scholarly journals Pengaruh Pajanan Gas Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) terhadap Keluhan Saluran Pernafasan pada Pemulung di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Ganet Kota Tanjungpinang Tahun 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Veronika Amelia Simbolon ◽  
Nurmaini Nurmaini ◽  
Wirsal Hasan

Latar belakang : Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) merupakan gas yang tidak mudah terbakar, tidak berwarna dan berbau seperti telur busuk dan masuk ke tubuh manusia terutama melalui udara yang dihirup. Paparan konsentrasi rendah Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) dapat menyebabkan iritasi pada mata, hidung, atau tenggorokan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pajanan gas Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) terhadap keluhan saluran pernafasan pada pemulung, di TPA Ganet Kota Tanjungpinang.Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei bersifat analitik deskriptif  dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu pemulung yang pekerjaannya hanya sebagai pemulung dengan lama bekerja ≥ 3 tahun  dan durasi terpapar  ≥ 40 jam/minggu dengan jumlah sampel memenuhi syarat 27 pemulung.Hasil : Berdasarkan uji statistik dengan Fisher,s Exact Test diketahui ada pengaruh jenis kelamin (p = 0,019 PR = 1,9) dan intake (p = 0,039 PR = 2,1) terhadap keluhan saluran pernafasan. Variabel yang paling berpengaruh dominan pada uji regresi logistik antara jenis kelamin, konsentrasi H2S dan intake terhadap keluhan saluran pernafasan pada pemulung di TPA Ganet Tahun 2018 yaitu jenis kelamin dan intake dengan probabilitas 97,9 %.Simpulan : Ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin dan intake dengan keluhan saluran pernafasan pada pemulung di TPA Ganet Kota Tanjungpinang. ABSTRACTTitle: The Effect of Exposure Hydrogen Sulfide Gas (H2S) on the Complaints of Respiratory Track in Scavengers at the Ganet’s Final Waste Disposal of Tanjungpinang 2018Background : Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) is a gas that is not flammable, colorless and smells like rotten eggs and enters the human body primarily through inhaled air. Exposure on low concentrations of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) can cause irritation to the eyes, nose or throat. This study aims to determine the effect of exposure to Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) gas the respiratory tract complaints in scavengers at the Ganet’s final waste disposal of Tanjungpinang.Methods : This type of research is a descriptive analytic survey with a cross sectional design. The samples in this study were scavengers whose works were only as scavengers with length of work ≥ 3 years and duration of exposure ≥ 40 hours / week with the number of samples fulfilling the requirements of 27 scavengers.Results : Based on the statistical test with Fisher,s Exact Test it is  found that there was influence of sex (p = 0.019 PR = 1.9) and intake (p = 0.039 PR = 2.1) on respiratory complaints. The most dominant variable influenced the logistic regression test between gender, H2S concentration and intake of respiratory tract complaints on scavengers in 2018 TPA Ganet, were gender and intakes with a probability of 97.9%.Conclusion : There is a significant influence between gender and intake with complaints of respiratory tract on scavengers in TPA Ganet, Tanjungpinang City.

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Anita Dewi Moelyaningrum ◽  
Disny Prajnawita ◽  
Prehatin Trirahayu Ningrum

Introduction: Flies can transmitted disease. The final waste disposals were the breeding place of flies, especially when the final waste disposals weren`t implementation in good management. The objectives of the research were to analyze the differences between flies density in the Pakusari landfill and Ambulu landfill, Jember District, Indonesia. Method: the method was analytic with a cross-sectional design. The data were collected with observation, interview and measure the flies density. The population was all of the area kavling in the Pakusari and Ambulu landfill. The samples were total population. There were 4 active kavling in the landfill, and interview 68 head of the family which stays around the landfill how the flies disrupt their daily activity. The measurements of flies density were using fly grill, stopwatch, form the flies density. The type of flies was identification. Result and Discussion: Waste disposal management at Pakusari landfill was a controlled landfill, and Ambulu was open dumping. Both of flies density of the landfill were categorized very high. The measurement of flies density was in September 2019, whereas the Pakusari landfill using open dumping because of the equipment was broken. The highest flies density on Pakusari at kavling 2 dan 3,4 were 44,4 per 30 seconds (point 1) and 42,4 per 30 seconds (point 1). At kavling 2, 3 Ambulu landfills were 34 per 30 seconds (point 6) and 31,4 per second (point 1) There were sig difference flies density between Pakusari and Ambulu landfill (p=0,000). The most of flies were Musca Domestica(81%). The most distribution of flies were disturbed by the view, causing diarrhea, typus. Conclussion: Waste disposal landfill management should be improving with sanitary landill to control the flies density and decrease the vector-borne disease.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Fajriansyah Fajriansyah

