DEVELOPMENT OF THE APPROACHES FOR COMPLEX UTILIZATION OF BROWN ALGAE (FUCUS VESICULOSUS) BIOMASS FOR THE OBTAINING OF VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS

The seaweed collected after stranding on beaches of Latvia is underexploited natural resource, which has a potential as raw material for biologically active compound extraction for cosmetic and pharmacy and fertilizer in sustainable agriculture. The aim of the present study was development of the approach for the processing of brown alga Fucus vesiculosus biomass, collected from the Gulf of Riga. The thorough characterization of the chemical composition of Fucus vesiculosus has shown that it is a potential source for obtaining of nitrogen-containing fertilizers, and biologically active compounds. One of the proposed approaches for the processing of the Fucus vesiculosus biomass under study includes algae extraction with organic solvents and CaCl2 solution and obtaining soil organic amendment on the basis of the extract-free residue. The ethyl acetate extract was rich in phenolic compounds (430 ± 30 GAE mg/g) with high antioxidant activity in DPPH• and ABTS•+ tests. The ethanol extract contained significant amounts of phlorotannins that was confirmed by the data of LC-MS/MS analysis. The CaCl2 extract was used for the obtaining of sulphated polysaccharide fucoidane (yield ≈7% on the basis of oven dry matter, o.d.m.), which has numerous biological activities. The extract-free residue didn’t show phytotoxicity. The extract free algal biomass exhibited positive effect in root elongation tests with oat (Avena sativa). As alternative approach for processing of the algal biomass, the mechano-chemical treatment of algal biomass with lignin was proposed. EPR analyses confirmed interaction between algal biomass and lignin.

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Antioxidant potential, biochemical activity and hypoglycemic effects of R. obtusifolius L. seed extracts used in Armenian traditional medicine

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20213005001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 05001

Author(s):

Mikayel Ginovyan ◽

Naira Sahakyan ◽

Anush Aghajanyan ◽

Armen Trchounian

Keyword(s):

Fasting Glucose ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Biochemical Activity ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

High Contribution ◽

High Antioxidant Activity ◽

Treatment Of Diabetes ◽

Seed Extracts

The diversity of plants in Armenia is due to the singularity of natural environment. However, biochemical activity of these plants has not been studied well. The goal was to investigate biological activities as well as antihyperglycemic properties of Rumex obtusifolius L. in rabbits with hyperglycemia. According to obtained data, R. obtusifolius extracts possessed high antioxidant activity in chemical-based tests. GS/MS analysis of its methanol extracts allowed identification of several compounds, which could have high contribution on biological activities. The sub-cytotoxic concentration of investigated extract was 10 mgmL-1on Murine microglial BV-2 WT cell lines. Oral administration of ethanol extract showed significant effect on hyperglycemia, reducing fasting glucose levels (57.3%, p<0.05) and improving glucose tolerance. These findings suggest that R. obtusifolius extracts could be source of new biologically active compounds and recommended for treatment of diabetes mellitus.

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Cornus mas L. Stones: A Valuable by-Product as an Ellagitannin Source with High Antioxidant Potential

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25204646 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (20) ◽

pp. 4646

Author(s):

Dominika Przybylska ◽

Alicja Z. Kucharska ◽

Iwona Cybulska ◽

Tomasz Sozański ◽

Narcyz Piórecki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Raw Material ◽

Hydrolyzable Tannins ◽

Cornus Mas ◽

Fruit Processing ◽

High Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Polyphenolic Content ◽

First Time

The stone of Cornus mas L. remains the least known morphological part of this plant, whereas the fruit is appreciated for both consumption purposes and biological activity. The stone is considered to be a byproduct of fruit processing and very little is known about its phytochemical composition and biological properties. In this study, the complete qualitative determination of hydrolyzable tannins, their quantitative analysis, total polyphenolic content, and antioxidant properties of the stone of C. mas are presented for the first time. The 37 identified compounds included the following: various gallotannins (11), monomeric ellagitannins (7), dimeric ellagitannins (10), and trimeric ellagitannins (7). The presence of free gallic acid and ellagic acid was also reported. Our results demonstrate that C. mas stone is a source of various bioactive hydrolyzable tannins and shows high antioxidant activity which could allow potential utilization of this raw material for recovery of valuable pharmaceutical or nutraceutical substances. The principal novelty of our findings is that hydrolyzable tannins, unlike other polyphenols, have been earlier omitted in the evaluation of the biological activities of C. mas. Additionally, the potential recovery of these bioactive chemicals from the byproduct is in line with the ideas of green chemistry and sustainable production.

