Assessment of an Impact of Mechanical Regulation on Selected Morphometric and Productive Parameters of Invasive Species Solidago Canadensis Population in Agricultural Land

Abstract Repeated mowing is considered as one of the effective control methods against species of the genus Solidago. This paper evaluates the impact of the repeated mowing on selected morphometric and productive characteristics of the invasive neophyte Solidago canadensis in the district of Rimavská Sobota in Central Slovakia. Permanent research plots (PRPs) were established within anthropogenic habitat on an abandoned land that was divided into two variants. In the first variant, the mechanical regulation - mowing was applied. The second variant was without the regulation. The mechanical regulation of the populations was carried out in June and August during the growing season 2011. The results showed that the mechanical regulation did not have a clear impact on the population density. The decreasing trend of the number of shoots within the mowed variant was found only in one research plot (PRP3). The other plots showed an increase in the number of individuals by 2.7 and 32.7% between the mowings. Statistically highly significant differences in terms of the mowing impact on the height of the individuals were found in all PRPs. The difference in the weight of dry aboveground biomass between the mowings was 221.87 g, which represents 36.41%. Double the difference (48.8%) was recorded in the dry weight of the underground biomass in the regulated stand compared with the unregulated stand (165.1 and 322.5 g/m2, respectively). Although there was a short-term success achieved by the application of the two mowings during the growing period, the pursued objective was not reached.

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Effectiveness of Use-value Assessment in Preserving Farmland: A Search-theoretic Approach

Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics ◽

10.1017/s1074070800028649 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 626-635 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Edmund M. Tavernier ◽

Farong Li

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Land ◽

Past Research ◽

Farm Income ◽

Reservation Price ◽

Theoretic Approach ◽

Use Value ◽

Value Assessment ◽

Tax Rate ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact

AbstractSearch theory is used to present a theoretically defensible model to examine the effectiveness of use value assessment (UVA) in preserving farmland. The model is empirically tractable and supports the findings of past research. The analysis considers the impact of farm income, uncertainty, and the distribution of the offer price on the effectiveness of UVA in preserving farmland and shows, through the effect on the reservation price, that for a given distribution of the offer price, property-tax rate, and the difference between market-value and use-value of land, the preservation of agricultural land only takes place within a relevant range.

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Performance of overwinter cover crops in coastal Lebanon

Lebanese Science Journal ◽

10.22453/lsj-020.1.089-103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 89-103

Author(s):

S. Rouphael ◽

◽

F. El Mekdad ◽

A. Mouawad ◽

M. Mjallal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutrient Recycling ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Effective Control ◽

Litter Bag ◽

Whole Plants ◽

The Impact ◽

To Receive

The effect of the cover crops, narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis), oat (Avena sativa), forage radish (Raphanus sativus), on weed suppressionandsoil nitrogenwas studied in field conditions overwinter. The impact of their residues on the productivity of a subsequent corn crop was followed in the summerof the same year. Between mid-November andMarch oat produced, on a dry weight basis,915 g m-2against 402 g m-2for narbon vetch and 292 g m-2for radish. Consequently, weeds were suppressed best in the presence of oat. Narbon vetchwas less effective than radishin controlling weeds, as it was slowerto get established. In terms of mineral nitrogen, soils occupied by radish (13.1 mg kg-1soil) presented smaller concentrations of ammonium-Nthanthose by vetch(18.7 mg kg-1soil)and the control(19.7 mg kg-1soil). Following the overwinter covercrops, plots were split intoone half whereroots only were incorporated,and another half receivingwhole plants. Residues of whole plants promoted higher production of corn in the booting and flowering stages, as compared to roots only. At the 50% doughstage, the highest dry matter yield was 7.6 Mgha-1afternarbon vetch. Cornyield was the smallest after oat, due to N immobilization. This was demonstrated, using the litter bag technique, when oat residues (15.6g N kg-1) lost 31% of their N against 66% for radishresidues(21.1g N kg-1).For an effective control of weeds and nutrient recycling a cover crop, such as oat, is most efficient. In this case, the succeeding summer crop needs to receive some extra nitrogen.

