scholarly journals Multi-criteria analysis of road bitumen production processes by oxidation of refined petroleum products

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-66
Author(s):  
Yuliya E. Pleshivtseva ◽  
Artem V. Kazarinov ◽  
Мaksim Yu. Derevyanov
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
The Road ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
Mathematical Programming Problems

Based on the DEA method, an approach has been developed for the multivariate analysis of the road bitumen production processes, allowing obtaining integral comparative assessments that ensure the ranking of processes according to various heterogeneous criteria. The main quantitative characteristics, qualitative indicators, and technological parameters of the oxidation processes are selected to form target functions when solving mathematical programming problems. Based on the CCR and Super Efficiency models of the DEA method, the problems of multivariate analysis of the efficiency of road bitumen production processes for the actual values ​​of the characteristics of raw materials and parameters of technological processes were formulated and solved, a comparative analysis of the estimates obtained for 64 bitumen samples was carried out. The results of the studies carried out make it possible to significantly expand the scope of the DEA method application and create on its basis a software package for multivariate analysis and optimization of bitumen production processes by improving the quality of the final product, reducing the resources for its production and reducing the negative impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Qualitative analysis of attitudes to distance learning in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Aleksandr N. Kononov ◽  
Anastasia S. Komissarova
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

Topicality of the study of the attitude to the distance learning format is due to the need to study the impact of such interaction in the “pedagogue-studentˮ system on the quality, motivation and overall satisfaction of students with the learning process. The study involved 120 people from 6 six higher education institutions in Moscow. The use of content analysis allowed us to identify 8 significant contexts (areas) around which the statements of the study participants are grouped: “Roadˮ, “Teachersˮ, “Returnˮ, “Distance learningˮ, “Full-time, full-time attendingˮ, “Training, training formatˮ, “Provided, changedˮ, “Qualityˮ. The results obtained indicate that the main disadvantages of the distance learning format, according to the respondents, are the lack of live communication with teachers, a decrease in the level of motivation and self-organisation, which ultimately has a negative impact on the psychoemotional state of students and the quality of material assimilation. At the same time, among the obvious advantages, there is a reduction in transport and time costs for the road to the place of study, as well as the opportunity to study the material at a convenient time. The results obtained can be used in the development of distance learning programmes for students of higher educational institutions of the Russian Federation.

Optimum Combustion Chamber Geometry for a Compression Ignition Engine Retrofitted to Run Using Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 552-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrul Azmir Osman ◽  
Ahmad Jais Alimin ◽  
V.S. Liong
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Engine Cylinder ◽  
The Impact

The use of natural gas as an alternative fuels are motivated from the impact in deteriorating quality of air and the energy shortage from petroleum products. Through retrofitting, CI engine runs on CNG, will be able to reduce the negative impact mainly on the use of petroleum products. However, this required the modification of the combustion chamber geometry by reducing the compression ratio to value that suits combustion of CNG. In this present studies, four different shapes and geometries of combustion chamber were designed and simulate using CFD package powered by Ansys workbench, where k-ε turbulence model was used to predict the flow in the combustion chamber. The results of turbulence kinetic energy, velocity vectors and streamline are presented. The enhancement of air-fuel mixing inside the engine cylinder can be observed, where the design with re-entrance and lower center projection provide better results compared to other combustion geometries designs.

scholarly journals Influence of enzymative catalysis on technological parameters of apple juice production

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
L. V. Gnetko ◽  
L. P. Nerovnykh ◽  
M. M. Udychak ◽  
B. B. Siyukhova ◽  
M. M. Kobleva
Keyword(s):  
Apple Juice ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Enzymatic Catalysis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Complex Action ◽  
Enzyme Preparations