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Isatis tinctoria L. (Woad): A Review of Its Botany, Ethnobotanical Uses, Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, and Biotechnological Studies

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9030298 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 298 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jasmine Speranza ◽

Natalizia Miceli ◽

Maria Fernanda Taviano ◽

Salvatore Ragusa ◽

Inga Kwiecień ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Future Research ◽

Shoot Cultures ◽

Isatis Tinctoria ◽

Enhanced Production

Isatis tinctoria L. (Brassicaceae), which is commonly known as woad, is a species with an ancient and well-documented history as an indigo dye and medicinal plant. Currently, I. tinctoria is utilized more often as medicinal remedy and also as a cosmetic ingredient. In 2011, I. tinctoria root was accepted in the official European phytotherapy by introducing its monograph in the European Pharmacopoeia. The biological properties of raw material have been known from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Over recent decades, I. tinctoria has been investigated both from a phytochemical and a biological point of view. The modern in vitro and in vivo scientific studies proved anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour, antimicrobial, antiviral, analgesic, and antioxidant activities. The phytochemical composition of I. tinctoria has been thoroughly investigated and the plant was proven to contain many valuable biologically active compounds, including several alkaloids, among which tryptanthrin, indirubin, indolinone, phenolic compounds, and polysaccharides as well as glucosinolates, carotenoids, volatile constituents, and fatty acids. This article provides a general botanical and ethnobotanical overview that summarizes the up-to-date knowledge on the phytochemistry and biological properties of this valuable plant in order to support its therapeutic potential. Moreover, the biotechnological studies on I. tinctoria, which mainly focused on hairy root cultures for the enhanced production of flavonoids and alkaloids as well as on the establishment of shoot cultures and micropropagation protocols, were reviewed. They provide input for future research prospects.

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AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK TERIPANG (H.atra) DENGAN METODE DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)

PHARMACON ◽

10.35799/pha.10.2021.34036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 863

Author(s):

Avinda Shania Wiane Bawole ◽

Defny S. Wewengkang ◽

Irma Antasionasti

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Raw Material ◽

Sea Cucumbers ◽

Marine Life ◽

High Antioxidant Activity

ABSTRACTUtilization of marine life is not just consumptive but can be used as raw material for medicines, one of which is sea cucumber. Sea cucumbers (H.atra) are marine invertebrates belonging to the Echinoderms phylum which have been studied containing antioxidants. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of sea cucumber (H.atra) extract taken from the waters of Manado Bay using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. Sea cucumber samples were extracted using the maceration method. The ethanol extract of sea cucumber showed high antioxidant activity at a concentration of 8 μg / ml with 77.83% inhibition percentage. Keywords: H.atra, Antioxidant, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). ABSTRAKPemanfaatan biota laut bukan hanya sekedar konsumtif saja tapi dapat berpotensi sebagai bahan baku obat-obatan salah satunya teripang. Teripang (H.atra) adalah hewan invertebrata laut yang termasuk ke dalam filum Echinodermata yang pernah diteliti mengandung antioksidan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian untuk mengatehui aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak teripang (H.atra) yang diambil dari perairan Teluk Manado dengan menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Sampel teripang diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi. Ekstrak etanol teripang menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi pada konsentrasi 8 μg/ml dengan persen inhibisi 77,83%. Kata kunci: H.atra, Antioksidan, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)

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COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF IN VIVO PLANT AND IN VITRO CALLUS EXTRACT OF CARDIOSPERMUM HALICACABUM L.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2021.v14i8.42197 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 94-103

Author(s):

THANIARASU R ◽

LOGESHWARI M

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Total Phenolic

Objective: The present investigation focuses on the use of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. in their phytochemical and biological activities. Methods: In this study, in vivo stem and in vitro callus ethanolic extracts of C. halicacabum were tested for their phytochemical attributes by qualitative method, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), antioxidant, antibacterial, and bioactive compound properties. The bactericidal activity of the in vivo stem and in vitro callus extract has been evaluated in both Gram+ve and Gram-ve microorganisms using the disk diffusion method. Results: The highest frequency (78%) of well developed, dark green organogenic callus was induced from stem explant on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.7 mg/l 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and 0.5 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA). The results of FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of functional groups in wild stem and in vitro callus extract of C. halicacabum with various peaks. The total phenolic content in ethanolic extract of in vivo plant and in vitro callus was 80.46 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight and 76.4 mg GAE/g dry weight, respectively. The highest percentage of tannins was measured at 78.03 in wild stem ethanol extracts followed by 75.22 in callus extract. The antioxidant activity of 2,2-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) ethanol extract was found to be 206.54 μg/ml. IC50 values of the stem extracts of C. halicacabum are 306 μg/ml and 286 μg/ml in callus extract, respectively. Antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract was higher for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with a 17 mm zone of inhibition. Conclusion: The present investigation recommended that the callus ethanolic extract function as a good source of biologically active compounds and natural antioxidants.