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Climate Change and Agricultural Adaptation in Indonesia

MIMBAR Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan ◽

10.29313/mimbar.v32i2.1841 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 243

Author(s):

Bevaola Kusumasari

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Agricultural Product ◽

Management Technique ◽

Crop Failure ◽

Plant Pest ◽

Local Practices ◽

Cultivation Technique ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact

This research strives to provide answers regarding adaptation patterns of farmers in confronting climate change in Indonesia. The method utilized for this research is a mixed method. Qualitative data was acquired through a series of focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with farmers and agricultural stakeholders in Gunung Kidul and Sleman, Indonesia. Additionally, the survey was carried out to 220 farmers in both research locations. The two research locations were chosen based on the difference in agricultural land. The findings of this research show that farmers understand climate change is occurring in their region and it influences their cultivation method. Farmers utilize their personal experiences as well as local practices in adapting to climate change. The impact most felt by farmers is crop failure and a decrease in quality and quantity of agricultural crops. The ensuing implication is that farmer’s income declines more and more. This research found that agricultural product cost increased by almost as much as 50%, whilst farmer’s income merely increased half of that, which is 25% since climate change has affected their farming. Responding to the matter, the strategy farmers employ is by changing the planting pattern, using soil cultivation technique, plant pest management technique, and watering/irrigation technique.

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Exploring the Bioethanol Production Potential of Miscanthus Cultivars

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11219949 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (21) ◽

pp. 9949

Author(s):

William Turner ◽

Darren Greetham ◽

Michal Mos ◽

Michael Squance ◽

Jason Kam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Perennial Grass ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Lignocellulose Degradation ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Glucose Content ◽

Sugar Release ◽

Growing Period ◽

Miscanthus Giganteus ◽

The Difference ◽

Pre Treatment

Miscanthus is a fast-growing perennial grass that attracts significant attention for its potential application as a feedstock for bioethanol production. This report explores the difference in the lignocellulosic composition of various Miscanthus cultivars, including Miscanthus × giganteus cultivated at the same location (mainly Lincoln, UK). It also assesses the sugar release profiles and mineral composition profiles of five Miscanthus cultivars harvested over a growing period from November 2018 to February 2019. The results showed that Miscanthus × giganteus contains approximately 45.5% cellulose, 29.2% hemicellulose and 23.8% lignin (dry weight, w/w). Other cultivars of Miscanthus also contain high quantities of carbohydrates (cellulose 41.1–46.0%, hemicellulose 24.3–32.6% and lignin 21.4–24.9%). Pre-treatment of Miscanthus using dilute acid followed by enzymatic hydrolysis released 63.7–80.2% of the theoretical glucose content. Fermentation of a hydrolysate of Miscanthus × giganteus using Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC2592 produced 13.58 ± 1.11 g/L of ethanol from 35.13 ± 0.46 g/L of glucose, corresponding to a yield of 0.148 g/g dry weight Miscanthus biomass. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphology of raw and hydrolysed Miscanthus samples, which provided visual proof of Miscanthus lignocellulose degradation in these processes. The sugar release profile showed that a consequence of Miscanthus plant growth is an increase in difficulty in releasing monosaccharides from the biomass. The potassium, magnesium, sodium, sulphur and phosphorus contents in various Miscanthus cultivars were analysed. The results revealed that these elements were slowly lost from the plants during the latter part of the growing season, for a specific cultivar, until February 2019.

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ANALISIS MOTIVASI BETERNAK SAPI POTONG BAGI PETERNAK LOKAL DAN TRANSMIGRAN SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PENDAPATAN DI KECAMATAN KAIRATU, KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT

Buletin Peternakan ◽

10.21059/buletinpeternak.v35i2.598 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 113 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christian Manase Luanmase ◽

Sudi Nurtini ◽

F. Trisakti Haryadi

Keyword(s):

Risk Taking ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Working Hours ◽

Motivation Level ◽

Convenience Sampling ◽

The Difference ◽

Materials Used ◽

The Impact ◽

Local Farmers

The study was conducted in Kairatu District, Seram Bagian Barat Regency district from July to September 2008. Materials used in this study were 96 respondents of local and transmigrant cattle beef farmers with questionnaires. The samples were drawn from 4 villages, consisting of 2 villages of local peoples and 2 villages of transmigrants using purposive sampling technique, while the 97 respondents consisted of 49 local and 47 transmigrant beef cattle farmers who were drawn using convenience sampling technique. The objectives of the study: 1) to find out the difference in the motivation and the characteristics of the local and the transmigrant farmers, 2) to investigate the impact of characteristics of the local and the transmigrant farmers on their motivation, 3) to investigate the impact of the characteristics of the local and the transmigrant farmers on their income, and 4) to investigate the correlation between breeding motivation and income. The variables measured in this study were breeding motivation, farmers characteristics and income. The data were collected and analyzed using software SPSS 17 to measure the breeding motivation level, the farmers’ characteristics and income. The results showed that the significant differences of characteristics between the local and the transmigrant farmers were age (P<0.01), education level (P<0.01), the braveness in risk taking (P<0.10), and working hours (P<0.05). The characteristics that had significant impact on the motivation were farming experience (P<0.05), number of dependants (P<0.05), width of agricultural land (P<0.10), and farmers’ dummy (P<0.01). The characteristics that had significant impact on income were age (P<0.05), education level (P<0.05), farming experience (P<0.10), cattle beef ownership (P<0.05), and farmers’s dummy (P<0.05). The motivation of transmigrant farmers have positive relations to the income (P<0.10). (Key words: Breeding motivation, Farmers characteristics, Local farmers, Transmigrant farmers, Economic motif, Non-economic motif, Income)

