scholarly journals Novel variant in the leptin receptor (LEPR) gene and its association with fat quality, odour and flavour in sheep

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
A. Gunawan ◽  
F. W. Pramukti ◽  
K. Listyarini ◽  
M. A. Abuzahra ◽  
J. Jakaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Fat Quality ◽  
Lepr Gene ◽  
Novel Variant

The aim of this study was to investigate the association and expression of LEPR with fat quality, flavour and odour in sheep. A total of 47 rams were used in this study. Fatty acids composition, BCFA (Branch Chanin Fatty Acids; MNA, MP, MOA, and EOA) and skatole (MI) representing fat quality, flavour and odour in sheep were measured at ages of 10-12 months old. Identification of novel variant and expression analysis of LEPR gene with different fat quality, odour and flavour were performed by PCR RFLP and qRT-PCR, respectively. A SNP in genomic region g.40854778 A>C of the LEPR gene was associated (P<0.05) with fat quality of saturated fatty acids (SFA) including [tricosanoic acid (C23:0) and tetracosanoic acid (C24:0)] and poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) [docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n3)]. However, the novel variant of LEPR was not significantly associated (P<0.05) with fat content, odour and flavour (MNA, MP, MOA, EOA, and MI). The mRNA expression analysis showed that LEPR mRNA expression was higher (P<0.01) in sheep found at the AA genotype. It could be concluded that variant SNP in the LEPR may contribute to fatty acid composition without influencing odour and flavour traits in sheep.

scholarly journals Effect of supplementation with different fatty acid profile to the dam in early gestation and to the offspring on the finishing diet on offspring growth and hypothalamus mRNA expression in sheep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Francisco Oviedo-Ojeda ◽  
José Alejandro Roque-Jiménez ◽  
Megan Whalin ◽  
Héctor Aarón Lee-Rangel ◽  
Alejandro Enrique Relling
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Metastasis Suppressor ◽  
Productive Performance

Abstract Supplementation with omega-3 and omega-9 fatty acids during late gestation regulates offspring development; however, their effect in the first third of gestation is unknown in sheep. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of the maternal supplementation with an enriched source of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) or an enriched source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during the first third of gestation on productive performance on ewes and offspring, and hypothalamic neuropeptides on offspring. Seventy-nine post-weaning lambs, born of sheep supplemented in the first third of gestation with 1.61% Ca salts rich with MUFA or EPA+DHA (Dam supplementation; DS), were distributed in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments to finishing diets containing 1.48% of Ca salts of MUFA or EPA+DHA (Lamb supplementation; LS). The finishing period of the offspring lasted for 56 d. During the finishing period dry matter intake (DMI, daily) and body weight (BW) were recorded. Plasma was collected for metabolites analysis. Twenty-four lambs were slaughtered, and hypothalamus was collected for mRNA expression of hormone receptors, neuropeptides, and lipid transport genes. The data were analyzed with a mixed model in SAS (9.4) using repeated measurements, when needed. There was a DS×LS interaction for BW (P = 0.10) where LS with EPA+DHA born from DS with MUFA were heavier than the other 3 treatments. Lambs born from DS with MUFA have a greater DMI (P &lt; 0.01) than the offspring born from DS with EPA+DHA. Lambs born from MUFA supplemented dams had a greater (P ≤ 0.05) hypothalamus mRNA expression for cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript, growth hormone receptor, metastasis suppressor 1, leptin receptor, pro-opiomelanocortin, and Neuropeptide Y. These results indicate that growth depends not on the type of fatty acids during the finishing phase but the interaction of different sources of fatty acids ad different stages. Also, supplementation with fatty acids during early pregnancy changes productive performance and neuropeptides’ mRNA expression of lambs independently of the finishing diet.

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Salo ◽  
E Vartiainen ◽  
P Puska ◽  
T Nikkari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

EFFECT OF GINGER, LEMURU FISH OIL SAPONIFICATION AND OLIVE OIL ON COMPOSITION FATTY ACID OF BEEF

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Siwitri Kadarsih
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6

The objective was to get beef that contain unsaturated fatty acids (especially omega 3 and 6), so as to improve intelligence, physical health for those who consume. The study design using CRD with 3 treatments, each treatment used 4 Bali cattle aged approximately 1.5 years. Observations were made 8 weeks. Pasta mixed with ginger provided konsentrat. P1 (control); P2 (6% saponification lemuru fish oil, olive oil 1%; rice bran: 37.30%; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 100 g); P3 (lemuru fish oil saponification 8%, 2% olive oil; rice bran; 37.30; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 200 g). Konsentrat given in the morning as much as 1% of the weight of the cattle based on dry matter, while the grass given a minimum of 10% of the weight of livestock observation variables include: fatty acid composition of meat. Data the analyzies qualitative. The results of the study showed that the composition of saturated fatty acids in meat decreased and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids, namely linoleic acid (omega 6) and linolenic acid (omega 3), and deikosapenta deikosaheksa acid.Keywords : 

scholarly journals Explore the gene network regulating the composition of fatty acids in cottonseed

