scholarly journals Belajar dari Kemenangan Jepang pada Perang Tsushima: Pembangunan Kekuatan Militer Melalui Industri Strategis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Dede Rusdiana ◽  
Amarulla Octavian ◽  
Yusuf Ali ◽  
Suryono Thamrin ◽  
Aris Sarjito
Keyword(s):  
Defense Industry ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Weapon System ◽  
Important Lesson ◽  
Human Resource Capacity ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
Resource Capacity

The various wars that have been passed have had implications for the development of Japanese combat conditions. One of the wars that sparked the rise of Japanese combat technology was the Tsushima War of 1905, marked by the use of new weaponry such as torpedoes and telegraphs. Japan's victory in the Tsushima War has proven that Japan has advanced weapons technology and has proven to be able to compete with Russia. This study provides a very important lesson and can be a reflection for Indonesia in the development of a naval military force. By using historical methods and defense economic theory approaches, this study discusses efforts to increase the strength of the main weapon system of the Japanese special navy. The results of the study show that the efforts made by Japan put a lot of emphasis on the strategy of developing the defense industry. The rise of the defense industry has become an integral part of military power building. In that context, Japan does not only involve the military, but also develops human resource capacity and increases research in the field of technology. The existence of good cooperation between the government, industry players, and academia is also the main pillar in the effort to build a naval military force.

Setbacks to Political Institutionalisation by Praetorianism in Africa

1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Opoku Agyeman
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
The Political ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Managerial Leadership ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military ◽  
Constitutional Changes

Praetorianism has been authoritatively defined as a situation in which ‘the military class of a given society exercises independent political power within it by virtue of an actual or threatened use of military force’.1 A praetorian state, by elaboration, is one in which the military tends to intervene and potentially could dominate the political system. The political processes of this state favor the development of the military as the core group and the growth of its expectations as a ruling class; its political leadership (as distinguished from bureaucratic, administrative and managerial leadership) is chiefly recruited from the military, or from groups sympathetic, or at least not antagonistic, to the military. Constitutional changes are effected and sustained by the militaty, and the army frequently intervenes in the government.2

scholarly journals ANALISIS KAPASITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA, KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARTAKAT LOKAL KABUPATEN MERAUKE

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Syahruddin Syahruddin
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Human Resource Capacity ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
Resource Capacity

Community empowerment needs to be the main priority of the central government and regional governments, especially local people who live in villages far from remote villages, increasing community empowerment will improve welfare and sustainable development, through social culture, government policies, and human resource capacity. The purpose of this article is how the influence of government policy, human resource capacity on the empowerment of local communities in Merauke Regency, using the method of multiple regression analysis. The results of the study illustrate that the government program is very positive and significant, with a variety of program policies to the villages with various activities and financial assistance to the village. While the influence of community resource capacity is insignificant, there are still many local village communities that still lack education levels and health levels that are still high and socio-cultural which are still strong.

scholarly journals Lessons on Government from one Non-State Entity to Another

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Baumgardner
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Important Lesson ◽  
Irish Republican Army ◽  
Art Of War ◽  
State Actors ◽  
The Government ◽  
Modern Warfare ◽  
Military Campaign ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Trinity

The great nineteenth-century military theorist Carl von Clausewitz changed the art of war forever with his masterwork, “On War.” This text illuminated one of Clausewitz’s greatest contributions to military thought: the Trinity of war. Clausewitz argued that a successful military campaign requires the balanced cooperation of three important levels of society: the political wing (the government), the military wing (the army), and the popular wing (the citizenry). In modern warfare, Clausewitz’s Trinity still remains an important lesson, especially for non-state actors. By examining the Irish Republican Army and Hezbollah, we can better understand how non-state actors balance the three branches of the Trinity and achieve their sociopolitical objectives.

