scholarly journals Water Absorption Behaviour and Mechanical Performance of Pineapple Leaf Fibre Reinforced Polylactic Acid Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 5760-5774 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Agung ◽  
M. H. M. Hamdan ◽  
Januar Parlaungan Siregar ◽  
D. Bachtiar ◽  
C. Tezara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Synthetic Fibre ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Flexural Tests

Fast-growing scientific work is focusing on alternative sources to replace modern synthetic fibre materials due to the adverse effects caused by petroleum-based materials. Natural fibre possesses high potential as a replacement for synthetic fibre and petroleum-based products. These materials are not only greener and environmental-friendly, but also safe for human health. As such, this study investigated the influence of compatibilising agent of maleated anhydride polyethylene (MAPE) on mechanical performance of pineapple leaf fibre (PALF) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA). The raw materials, such as PALF, PLA, and MAPE, were mixed by using a hot roller mixer machine and hot compression moulding at 190ºC. The specimens were then tested for water absorption and flexibility. The specimens were submerged in water for 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. Three types of tests were conducted, namely water absorption, tensile, and flexural assessments. The results of water absorption, tensile, and flexural tests for the untreated PALF composite (UPALF) and treated PLAF composite (TPALF) were recorded and explained. As a conclusion, composite materials based on hydrophilic natural fibre may reduce the tensile and flexural properties of the composite.

Mechanical performance of hybrid woven jute–roselle-reinforced polyester composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 407-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hazim Mohamad Hamdan ◽  
Januar Parlaungan Siregar ◽  
Sabu Thomas ◽  
Maya John Jacob ◽  
Jamiluddin Jaafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Plate ◽  
Synthetic Fibre ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
The Impact

Natural fibre acts as a significant replacement for the known synthetic fibre that tends to cause critical environmental issues. Hence, the hybridization of natural fibre reinforcement has been considered as one of the strategies in reducing synthetic fibre applications. The current research was conducted to determine the effect of layering sequence on the mechanical performance of hybrid woven jute–roselle. In addition, eight different types of composite plate that consisted of single and hybrid were fabricated through the implementation of hand lay-up method. In this case, each composite plate had to undergo the tensile, flexural and impact testing in order to acquire the effect of varying layering sequences. The results of the present study showed that the hybridization of jute–roselle provided was significant, especially on the flexural and impact performance. Furthermore, the tensile strength and modulus were higher on the JRRJ sample and maximum flexural strength also managed to be recorded by the same sample. However, the maximum flexural modulus only managed to be recorded in sample RRJJ. Meanwhile, the impact testing revealed that the composite plate of sample JJRR had the highest impact strength. The void content for all the samples was acceptable because all of them were less than 7%. Finally, scanning electron microscopic image illustrated that the fractured surfaced of composite sample was typically smooth with less formation of void and fibre pull-out.

scholarly journals Effect of Alkaline treatment on the characteristics of pineapple leaves fibre and PALF/PP biocomposite

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 8518-8528
Author(s):  
S. Gnanasekaran ◽  
Noor Ida Amalina Ahamad Nordin ◽  
M.M.M. Hamidi ◽  
J.H. Shariffuddin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Synthetic Fibre ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Pineapple Leaves

Pineapple leaves fibre (PALF) is one of the natural fibre that has high potential to substitute non-renewable synthetic fibre in thermoplastic products. The PALF were alkali treated with different concentrations of NaOH. Untreated and alkali treated PALF were characterized using Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to determine the thermal stability and surface morphology of the fibres respectively. Biocomposites were prepared by reinforced alkali treated and untreated PALF with polypropylene (PP) matrix. Tensile properties and water absorption analysis of PALF/PP biocomposites were studied. Biocomposite with 8 wt.% of alkali treated PALF express excellent thermal stability, with maximum degradation temperature at 270 ℃ which is a 7.17% improvement compared to untreated PALF. This biocomposite also had increased tensile strength (116 MPa) with 43% improvement compared to untreated PALF/PP (66 MPa) biocomposite and had lower water absorption at 6% compared to untreated biocomposite which at 21%. Hence, alkali treated PALF is able to improve the characteristic of PALF and increase the compatibility between fibre and polymer by reducing hemicellulose and lignin components.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF HUMIDITY ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF KENAF YARN FIBRE/POLYLACTIC ACID BIOCOMPOSITES

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meor Syazalee ◽  
Rozli Zulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
And Storage