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Ma ◽  
Xinqi Cheng ◽  
Chuan Wang ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Fei Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Gene Network ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Expression Characteristics

Abstract Background Cottonseed is one of the major sources of vegetable oil. Analysis of the dynamic changes of fatty acid components and the genes regulating the composition of fatty acids of cottonseed oil is of great significance for understanding the biological processes underlying biosynthesis of fatty acids and for genetic improving the oil nutritional qualities. Results In this study, we investigated the dynamic relationship of 13 fatty acid components at 12 developmental time points of cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and generated cottonseed transcriptome of the 12 time points. At 5–15 day post anthesis (DPA), the contents of polyunsaturated linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) and saturated stearic acid (C18:0) were higher, while linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) was mainly synthesized after 15 DPA. Using 5 DPA as a reference, 15,647 non-redundant differentially expressed genes were identified in 10–60 DPA cottonseed. Co-expression gene network analysis identified six modules containing 3275 genes significantly associated with middle-late seed developmental stages and enriched with genes related to the linoleic acid metabolic pathway and α-linolenic acid metabolism. Genes (Gh_D03G0588 and Gh_A02G1788) encoding stearoyl-ACP desaturase were identified as hub genes and significantly up-regulated at 25 DPA. They seemed to play a decisive role in determining the ratio of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids. FAD2 genes (Gh_A13G1850 and Gh_D13G2238) were highly expressed at 25–50 DPA, eventually leading to the high content of C18:2n-6 in cottonseed. The content of C18:3n-3 was significantly decreased from 5 DPA (7.44%) to 25 DPA (0.11%) and correlated with the expression characteristics of Gh_A09G0848 and Gh_D09G0870. Conclusions These results contribute to our understanding on the relationship between the accumulation pattern of fatty acid components and the expression characteristics of key genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis during the entire period of cottonseed development.

Formation of debranched wheat starch-fatty acid inclusion complexes using saturated fatty acids with different chain length

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 110867
Author(s):  
Min Hyeock Lee ◽  
Ha Ram Kim ◽  
Woo Su Lim ◽  
Min-Cheol Kang ◽  
Hee-Don Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Wheat Starch

scholarly journals Circulating fatty acid profiles are associated with protein energy wasting in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ban-Hock Khor ◽  
◽  
Sharmela Sahathevan ◽  
Ayesha Sualeheen ◽  
Mohammad Syafiq Md Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

AbstractThe metabolic impact of circulating fatty acids (FAs) in patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) is unknown. We investigated the associations between plasma triglyceride (TG) FAs and markers of inflammation, insulin resistance, nutritional status and body composition. Plasma TG-FAs were measured using gas chromatography in 341 patients on HD (age = 55.2 ± 14.0 years and 54.3% males). Cross-sectional associations of TG-FAs with 13 markers were examined using multivariate linear regression adjusted for potential confounders. Higher levels of TG saturated fatty acids were associated with greater body mass index (BMI, r = 0.230), waist circumference (r = 0.203), triceps skinfold (r = 0.197), fat tissue index (r = 0.150), serum insulin (r = 0.280), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = 0.276), but lower malnutrition inflammation score (MIS, r =  − 0.160). Greater TG monounsaturated fatty acid levels were associated with lower lean tissue index (r =  − 0.197) and serum albumin (r =  − 0.188), but higher MIS (r = 0.176). Higher levels of TG n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were associated with lower MIS (r =  − 0.168) and interleukin-6 concentrations (r =  − 0.115). Higher levels of TG n-6 PUFAs were associated with lower BMI (r =  − 0.149) but greater serum albumin (r = 0.112). In conclusion, TG monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with poor nutritional status, while TG n-3 PUFAs were associated with good nutritional status. On the other hand, TG saturated fatty acids and TG n-6 PUFAs had both favorable and unfavorable associations with nutritional parameters.

scholarly journals Maternal Factors Associated with Levels of Fatty Acids, Specifically n-3 PUFA during Pregnancy: ECLIPSES Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Estefania Aparicio ◽  
Carla Martín-Grau ◽  
Cristina Bedmar ◽  
Núria Serrat Orus ◽  
Josep Basora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Older Age ◽  
High Educational Level ◽  
Seafood Consumption ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Educational