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Evaluation of the impact of public investment programs on social and economic performance of territories

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2019-1-109-123 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 109-123

Author(s):

I. E. Limonov ◽

M. V. Nesena

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Modeling ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Public Investment ◽

Difference In Differences ◽

The Public ◽

Export Activity ◽

Regional Investment ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Development Institution

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of public investment programs on the socio-economic development of territories. As a case, the federal target programs for the development of regions and investment programs of the financial development institution — Vnesheconombank, designed to solve the problems of regional development are considered. The impact of the public interventions were evaluated by the “difference in differences” method using Bayesian modeling. The results of the evaluation suggest the positive impact of federal target programs on the total factor productivity of regions and on innovation; and that regional investment programs of Vnesheconombank are improving the export activity. All of the investments considered are likely to have contributed to the reduction of unemployment, but their implementation has been accompanied by an increase in social inequality.

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The Use of Multimedia and its Impact on Bangladeshi EFL Learners at Tertiary Level

International Journal of Language Education ◽

10.26858/ijole.v4i2.12150 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 150

Author(s):

Farzana Sharmin Pamela Islam

Keyword(s):

Language Learning ◽

Academic Writing ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

English Language ◽

Capital City ◽

Tertiary Level ◽

Language Classroom ◽

The Difference ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact

As 21st century is the era of modern technologies with different aspects, it offers us to make the best use of them. After tape recorder and overhead projector (OHP), multimedia has become an important part of language classroom facilities for its unique and effective application in delivering and learning lesson. Although in many parts of Bangladesh, a South Asian developing country, where English enjoys the status of a foreign language, the use of multimedia in teaching and learning is viewed as a matter of luxury. However, nowadays the usefulness and the necessity of it are well recognized by the academics as well as the government. The study aims to focus on the difference between a traditional classroom void of multimedia and multimedia equipped classrooms at university level by explaining how multimedia support the students with enhanced opportunity to interact with diverse texts that give them more in-depth comprehension of the subject. It also focuses on audio-visual advantage of multimedia on the students’ English language learning. The study has followed a qualitative method to get an in-depth understanding of the impact of using multimedia in an English language classroom at tertiary level. For this purpose, the data have been collected from two different sources. Firstly, from students’ written response to an open ended question as to their comparative experience of learning lessons with and without multimedia facilities; and secondly, through observation of English language classes at a private university of Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. The discussion of the study is limited to the use of multimedia in English language classroom using cartoons, images and music with a view to enhance students’ skills in academic writing, critical analysis of image and critical appreciation of music. For this purpose, cartoons in English language, images from Google and music from You Tube have got focused discussion in this paper.

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The yield of perennial grass stands on drained organic soils of Steppe

Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection "Agriculture" ◽

10.31073/zem.90.92-97 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (90) ◽

pp. 92-97

Author(s):

I.T. Slusar ◽

V.A. Serbenyuk ◽

A.N. Gera ◽

A.P. Solyanik ◽

A.A. Tarasenko

Keyword(s):

Zinc Sulphate ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Perennial Grass ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Research Area ◽

