Effect of Length of False Banana Fibre (Ensete ventricosum) on Mechanical Behaviour under Tensile Loading

Abstract The effect of gauge length of false banana fibre (Ensete ventricosum) on the tensile strength, volume energy, and modulus of elasticity under tensile loading was examined. Fibres of gauge length L0 (mm) 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mm were prepared and tested until rupture point at strain rate of 0.05 min−1. Mathematical models describing the mechanical behaviour of the varying gauge lengths were presented. With the increasing gauge length of fibre, the tensile strength and volume energy decreased while the values of modulus of elasticity increased. The theoretical model describing the mechanical behaviour of Ensete fibre under tensile loading presented herein provides useful information for the fibres application in industry. The determined models could be used as a background for further research focused on Ensete fibre application.

Download Full-text

Effect of temperature and moisture content on tensile behaviour of false banana fibre (Ensete ventricosum)

International Agrophysics ◽

10.1515/intag-2016-0067 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 377-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Cestmir Mizera ◽

David Herak ◽

Petr Hrabe ◽

Abraham Kabutey

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Mechanical Behaviour ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Tensile Behaviour ◽

Ensete Ventricosum ◽

Banana Fibre

Abstract The mechanical behaviour of natural fibres as composite materials can be affected by changes in temperature and moisture content. The aim of this paper was to describe the effect of temperature and moisture content on tensile strength of false banana fibre (Ensete ventricosum) and to determine its water absorption. Samples of fibres were prepared and tested until rupture point with strain rate of 0.05 min−1 at temperature change between −20 and 220°C as well as moisture content between 10 and 90% wb. The water absorption and release of Ensete fibres at 60 and 90% relative humidity was also determined. Results showed that Ensete fibres exhibited stability of tensile strength in the temperature range from 0 to 100°C but the increase of temperature decreased statistically significantly the tensile strength. The effect of moisture content on tensile strength was not statistically significant. The equilibrium moisture content at 60% relative humidity and 25°C was determined.

Download Full-text

Variables affecting the strength of balsa wood

The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design ◽

10.1243/03093247v114225 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 225-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

P D Soden ◽

R D McLeish

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Mechanical Behaviour ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Reinforced Composites ◽

Wood Structures ◽

Balsa Wood ◽

Unidirectional Fibre ◽

Fibre Reinforced Composites ◽

Adequate Data

Tests have been carried out to determine the strength of balsa wood and its variation with density. Particular attention is paid to the tensile strength of balsa loaded at different angles to the grain and a simple theory of failure is derived from the results. The compressive strength and modulus of elasticity are also reported. Similarities between the mechanical behaviour of balsa wood and unidirectional fibre-reinforced composites are discussed. Adequate data are presented for the design of balsa wood structures.

Download Full-text

Mechanical properties of low-density paper

Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal ◽

10.1515/npprj-2019-0052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 61-70

Author(s):

Na Young Park ◽

Young Chan Ko ◽

Lili Melani ◽

Hyoung Jin Kim

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Structural Change ◽

Tensile Testing ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Gauge Length ◽

Efficiency Factor ◽

Low Density ◽

Tensile Stiffness ◽

Lower Tensile Strength

AbstractFor the mechanical properties of paper, tensile testing has been widely used. Among the tensile properties, the tensile stiffness has been used to determine the softness of low-density paper. The lower tensile stiffness, the greater softness of paper. Because the elastic region may not be clearly defined in a load-elongation curve, it is suggested to use the tensile modulus which is defined as the slope between the two points in the curve. The two points which provide the best correlation with subjective softness evaluation should be selected. Low-density paper has a much lower tensile strength, but much larger elongation at the break. It undergoes a continuous structural change during mechanical testing. The degree of the structural change should depend on tensile conditions such as the sample size, the gauge length, and the rate of elongation. For low-density paper, the tensile modulus and the tensile strength should be independent of each other. The structure efficiency factor (SEF) is defined as a ratio of the tensile strength to the tensile modulus and it may be used a guideline in developing superior low-density paper products.