Humidity during the fabrication of natural fibre reinforced composites can harm their mechanical performance. This study examines the effect of humidity during the fabrication of unidirectional kenaf/polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites on their dynamic and static mechanical properties. Kenaf fibres were conditioned at different relative humidity (RH) levels (40% RH, 60% RH and 80% RH) before being pressed with PLA to form biocomposites. Kenaf/PLA biocomposites were analysed using dynamic mechanical analysis, fracture toughness in mode II, tensile and flexural. Results indicated that the value of GIIC and storage modulus decreased when the relative humidity increased. Reduced tensile and flexural modulus were observed when kenaf was exposed to high relative humidity of 80% RH. However, the form of unidirectional kenaf affected the properties and reduced the drop value in the tensile modulus. The optimum relative humidity to produce kenaf/PLA biocomposites is 40% RH.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Sisal and Bamboo Fibres Reinforced with Polymer Matrix Composites Prepared by Compression Moulding Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
S. Krishna Mohan ◽  
Arul Thayammal Ganesan ◽  
M. Ramarao ◽  
Amol L. Mangrulkar ◽  
S. Rajesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Synthetic Fibre ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Sisal Fibre ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Bamboo Fibre

Today’s modern, dynamic world would be impossible to imagine without the concept of composite material advancement. Various studies are being conducted in this area in order to reach the desired level. In terms of compatibility, natural fibre reinforced polymer-based composites and synthetic fibre composites are very similar. Because they are lightweight, nontoxic, and nonabrasive, they are very popular with consumers. They are also readily available and affordable. Composite materials made from natural fibre have superior mechanical properties compared to those made from synthetic fibre. As part of this research, an epoxy-based composite with bamboo and sisal fibre reinforcement is examined. Reinforced with epoxy resin, bamboo fibre and sisal fibre are used to make composite materials. The effect of adding bamboo fibre and sisal fibre in various weight percentages on the mechanical behaviour of composites is investigated.

scholarly journals Baking-free Bricks Prepared from the Muck and Slag Cement

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Wang ◽  
L. J. Yang ◽  
H. J. Chen ◽  
L. Z. Pei
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hydration Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Slag Cement ◽  
Atmosphere Environment ◽  
Softening Coefficient ◽  
Coefficient Stability

Background: Baking-free bricks take the advantages of saving energy and soil, environmentally friendly and sustainable development. It is interesting to prepare baking-free muck bricks using the muck as the main raw materials by the curing process under the atmosphere environment. Methods: The muck baking-free bricks were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The roles of the ratio of the slag cement to muck on the compressive strength, water absorption, softening coefficient, stability of the freeze-thaw cycles and stability of the drying and watering cycles of the muck bricks have been investigated. Results: The compressive strength and softening coefficient of the muck bricks are the highest with the value of 15.81 MPa and 0.80, respectively, the water absorption and mass loss ratio are the lowest with the value of 8.12% and 0.61%, respectively when the ratio of the slag cement to muck is 1: 4. Hydration products are formed by the hydration reaction resulting in the increase of the density and compressive strength of the muck baking-free bricks. Conclusion: Muck baking-free bricks with good physical performance have been prepared using slag cement as the cementing materials for the consolidation of muck. The obtained baking-free bricks exhibit high mechanical performance.

scholarly journals The effect of shale mineral powder on the strength of asphalt concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 02052
Author(s):  
Shuxrat Buriyev ◽  
Shoxrux Davranov ◽  
Yokub Kuchkarov ◽  
Iroda Saydakberova
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Absorption Index ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
The Road ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Asphalt Mix ◽  
Mineral Powder

In the article, work has been done to obtain shale mineral powder based on local raw materials and develop technologies to improve the physical and mechanical performance and durability of asphalt concrete, thereby increasing the physico-mechanical performance and durability of asphalt concrete, the density of fine-grained hot dense asphalt mix with shale mineral powder. The water absorption index of the asphalt concrete mixture decreases, the strength increases, and the transport performance of the road improves.

PERSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD PRODUCTION OF FEEDS FOR AQUACULTURE: ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF RAW MATERIALS

2017 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Lina Yurievna Lagutkina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Market Trends ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
World Industry ◽  
First Time ◽  
A Current

The author of the article discloses the prospects of development of the world feed production for aquaculture based on the analysis of key innovative technological and market trends. The author specifies that shortage, high cost, low ecological compatibility of traditional raw materials - fish flour - are among major limiting factors in the development of production of feeds for aquaculture. This fact, in turn, limits sustainable development of aquaculture both in Russia, and in the world in general. The article presents the overview of a current status of the world industry of feed production in aquaculture, where the regional situation is studied, as well. For the first time, there is given the outlook of innovative technologies in feed production based on the alternative sources of protein (on the example of projects of leading aquabiotechnological companies) which will determine industry’s objectives for the mid-term perspective.

