scholarly journals Osnovni demografski procesi na Kvarnerskim otocima od 1991. do 2011. godine

Geoadria ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Ivan Lajić ◽  
Roko Mišetić
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Demographic Trend ◽  
Mechanical Component ◽  
Demographic Processes

The paper describes the basic demographic processes on the Kvarner islands in the last twenty years. The census data from this period show a constant population growth on the Kvarner islands and promote them into one of the most vital sub-regions of the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County. The results of the analysis show that the mechanical component of the total population change, i.e. immigration, which managed to overcome the negative natural demographic trend, was the cause of this positive demographic trend. As a result, natural population change on the Kvarner islands 1991-2011 belongs to the "regeneration by immigration" type. However, since increased immigration did not influence the reduction of the negative natural demographic trend, it is safe to presume that "fictive" residents dominate the immigration contingent. This hypothesis is supported by the comparison of the census change index 2011/2001 and the type of demographic resources index in 2001.

scholarly journals Demographic and functional evaluation of urban areas in Vojvodina region

2014 ◽  
pp. 593-605
Author(s):  
Vlasta Kokotovic ◽  
Aleksandra Spalevic
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Aging Index ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Quantitative Procedure

The article illustrates the procedure of quantitative demographic and functional evaluation of urban areas in Vojvodina region. Evaluation is based on seven indicators such as total population, population change index, aging index, the share of employees in primary sector, the share of employees in total population, the share of economically active population (noncommuters) and the share of commuters in economically active population of all urban settlements in Vojvodina region. Quantitative procedure of demographic and functional valorization of urban areas is based on a rank method. According to the results of applied procedure, the categories of urban areas are determined. Each category demonstrates a level of demographic development and correlation between demographic potential and suitable geographical and traffic position. The article is an attempt to perceive better the demographic processes in settlements. Moreover, we pay attention to a different approach in the research of urban settlements network in Vojvodina region.

scholarly journals Geoinformation monitoring of demographic processes in the regions of the South of European Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-140
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Cherkasov ◽  
Vitaliy Belozerov ◽  
Natalia Shchitova ◽  
Nikolay Sopnev
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
European Part ◽  
The South ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
North West ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Demographic Processes

The paper presents the results of the demographic processes analyses study in the South of European part of Russia in comparison with national outcomes. The research is based on a GIS monitoring concept and reveals the main characteristics of population size dynamic pattern with the influence of prevailing reproduction processes. The main sources of data are the office for national statistics and various regional statistics sources. ESRI ArcGIS Spatial Analyst software platform is used as a primary analytical framework. The study case covers the time frame from 1959 to 2018. Developing map models of the population’s natural reproduction brings out the depopulation speed and direction as a primary trend in Russia’s demographic development. At the beginning of the XXI century’s third decade, there is a significant reduction in the number of regions with positive natural population growth. The regions with decreasing in population have prevailed. The positive natural population growth preserves mainly in national territorial subdivisions with an unfinished demographic transition. The demographic picture in the south of European part of Russia looks relatively propitious. Negative demographic trends arise with a delay and have not reached the critical levels yet. The obvious polarization of demographic space in the south of Russia has educed — there are two areas with unequal trends of population growth: South-East area with a sustainable increase in the population and a migration outflow, the North-West area with a natural decline in the population and an erratic positive migration balance. Though the area with a sustainable increase in the population is reducing, showing positive trends in Krasnodar Krai and Republic of Adygea. The ethnic republic’s migration outflow is stable.

scholarly journals Using Spatial Autocorrelation for identification of demographic patterns of Functional Urban Areas in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (52) ◽  
pp. 123-144
Author(s):  
Sławomir Kurek ◽  
Mirosław Wójtowicz ◽  
Jadwiga Gałka
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Second Demographic Transition ◽  
Net Migration ◽  
Demographic Processes