Download Full-text

Roller Compacted Concrete with Recycled Concrete Aggregate for Paving Bases

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12083154 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 3154 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hedelvan Emerson Fardin ◽

Adriana Goulart dos Santos

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Splitting Tensile Strength ◽

Recycled Concrete ◽

Concrete Aggregate ◽

Recycled Concrete Aggregate ◽

Roller Compacted Concrete ◽

Flexural Tensile Strength ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties

This research aimed to investigate the mechanical and physical properties of Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) used with Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) as a replacement for natural coarse aggregate. The maximum dry density method was adopted to prepare RCC mixtures with 200 kg/m³ of cement content and coarse natural aggregates in the concrete mixture. Four RCC mixtures were produced from different RCA incorporation ratios (0%, 5%, 15%, and 30%). The compaction test, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity, porosity, density, and water absorption tests were performed to analyze the mechanical and physical properties of the mixtures. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to identify the influences of RCA on RCC’s mechanical properties. As RCA increased in mixtures, some mechanical properties were observed to decrease, such as modulus of elasticity, but the same was not observed in the splitting tensile strength. All RCCs displayed compressive strength greater than 15.0 MPa at 28 days, splitting tensile strength above 1.9 MPa, flexural tensile strength above 2.9 MPa, and modulus of elasticity above 19.0 GPa. According to Brazilian standards, the RCA added to RCC could be used for base layers.

Download Full-text

Characterization and Utilization of Coconut Fibers of the Caribbean

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/opl.2014.764 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1611 ◽

pp. 95-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nadira Mathura ◽

Duncan Cree ◽

Ryan P. Mulligan

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Electron Micrographs ◽

Saline Water ◽

Gauge Length ◽

Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽

Coir Fiber ◽

Coir Fibers ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTIn many tropical countries coconut (coir) fiber production is a major source of income for rural communities. The Caribbean has an abundance of coconuts but research into utilizing its by-products is limited. Environmentally friendly coir fibers are natural polymers generally discarded as waste material in this region. Research has shown that coir fiber from other parts of the world has successfully been recycled. This paper therefore investigates the mechanical properties of Caribbean coir fiber for potential applications in civil engineering.Approximately four hundred fibers were randomly taken from a coir fiber stack and subjected to retting in both distilled and saline water media. The mechanical properties of both the retted and unretted coir fibers were evaluated at weekly increments for a period of 3 months. Tensile strength test, x-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron micrographs were used to assess trends and relationships between fiber gauge lengths, diameter, tensile strength and Young’s modulus. Diameters ranged between 0.11 mm-0.46 mm, while fiber samples were no longer than 250 mm in length. The tensile strength and strain at break decreased as the gauge length increased for both unretted and retted fibers. The opposite occurred for the relationship between the gauge length and Young’s modulus. Additionally, the tensile strength and modulus decreased as the fiber diameter increased. Neither distilled nor saline water improved the coir fiber’s crystalline index. Scanning electron micrographs qualitatively assessed fiber surfaces and captured necking and microfibril degradation at the fractured ends.The analysis revealed that the tensile strength, modulus, strain at break and crystallinity properties of the Caribbean coir fibers were comparable to commercially available coir fiber which are currently being used in many building applications.

Download Full-text

Thermal, structural, and mechanical effects of nanofibrillated cellulose in polylactic acid filaments for additive manufacturing

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.15.4.7954-7964 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 7954-7964

Author(s):

Diego Gomez-Maldonado ◽

Maria Soledad Peresin ◽

Christina Verdi ◽

Guillermo Velarde ◽

Daniel Saloni

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Additive Manufacturing ◽

3D Printing ◽

Polylactic Acid ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Manufacturing Process ◽

Thermal Characterization ◽

Nanofibrillated Cellulose ◽

Small Decrease ◽

The Matrix

As the additive manufacturing process gains worldwide importance, the need for bio-based materials, especially for in-home polymeric use, also increases. This work aims to develop a composite of polylactic acid (PLA) and nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a sustainable approach to reinforce the currently commercially available PLA. The studied materials were composites with 5 and 10% NFC that were blended and extruded. Mechanical, structural, and thermal characterization was made before its use for 3D printing. It was found that the inclusion of 10% NFC increased the modulus of elasticity in the filaments from 2.92 to 3.36 GPa. However, a small decrease in tensile strength was observed from 55.7 to 50.8 MPa, which was possibly due to the formation of NFC aggregates in the matrix. This work shows the potential of using PLA mixed with NFC for additive manufacturing.