Es campur merupakan salah satu makanan jajanan yang sangat umum dimasyarakat. Es campur yang dijual bebas dipasar mempunyai kandungan zat warna yang sangat berbahaya bagi masyarakat. Rendahnya pengetahuan pedagang serta tindakan mereka berdampak negatif bagi konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur hubungan pengetahuan dan tindakan pedagang es campur terhadap penggunaan bahan kimia di Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang yang dilakukan pada 23 pedagang es campur di Kota Banda Aceh. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data pengetahuan, tindakan dan data penggunaan bahan kimia. Pengumpulan data dlakukan secara wawancara dan pengujian laboratorium. Uji statistik yaitu fisher ecxact test pada CI95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rendahnya pengetahuan (60,9%) dan tindakan (69,6%) pada pedagang, serta tingginya kandungan Rhodamin pada es campur (52,2%). Pengentahuan dan tindakan pedagang mempunyai hubungan signifikan dengan tingginya kandungan bahan kimia pada es campur (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan, rendahnya pengetahuan dan kurang baiknya tindakan pedagang sangat signifikan terhadap tingginya kandungan bahan kimia Rhodamin B pada es campur. Saran, perlu penyuluhan dan pembinaan secara rutin kepada pedagang tentang bahaya zat warna non pangan dan akibatnya terhadap kesehatan. Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, tindakan, Rhodamin B, es campur  Ice mix is one of the most common food snacks in the community. The mixed free-mixed ice on the market has a very dangerous dye content for the community. The low knowledge of traders, as well as their actions, have a negative impact on consumers. This study aims to measure the correlation of knowledge and action of the merchant of mixed ice against the use of chemicals in Banda Aceh. The study used a cross-sectional design performed on 23 ice-mix traders in Banda Aceh City. The data collected includes data on knowledge, action, and data on the use of chemicals. Data collection was conducted by interview and laboratory testing. The statistical test is Fisher exact test at CI95%. The results showed low knowledge (60.9%) and action (69.6%) on traders, as well as the high content of Rhodamine on mixed ice (52.2%). Trader's knowledge and actions have a significant relationship with the high chemical content in the mixed ice (p <0.05). Conclusion, low knowledge and lack of merchant action are very significant to the high content of Rhodamin B chemicals on the mixed ice. Advice, need counseling and guidance on a regular basis to the trader about the dangers of non-food dyes and the consequences on health. Keywords: Knowledge, action, Rhodamine B, mixed ice


e-CliniC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jibrando Tumilaar ◽  
Pieter L. Suling ◽  
Nurdjannah J. Niode

Abstract: Pityriasis versikolor is a skin fungal infection that is quite common in Indonesia as a tropical country with a hot and humid climate, especially if the personal hygiene is not good enough. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between personal hygiene and the incidence of pityriasis versicolor among male students of the Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University. This was a descriptive analytical stuudy with a cross-sectional design. Subjects were 42 medical students of batch 2015-2018. Personal hygiene was determined by using questionnaires and diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor was confirmed based on clinical and Wood lamp examinations. The results showed that pityriasis versicolor was diagnosed in two subjects (4.8%). The Fisher’s exact test obtained a significancy value of 0.003 which indicated that there was a significant relationship between personal hygiene and pityriasis versicolor. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between personal hygiene and the occurence of pityriasis versicolor. Poor personal hygiene was a risk factor of pityriasis versicolor.Keywords: pityriasis versicolor, personal hygiene, students Abstrak: Pitiriasis versikolor adalah infeksi jamur kulit yang cukup banyak ditemukan di Indonesia yang merupakan negara tropis beriklim panas dan lembab, apalagi bila higiene kurang sempurna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui higiene personal terhadap kejadian pitiriasis versikolor pada mahasiswa laki-laki Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian ialah 42 mahasiswa Kedokteran Umum angkatan 2015-2018. Tingkat higiene personal diambil dari kuesioner dan diagnosis pitiriasis versikolor ditegakkam berdasarkan pemeriksaan klinis dan lampu Wood. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan kejadian pitiriasis versikolor pada dua subyek penelitian (4,8%). Uji Fisher’s exact test mendapatkan nilai signifikansi 0,003 yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara higiene personal dan pitiriasis versikolor. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara higiene personal dan pitiriasis versikolor. Higiene personal yang buruk merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya pitiriasis versikolor.Kata kunci: pitiriasis versikolor, higiene personal, mahasiswa