Organic Soils ◽

Growth Promoters ◽

Cobalt Sulfate ◽

The Impact

Research on the impact of the introduction of micro fertilizers and growth promoters on a background of mineral fertilizer and without N90R45К120 spent on old peat in shallow carbonate floodplain r.Supiy, Yahotyn Kyiv region. Power peat horizon about 60-70 cm, 7,4-7,6 pH of the aqueous extract, stupas schedule 56-60%, density 0,49-0,52 assembly soil, total nitrogen content (%) - 1.9; gross forms of phosphorus - 0,4, potassium 0.2, 20% lime. In experiments studying biological rehoplant, radustym, Biolan, emistim, Jets, humisol, plantafol, radyfarm and micronutrients: copper, boric acid, manganese sulphate, zinc sulphate, potassium humates. Treatment drugs conducted in the spring by spraying mixtures. Space research area of 60 m2, three-time repetition. It is established that the use of growth stimulants and micronutrients in the background N90R45К120 provided the highest yield mixtures of years, against making BIOLan - 9.9 t / ha Radyfarmu - 9.6 t / ha Radostymu 9.3 t / ha dry weight. In areas for making other preparations were intermediate yield growth rates - 0.5 - 2.0 t / ha dry weight. Also good gains herbage yields obtained by making all kinds of micronutrients and growth stimulants in the background without making makrodobryv which was within 5.3 - 6.9 t / ha to control without fertilization - 4.5 t / ha dry weight. In deep peat copper fertilizer (25 kg / ha of copper sulphate or 5 kg / ha pirytnoho cinders) in all zones should be making every 3-4 years, and zinc, cobalt and molybdenum advisable to make time for the growing season, spring, by foliar application in such numbers: ammonium molibdenovokyslyy - 0.3 kg / ha; cobalt sulfate - 3 kg / ha zinc sulphate 0.5 kg / ha or placers these salts should be mixed with major fertilizer.

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Case study: Prediction and field tests of railway noise and effects of a low-height noise barrier

Noise Control Engineering Journal ◽

10.3397/1/376826 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 303-314

Author(s):

Yuna Park ◽

Hyo-In Koh ◽

University of Science and Technology, Transpo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Field Tests ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Railway Systems ◽

Railway Noise ◽

Sound Levels ◽

Noise Barrier ◽

The Difference ◽

Reduction Effect ◽

The Impact

Railway noise is calculated to predict the impact of new or reconstructed railway tracks on nearby residential areas. The results are used to prepare adequate counter- measures, and the calculation results are directly related to the cost of the action plans. The calculated values were used to produce noise maps for each area of inter- est. The Schall 03 2012 is one of the most frequently used methods for the production of noise maps. The latest version was released in 2012 and uses various input para- meters associated with the latest rail vehicles and track systems in Germany. This version has not been sufficiently used in South Korea, and there is a lack of standard guidelines and a precise manual for Korean railway systems. Thus, it is not clear what input parameters will match specific local cases. This study investigates the modeling procedure for Korean railway systems and the differences between calcu- lated railway sound levels and measured values obtained using the Schall 03 2012 model. Depending on the location of sound receivers, the difference between the cal- culated and measured values was within approximately 4 dB for various train types. In the case of high-speed trains, the value was approximately 7 dB. A noise-reducing measure was also modeled. The noise reduction effect of a low-height noise barrier system was predicted and evaluated for operating railway sites within the frame- work of a national research project in Korea. The comparison of calculated and measured values showed differences within 2.5 dB.

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The impact of land reform on the development of united territorial communities

Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of Ukraine ◽

10.36818/2071-4653-2020-1-4 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 29-33

Author(s):

Tamara Smovzhenko ◽

Oryslava Korkuna ◽

Ivan Korkuna ◽

Ulyana Khromyak

Keyword(s):

Land Reform ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Public Lands ◽

Living Standards ◽

The Public ◽

Legal Documents ◽

Practical Research ◽

The Impact ◽

Land Code

Nowadays, according to decentralization and current legislation (Land Code of Ukraine, Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine «On Self-Governance»), the public lands have been transferred to the CTCs since 1 February 2018. In 2018/2019, 788 CTCs received communal ownership of 1.68 ha of public lands. According to the Draft Law «On Amendments to Several Legal Documents of Ukraine on Agricultural Lands Turnover», the consolidated territorial communities become the legal entities and can acquire property rights to agricultural land plots. Therefore, transferring the lands to be used by the newly created CTCs is currently an urgent issue that requires extended scientific and practical research. The paper aims to research the role of land reform in Ukraine and its impact on increase of CTCs’ budget revenues. The stages of land reform and the development of the land reform in Ukraine as well as its implementation strategy are outlined. The disparities of the integrated satellite map and the data of the Land Cadaster of Ukraine in terms of unregistered lands are defined. The amount of a CTC budget’s increased revenues due to the reform is estimated. Statistical data on small, medium, and large farmers and their interest in the land reform are analyzed. The terms of selling the land to foreign investors and conditions of participation in land auctions are examined. The mechanisms of land purchase, selling, and lease in line with the land reform are suggested. Generalizing the presented aspects of the land reform in Ukraine and their impact on economic activity of the newly created CTCs, it can be argued that the process is quite positive and necessary for both communities and businesses in order to get additional budget revenues for CTCs. The land reform improves the living standards of Ukrainian people through the disclosure of the country’s agricultural capacity.

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