The article provides data on the investigation of the effect of enzymatic catalysis on the technological parameters of apple juice production. Apples are distinguished by the presence of a heterogeneous high-molecular complex of biopolymers, which complicates their processing: it prevents juice output, hinders its clarification, filterability of wine materials and negatively affects the colloidal stability of wines. Enzymatic catalysis based on the action of microbial preparations, contributes in many respects to the successful solution of the problems of intensifying technological processes of fruit and berry raw materials processing and improving the quality of obtained products. Enzyme preparations of complex action, causing deep hydrolysis of high-molecular components of the peel and pulp of fruits, provide a more complete extraction of the liquid fraction, better clarification and filterability of juices. The foothill zone of Adygea has special soil and climatic conditions that affect the formation of physical and chemical characteristics of raw materials. Considering that apple tree occupies the first place in terms of planting area among fruit crops in the Republic of Adygea, an urgent task is to study the effect of enzymatic catalysis on technological properties of juices obtained during the processing of apples grown in these soil and climatic conditions. Enzyme preparations of complex action, recommended for the processing of fruit juices and wine materials, made in France and Germany, have been selected as objects of the research. The results of the studies on the use of enzyme preparations in the processing of apple juices, taking into account their influence on the juice yield and such technological parameters as the speed and quality of clarification, filterability and dynamics of alcoholic fermentation, have been presented. The effect of enzymatic catalysis on the mass concentrations of polysaccharides, starch, total nitrogen and phenolic substances has been studied. A higher hydrolytic activity of the Extrazyme enzyme preparation has been established, when added to the pulp; it contributes to the deep transformation of high-molecular substances and, as a result, to optimize the technological parameters of juice production

scholarly journals Analysis of methods of assessing the quality of protective paint car coatings

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 02103
Author(s):  
Arthur Avakov ◽  
Evgeny Kosenko ◽  
Ivan Topilin ◽  
Fedor Kopilov
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Paint Coating ◽  
The Road ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Car Wash ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Operational Impacts

At present, modern ways to protect a varnish coating of cars have become widespread among motorists. Small particles of dirt, dust, winter reagents, minuses of car wash systems, a large number of stones on the road do not have the best effect on car cover. All operational impacts destroy the protective paintwork, after which the steel car body is no longer able to resist the effects of the environment. The body begins to rust and deteriorate. The car eventually loses its appearance, ceases to shine, becomes opaque. Reduction of adverse operational impacts on the paint coating of the car is achieved by modern methods of protection. A wide distribution in the market of automobile cosmetics was produced by protective polishes based on wax or synthetic constituents. It is connected with their small cost and ease of application. The flagship on auto market for the protection of car paint coating is armor plate. This is a protective transparent film with a thickness of approximately 100 microns, providing the maximum degree of protection. Thus, with the help of modern means of protecting paint coating, one can minimize the negative impact of the environment and prolong youth to a car.

CHOOSING THE OPTIMAL TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING DRY STRAWBERRY LEAF EXTRACT

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Yaborova O.V. ◽  
Sosnina S.A. ◽  
Turyshev A.Yu.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Scientific Justification ◽  
Optimal Technology ◽  
Further Development

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in medicines produced on the basis of medicinal plant raw materials. To improve the quality of drug supply to the population and expand the range of medicines, research is relevant to improve the efficiency of the extraction methods used, replacing infusions and decoctions with industrial products. In this regard, the study of the technological parameters of obtaining an extract from the leaves of dry strawberry is of practical interest for the further development of dosage forms with it and the formation of a scientific justification for their use in medical practice.

Influences of Process and Equipment on Filament Unevenness

2012 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 465-468
Author(s):  
Jiang Ping Wang ◽  
Zhi Hui Tian
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Unstable State ◽  
Temperature Quenching ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Correct Operation ◽  
Dyeing Performance

The yarn irregularity of polyester POY in melt spinning influences not only the follow-up spinning property, but also the dyeing performance. The yarn irregularity is caused mainly by unstable state during which the filament is formed. It is presented in this paper that the main factors which affect the filament unevenness in melt spinning. They are the quality of raw materials, the improper choice and fluctuation of technological parameters, the structure of equipments and running conditions, etc. Such factors as steady spinning temperature, quenching conditions, the high performance finishes, proper collection oiling point and correct operation will guarantee lower filament unevenness.

