Prevalence and risk factors associated with endoparasitosis of dogs and cats in Espírito Santo, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diefrey Ribeiro Campos ◽  
Luanna Castro Oliveira ◽  
Daniele Fassina de Siqueira ◽  
Lívia Reisen Perin ◽  
Nayara Camatta Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Espirito Santo

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for the occurrence of endoparasitosis in dogs and cats in Espírito Santo, Brazil. For the study, 345 dogs and 160 cats were examined. Faecal samples from the animals were collected, and owners were interviewed about their handling of their animals. For the diagnosis of the infections, the Willis-Molley, simple centrifugal flotation and formalin-ether sedimentation techniques were performed. The data found in the tests were tabulated and analysed with a chi-square test (p <0.05), and calculation of odds ratios (OR) with confidence intervals of 95% were then performed to determine the association between the variables and the outcome of stool examinations. The prevalence of parasites was 59% for dogs and 54% for cats. The genus

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Estrela ◽  
Cláudio Rodrigues Leles ◽  
Augusto César Braz Hollanda ◽  
Marcelo Sampaio Moura ◽  
Jesus Djalma Pécora
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Technical Quality ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults. A total of 1,372 periapical radiographs of endodontically treated teeth were analyzed based on the quality of root filling, status of coronal restoration and presence of posts associated with apical periodontitis (AP). Data were analyzed statistically using odds ratio, confidence intervals and chi-square test. The prevalence of AP with adequate endodontic treatment was low (16.5%). This percentage dropped to 12.1% in cases with adequate root filling and adequate coronal restoration. Teeth with adequate endodontic treatment and poor coronal restoration had an AP prevalence of 27.9%. AP increased to 71.7% in teeth with poor endodontic treatment associated with poor coronal restoration. When poor endodontic treatment was combined with adequate coronal restoration, AP prevalence was 61.8%. The prevalence of AP was low when associated with high technical quality of root canal treatment. Poor coronal restoration increased the risk of AP even when endodontic treatment was adequate (OR=2.80; 95%CI=1.87-4.22). The presence of intracanal posts had no influence on AP prevalence.

scholarly journals Surgical Site Infections (SSI) and factors associated in a private tertiary care teaching hospital in Raichur, Karnataka, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 2899
Author(s):  
Prashanta Swami Pujar ◽  
K. B. Phuleker ◽  
Nagaraj Bhalki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Prevention of Surgical site infection (SSI) remains a focus of attention because wound infections continue to be a major source of expense, morbidity, and even mortality. Three quarters of deaths of surgical patients with SSIs are attributed to nosocomial infections, nearly all of which are organ/space infections. The objective of the present study was to estimate the incidence of SSI and to study the various risk factors associated with SSI.Methods: This is a prospective study of 180 eligible cases eligible subjects, who underwent various surgeries in the department of General Surgery after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study conducted at the Navodaya Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Raichur. The tenure for the study was April 2017 to June 2017. Data was collected using pretested proforma. Data was analysed using SPSS version 16. Chi -square test and multiple logistic regression was applied to know the association between various risk factors and occurrence of SSI.Results: Among 180 patients 33 (18.33%) developed surgical site infections (SSI). Among 33 SSIs 25 (75.76%) were grade 3 and 8 (24.24%) were grade 4 infections. SSIs were found more commonly among patients over 50 years, diabetics, HIV infected patients, patients with longer duration of surgery and associations with these factors were found statistically significant.Conclusions: The incidence rate of SSI was quite high, and its end results will have a greater impact on patients as well as on healthcare systems. Prevention of SSI requires multipronged approach targeting both patient related and procedure related risk factors in pre- operative, intra-operative, and post-operative period.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with intramammary colonization with Mollicutes in dairy cattle from Southeast Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Nunes de Morais ◽  
Danielle Regis Pires ◽  
Nathalie Costa da Cunha ◽  
Leandro dos Santos Machado ◽  
Michel Abdalla Helayel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Intramammary Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Southeast Brazil ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Polymerase Chain