Papua New Guinea: Volatile but Coupless

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. May
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
The Government ◽  
Security Operations ◽  
Civilian Authority ◽  
The Military

Before Papua New Guinea’s independence in 1975, its military consisted of a Pacific Island Regiment under the Australian Army’s Northern Command. In preparation for independence, there was considerable debate over whether the independent country should have a military force. Provision was made for the Papua New Guinea Defence Force (PNGDF) in the constitution, with a strong emphasis on the supremacy of the civilian authority. In the first decade of independence, the PNGDF was called out to assist police in internal security operations, but the priority of its role in internal security was not officially recognized until 1991. The deployment of the PNGDF to Bougainville to assist police in operations against what became the separatist Bougainville Revolutionary Army involved a heavy commitment of troops to a long-running conflict and was marked by a number of confrontations between the military and political leaders. This culminated in the Sandline affair, in which the PNGDF commander stepped in to terminate a contract between the government and the military consultants Sandline International and called on the prime minister to resign (but did not attempt to take over the government). After the Sandline affair and with the Bougainville Peace Agreement, relations between government and military improved, but several incidents involving PNGDF personnel led Prime Minister Morauta to speak of a “culture of instability” within the PNGDF and to invite a review by a Commonwealth Eminent Persons Group. Confrontations between the military and government, however, have consistently stopped short of attempted coup. The most plausible explanation for this may lie in the localized, competitive, and fractious nature of political power in Papua New Guinea, the absence of a dominant ethnic group, and the difficulties that even a legitimate, elected government has in maintaining law and order and service delivery across the country.

Civil Autonomy and Military Power in Early Modern Ireland

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheál Ó Siochrú
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Urban Society ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Military Force ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Central Argument ◽  
The Military

AbstractThe transformation of Irish towns in the early modern period (from bastions of English loyalism, to centers of Catholic resistance, to stridently Protestant colonial outposts) has received relatively little attention from historians. Instead, scholars have focused on the major land transfers of the seventeenth century, but the change in urban settlement patterns proved even more dramatic and was closely related to the positioning of civic communities in relation to the military struggles of the 1640s and 1650s. The central argument is that the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland marked a crucial and irrevocable transformation in both the possibilities of civic militarism and the nature of urban society and politics more generally. It demonstrates that during the 1640s, the citizens of Ireland’s major provincial cities participated in the troubles through strategic neutralism and the retention (or careful negotiation) of military force, acting with the fortunes of the citizenry in mind. This approach continued a tradition of relative civic autonomy, which was probably more embedded and accentuated in Ireland than either Scotland or England.

scholarly journals Pemikiran dan Gerakan Amr Ma‘rûf Nahy Munkar Front Pembela Islam (FPI) di Indonesia 1989-2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Saeful Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Military Force ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Moral Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military

<p>This article explores the history of thoughts and movements of the Front Pembela Islam (FPI) in Indonesia between 1998 and 2012. The study concludes that since many government regulations are violated by the public, including the prohibition of gambling, prostitution and other forms of disobedience and lack of firmness of the government, FPI feels the need to take the initiative to help the government fight against immorality in order to enforce <em>amr ma‘rûf nahy munkar</em>. This is done through the movement run by the military force of the FPI who often uses means of violence. In line with this study, FPI should not perform <em>nahy munkar</em> movement using any violent means, such as damaging public facilities, hurting people, and other destructive deeds. The reason is that by doing such violent actions, FPI will not even help resolving the moral problems that occur in Indonesia. In addition, the violent movement does not reflect the image of Islam as a religion of peace.</p>

scholarly journals MILITARY FORCES OF NERCHINSKY DISTRICT IN 1660–1670S. CRISIS OF DEFENSE SYSTEM OF THE EASTERN TRANSBAIKALYE

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (73) (3) ◽  
pp. 14-33
Author(s):  
E. Bagrin
Keyword(s):  
Military Force ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Qing Empire ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Slow Pace ◽  
Military Threat ◽  
Military Forces ◽  
The Government ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
The Military

The article examines the garrison of Nerchinsk district in 1660–1670s. Formation of Russian military force for defending its southeastern borders had been established during this period in Dauria. The military forces located in Nerchinsk, Telenbinsk and Itantsinsk were too small in number to resist Mongol and Qing Empire troops effectively. The replenishment of Nerchinsk garrison staff happened at a slow pace, at the same time, Daurian military forces could not be strengthened by transferring troops from other places to Transbaikalye and Amur region. Free military contingent from Western Siberian cities was diverted to countermeasure the nomads in southern Siberia. There were not enough warriors in Yakutsk district to «pacify non-peaceful foreigners». Most of warriors in Yeniseisk and Ilimsk were in various «sovereign services» and could not be sent to Dauria. The government was unable to strengthen the southeastern border with people and pursued a policy of avoiding conflicts with neighbors, but at the same time it was sending stocks of weapons and ammunition to the region in case of military threat. The article provides a list of Nerchinsk garrison members in 1675–1677.

scholarly journals Peranan Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Dalam Menata dan Membina Pedagang Kaki Lima di Kota Banda Aceh

