scholarly journals Politics of Sight: Civilizational Mission of Modern Warfare

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Harsha Senanayake ◽  
Mukul Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Modern Warfare ◽  
Modern War

AbstractCivilization is not what it means and it is not eliminating brutality, and yet it would frame uncivilized elements within the civilized framework with legitimacy. However, the thrust of civilization has not been towards the elimination of such acts altogether, but towards hiding such acts out of sight, making the individual oblivious to their true nature due to a lack in ability to visualize and therefore, to fully cognize. The paper critically examines in what ways the concept of concealment and distance hijacked by modern warfare and technology to remove the sense of violence from the cognition by creating an illusionary image of civilization. The phenomenon of modern war is a similar representation of modernity’s betrayed promises. The purpose of this research paper is to employ the conceptual framework of Politics of sight offered by Pachirat in his work “Every Twelve Seconds”, to show how the war in the modern world does not disappear but is made acceptable through concealment and distancing. The case study method along with the discourse analysis has been employed to derive the politics of sights and modern warfare, and it is based on a wide range of sources, both primary and secondary. In conclusion, the paper argues that the modern battlefield differs significantly from its pre-modern counterpart, in that it is governed by many rules articulated in terms of humanitarian law and operationalised by technologies, which, to many, might serve as an apparent indicator of civility. However, a discursive reading into modern warfare, structures and apparatuses built around it, and technologies that enable it might indicate otherwise.

Creativity from perspective of axiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
A. V Kiriakova ◽  
◽  
V.V. Moroz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Collective Creativity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Individual

Interest in creativity as a subject of research has been growing exponentially since the second half of the 20th century in all areas of human history. A wide range of both domestic and foreign studies allows authors to assert that creativity is a personality trait, inherent to one degree or another. Whereas the development of such trait becomes an urgent necessity in the new reality. The entire evolutionary process of the social development illustrates its dependence on personal and collective creativity. The aim of this research is to study the phenomenon of creativity through the perspective of axiology, i.e. the science of values. Axiology allows us to consider the realities of the modern world from the perspective of not only external factors, circumstances and situations, but also of deep value foundations. Creativity has been studied quite deeply from the point of view of psychology: the special characteristics of a creative person, stages of the creative process, the relationship between creative and critical thinking, creativity and intelligence. Some psychologists emphasize motivation, creative skills, interdisciplinary knowledge, and the creative environment as the main components that contribute to the development of creativity. The authors of the article argue that values and value orientations towards cognition, creativity, self-realization and self-expression are the drivers of creativity. In a broad sense, values as a matrix of culture determine the attitude of society to creativity, to the development of creativity of the individual and the creative class, and to how economically successful a given society will be. Since innovation and entrepreneurship are embodied creativity. Thus, the study of creativity from the perspective of axiology combines the need for a deep study of this phenomenon and the subjective significance of creativity in the context of new realities

scholarly journals BIM and DfMA: A Paradigm of New Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9591
Author(s):  
Sepehr Abrishami ◽  
Rocío Martín-Durán
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Wide Range

The main goal of this study is to explore the adoption of a design for manufacturing and assembly (DfMA) and building information management (BIM) approach during the whole lifecycle of assets. This approach aims to tackle issues inherent in the design of traditional construction methods, such as low productivity and quality, poor predictability and building performance, and energy use, through the implementation of a BIM library of off-site components. In recent years, a renewed interest has been directed to the attempt to provide solutions to these urgent problems through the adoption of new advancements in technologies. However, while there are studies focussing on a BIM-DfMA approach, there is a lack of research regarding how this approach should be adopted during the whole lifecycle of the assets. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, defining an efficient way of developing a component-based BIM object library has not yet been included in any of the available studies. A mixed methodology approach has been used in this research. A conceptual framework was developed as the result of an extensive literature review to investigate new advancements in the AEC sector. Following the literature review, the framework was tested and validated through a case study based on the production and adoption of a BIM library of off-site components at the design stage of an asset. The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry has recognised the necessity of a new approach that helps to resolve the well-known issues presented in traditional methods of construction. The conceptual framework and case study proposed presents a valuable new method of construction that support the implementation of a BIM and DfMA approach, highlighting their benefits. This framework has been created using many valuable and reliable sources of information. The result of this research supports the idea of a novel new construction method that focuses on a manufacturing-digital-driven industry, with the use of DfMA in a BIM-integrated approach. This novel method will add significance and be beneficial for a wide range of aspects in the construction sector, contributing to the theoretical and practical domain.