ABSTRACT: Bacteria of Mollicutes Class are associated with intramammary infection and decrease in milk production. This study investigated the occurrence of Mollicutes and elucidated their risk factors in dairy herds from Southeast Brazil. For this, milk samples from 387 lactation cows from Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo States were subjected to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Mollicutes. Species of Mycoplasma were investigated in Mollicutes positive samples by PCR, including Mycoplasma bovis, M. alkalescens, M. bovigenitalium, M. bovirhinis, M. arginini and A. laidlawii. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied to collect data on possible risk factors, which were assessed using Pearson’s Chi-square test followed by odds ratio (P≤0.05). Mollicutes were reported in 21% (4/19) of the herds and 4% (16/387) of the animals, while 1% (5/387) were positive for M. bovis and 3% (11/387) for M. arginini. All samples were negative to the other agents. Herds with more than 150 animals [OR=3.51 (95% CI 1.11-11.08)], manual milking [OR=9.97 (95% CI 2.80-35.49)] and not-milking animals with mastitis last [OR=6.54 (95% CI 1.92-22.29)] were risk factors. The presence of these conditions may favor intramammary infection by Mollicutes in dairy herds from Southeast Brazil. This is the first report of M. bovis in Rio de Janeiro and M. arginini in the studied states.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HTLV-I/II infection in low-income postpartum and pregnant women in Greater Metropolitan Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 668-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Helena Mello de Lima ◽  
Maria Carmen Viana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Espirito Santo

Sexually transmitted infections during pregnancy pose a major risk to the fetus due to vertical transmission. The study's objective was to determine the prevalence of HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C, and HTLV-I/II infection among low-income postpartum and pregnant women treated in Greater Metropolitan Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil, and the risk factors associated with these infections. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to October 1999 assessing postpartum and pregnant women from the maternity ward of the Vitória Mercy Hospital and the Carapina Outpatient Referral Unit in the Municipality of Serra, respectively. Patients were systematically interviewed and had blood samples drawn for serological tests (HIV 1&2, VDRL, HbsAg, anti-HCV, and HTLV-I/II). A total of 534 patients (332 postpartum and 202 pregnant women) were assessed. Seroprevalence rates for the target infections in postpartum and pregnant women and the overall sample were as follows, respectively: HIV 0.9%, 0%, and 0.6%; syphilis 2.1%, 3.6%, and 2.7%; HBV 1.2%, 1%, and 1.1%; HCV 1.8%, 0.6%, and 1.4%; and HTLV-I/II 1.7%, 0.6%, and 1.3%. Factors associated with the various infections are presented and analyzed in light of other research findings from the literature.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Víctor Hernández Ramírez ◽  
Soila Maribel Gaxiola Camacho ◽  
Ignacio Osuna Ramirez ◽  
Idalia Enríquez Verdugo ◽  
Nohemí Castro del Campo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Epidemiological Risk ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
The City

Veterinaria México OA ISSN: 2448-6760Cite this as:Hernández Ramírez CV, Gaxiola Camacho SM, Osuna Ramirez I, Enríquez Verdugo I, Castro del Campo N, López Moreno HS. Prevalence and risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa. Veterinaria México OA 2017;4(2).doi: 10.21753/vmoa.2.2.369Domestic dogs transmit Leptospira spp. to humans, and determining the health risk that they represent is of paramount importance. To determine the seroprevalence and main risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa, we obtained serum samples from 165 dogs. The samples were stored at -40 °C and were analysed by the microbiology laboratory at Centro Nacional de Sanidad Animal using the leptospirosis microscopic agglutination test. Additionally, a survey was performed to identify epidemiological risk factors, and statistical inference was determined using chi-square test, odd ratios, and logistic regression with a statistical significance set at P < 0.05. The prevalence of Leptospira was 9 % (15/165), and we identified seven serovars: canicola 17 (46 %), icterohaemorrhagiae (40 %), bratislava (40 %), grippotyphosa (33 %), shermani (33 %), pyrogenes (20 %) and ballum (13 %). Based on our epidemiological survey, the risk factors associated with the detection of antibodies against Leptospira include the permanent habitation of pets in courtyards (OR = 4.6, P < 0.05) and presence of water stored in drums and basins (OR = 3.25, P < 0.05). The prevalence of leptospirosis in dogs indicates that the disease is present in the city of Culiacan and that leptospiral antibodies in dogs increase in poor sanitary conditions with stored water, which increases the potential risk of infection for both humans and animals.Figure 1. Frequency of observed serovars of Leptospira

