scholarly journals Teaching Commercial Lawyers Language Aspects of Drafting Contracts in English

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-193
Author(s):  
Lada V. Stupnikova
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Common Law ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Basic Contract

Abstract The article focuses on methods of teaching commercial lawyers, whose native language is not English, some linguistic aspects of drafting a contract in English. The author, whose principal occupation is teaching legal English, has created a Course on Language Aspects of English Contract for in-service lawyers. The course is aimed at teaching learners to understand and interpret English contracts written in traditional legal English (legalese) and help them develop some drafting and redrafting techniques taking into account the modern tendency growing in English speaking common law countries towards simplifying traditional legal English. A number of contracts written in different styles have been analysed, basic contract categories each characterised by certain operative words and phrases, have been established and terminology glossary have been compiled. The purpose of this paper is to present the course’s syllabi, outline and teaching methods.

scholarly journals ENGLISH SPEAKING TEACHING METHODS FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENT AT KAMPUNG INGGRIS PONTIANAK

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Viqri Rahmad Satria
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
English Language ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
School Students ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Four Levels

This research aims to know speaking teaching methods used at Kampung Inggris Pontianak for elementary school students and tutor obstacles during teaching activity. The method applied in this research was qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The data were collected from interview and observation with the owner of Kampung Inggris Pontianak, West Kalimantan. It was found that English speaking skill to elementary school students was separated into four levels; basic, intermediate 1, intermediate 2, and advanced. There are five methods applied by Kampung Inggris Pontianak to improve students English speaking skill. Flashcards, watching movies, listening, games, and singing. There were two kinds of obstacles that tutors face during the class. First, most of the tutors’ backgrounds were non-educational. So, they found it hard, sometimes, to control their elementary students who are very energetic. They might have English language competence. However, it is not adequate as their only competence to teach students compared to tutors with English educational background. Therefore, Kampung Inggris Pontianak holds micro-teaching practices to see tutor candidate performances before coming into class. Second, new students made many false answers on the placement test just to make them get into a lower level class than they are supposed to be. The researcher hopes this research will give knowledge to the reader of how tutors in Kampung Inggris Pontianak teaches speaking skills to their students.

scholarly journals TEACHING METHODS OF VERB TENSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 502-506
Author(s):  
A. Rauandina ◽  
◽  
Z. Babazhanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Grammatical Knowledge ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Main Factors

The article considers the problem of teaching the native language. The main factors affecting the effectiveness of teaching the Kazakh language are identified. One of them is teacher training, and the second is the effective coordination of students' activities depending on the purpose of the lesson, especially the content of knowledge offered for teaching. The article also emphasizes the importance of identifying teaching methods that are consistent with the content of students' knowledge and skills. Thus, the authors of the article argue that "new knowledge must be associated with old knowledge." And also the article discusses the assimilation of grammatical knowledge, including the study of tenses of the verb. The verb is one of the most complex aspects of morphology. The article shows the modern methods of teaching the tenses of the verb. The revealed methods show that the accumulated language rules are not only knowledge, but also contribute to the development of cognitive abilities.

ЧЕТ ӨЛКӨЛҮК (ПАКИСТАНДЫК, ИНДИЯЛЫК) СТУДЕНТТЕРГЕ КЫРГЫЗ ТИЛИНИН АЛФАВИТИН ҮЙРӨТҮҮНҮН УСУЛДАРЫ

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Б.Т. Джалилова
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Language Group ◽  
Indian Language ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Training History ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Family

Аннотация: Азыркы учурда Кыргызстанга келип, медициналык билим алууга кызыккан студенттердин көбүн Пакистан менен Индиялыктар түзөт. Тилдердин ар түрдүү тайпасына таандык болгон кыргыз тилин окуп-үйрөтүү бир топ кыйынчылыктарды жаратат. Урду тили тилдердин индия тобуна, ал эми кыргыз тили түрк тилдеринин тобуна кирет. Студенттерге кыргыз тилинин алфавитин үйрөтүүдө алар түшүнгөн араб тилинен алынып, бизде да колдонулуп жүргөн сөздөрдү мисалга келтирсек, кыргыз тилди кабыл алуусу жана биздин тилге болгон кызыгуусу артат. Аннотация: В настоящее время заметна тенденция увеличения количества иностранных студентов, которые хотят обучаться медицине в Кыргызстане. Это в основном жители Пакистана и Индии. Их обучение кыргызскому языку порождает определенные трудности, так как данные языки являются разносистемными (язык урду относится к индийской группе языков, кыргызский язык- к тюркской группе языков) индоевропейской семьи. В связи с этим, при изучении алфавита, мы предлагаем методику преподавания кыргызского языка в сравнении с родным языком студентов, находя в их языке схожие слова арабского происхождения. Annotation: Currently, there is a tendency to increase the number of foreign students who want to study medicine in Kyrgyzstan. These are mainly residents of Pakistan and India. Teaching the Kyrgyz language poses certain difficulties, as these languages are in different language groups (Urdu belongs to the Indian language group, Kyrgyz to the Turkic language group) of the Indo-European family. In this regard, when studying the alphabet, we offer teaching methods Kyrgyz language in comparison with the native language of students, finding in their language similar words of Arabic origin. Keywords: Alphabet, Urdu, Arabic, Farsi, dialect, methodology, language competence, comparative training, history of language, group of language.