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Production of Antioxidant and ACEI Peptides from Cheese Whey Discarded from Mexican White Cheese Production

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox8060158 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 158 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sandra Teresita Martín-del-Campo ◽

Pablo César Martínez-Basilio ◽

Juan Carlos Sepúlveda-Álvarez ◽

Susana Estela Gutiérrez-Melchor ◽

Karla Deniss Galindo-Peña ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Cheese Whey ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Digestive Enzyme ◽

Ace Inhibition ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition ◽

White Cheese ◽

Dpph Scavenging

Cheese whey, a byproduct of the cheese-making industry, is discarded in many countries in the environment, causing pollution. This byproduct contains high-quality proteins containing encrypted biologically active peptides. The objective of this work was to evaluate the suitability of using this waste to produce bioactive peptides by enzymatic hydrolysis with a digestive enzyme. Cheese whey from white cheese (Panela cheese) was concentrated to increase total protein and hydrolyzed with trypsin. A central composite design was used to find the best conditions of pH and temperature, giving the higher antioxidant capacity and Δ Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (Δ ACEI) activity. Higher biological activities were found when hydrolysis was performed at 52 °C and a pH of 8.2. The maximum value for the 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging activity was 26%, while the higher Δ ACE inhibition was 0.89. Significant correlations were found between these biological activities and the peptides separated by HPLC. The hydrophilic fraction (HI) showed highly significant correlations with the antioxidant capacity (r = 0.770) and with Δ ACE inhibition (r = 0.706). Antioxidant capacity showed a significant positive correlation with 34 peaks and Δ ACE inhibition with 33 peaks. The cheese whey was successfully used as raw material to produce peptides showing antioxidant capacity and ACEI activity.

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Value-Added Pastry Cream Enriched with Microencapsulated Bioactive Compounds from Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Peel

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9040351 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 351

Author(s):

Georgiana Horincar ◽

Elena Enachi ◽

Vasilica Barbu ◽

Doina Georgeta Andronoiu ◽

Gabriela Râpeanu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Solanum Melongena ◽

Value Added ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Overall Acceptability ◽

A Value ◽

High Antioxidant Activity ◽

Weak Gel

In this study, antioxidant-rich eggplant peel extract was used to obtain a value-added pastry cream. In order to reduce the susceptibility to degradation, microencapsulation of the biologically active compounds from the eggplant peel was first performed. The microencapsulated bioactive compounds powder (MBC) obtained through freeze-drying retained about 94.31% of the anthocyanins present in the extract, was rich in phenolic compounds, and displayed a high antioxidant activity. The purple colored powder was added to the pastry cream in different concentrations (5% and 10%), allowing significant increase of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity, which were rather stable over 72 h of storage under refrigeration conditions. Sensory evaluation indicated that addition of MBC resulted in improved color and overall acceptability of the pastry cream formulation. All pastry cream samples exhibited rheological behavior specific to the weak gel-like structures, with increasing values of storage modulus with MBC addition. The instrumental texture analysis showed that MBC addition to the pastry cream slightly decreased the firmness and improved the chewiness of the samples.

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EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF LEAVES OF EHRETIA ACUMINATA R. BR.

INDIAN DRUGS ◽

10.53879/id.58.04.12201 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 42-49

Author(s):

Abha Shukla ◽

◽

Amanpreet Kaur ◽

Rishi K. Shukla ◽

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Petroleum Ether ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Food Poisoning ◽

Value Added ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Biological Potential ◽

Medicinal Properties

Ehretia acuminata R. Br. is a plant with alternative medicinal properties, commonly found in Asian, African and North American countries. The present study was undertaken to prepare crude extracts of E. acuminata leaves with different polarity solvents (petroleum ether (PE), chloroform (CH), ethyl acetate (EA), ethanol (EOL) and aqua (AQ)) by using successive Soxhelet extraction method and assessing antidiabetic, antiinflammatory and antihemolytic activities by the spectrophotometric method and antimicrobial activity by the zone inhibition method. The highest antidiabetic activity was found in the chloroform extract (IC50 260-265 µg/mL) and the lowest was in the aqueous extract (IC50 1560-1550 µg/mL). In anti-inflammatory assay, highest potential was shown by ethyl acetate (IC50 290 µg/mL) extract and lowest in petroleum ether (IC50 750µg/mL) extract. The zone of inhibition is highest in ethanol extract (12-18mm) by different food poisoning microbes, similarly, ethyl acetate extract showed the highest potential in antihemolytic activity with IC50 90 µg/mL. Many extracts of E. acuminata leaves showed a high biological potential that could be attributed to the high amount of phytoconstituents and thus could be utilized as value added functional food.