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics And Analysis Of Risk Factors For Disease Progression Of COVID-19 Among Patients Within Wad Medani Isolation Centers, Gezira State: A Prospective Cohort Study From Sudan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yousif Elnaeem Yousif ◽  
Moh.Mah.Fadel Allah Eljack ◽  
Osman Amir ◽  
Mohammed Alfatih ◽  
Akram Khalid Al Tigany Al Shiekh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background : (COVID-19) had a great impact on the world’s health systems since December 2019. A little is known about the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity in Sudanese Patients; therefor it is necessary to summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 and to explore the risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity. Methods : A one-year retrospective cohort study (May 2020- May2021) was done at three isolation centers in Wad Medani. Sample contained all COVID-19 patients who are over 18 years old and were confirmed to be COVID-19 by nucleic acid testing or features Suggestive of Covid19 on Chest CT scan. Results : This study included 418 patients confirmed COVID-19 cases with a median age of 66.3±13years. 179 (64.2%) patients were men. Hypertension (n=195; 46.7%) and diabetes (n=187; 44.7%) were the most common comorbidities. The most common symptoms at COVID-19 onset were fever (n=303; 72.5%), cough (n=278; 66.5%) and dyspnea (n= 256; 61.2%). the overall mortality rate was 35.4% (n=148). The morality rate was 42.3% (n=118) among patients with severe disease. The Chi-square test and ANOVA analysis revealed that older age, anemia, neutrophilia and lymphcytopenia, higher glucose levels, HbA1c levels and creatinine levels were variables associated with severe COVID-19. In inflammatory markers, the levels of CRP and d-dimer were elevated in severe infection more than moderate and mild infections. Conclusion : Patients with these factors are more likely to deteriorate into severe infection and have higher mortality rate than those without these factors.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR RISIKO YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PLASENTA PREVIA PADA IBU BERSALIN DI RSUD DAYA KOTA MAKASSAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudiarsi Eppang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of

The aim of the study: To determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of placenta previa in mothers who gave birth at RSUD Daya Makassar City. Method: Quantitative Research, with a cross sectional approach. The design of this study was used with the goal to knowing the risk factors associated with the incidence of placenta previa in mothers who gave birth at RSUD Daya Kota Makassar in 2020. The population in this study were all mothers who experienced placenta previa recorded as data in the INC room at RSUD. Daya City of Makassar in 2020. The sample in this study were women who experienced placenta previa recorded in the INC room data at RSUD Daya Kota Makassar in 2020. Results: This study shows that 15 respondents studied showed that there was a relationship between age, parity, history of curettage, and the distance between pregnancies to the incidence of placenta previa. Based on the results of the chi square test, the results obtained were age (p = 0.019), parity (p = 0.005), history of curettage (p = 0.020) and pregnancy distance (p = 0.020). Conclusion: in this study there is a significant relationship between age, parity, history of curettage, and the distance between pregnancies to the incidence of placenta previa at RSUD Daya Kota Makassar. Suggestion: Suggestions for health workers need to increase antenatal supervision of pregnant women who have a history of obstetrics, so that risky pregnant women can be managed properly

Work-Related Skin Diseases Among Workers in the Sewing Section at PT. X Shoe Company in West Java