KAJIAN PRODUKSI NASI KUNING INSTAN DAN KARAKTERISTIKNYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirana Sanggrami Sasmitaloka ◽  
Imia Ribka Banurea ◽  
Sri Widowati Widowati
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Rehydration Ratio ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Instant Form ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Cooking Water ◽  
Comparative Treatment

ABSTRACTThe manufacture of food products in an instant form can reduce obstacles in storage and distribution. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of instant yellow rice produced using a cabinet dryer. The research method used was a non factorial Complete Randomized Design, with comparative treatment of rice and cooking water volume (1: 1,1; 1: 1,2; and 1: 1,3) as well as the type of yellow rice seasoning used (instant seasoning and processed seasoning). The best treatment is obtained on instant yellow rice produced using processed seasonings with a comparison of raw materials with cooking water volume of 1: 1,3. This product has a yield characteristic of 98.29%, rehydration time 4.32 minutes, kamba density 0.351 g/ml, water absorption 64.78%, development volume 174.51%, rehydration ratio 3.44, chroma value 30.29 and hue value 96.38.Keywords: instant yellow rice, rehydration time, drying, characteristics ABSTRAKPembuatan produk makanan dalam bentuk instan dapat menekan kendala dalam penyimpanan serta distribusi . Tujuan  penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik nasi kuning instan yang diproduksi dengan menggunakan cabinet dryer. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap non faktorial, dengan perlakuan perbandingan beras dan volume air pemasakan (1:1,1; 1:1,2; dan 1:1,3) serta jenis bumbu nasi kuning yang digunakan (bumbu instan dan bumbu olahan). Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada nasi kuning instan yang diproduksi menggunakan bumbu olahan dengan perbandingan bahan baku dengan volume air pemasakan sebanyak 1:1,3. Produk ini memiliki karakteristik rendemen 98,29%, waktu rehidrasi 4,32 menit, densitas kamba 0,351 g/ml, daya serap air 64,78%, volume pengembangan 174,51%, rasio rehidrasi 3,44, nilai chroma 30,29 dan nilai hue 96,38.Kata kunci: nasi kuning instan, waktu rehidrasi, pengeringan, karakteristik

On the diagnostics of Adonis L. species (Ranunculaceae) of the Russian flora

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Luferov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Scientific Medicine ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Alternative Sources

The article provides brief information about cardiotonic, sedative, cytostatic, diuretic, and antibacterial effects of biologically active compounds of Adonis L. (Ranunculaceae) species. Chemical studies allowed to identify the cardiac glycosides, or cardenolides: or cardenolides: adontoxin, adonitol, adonitoxigenin, acetyldigitoxin and others. In scientific medicine, it is currently allowed to use Adonis vernalis L. Other types of Adonis have a similar chemical composition and are offered as substitutes for this official species, for example, Adonis apennina L. Many Adonis species have limited natural resources, and in some regions are rare, requiring conservation of their natural populations. The search for alternative sources of medicinal plant raw materials, based on this, is relevant. The experimental part of our research was carried out using the morphological and geographical method with the involvement of information on ecology and phenology. For the first time summarizes the diagnostic features of Adonis flora of Russian flora. Previously unknown structural features (shape and size of anthers) were identified that characterize the subgenera Adonanthe and Adonis. Taxonomic study of the genus Adonis of the Russian flora allowed us to determine its species composition, clarify its systematic affiliation, and nomenclature synonyms. 9 species were identified. Of these, 6 are perennials belonging to the subgenus Adonanthe, section Consiligo, which includes 2 subsections: Amurenses (2 species) and Vernales, which is differentiated into 2 rows: Apenninae (2 species) and Vernales (2 species). Subgenus Adonis is represented by 2 sections: Adonis (1 species) and Lophocarpa with sections Aestivales (1 species) and Dentatae (1 species). For all the considered species and varieties, the main distribution areas are given. A key has been compiled to determine the wild Adonis species distributed in Russia.

scholarly journals Preparation of Long Sisal Fiber-Reinforced Polylactic Acid Biocomposites with Highly Improved Mechanical Performance

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1124
Author(s):  
Zhifang Liang ◽  
Hongwu Wu ◽  
Ruipu Liu ◽  
Caiquan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Blending Process ◽  
Extension Direction

Green biodegradable plastics have come into focus as an alternative to restricted plastic products. In this paper, continuous long sisal fiber (SF)/polylactic acid (PLA) premixes were prepared by an extrusion-rolling blending process, and then unidirectional continuous long sisal fiber-reinforced PLA composites (LSFCs) were prepared by compression molding to explore the effect of long fiber on the mechanical properties of sisal fiber-reinforced composites. As a comparison, random short sisal fiber-reinforced PLA composites (SSFCs) were prepared by open milling and molding. The experimental results show that continuous long sisal fiber/PLA premixes could be successfully obtained from this pre-blending process. It was found that the presence of long sisal fibers could greatly improve the tensile strength of LSFC material along the fiber extension direction and slightly increase its tensile elongation. Continuous long fibers in LSFCs could greatly participate in supporting the load applied to the composite material. However, when comparing the mechanical properties of the two composite materials, the poor compatibility between the fiber and the matrix made fiber’s reinforcement effect not well reflected in SSFCs. Similarly, the flexural performance and impact performance of LSFCs had been improved considerably versus SSFCs.

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