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Fitri Widyacahya

Prelimanary survey result showed the employee job involvement rate of Rumah Sakit Mata Undaan Surabaya reached 65,26%. It meant that employee job involvement rate was low (standard 80%) . Job involvement consist of three factors there are support from co-workers, employee participation in decision making, and the dependence of the tasks.The aim of this study was to analyze the influence supervision and working condition to employee job involvement. Observational analysis was used in this research with the cross sectional design. The data was obtained through questionnaire with simple random sampling involving 62 employees as the sample of the research. The obtained data were analyzed using logistic regression test univariate (α=0,05) to examine the influence of supervision and working condition toward the employee’s job involvement. The test result indicated that supervision significantly influenced employee job involvement at significance value was0,000201. Better supervison made better employee job involvement. On the other hand, working condition did not influence the employee job involvement (significance value was0,097), but crosstabulation result indicated that better working condition made better employee job involvement. It canbe concluded that supervision affects job involvement while working condition does not affect the job involvement.  Keywords: job involvement, supervision, working condition 


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Dessy Triana ◽  
Elvira Rosana ◽  
Rizkianti Anggraini

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang masih berisiko terhadap malaria dengan prevalensi sebesar 1,4% dan angka insiden sebesar 0,3% dengan angka Annual Parasite Incidence (API) tahun 2015 sebesar 0,85%. Provinsi Bengkulu memiliki angka prevalensi sebesar 1,5% dan angka insiden sebesar 5,7% dengan angka API sebesar 2,03% yang menduduki urutan ke-6 angka API terbesar di seluruh Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap perilaku dalam penanggulangan Malaria. Penelitian ini merupakan observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel dipilih secara acak. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan tentang malaria terhadap perilaku penanggulangan malaria (p value= 0,001; OR=4,237), tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap tentang malaria terhadap perilaku penanggulangan malaria (p value = 0.392). Proporsi pengaruh variabel pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap variabel perilaku penanggulangan malaria sebesar 17,9%. Indonesia has a risk of Malaria with the prevalence of 1.4%, incidence rate of 0.3%, and Annual Parasite Incidence (API) rate in 2015 of 0.85%. Bengkulu Province had prevalence rate of 1.5% and incidence rate of 5.7% with API rate of 2.03% which ranked 6th highest API ratein Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine association between knowledge and attitude with behavior in Malaria prevention. This research was analytical observational study with cross sectional design. Sample was randomly selected. Data were analyzedwith logistic regression test. The results showed that there was significant association between Malaria knowledge with Malaria prevention behavior (p value = 0,001; OR = 4,237), but there was no significant association between Malaria attitude with Malaria prevention behavior (p value = 0.392). The proportion of knowledge and attitude variables’ influence to Malaria prevention behavior variable was 17,9%.


IKESMA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gading Giovani PutriPutri

To realize food safety is applying good personal hygiene and sanitation.This study aims to describe personal hygiene and foodstalls sanitation of pecel tumpang in Kediri.An observational study with cross sectional design done on 20 sampels. Data performed in table with descriptive analyzed. Most of respondents had quite personal hygiene (80%), good location and building (50%), poor waste disposal (50%), poor sanitation facilities(50%), good sanitation of equipments (100%), and good clean water (90%).Somevariables indicate poor sanitation i.e. waste disposal and sanitation facilities. Keywords: personal hygiene, food stalls sanitation, pecel tumpang


Author(s):  
Prastiya Indra Gunawan ◽  
Darto Saharso

Background<br />Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe intracranial infection with fatal outcomes, permanent disabilities, and electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities. Seizures may occur in TBM. The EEG findings in TBM vary according to the site of the inflammatory process. There are few studies describing the EEG patterns and clinical manifestations of TBM. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between clinical findings and EEG patterns in children with TBM. <br /><br />Methods<br />A study of cross-sectional design using medical records was conducted on 12 children with TBM, with their EEG patterns classified as abnormal and normal. Clinical manifestations such as seizures, altered consciousness, headache or fever were collected. A positive cerebrospinal fluids Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture was considered to indicate definitive TBM. Abnormal EEG descriptions were classified into abnormal I, II or III. Correlation between EEG pattern and clinical manifestation were analyzed with Fisher’s exact test. <br /><br />Results<br />The study found cases of 12 children with TBM, the majority presenting with seizures, decreased consciousness and fever. Abnormal EEGs were found in 75% of children and 77% of them showed epileptogenic activities. The EEG results mostly described epileptogenic potentials in the frontotemporal region. There was a significant correlation between EEG abnormality and seizures in children with TBM (p&lt;0.05).<br /><br />Conclusions<br />The EEG pattern in children with TBM varies, and EEG abnormalities were more frequently localized in the frontotemporal region. Seizures were associated with EEG abnormalities in children with TBM. EEG abnormalities occurring simultaneously with seizures may predict the occurrence of seizures.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Umi Faza ◽  
Dyah Umiyarni Purnamasari ◽  
Saryono Yono