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendra Hendra ◽  
Eva Nirwana ◽  
Marzuki Isahak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
West Java ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Chi Square Test

Occupational skin diseases are the most common work-related diseases in many countries. Shoe industry workers are potential to be affected by work-related skin diseases (WRSDs). This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with WRSDs among workers in the sewing section at a shoe company in West Java. A total of 477 workers were examined and interviewed using the modified Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire-2002/LONG from May 2016 to July 2016. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors related to WRSDs. The results showed that 57.7% of the workers suffered from WRSDs. Most of the workers (71.7%) did not wear gloves while working; however, they washed their hands adequately at work (67.1%). Multivariate analysis indicated that a term of work, allergy records, organic dust exposure and duration of exposure per day, handwashing habits, and use of gloves while working were significant to WRSDs. Having allergy records and not wearing gloves were the two dominant factors associated with WRSDs (odds ratio: 6.743 and 6.224, respectively). Understanding the importance of using chemical protective gloves while working and washing hands with running water are essential for the proper implementation of protective measures to ensure worker's safety and health.

scholarly journals Relative Age Effects in Basketball: Exploring the Selection into and Successful Transition Out of a National Talent Pathway

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Adam L. Kelly ◽  
Sergio Lorenzo Jiménez Sáiz ◽  
Alberto Lorenzo Calvo ◽  
Alfonso de la Rubia ◽  
Daniel T. Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Successful Transition ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Playing Time

Relative age effects (RAEs) appear consistently prevalent throughout the youth basketball literature. However, the selection into and successful transition out of a national talent pathway in basketball is yet to be explored. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to explore the influence of relative age, gender, and playing time based on the selection into the Regional Talent Hubs and Basketball England youth teams (U16, U18, and U20) and the successful transition into the England National Senior Teams. Participants who were selected into the male (n = 450) and female (n = 314) Basketball England Talent Pathway were allocated into one of three cohorts: (a) Regional Talent Hubs (U12 to U15; n = 183), (b) England National Youth Teams (U16, U18, and U20; n = 537), and (c) England National Senior Teams (n = 44). A chi-square test was used to compare the birth quarter (BQ) distributions of each cohort against the expected distributions, with a Cramer’s V (Vc) used to interpret effect sizes. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals were also calculated to compare the likelihood of each BQ being represented. Males revealed significant RAEs across both the Regional Talent Hubs (p < 0.001, Vc > 0.29, OR = 10) and England National Youth Teams (p < 0.001, Vc > 0.17, OR = 3.1). In comparison, females only had significant RAEs in the Regional Talent Hubs (p < 0.001, Vc > 0.29, OR = 2.3). Despite RAEs being prevalent throughout youth levels, there were no significant differences in the BQ distribution based on playing time and those who made the successful transition to the England National Senior Teams. These findings demonstrate the potential mechanisms of RAEs in basketball, as well as the impetus to explore more equitable competition structures within the England Basketball Talent Pathway.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with overweight and obesity among reproductive aged (15–49) years females in urban areas of Rajbiraj Municipality, Saptari

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Chandani Shah ◽  
Pallavi Vyas Jaisani ◽  
Madan Pandey ◽  
Om Prakash Sah ◽  
Mukundha Jha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women

Overweight and obesity has threatened the modern world not only in developed countries but equally in developing countries like Nepal. The study therefore aimed to assess the risk factors associated with overweight and obesity among reproductive aged women residing in Rajbiraj Municipality. A cross-sectional descriptive study was done on reproductive aged females (15-49 years) using a structured questionnaire. Weight, height, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured to determine indicators related to overweight and obesity. The anthropometric measurements were then analysed using WHO and IDF criteria. Microsoft excel 2007 and SPSS version 20 were used to analyze data. Chi square test was used to analyze the factors associated with BMI, WC and WHR cut-offs. The results showed a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in reproductive aged females residing in Rajbiraj. Hence, concerned agencies should launch appropriate programs to combat the factors.

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