahening Kecamatan Sukahening Kabupaten Tasikmalaya.Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi total sampling sebanyak 95 responden menggunakan teknik purposive sampling.Hasil Penelitian diperoleh lebih dari setengah responden 51,6% tidak diberikan ASI secara Ekslusif, dan sebagian besar 65,3% balita mengalami stunting. Hasil perhitungan chi-square diperoleh ρ.value (0,000<0,05) maka H0 ditolak sehingga terdapat hubungan antara Pemberian ASI Ekslusif dengan kejadian stunting pada balita 1-5 tahun di Puskesmas Sukahening Kecamatan Sukahening Kabupaten Tasikmalaya.Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi informasi yang bermanfaat dan perlu dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan ulang yang terjadwal terkait nutrisi yang terjangkau dan sehat sehingga dapat meningkatkan cakupan ASI Ekslusif dan dapat menurunkan angka stunting.Kata Kunci : ASI Ekslusif, StuntingDaftar Pustaka : 25 buku (2010-2018)9 jurnal (2013-2019)2 Website (2010-2017) ABSTRACTStunting is a condition of growth failure due to chronic malnutrition. The stunting prevalence in Tasikmalaya Regency was at the fourth place where Sukahening sub-district was at the highest with 155 stunting. Factor that can influence the occurrence of stunting is a poor parenting where exclusive breastfeeding is not given. The best prevention of stunting is on 1000 days of life where exclusive breastfeeding is given. The impact, if the baby is not given exclusive breastfeeding, they will lack of nutrition and also will have an impact on the growth or inappropriate height. This aims of the research is to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting on toddler under 5 years of at Sukahening Public Health Center, Sukahening Sub district, Tasikmalaya Regency. The type of research used is descriptive correlation with a cross-sectional approach. The total samplings were 95 respondents which used purposive sampling technique. The results of the research were obtained more than half of the respondents 51.6% were given exclusive breastfeeding, and most 65.3% of children under five had stunting. The chi-square calculation results obtained that ρ.value (0,000 <0,05) then H0 is rejected so that there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting on toddlers under 5 years in Sukahening Public Health Center, Sukahening Sub district, Tasikmalaya Regency. Performed the health education related to affordable and healthy nutrition so that it can increase the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding and can reduce stunting rates. Keywords : Exclusive breastfeeding, Stunting Bibliography : 25 books (2010-2018) 9 journals (2013-2019) 2 Websites (2010-2017) 

The Predictive Role of Biochemical Plasma Factors in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1754-1757
Author(s):  
Marius Toma Papacocea ◽  
Ioana Anca Badarau ◽  
Mugurel Radoi ◽  
Ioana Raluca Papacocea
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group

Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) represent a high impact public health problem due to a high rate of death , long term disability and occurrence especially in young adults. Despite several promising animal studies, several parameters were proposed as biological markers and were assessed for this aim. Our study proposes the study of the early biochemical changes in association to hematological parameters for severe TBI patients prognosis. 43 patients with acute TBI were included in study based on clinical, laboratory and imagistic findings. The severity of the TBI was established by Glasgow Coma Scale GCS 3-8. In all patients were evaluated hematologic parameters (Red blood cell count - RBC, Hematocrit, blood Hemoglobin, White blood cell - WBC, Platelet count and biochemical parameters (glucose, urea, creatinine, electrolytes). Outcome was expressed as Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), between 1-5. Values were compared to control group -15 cases. Significant early differences in body temperature, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure were observed in TBI group versus control (p[0.05). After correlation, laboratory findings significantly associated to severe outcome - GOS = 1, 2 - (p[0.05) were plasma Na decrease and significant glucose increase. An early increase of temperature and decrease of Na may predict a severe outcome in patients with acute TBI; association with shifts in heart rate and blood pressure, imposes aggressive treatment measures.

The Myometrium in Pregnant Women with Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-200
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Carvajal ◽  
Joaquín I. Oporto
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
High Rate ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cesarean Sections ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Myometrial Contractility ◽  
Lower Expression

: Obesity is a worldwide public health problem, affecting at least one-third of pregnant women. One of the main problems of obesity during pregnancy is the resulting high rate of cesarean section. The leading cause of this higher frequency of cesarean sections in obese women, compared with that in nonobese women, is an altered myometrial function that leads to lower frequency and potency of contractions. In this article, the disruptions of myometrial myocytes were reviewed in obese women during pregnancy that may explain the dysfunctional labor. The myometrium of obese women exhibited lower expression of connexin43, a lower function of the oxytocin receptor, and higher activity of the potassium channels. Adipokines, such as leptin, visfatin, and apelin, whose concentrations are higher in obese women, decreased myometrial contractility, perhaps by inhibiting the myometrial RhoA/ROCK pathway. The characteristically higher cholesterol levels of obese women alter myometrial myocyte cell membranes, especially the caveolae, inhibiting oxytocin receptor function, and increasing the K+ channel activity. All these changes in the myometrial cells or their environment decrease myometrial contractility, at least partially explaining the higher rate of cesarean of sections in obese women.

Impact of obesity on female sexual dysfunction: A remiss

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Farooq Shah ◽  
Isha Chawla ◽  
Kirti Goel ◽  
Rakesh Gollen ◽  
Randhir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Female Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Impact

: The prevalence of obesity around the globe is increasing at such an alarming rate that WHO consultation on obesity designated obesity as a major unattended public health problem worldwide. Obesity is associated with a greater risk of excessive fat related metabolic and endocrinal diseases associated with different set of illness and disabilities, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, sleep apnea, arthritis, lung diseases and sexual disorders. Obesity is found to be associated with male and female sexual dysfunctions and several studies have indicated a positive correlation between obesity and sexual dysfunction among both males and females. The relationship between male obesity and sexual dysfunction has been widely discussed, whereas a very little emphasis is laid on relationship between obesity and female sexual dysfunctions. Sexual dysfunctions are common and affects 20-50% of obese women. Particularly, female sexual dysfunction is a multi-factorial problem, including organic and psychological aspects involved into it. These disorders not only affect physical health of women but to a greater extent mental health is also affected. Considering this point of view, present review is emphasized on the impact of obesity on female sexual dysfunctions.

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