scholarly journals Sustainability in Polish Road Transport Sector

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Grabara ◽  
Liviu Mihaescu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
The Road ◽  
Present Generation ◽  
High Flexibility

Abstract Today, road transport is the fastest-growing segment of the freight transport in Poland. Due to its dynamic development in the 90's and low barriers to entry of new transport companies the importance of this segment still growing. Low transport rates, the ability to reach every place, as well as high flexibility and reliability of supplies carried are the main advantages of this kind of transport. However, besides the advantages, road transport has disadvantages as well, and the biggest drawback of this type of transport is its negative impact on the environment through the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. In addition, road transport is characterized by high land consumption and noise. This causes that the road transport sector is one of the sectors where actions from the field of sustainable development [1] are performed. This is due to the fact that currently the sustainability issues are very important and the present generation is aware that today's action will affect the quality of life for future generations. Therefore, road transport companies introduce measures to eliminate their negative impact on the environment or on social environment. This article describes the actions aimed at the practical implementation of the concept of sustainable development, conducted by the chosen transport companies.

scholarly journals The device layers and transport facilities of hemihydrate phosphogypsum (waste byproduct of the production of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Kochetkov ◽  
Natal’ya Shchegoleva ◽  
Sergey Korotkovskiy ◽  
Victor Talalai ◽  
Yury Vasilyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Tracked Vehicles ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Construction ◽  
Phosphogypsum Waste ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The implementation of the proposed innovative project on the use of phosphogypsum waste in road construction will: solve the problem of recycling and processing of phosphogypsum by using it as a local by-material for the construction of roadbed and foundations of roads; replace natural gypsum with cheaper raw materials for cement, construction and road industry; reduce the cost of construction of roads and extend the turnaround time by improving the quality of their properties. Road with the use of phosphogypsum is cheaper by 30 % than roads with traditional technologies. In the swampy area due to the characteristics of the material, combining solidity and lightness, phosphogypsum is not interchangeable at all. It allows you to make reliable and durable roads. The design is obtained up to five times stronger than the required standards. At the same time, at the first stage of construction of the road, it is possible to make an intermediate type, making the bases of phosphogypsum, and later laying the remaining structural layers of crushed stone and asphalt. In this case, the coating of technical gypsum is not destroyed, even with the passage of heavy tracked vehicles and at low temperatures.

A new FT-IR method combined with multivariate analysis for the classification of vinegars from different raw materials and production processes

2010 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Durán Guerrero ◽  
Remedios Castro Mejías ◽  
Ramón Natera Marín ◽  
Miguel Palma Lovillo ◽  
Carmelo García Barroso
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Ft Ir

scholarly journals Evaluation of Changes in Metabolites of Saliva in Canine Obesity Using a Targeted Metabolomic Approach

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2501
Author(s):  
Alberto Muñoz-Prieto ◽  
Ivana Rubić ◽  
Anita Horvatić ◽  
Renata Barić Rafaj ◽  
José Joaquín Cerón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Metabolomic Approach ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Obesity is a common problem in pet dogs, affecting half of the general population in some countries. Excess body weight causes several disorders and has a negative impact on dogs’ quality of life. The use of metabolomics allows the identification of metabolite traces from the metabolic pathways involved in pathological processes. This study aimed to evaluate salivary metabolite variations in dogs with obesity. The salivary samples of 19 dogs were analyzed using a targeted metabolomic approach, through which 234 metabolites were quantified. Of these, multivariate analysis identified 27 different metabolites altered in dogs with obesity compared with control dogs. These metabolites were mainly classified as amino acids, glycerides, sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, and acylcarnitines. Some of the changes in these metabolites reflect the insulin resistance status related to obesity in dogs. Overall, it can be concluded that the salivary metabolome of obese dogs reflects the metabolic changes occurring in obesity and could be a source of potential biomarkers for this complex condition.

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