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Technological aspects of obtaining melanin and powder from buckwheat hull and their use in food technology

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202129607007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 296 ◽

pp. 07007

Author(s):

Svetlana Korpacheva ◽

Kristina Serasutdinova ◽

Igor Lomovsky ◽

Olga Chugunova

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Fine Powder ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Production Volume ◽

Food Ingredients ◽

High Antioxidant Activity ◽

Paper Technology ◽

Active Substances ◽

Unique Chemical

In the paper, technology of melanin and powder from buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) hull obtaining is studied. Buckwheat hull is a by-product of buckwheat grain production and has high antioxidant activity. It is a cheap source for raw material with high content of cellulose and brown melanin pigment. In Russia, buckwheat grain is strategical crop used in child and dietary nutrition. Buckwheat hulls, which production volume is about 22% of the total volume of processed grain, are practically not used. At the same time, buckwheat hull can be regarded as a valuable raw material for obtaining of several biologically active substances and technological food ingredients due to its unique chemical composition. The possibility and prospects of using products of buckwheat hulls processing in the formulation of dessert with functional properties, is described. It was found that the implementation of buckwheat processing by-products into the desserts increases their antioxidant activity, and addition of fine powder increases dietary fiber content in them.

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Ecological and physiological as well as biochemical properties of representatives of the Genus sedum L.

Ecology and Noospherology ◽

10.15421/031417 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (3-4) ◽

pp. 24-33

Author(s):

O. I. Dzjuba ◽

M. V. Yatsenko

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Cell Line ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Hepatoma Cell ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Hepatoma Cell Line ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Dose Dependent

The article deals with the history of the study and the current state of research of physiological and biochemical properties of the plant genus Sedum that are useful for human and has been used in folk medicine for many years. It was noticed that antioxidant properties of extracts from plants S. sarmentosum, S. sempervivoides, S. takesimense were caused by the presence of phenolic compounds. Methanol extract of plants S. takesimense exhibited strong scavenging activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radicals as well as significant inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation and low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation induced by a metal ion Cu2+. Various immunomodulatory activities of various fractions of plants extracts (S. dendroideum, S. kamtschaticum, S. sarmentosum, S. telephium) are observed. It was shown that the ethanol extract of S. sarmentosum and it’s fractions suppressed specific antibody and cellular responses to ovalbumin in mice. The methanol extract of plants S. sarmentosum reduced the levels of anti-inflammatory markers, such as volume of exudates, number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, suppressed nitric oxide synthesis in activated macrophages via suppressed induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Polysaccharides fractions from plants S. telephium inducing productions of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), increasing the intensity of phagocytosis in vitro and in vivo. Methanol extract from the whole part of S. kamtschaticum strongly inhibit PGE2 production from lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells, a mouse macrophage cell line via modulating activity in gene expression of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The methanol extract of plants S. sarmentosum and the major kaempferol glycosides from S. dendroideum have antinociceptive activity. It was noticed that anti-adipogenic activity of extracts from plants S. kamtschaticum were caused by inhibition of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) expression and it’s dependent target genes, such as genes encoding adipocyte protein 2 (аР2), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), adiponectin and CD36. Polysaccharides fractions from S. telephium cause inhibition of cell adhesion of human fibroblast (MRC5) to laminin and fibronectin via interfere with integrin-mediated cell behaviour and they contributed to the role of polysaccharides in cell-matrix interaction. The methanol extract of plants S. sarmentosum exhibited a significant inhibitory activity in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. The crude alkaloid fraction of S. sarmentosum caused a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation on murine hepatoma cell line BNL CL.2 and human hepatoma cell line HepG2 without necrosis or apoptosis. Alkaloids from plants S. sarmentosum may improve survival of hepatoma patients via the inhibition of excessive growth of tumor cells. Plant’s juices have antiviral activity (S. sarmentosum, S. spurium, S. stahlii). Crude ethanol extract S. praealtum have spermicidal activity of the in mice and a relevant inhibitory effect of aqueous extract on human spermatozoa motility as well as an anti-fertilizing activity in rats. Hepatoprotective triterpenes, e.g., δ-amyrone, 3-epi-δ-amyrin, δ-amyrin and sarmentolin were isolated from S. sarmentosum. 2- and 2,6-substituted piperidine alkaloids (e.g., norsedamine, allosedridine, sedamine, allosedamine) are observed in plants S. acre, which in the presence of data on the use of pyridine and piperidine derivatives for treating neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), points on the promising research in this area. Taking into account that biologically active compounds are accumulated in the aboveground vegetative organs of plants of Sedum, the prospects of further study of the use of Sedum for the purposes of biotechnology and in the pharmaceutical industry becomes apparent. This work extends the existing views regarding the use of plants Sedum.

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