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-246
Author(s):  
Mardiani Mardiani ◽  
Suhaimi Suhaimi ◽  
Teuku Muttaqin Mansur
Keyword(s):  
Public Order ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Human Resource Capacity ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Municipal Police ◽  
The Government ◽  
Resource Capacity ◽  
Banda Aceh

Salah satu wujud kewenangan Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja adalah penegakan Qanun Nomor 3 Tahun 2007 tentang pengaturan dan pembinaan pedagang kaki lima. Pemerintah Kota berwenang untuk menata dan membina tempat usaha pedagang kaki lima sesuai dengan Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peranan Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Banda Aceh dalam menata dan membina pedagang kaki lima dan menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengaturan dan pembinaan yang dilakukan oleh Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja terhadap pedagang kaki lima di Kota Banda Aceh. Metode Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan hukum empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Banda Aceh telah berusaha mengatasi permasalahan ketidakteraturan pedagang kaki lima dengan melakukan penataan, penertiban dan pembinaan serta pengawasan terhadap pedagang kaki lima yang masih berjualan di tempat yang sudah dilarang beraktifitas dan memindahkan para pedagang kaki lima ketempat relokasi yang telah ditetapkan. Namun kenyataannya pedagang kaki lima kembali berjualan di bahu jalan dan trotoar, karena pedagang kaki lima beranggapan akan lebih mudah dijangkau oleh pembeli dan mendapatkan keuntungan yang besar. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal berupa sumber daya manusia, sarana dan prasarana dan perangkat hukum belum tersedia. Sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi tingkat kesadaran pedagang kaki lima masih kurang dan tingkat koordinasi antar lintas sektoral kurang mendapat dukungan. One of the existences of the Municipal Police authorities is enforcing Qanun Number 3, 2007 on the Regulation and Guiding for Street Vendors. The Government has power to regulate and manage street vendors based on the municipal spatial planning. This research aims to explore the roles of the Municipal Police in making public order and guiding the street vendors, to explain factors influencing the regulation and guidance done by the Municipal Police towards the street vendors in Banda Aceh. The research method used is the empirical legal research. The research shows that the municipal police of Banda Aceh has been striving to overcome the problems of troubles of the vendors by organized, guiding and supervising the vendors who are still trading at the forbidden places for it and moving them to the relocated spaces that has been made. Nevertheless, they are coming back to trade at the forbidden places namely, vendor places as they are assuming that by trading at the places and the vendors it will be easier to sale and to get buyers and get profit bigger. Some obstacles are influencing it, namely; internal factors that human resource capacity, infrastructures and the absence of laws. Meanwhile, the external factors are comprising the level of awareness/the obedience of the vendors themselves which is lack and the inter-sectors coordination that is lack of support.

scholarly journals An Analysis Of Firm Motivation In The Defense Industry

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
John G. Beverly ◽  
Frank J. Bonello ◽  
William I. Davisson ◽  
Larry C. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Defense Industry ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Total Sales

This article considers the performance of firms in the defense industry. The analysis suggests that in terms of profitability and revenue there is no advantage to be gained by a firm from increasing the proportion of its total sales which go to the military. As a corollary to this proposition we find that the firms examined are profit maximizers and are not content to simply maximize revenue. Another conclusion to be drawn from the empirical analysis that there is a difference between high and low defense commitment firms and that this distinction occurs when the percentage of sale to the government reaches the seventeen percent level.

scholarly journals A review input factors elasticity and return to scale of cooperative: a survey on Indonesian savings-loan cooperatives

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1274
Author(s):  
Johnny Walker Situmorang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Financial Service ◽  
Human Resource Capacity ◽  
Expansion Strategy ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
Capital Intensive ◽  
Resource Capacity

This study aims to reveal the production function, return to scale, and production factors elasticity of cooperative by using Indonesia financial service cooperative (IFSC) which has a single business in the field of financial service as a sample of research. Using panel data, this study results both labour and capital factors have a significant influence IFSC production.  The IFSC industry condition is increasing return to scale (IRS). Production elasticity of capital is higher than labour force so that IFSC business expansion is faster with increasing IFSC capital. The cooperative financial services industry condition is increasing return to scale that enables IFSC business expansion.  Given the availability of IFSC resources and its operating environment, IFSC's business expansion strategy should be more labour-intensive than capital-intensive, employing more labour than capital. The government should provide support for improving human resource capacity

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