Abstract  The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with diminished appetite in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy. This study is an observational analytic research with cross sectional design. Population of this study was CKD outpatients undergoing hemodialysis therapy in July- August 2016 in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospitals. Amount of 58 subjects taken by consecutive sampling. Appetite, sex, age, length of hemodialysis, frequency of nausea/vomiting, and depression were measured using questionnaire. Subjects who diminished appetite were 58,6%. More than half subjects were male (56,9%). Amount of 84,5% subjects were adults (19-59 years), 63,8% undergoing hemodialysis >1year, 39,7% experienced nausea/ vomiting and 53,4% were depression. Based on Chi-Square Test/ Fisher Exact Test, diminished appetite significantly associated with length of hemodialysis (p=0,041), frequency of nausea/vomiting (p=0,014), and depression (p=0,002). Dominant factors affected diminished appetite were depression and length of hemodialysis. Diminished appetite in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy associated with length of hemodialysis, frequency of nausea/vomit, and depression. Keyword : appetite, chronic kidney disease, hemodialysi  Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor- faktor yang berhubungan dengan penurunan nafsu makan pada pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah pasien GGK rawat jalan yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis pada bulan Juli- Agustus 2016 di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Sebanyak 58 subjek diambil dengan cara consecutive sampling. Nafsu makan, jenis kelamin, usia, lama hemodialisis, frekuensi mual/muntah, dan depresi diukur menggunakan kuesioner. Responden yang mengalami penurunan nafsu makan sebanyak 58,6%. Lebih dari separuh responden (56,9%) berjenis kelamin laki- laki dan 84,5% responden berusia dewasa (19-59 tahun). Sebanyak 63,8% responden menjalani hemodialisis >1tahun. Responden yang mengalami mual/muntah berat sebanyak 39,7% dan 53,4% mengalami depresi. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat menggunakan Uji Chi- Square/ Fisher Exact diperoleh hasil bahwa nafsu makan berhubungan secara signifikan dengan lama hemodialisis (p=0,041), frekuensi mual/ muntah (p=0,014), dan depresi (p=0,002). Faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi penurunan nafsu makan adalah depresi dan lama hemodialisis. Penurunan nafsu makan pada pasien GGK yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis berhubungan dengan lama hemodialisis, frekuensi mual/muntah, dan depresi. Kata kunci : gagal ginjal, hemodialisa, nafsu makan  


2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Miftahul Khoirul Insan ◽  
Prananda Surya Airlangga ◽  
Lilik Djuari

Background: The Emergency Department (ED) has the main purpose of receiving, triageing, stabilizing, and providing acute health services to patients, including those who require resuscitation and emergency patients to some degree. An indicator of the success of medical treatment of emergency patients is the speed of providing adequate assistance both in daily routine situations or during disasters. Factors that influence nurses’ motivation to work, especially implementing triage at the Emergency Department include the characteristics of nurses such as age, sex, education, length of work and training. Objective: To analyze the effect of workload of the medical staff of the Emergency Department on the response time in the Emergency Department of Sampang Hospital, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Observational analytic research with cross-sectional design. Sampling was performed with total sampling method to 24 people who met the criteria. Data collection was done by questionnaire and observation. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square correlation test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: There was a significant influence between workload and response time of triage P1 of Emergency Department staff at Sampang Hospital, Indonesia (p=0.015), whereas in triage P2 and P3 there was no effect of workload of staff on response time (p>0.05). Conclusion: In Emergency Department of Sampang Hospital, Indonesia, the response time in all categories of emergency (P1/red, P2/yellow, and P3/green) is fast. Workload correlates significantly with response time in P1/red category, while in P2/yellow and P3/green categories the workload has no effect on the response time.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Elika Puspitasari ◽  
Mochammad Hakimi ◽  
Evi Nurhidayati

Abstact: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association ofsociodemographic factors with antenatal care visits. Types of analyticsurvey research with cross sectional design. Sampling with quota samplingwas obtained 100 trimester pregnant women 3. Bivariate analysis usingchi-square test. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression test. Theresults showed that the factors unrelated to ANC were Age (p-value =0.46), occupation (p-value = 0,55), knowledge (p-value = 0.88), andincome -value = 0.22). While the factors of education and distance ofpregnancy is related to antenatal care visit (p-value <0,02). ConclusionsAge, occupation, knowledge and income are unrelated to antenatal visitswhereas education and pregnancy distances are related to antenatal carevisits.


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