scholarly journals The Transition from Natural/Traditional Goods to Organic Products in an Emerging Market

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Iulia Diana Nagy ◽  
Dan-Cristian Dabija
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Varied Range ◽  
The Individual

The consumption of natural, green, organic products represents an increasingly important subject for contemporary society, organizations, consumers and researchers. Demographic and cultural factors, traditions and consumption habits, along with the individual desire to adopt a healthy lifestyle in accordance with principles of sustainability and environmental protection are relevant vectors in the search, choice and consumption of green products. Producers and retailers have identified the interest of modern consumers, introducing a varied range of green grocery and non-food products to match expectations and needs. Using the case study method, this paper highlights the transition of the organic market in an emerging European country: Romania. During the era of state economy, organic and natural products were interchangeable, but after liberalization of the market, the rise of the organic sector began with the establishment of inspection and certification bodies, establishment of procedures, and the appearance of specialized agricultural farms, processors and sellers. Consumers understood soon enough the advantages and benefits of organic products and a healthy lifestyle, and the market for organic products has been developing steadily. We show the current state of development and discuss its evolution, outlining the different market statistics, and making recommendations regarding future development possibilities.

scholarly journals KONFLIK PEMBEBASAN LAHAN PEMBANGUNAN BENDUNGAN JATIGEDE DI DESA WADO

SOSIETAS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthi Amalia ◽  
Elly Malihah
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Know How ◽  
The People ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The research talks about the conflict of the land acquisition of Jatigede dam construction at Wado, Sumedang. This research has a purpose to know how the process of a land acquisition is, the causative factors of a land acquisition, the impacts of a land acquisition and the conflict resolution for the land acquisition of Jatigede dam construction in Wado. This research usedqualitative approach and case study method. The data collected with observation technique, deep interview and documentation study. The research informant consists of the land acquisition committee, the institution in Wado,the society figure and the people who got the impact. The result of this research shows that the process of a land acquisition make horizontal conflict and vertical conflict come up which caused by the individual differences and had a impact on social system and society economic. Active participation and teamwork is the most effective effort in solving the conflict of the land acquisition of Jatigede dam construction.

scholarly journals Flexible and consistent quantile estimation for intensity–duration–frequency curves

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 6479-6494
Author(s):  
Felix S. Fauer ◽  
Jana Ulrich ◽  
Oscar E. Jurado ◽  
Henning W. Rust
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Skill Score ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Flexible Model

Abstract. Assessing the relationship between the intensity, duration, and frequency (IDF) of extreme precipitation is required for the design of water management systems. However, when modeling sub-daily precipitation extremes, there are commonly only short observation time series available. This problem can be overcome by applying the duration-dependent formulation of the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution which fits an IDF model with a range of durations simultaneously. The originally proposed duration-dependent GEV model exhibits a power-law-like behavior of the quantiles and takes care of a deviation from this scaling relation (curvature) for sub-hourly durations (Koutsoyiannis et al., 1998). We suggest that a more flexible model might be required to model a wide range of durations (1 min to 5 d). Therefore, we extend the model with the following two features: (i) different slopes for different quantiles (multiscaling) and (ii) the deviation from the power law for large durations (flattening), which is newly introduced in this study. Based on the quantile skill score, we investigate the performance of the resulting flexible model with respect to the benefit of the individual features (curvature, multiscaling, and flattening) with simulated and empirical data. We provide detailed information on the duration and probability ranges for which specific features or a systematic combination of features leads to improvements for stations in a case study area in the Wupper catchment (Germany). Our results show that allowing curvature or multiscaling improves the model only for very short or long durations, respectively, but leads to disadvantages in modeling the other duration ranges. In contrast, allowing flattening on average leads to an improvement for medium durations between 1 h and 1 d, without affecting other duration regimes. Overall, the new parametric form offers a flexible and enhanced performance model for consistently describing IDF relations over a wide range of durations, which has not been done before as most existing studies focus on durations longer than 1 h or day and do not address the deviation from the power law for very long durations (2–5 d).