An optimal fatty acid (FA) profile during pregnancy, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is essential for the health of the mother and child. Our aim was to identify the socioeconomic and maternal lifestyle factors associated with serum FA concentration in pregnant women. A longitudinal study was conducted on 479 pregnant women, who were assessed during the first (T1) and third (T3) trimesters of pregnancy. Data on maternal characteristics, food consumption, and lifestyle were collected. Serum FA concentrations were analysed by a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry combination. The multiple linear regression showed that high educational level and older age were significantly associated with higher EPA and DHA concentrations and lower values of n-6/n-3 and arachidonic acid (AA)/EPA in T1 and/or T3. Regarding diet—fish and seafood consumption increased EPA concentration and reduced n-6/n-3 and AA/EPA values in both trimesters, whereas its consumption increased DHA concentration only in T1. Smoking was associated with lower DHA concentration in T1 and higher values of n-6/n-3 ratio in both trimester. Overweight and obesity were associated with higher values of n-6/n-3 ratio and AA/EPA ratio in T1. A statistically non-significant association was observed with saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). In conclusion, high educational levels, older age, fish, seafood consumption, and/or non-smoking, are factors that influence better omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) profile in both trimesters of pregnancy. Further research is needed to go in-depth into these findings and their health consequences.

Growth and carcass characteristics of three lamb genotypes finished on the same level of feeding

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. O. W. McClintont ◽  
A. F. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Ash Content

AbstractThis study investigated the efficiency of growth and the carcass characteristics of 24 Greyface (Border Leicester × Scottish Blackface), 24 Texel (12 purebred and 12 Texel × Texel-Greyface) and 24 Rouge (12 purebred and 12 Rouge × Rouge-Greyface) lambs finished on the same level of feeding. The efficiency of live-weight gain (kg/MJ) was higher in Greyface compared with Texel lambs (P< 0·01). The efficiency of empty body-weight gain (kg/MJ) was higher in Greyface (P< 0·01) and Rouge (P< 0·05) compared with Texel lambs. The efficiency of carcass gains (kg/MJ) tended to be higher in Greyface and Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P= 0·07). The efficiency of non-carcass component gains (kg/MJ) was also higher in Greyface compared with Texel lambs (P0·05). Carcass water, protein, lipid and ash gains did not vary significantly between the genotypes, however carcass energy gain tended to be higher in Greyface and Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P= 0·08). The relative proportions of water, protein, lipid and ash in carcass gains did not vary significantly between the genotypes. At the end of the experiment carcass water content was higher in Texel compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05) and carcass ash content was lower in Texel compared with Greyface (P< 0·01) and Rouge (P< 0·05) lambs. The concentration of saturated fatty acids was higher in Greyface compared with Rouge lambs (P< 0·001) and higher in Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P< 0·05). Monounsaturated fatty acid concentrations were higher in Rouge compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05) and higher in Texel compared with Rouge lambs (P< 0·001). Polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations were higher in Rouge and Texel compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·01). The ratio of n-6:n-3 fatty acids was lower in Rouge compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05).The efficiency of empty body gain was higher in male compared with female lambs (P< 0·05). Carcass water (P< 0·01) and protein (P< 0·05) gains were higher in male lambs. At the end of the experiment male carcasses contained a higher content of water (P< 0·05), protein (P< 0·01) and ash (P= 0·07), and a lower lipid (P< 0·05) and energy (P< 0·001) content. Carcass lipids from male lambs contained a higher concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (P< 0·001) and tended to contain a lower concentration of saturated fatty acids (P = 0·06).

scholarly journals Spiny-Cheek Crayfish, Faxonius limosus (Rafinesque, 1817), as an Alternative Food Source

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Natalia Śmietana ◽  
Remigiusz Panicz ◽  
Małgorzata Sobczak ◽  
Przemysław Śmietana ◽  
Arkadiusz Nędzarek
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Chemical Score ◽  
Very High ◽  
Acid Index

The aim of the study was to present a comprehensive characterisation of crayfish meat, which is crucial to assess its potential usefulness in the food industry. To this end, we assessed the yield, basic chemical composition (protein, fat, minerals), nutritional value (amino acid and fatty acid profiles, essential amino acid index (EAAI), chemical score of essential amino acids (CS), hypocholesterolaemic/hypercholesterolaemic ratio (h/H), atherogenicity (AI) and thrombogenicity (TI) indices), as well as culinary value (lab colour, texture, sensory characteristics, structure) of the meat of spiny-cheek crayfish (Faxonius limosus) (n = 226) from Lake Sominko (Poland) harvested in May–September 2017. Crayfish meat, especially that from the abdomen, was shown to have high nutritional parameters. It is lean (0.26% of fat), with a favourable fatty acid profile and a very high quality of fat (PUFA (sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids):SFA (sum of saturated fatty acids), n-6/n-3, h/H, AI, TI) and protein (high CS and EAAI). It is also a better source of Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, and Cu than meat from slaughter animals. Hence, crayfish meat can be an alternative to livestock meat in the human diet. Owing to its culinary value (delicateness, weak game flavour, and odour), it meets the requirements of the most demanding consumers, i.e., children and older people.

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