Constructing a Globalized E-Commerce Site

2011 ◽  
pp. 464-470
Author(s):  
Tom S. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Web Site ◽  
Native Language ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Good Visibility ◽  
Global Reach

Traditional boundaries and marketplace definitions are fast becoming irrelevant due to globalization. According to recent statistics, there are approximately 208 million English speakers and 608 million non-English speakers online, and 64.2% of Web users speak a native language other than English (Global Reach, 2004). The world outside of English-speaking countries is obviously coming online fast. As with activities such as TV, radio and print, people surf in their own language. A single-language Web site simply could not provide good visibility and accessibility in this age of globalize Internet. In this article, we will focus on the approaches in the construction of an effective globalized e-commerce Web site.

The Push to Protect the Oneness of English as a Judicial Language in the Southern Cameroons Jurisdiction of Cameroon

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-574
Author(s):  
Eric Herman Ngwa Nfobin
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Second Look ◽  
French And English ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
English Speaking

The February 2015 crisis whether both official languages, French and English, be used in proceedings in the Anglophone jurisdiction practicing common law, was a reminder that the Cameroon concept of bilingualism still requires definition. At the simplest and most obvious level, the lawyers of the minority English-speaking jurisdiction were protesting against the introduction of a rival language, unfamiliar to their community. A second look unveils proofs of deeper malaise behind what is only the thin end of the wedge. In fact, there are conjoining components originating from misunderstandings traceable back to 1961 when the English-speaking Southern Cameroons and independent French-speaking Cameroon reunited. It is far from the dream that drove them to form a common entity. This article goes below the surface of these dissensions that amount to a veritable ‘Anglophone problem’, which if not properly understood and handled, and allowed to fester, can be the harbinger of disintegration.

scholarly journals Compreensibilidade e percepções de brasileiros sobre o estudo da pronúncia do inglês

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-390
Author(s):  
Melissa Bettoni ◽  
Priscilla Rizzi
Keyword(s):  
Native Language ◽  
World Englishes ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Positive Correlations

The present study aimed at investigating students’ perceptions about the study of pronunciation and the comprehensibility of their speech. Twenty-four English-speaking Brazilians at the advanced level or higher had audio recordings of their sentences judged by four English speakers from different nationalities representing the three circles in Kachru’s World Englishes Model (1985). Comprehensibility, accentedness, number of mispronunciations at the segmental level (such as palatalization, voicing, devoicing, epenthesis), native language of the judge, and perceptions about the study of pronunciation were tabulated and compared quantitatively and qualitatively. Results indicated positive correlations among better compreensibility, less accentedness and fewer mispronunciations at the segmental level; and, between comprehensibility and the desire for specific knowledge regarding pronunciation.

Tornado Hazard Communication Disparities among Spanish-Speaking Individuals in an English-Speaking Community

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Ahlborn ◽  
Jeffrey Michael Franc ◽  
D Sport Med
Keyword(s):  
Limited English Proficient ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Us Census

AbstractBackground: The state of Oklahoma, known for destructive tornados, has a native Spanish-speaking (NSS) population of approximately 180,241, of which 50% report being able to speak English “very well” (US Census Bureau). With almost 50% of these native Spanish-speaking persons being limited English proficient (LEP), their reception of tornado hazard communications may be restricted. This study conducted in northeast Oklahoma (USA) evaluates the association between native language and receiving tornado hazard communications.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted among a convenience sample of NSS and native English-speaking (NES) adults at Xavier Clinic and St. Francis Trauma Emergency Center in Tulsa, OK, USA from September 2009 through December 2009. Of the 82 surveys administered, 80 were returned, with 40 NES and 40 NSS participants. A scoring system (Severe Weather Information Reception (SWIR)) was developed to quantify reception of hazard information among the study participants (1–3 points = poor reception, 4–5 = adequate reception, 6–8 = excellent reception). Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to calculate differences between groups with Yates’ continuity correction applied where appropriate, and SWIR scores were analyzed using ANOVA. P-values <.05 were considered significant.Results: NSS fluency in English was 25.6%. No significant association was found between native language and those who watch television, listen to radio, have a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) All Hazards radio or telephone, or are in audible range of a tornado siren. NSS were less likely to have Internet access (P < .004), and less likely to know of local telephone warning programs (P < .03). The mean NSS SWIR score was 3.2 (95% CI, 2.8-3.7) while LEP NSS averaged 2.8 (95% CI, 2.4-3.2). The mean NES SWIR score was 4.5 (95% CI, 4.1-5.0).Conclusion: Results demonstrate a disparity in tornado warning reception between NSS and NES. Poor English proficiency was noted to be 75% among NSS, which is approximately 25% more than estimated by the US Census Bureau. This study demonstrates a need for emergency managers to recognize when appropriate and overcome communication disparities among limited English proficient populations.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of English –Speaking Foreign Teachers from the Learners’ Perspective at Ho Chi Minh University of Food Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Nguyen Giang Huong
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Foreign Teachers ◽  
English Teaching ◽  
Native Teachers ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Disadvantageous Factors ◽  
Learning English