scholarly journals Education of conservators-restorers at academies and faculties of art

2021 ◽  
pp. 286-299
Author(s):  
Daniela Korolija-Crkvenjakov ◽  
Dubravka Đukanović
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Education ◽  
Conservation Education ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Training Models ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
Emotional Value ◽  
Applied Arts

Cultural goods are recorded, valorised, processed, preserved, conserved and restored because of the artistic, cultural-historical and documentary values attributed to them. In addition to these, they have other values and functions that must be taken into account. For example, the religious value of a cult object, the emotional value of a certain object in personal ownership, material value and others. A wide range of materials and artistic techniques requires specific knowledge that must be possessed by experts in the field of conservation and restoration. The subject of interest in this paper is education in the field of conservation and restoration of works of fine and applied arts. How are those who will deal with conservation and restoration of such values educated in the modern world? What knowledge and skills do they need and what training models are there? Do conservators of works of art stand out among conservators of different specialisations? What is the tradition of conservation education in Serbia? How can academies and faculties of art be places of quality education for conservators-restorers? The paper analyses different European models of conservation education, as well as the changes that have occurred with the shift of conservation as a craft to a defined profession which requires higher education. It is also discussed how such changes, through university education reforms, have affected the level of skills and knowledge conservators need, as well as whether these changes have led to the recognition of conservation and restoration of cultural heritage as a science. Among the various possibilities for the education of conservators at higher education institutions in Serbia, master academic studies in Conservation and Restoration of Works of Fine and Applied Arts at the Academy of Arts in Novi Sad is analysed as a case study.

scholarly journals Integrasi Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Baduy Pada Bahan Ajar Tematik Kelas 4 Sekolah Dasar

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Dwi Kurniasih ◽  
Andika Arisetyawan
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Product Model ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Thematic Learning

Elementary schools in Indonesia have been implementing the 2013 Curriculum by using thematic learning. Teaching material that integrated with values and cultures is really needed since considering the conservative role of the curriculum as a means of relevant values and culture and the evaluative role that supports the choice of values and culture that will be inherited. Local wisdoms have been chosen as an inheritage culture for generations. One of them is the Baduy community in Banten. Baduy is one of unique tribe living in harmony with nature and avoiding the life of the modern world. This research tried to explore how to integrate the local wisdom of the Baduy community into a thematic teaching material. Researchers used qualitative research with ethnographic design with case study method. The data were collected by the triangulation technique and were analyzed using the Spradley model. The result described that the values of the local wisdom of the Baduy community in the form of preserving nature, humility, and mutual cooperation can be integrated into teaching material with through product model. For the maximum results, it can be supported by lesson plan, media, and the teacher's ability to present the teaching materials.

scholarly journals Means, Motives and Opportunity: determinants of community health worker performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. e001790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparna John ◽  
Thomas Newton-Lewis ◽  
Shuchi Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Worker Performance ◽  
Performance Problem ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Job Role