Abstract Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) leads to a better knowledge of urban spatial organisation, which may play a significant role in regional policy making and may be helpful in understanding the connection between urbanisation and demographic development. An explanation of population change in urban regions can be associated the second demographic transition comprising fertility decline below replacement level and postponement of births. The aim of this paper is to focus on establishing similarity patterns and anomalous values of selected demographic variables in the cores and peripheral areas of Functional Urban Areas. At the background of this study lies an assumption that population development of FUA's is shaped by different factors connected with second demographic transition and migrations. To achieve the aims the following demographic characteristics were used: population growth rate, dependency ratio, rate of natural increase, the net migration rate, and the dynamic economic ageing index, Spatial methods play an increasingly important role in contemporary socio-demographic research. In order to identify spatial systems Global Moran Statistics and the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) including Local Moran statistics as well as Getis-Ord Gi* statistics were used. The research showed global and local autocorrelation of demographic processes in Functional Urban Areas in Poland, namely population growth, natural increase, net migration and population ageing. The use of local Moran's I statistic and the Getis-Ord Gi* method has led to identification of spatial clusters and dispersions representing different demographic variables. Spatial autocorrelation methods can be useful in an analysis of demographic variables including changes in time. The main contribution of this study to the research on demographic processes in urban areas was an application of spatial groupings techniques not only to find out similarity and dissimilarity patterns of demographic indicators but also to apply this findings for the needs of spatial planning.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Trends of the Regional Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Alexander Kuklin ◽  
Natalya Krivenko ◽  
Liudmila Kriventsova
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
The Social ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Impact

The article describes the role of high-quality human capital in the modern economy, socioeconomic, and demographic trends in the regions. The research has revealed a certain relationship and mutual influence of economic and social factors on demographic trends. The assessment of the efficiency of the functioning of social sectors at the all-Russian Federal level and in the Ural Federal District revealed a low level of resource provision, insufficient investment in education and healthcare, which affects the state of fixed assets, leads to a low capital-labour ratio, and lags in terms of labour productivity in these sectors compared to indicators on average for the country's economy. An insufficient level of efficiency of the social sphere affects the social and demographic indicators. On the example of Russia and the Ural Federal District, a stable mutual influence of the economic situation and social aspects of population reproduction is shown. For a quantitative assessment of the relationship between economic, social and demographic processes in the Ural Federal District, indicators were selected for 6 subjects of the Ural Federal District for 2000-2018, the calculation was made using the methods of correlation and regression analysis, the coefficient of natural population growth was chosen as the main indicator characterizing the demographic trends. The model of the impact of socioeconomic indicators on demographic trends in the subjects of the Ural Federal Districts were built. With the unconditional impact of the incidence rate on the change in natural population growth, significant values were obtained for the following factors: an increase in the expenditures of the budgets of territorial compulsory health insurance funds, an increase in the share of the working-age population, an improvement in the welfare of the population, which contributes to an increase in average life expectancy, a reduction in mortality, and acceleration of demographic processes in the regions

scholarly journals The Influence of the Two-child Policy on Urbanization in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiyong Wang ◽  
Hu YU
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Population Change ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Urbanization In China

Family planning has been China’s basic national policy since 1980, but it changed from a one-child policy to a two-child policy at the end of 2015 as which will further stimulate the rapid growth of China’s population and have a profound impact on the population structure and land use in China. Based on the forecast of total population change in national and provincial dimensions after the two -child policy, the paper forecasted the spatial pattern of China's population and provincial differentiation over the next 15 years, and discussed the far-reaching impact on the future urban and rural land use and planning. Conclusions as follows: the two-child policy will achieve rapid population growth in the next 5 years, then there will be a stable growth phase; the peak of China’s population increase will occur in 2030 with a total population of about 1.55 billion people，which will continuethe regional differentiation of urbanization，andurbanization level in southeastern region will remain generally higher than that of the northwest. In addition, population growth brings new demands in urban and rural construction land, therefore, more intensive use of land will be the inevitable choice for the future development for China.

Population Growth Impacts of Zero Net International Migration

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon F. Bouvier ◽  
Dudley L. Poston ◽  
Nanbin Benjamin Zhai
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Demographic Processes

Natural increase, and net international migration are the demographic processes that determine the amount of growth or decline in a nation's population. In a country such as the United States, the contribution of net international migration to overall population change overshadows the contribution of natural increase. It has long been the practice, however, when making population projections for countries, to consider the role of zero net international migration in an incorrect manner. Some analysts have assumed that if the same number of people leave and enter the country each year, then the effect of net international migration will be zero. This article examines that assumption and shows that it is fallacious. Examining the direct, indirect, total, and negative demographic impacts of zero net international migration through simulations with demographic data, we demonstrate that zero net international migration is not the same and therefore does not have the same demographic results and implications as zero international migration. We conclude that zero net international migration should not be confused with zero international migration. In discussions of international migration in either sending or receiving countries, the two concepts must be kept separate for they are not identical and, moreover, have decidedly different demographic implications and effects.