Ho Chi Minh  University of Food Industry (HUFI) is gradually reforming and updating English teaching methods to enhance the learners’ quality. Within this context, foreign teachers are required to teach in English speaking classes with the assistance and observation of native teachers. This study developed factors that foreign teacher influencing the learner’s favour with English. An online google form questionnaire was conducted on participants called students at HUFI. The respondents answer an open-ended questionnaire. The results will benefit English-speaking-foreign teachers (ESFTs) in terms of realizing their strengths and weaknesses. This study aimed to develop solutions to minimize disadvantageous factors and maximize benefits to motivate students toward learning English in classes with foreign teachers. 

scholarly journals Effective teaching methods of English-speaking students in communication with patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.О. Бугаева ◽  
Н.А. Клоктунова ◽  
М.И. Барсукова ◽  
А.Я. Рамазанова ◽  
А.С. Сергеев
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
English Speaking

Данная работа посвящена анализу методов обучения, способствующих созданию оптимальных условий для подготовки иностранных студентов к будущей профессиональной деятельности, повышению эффективности их коммуникативного поведения, а также успешной интеграции в процесс обучения в медицинском вузе. Анализируется место и роль дисциплины «Профессиональная коммуникация» в самоопределении студентов, развитии их профессиональной компетентности, клинического мышления, а также готовности взаимодействовать в различных системах общения («пациент – врач»; «врач – врач», «врач – пациент – родственники пациента»). Анализируются конкретные педагогические приемы, используемые в рамках практических занятий, и их результативность. В статье приводятся данные проведенного анкетирования, отражающие оценку эффективности применяемых методов обучения с точки зрения студентов. В результате выявлена эффективность разработанных и примененных методов обучения, доказана необходимость формирования корпуса ситуационных задач и обучающих материалов, предлагаемых авторами статьи. Таким образом, представленный опыт осмысления методических приемов требует обсуждения широкой аудиторией научно-педагогического сообщества и его внедрения в практику обучения англоговорящих студентов навыкам профессиональной коммуникации. This work is dedicated to the analysis of factors contributing to the creation of optimal conditions for preparing foreign students for future professional activities, increasing the effectiveness of their communicative behavior, as well as successful integration into the learning process at a medical university. Place and role of the subject “Professional Communication” within the self-determination of students, the development of their professional competence, clinical thinking and willingness to interact in various communication systems (“patient - physician”; “physician - physician”, “physician - patient - relatives of the patient”) are considered. Specific teaching methods used in the framework of lessons and their effectiveness are analyzed. The article presents the data of the survey reflecting the assessment of the effectiveness of the applied teaching methods from the students' point of view. As a result, the effectiveness of the developed and applied teaching methods is revealed, the necessity of forming a corpus of situational tasks and training materials proposed by the authors of the article is proved. Thus, the presented experience of understanding methodological techniques requires discussion by a wide audience of the scientific and pedagogical community and implementation in teaching practice English-speaking students' professional communication skills.

Mi casa es tu casa? The Limits of Inter-systemic Dispute Resolution

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Camarena ◽  
Bradly J. Condon
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Legal Reasoning ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Common ◽  
Domestic Law

Abstract The ‘new NAFTA’ agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States maintained the system for binational panel judicial review of antidumping and countervailing duty determinations of domestic government agencies. In US–Mexico disputes, this hybrid system brings together Spanish and English-speaking lawyers from the civil and the common law to solve legal disputes applying domestic law. These panels raise issues regarding potential bicultural, bilingual, and bijural (mis)understandings in legal reasoning. Do differences in language, legal traditions, and legal cultures limit the effectiveness of inter-systemic dispute resolution? We analyze all of the decisions of NAFTA panels in US–Mexico disputes regarding Mexican antidumping and countervailing duty determinations and the profiles of the corresponding panelists. This case study tests whether one can actually comprehend the ‘other’. To what extent can a common law, English-speaking lawyer understand and apply Mexican law, expressed in Spanish and rooted in a distinct legal culture?

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