The performance of community health workers (CHWs) typically depends on the interaction between their motivation (their intent to achieve personal and organisational goals) and the constraints that they face in doing so. These constraints can be both at the individual level, for example, whether the worker has the skills and knowledge required to deliver on their job role, and the organisational level, for example, whether the worker is provided with the resources required to perform. Designing interventions to improve the performance of CHWs requires identifying the constraints to performance in a particular context. Existing frameworks on CHW performance tend to be derived empirically, identifying a broad range of intervention design and contextual factors that have been shown to influence CHW performance. These may not always be able to guide policy makers to identify the precise cause of a specific performance problem in a particular context and develop an appropriate policy response. This article presents a framework to help practitioners and researchers diagnose the constraints to performance of CHWs and guide programmatic and policy responses. The Means, Motives and Opportunity (MMO) framework has been adapted from the SaniFOAM framework used to identify the determinants of sanitation behaviours. It is based on three interdependent and interacting domains: means (whether an individual is capable of performing), motives (whether an individual wants to perform) and opportunity (whether the individual has the chance to perform). A wide range of data sources are expected to be used when applying the MMO framework, especially qualitative research that captures the perspectives and lived realities of CHWs and their communities. In this article, we demonstrate how the MMO framework can be applied to identify the constraints to CHW performance using the case study of Anganwadi Workers (village nutrition workers) in Bihar, India.

scholarly journals Dialogue between the individual and the state in contemporary Russian society

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Roman Bogatyrev ◽  
Nadezhda Kapustina ◽  
Maya Nachkebiya ◽  
Tatiana Perutskaya
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Effective Development

This article discusses the important aspects of the dialogue between the individual and the state in modern times. The importance of interaction between the government and the society in the modern world is one of the most urgent tasks for young researchers and for the society as a whole. Emphasizing the importance of strengthening and developing a democratic state governed by the rule of law, researchers identify a wide range of factors that have a direct impact on the positive and effective development of interaction between the government and the society. One such factor is the model of individual-state dialogue. The study of such a dialogue from an anthropological point of view will make it possible to highlight the most successful models of interaction between the society authorities to create effective management mechanisms that affect both the quality of citizens’ life and the development of the state as a whole in a positive way. For a more detailed study of the models of building a dialogue between the individual and the state, it is necessary to consider the existing examples of interaction and analyze the historical aspects of the relationship between the society and the state. The modern practice of state and municipal governing strives to make the government more transparent and open to citizens, such a policy contributes to the maximum involvement of citizens in the public and political life of the state. The article also deals with the issues of involving citizens in the social and political life of the society; it discusses the motivational measures and the policy of the state in the field of engaging citizens in interaction and establishment of a meaningful, effective dialogue between the society and the state.

scholarly journals Patterns of Trust and Collaboration among Nonprofit Organizations and Health Funds: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vered Reiter ◽  
Shay S. Tzafrir ◽  
Nathaniel Laor
Keyword(s):  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Collaboration Process ◽  
The Individual

The importance of collaboration between organizations, especially in the modern world, has been discussed extensively by researchers from different fields. Yet, the importance of the context, trust dynamics, and the employment social environment, such as the interplay among these factors, i.e., trust, individual behavior, and political behavior, has been less studied. This study evaluates the role of trust in and between organizations on successful collaboration processes. Using qualitative methodology, we interviewed 11 senior directors who were involved in a specific case-study of collaboration among four major organizations as well as direct observation, documentation, and archive records. Our findings emphasize the importance of analyzing multilevel trust, interpolitics, and intrapolitics, even when success is at stake. We suggest that managers have to account for emotional involvement at the individual level, even when successful organizational-level collaboration occurs. Overall, we found that there are two aspects of trust in a collaboration process between organizations: system’s aspect and personal aspect. Each aspect is influenced by various factors, mainly different goals and interest and lack of procedures or regulations (from the system’s aspect) and feelings of vagueness in goals and managerial procedures as well as feelings of exploitation (from the personal aspect). In addition, we found that past acquaintances, mutual experience, and shared visions raise the level of trust, which in turn affects the reciprocal relations and therefore the collaboration process resulting in higher social effectiveness for social services.

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