Download Full-text

Influence of the surface treatment of tire rubber residues added in mortars

Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais ◽

10.1590/s1983-41952008000200001 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 113-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

A. C. Marques ◽

J. L. Akasaki ◽

A. P. M. Trigo ◽

M. L. Marques

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Aqueous Solution ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Tire Rubber ◽

Flow Test ◽

Made In

In this work it was evaluated the influence tire rubber addition in mortars in order to replace part of the sand (12% by volume). It was also intended to verify if the tire rubber treatment with NaOH saturated aqueous solution causes interference on the mechanical properties of the mixture. Compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, water absorption, modulus of elasticity, and flow test were made in specimens of 5cmx10cm and the tests were carried out to 7, 28, 56, 90, and 180 days. The results show reduction on mechanical properties values after addition of tire rubber and decrease of the workability. It was also observed that the tire rubber treatment does not cause any alteration on the results compared to the rubber without treatment.

Download Full-text

The Influence of Manufacturing Parameters on the Mechanical Behaviour of PLA and ABS Pieces Manufactured by FDM: A Comparative Analysis

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma11081333 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1333 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Adrián Rodríguez-Panes ◽

Juan Claver ◽

Ana Camacho

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Mechanical Behaviour ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽

Polymer Materials ◽

Fused Deposition Modelling ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Layer Orientation ◽

Lower Variability

This paper presents a comparative study of the tensile mechanical behaviour of pieces produced using the Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) additive manufacturing technique with respect to the two types of thermoplastic material most widely used in this technique: polylactide (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). The aim of this study is to compare the effect of layer height, infill density, and layer orientation on the mechanical performance of PLA and ABS test specimens. The variables under study here are tensile yield stress, tensile strength, nominal strain at break, and modulus of elasticity. The results obtained with ABS show a lower variability than those obtained with PLA. In general, the infill percentage is the manufacturing parameter of greatest influence on the results, although the effect is more noticeable in PLA than in ABS. The test specimens manufactured using PLA perform more rigidly and they are found to have greater tensile strength than ABS. The bond between layers in PLA turns out to be extremely strong and is, therefore, highly suitable for use in additive technologies. The methodology proposed is a reference of interest in studies involving the determination of mechanical properties of polymer materials manufactured using these technologies.

Download Full-text

Effect of Recycled Coarse Aggregates in Properties of Concrete

Journal of Green Building ◽

10.3992/jgb.3.4.130 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 130-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R Kumutha ◽

K Vijai

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

Recycled Aggregate ◽

Recycled Aggregates ◽

Split Tensile Strength ◽

Coarse Aggregates ◽

The Cost

The properties of concrete containing coarse recycled aggregates were investigated. Laboratory trials were conducted to investigate the possibility of using recycled aggregates from the demolition wastes available locally as the replacement of natural coarse aggregates in concrete. A series of tests were carried out to determine the density, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity of concrete with and without recycled aggregates. The water cement ratio was kept constant for all the mixes. The coarse aggregate in concrete was replaced with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% recycled coarse aggregates. The test results indicated that the replacement of natural coarse aggregates by recycled aggregates up to 40% had little effect on the compressive strength, but higher levels of replacement reduced the compressive strength. A replacement level of 100% causes a reduction of 28% in compressive strength, 36% in split tensile strength and 50% in flexural strength. For strength characteristics, the results showed a gradual decrease in compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity as the percentage of recycled aggregate used in the specimens increased. 100% replacement of natural coarse aggregate by recycled aggregate resulted in 43% savings in the cost of coarse aggregates and 9% savings in the cost of concrete.

Download Full-text

Tension mechanical properties of recycled glass-epoxy composite material

Acta periodica technologica ◽

10.2298/apt1243189p ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 189-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jelena Petrovic ◽

Darko Ljubic ◽

Marina Stamenovic ◽

Ivana Dimic ◽

Slavisa Putic

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Composite Material ◽

Composite Materials ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Epoxy Composite ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Recycled Glass ◽

Before And After

The significance of composite materials and their applications are mainly due to their good properties. This imposes the need for their recycling, thus extending their lifetime. Once used composite material will be disposed as a waste at the end of it service life. After recycling, this kind of waste can be used as raw materials for the production of same material, which raises their applicability. This indicates a great importance of recycling as a method of the renowal of composite materials. This study represents a contribution to the field of mechanical properties of the recycled composite materials. The tension mechanical properties (tensile strength and modulus of elasticity) of once used and disposed glass-epoxy composite material were compared before and after the recycling. The obtained results from mechanical tests confirmed that the applied recycling method was suitable for glass-epoxy composite materials. In respect to the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity it can be further assessed the possibility of use of recycled glass-epoxy composite materials.

Download Full-text