scholarly journals Causes and consequences of demographic processes and changes in contemporary society

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Vilić
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Women And Children

For the functioning and development of society the great significancehave demographic processes and changes (natural population growth,fertility, birth rate, mortality rate, aging of population, changes in regardto marriage, the frequency of celibacy, divorce). This paper analyzesthe causes and consequences of these processes and changes incontemporary society. The trends of demographic changes are not thesame in all societies in the world. In developed societies today can beobserved, with minor differences, the same demographic trends - lowand/or negative natural population growth, the rapid aging of population,low mortality rates, increasing of the divorces and the like. Onthe other hand, in underdeveloped societies are born many children,where weak economic conditions are conducive to a deterioration inthe material, social and health status of the population (illness andmortality, particularly of women and children). This clearly indicatesthat demographic processes and changes are not directly influencedby economic and social factors (the level of education, the developmentof society in general, etc.), but that there are a number of indirectsocial factors causing it (national, class, political, cultural, religiousand other). In response to the unfavorable demographic trends(population size, the age of the population, etc.) and the consequenceswhich population factor creates in many economic and social areas(reduction of the working population, the burden of social securityfunds, etc.), in the past two decades in the most countries populationpolicy was placed in the area of population fertility - there were introducedthe pro-natalist measures in developed countries and measuresto discourage procreation in underdeveloped countries.

scholarly journals Main characteristics of demographic development of eastern Herzegovina in the second half of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century

2014 ◽  
pp. 727-735
Author(s):  
Radoslav Corovic
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
And Migration

At the beginning of the observed period, the population dynamics in Eastern Herzegovina was characterized by stagnation, followed by the decrease of the total population, primarily due to traditionally present emigration, but also due to negative natural population growth. Birth rates decreasing processes, population ageing, and some other predominantly negative demographic processes have been reported for decades. This area has a low population density, while spatial distribution of the population is characterized by concentration in settlements which have the function of a municipal centre. Contemporary demographic indicators (of natural increase of population and migration) indicate further decrease in population of this region, especially of its rural parts. This is also shown by the previous 2013 Census data. Keeping in mind the current demographic indicators and characteristics of the population, side by side with weak economic development of this region, it may be expected that negative trends in population development will continue.

scholarly journals Recent changes to the Indigenous population geography of Australia: evidence from the 2016 Census

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Markham ◽  
Nicholas Biddle
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Population Geography

Background  The Indigenous population of Australia has grown very rapidly since the first tabulation of census statistics about Indigenous people in the 1971 ABS Census of Population and Housing (Census). Understanding the size and location of the Indigenous Australians is important to the State for service delivery and policy, and for Indigenous peoples themselves. Aims  This paper summarises changes to population geography of Indigenous Australians between 2011 and 2016. It describes the growth in the estimated population, and its changing geographic distribution. The paper derives a measure of ‘unexpected population change’: the spatial mismatch between demographic projections from the 2011 and 2016 Census counts. Data and methods  Census data and population projections are tabulated and mapped. Results  Indigenous people now comprise 3.3 per cent of the total Australian population, or 798,381 persons. This population grew by 3.5 per cent each year between 2011 and 2016, a rate of growth 34 per cent faster than that explained by natural increase alone. Both aspects of growth were concentrated in more urban parts of the country, especially coastal New South Wales and southeast Queensland. For the first time, fewer than 20 per cent of Indigenous people were recorded as living in remote areas. Conclusions  Indigenous population growth continues to be remarkably rapid. Future research is required to understand the correlates and causes of population growth beyond that explained by natural increase.

scholarly journals Factors and influence of modern challenges on demographic situation in Siberian regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 885 (1) ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
Yu N Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
The West ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
High Salary ◽  
First Child ◽  
Demographic Processes

Abstract The article determines basic factors that influence on demographic processes in Siberia. It is underlined that fall of relative reproduction indices reflects natural transition of population groups born in 1990s to reproductive age. We analysed indices of birthrate, death rate and natural population growth among Siberian regions. It is distinguished that natural population growth is typical for districts with traditionally high relative birthrate indices and for those with high salary level. The author underlines that value of average total birthrate coefficient is not enough for simple reproduction of population in the region. In the article we have presented the reasons of migration outflow from Siberian subjects to the west of the country. It is emphasized that modern social tendencies in the society are challenges for demographic situation in Siberia: high indices of divorces, late giving birth to the first child, orientation for having one child in a family.

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