scholarly journals A Nissen-féle fundoplicatio sikeressége és az azt befolyásoló faktorok. Eredmények a Pécsi Tudományegyetemen az indikációk és tünetek függvényében

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 (25) ◽  
pp. 1013-1023
Author(s):  
Péter Varjú ◽  
Örs Péter Horváth ◽  
András Papp ◽  
Noémi Gede ◽  
József Czimmer
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Reoperation Rate ◽  
Medical Database ◽  
Postoperative Complaints

Abstract: Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases in developed countries. Besides the conservative modalities, surgery plays an increasing role in the treatment of the disease. Aim: Our aim was to investigate and compare the surgical and 6-month follow-up data of patients to the literature (quality control), who underwent Nissen fundoplication in the Medical Centre of Pécs between 2007 and 2014, and to assess the factors (especially psychiatric comorbidity and antidepressants) influencing the success. Method: In summary, data of 183 fundoplications of 166 patients were collected from the medical database of the University of Pécs. Statistical analysis: For data analysis, descriptive statistical methods (relative frequency) and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval were used. Results: The most frequent indication of fundoplications was hiatal hernia combined with the failure of conservative (proton-pump inhibitor, PPI) treatment (54%). Reoperation rate (8%) was similar to literature data (5–10%). 62% of the patients had postoperative complaints, which, except bloating, were more common among women. 93.67% experienced certain grade of improvement of reflux symptoms. Postoperative PPI treatment was necessary in 37% of patients and in 9% postoperative interventions had to be performed. Female gender and psychiatric comorbidity worsened, antidepressant medication improved the success rate. The results of reoperations were inferior compared to primary operations. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the success rate of fundoplications in our centre fits to the literature data and adequate antidepressant medication may improve the worse results of psychiatric patients postoperatively, however, more randomized clinical studies are needed in this issue. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(25): 1013–1023.

Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Italian Single-Center Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Aleksova ◽  
Rita Belfiore ◽  
Cosimo Carriere ◽  
Salam Kassem ◽  
Salvatore La Carrubba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
High Exposure

Abstract. Background: Hypovitaminosis D is a vitamin deficiency that has been increasing in developed countries; it was also suggested as an emerging risk factor for developing of atherosclerosis and acute myocardial infarction. The primary source of vitamin D is its cutaneous synthesis under exposure to sunlight. It has been suggested that 30 min of sun exposure twice weekly leads to sufficient vitamin D synthesis. The residents of Trieste (Italy) are well-known for their high exposure to sunlight in all seasons. We aimed to investigate the vitamin D status in subjects with acute myocardial infarction living in this area. Methods: Vitamin D status was identified in 478 subjects diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction. Results: The median serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 14.5 [7.8 - 22.7] ng/mL. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were present in 324 (68 %) and 107 (22 %) subjects, respectively. Vitamin D deficiency was less frequent among subjects enrolled in the period from July to the end of September (p < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis vitamin D deficiency was predicted by older age (p = 0.02), female gender (p = 0.002), higher body mass index (p = 0.05), autumn/winter sampling (p < 0.001), increased parathyroid hormone (p = 0.03) and alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.003). Conclusions: We observed very high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among subjects with myocardial infarction in all seasons of enrollment. However, it was lower in the summer when sun exposure is higher. The exposure to sunlight may be a cost-saving therapeutic strategy for the management of vitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C prevalence among patients with mental illness: a review of the literature

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (suppl 4) ◽  
pp. s607-s620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenza Nogueira Campos ◽  
Mark Drew Crosland Guimarães ◽  
Ricardo Andrade Carmo ◽  
Ana Paula Souto Melo ◽  
Helian Nunes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Chronic Mental Illness ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Representative Samples ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

A limited number of studies worldwide have investigated the prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C infection among psychiatric patients. However, prevalence of these infections in the population with chronic mental illness has not been clearly established. Most of the published papers are from developed countries and have derived from relatively small and non-representative samples. We performed a systematic review of the published literature to identify studies on these infectious diseases within psychiatric populations in Brazil and other developing countries. Overall, prevalence rates varied from 0% to 29% for HIV; 1.6% to 66% for HBV; 0.4% to 38% for HCV; and 1.1% to 7.6% for syphilis. Several risk factors were identified and discussed, although sampling limitations restrict the generalization of study findings. This review highlights the lack of information on the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and their associated factors among persons with chronic mental illness and identifies gaps in the knowledge base in both developing and developed countries.

The Correlates of Cortical Sulci Atrophy and Central Atrophy in a Cohort of Schizophrenia and Manic Subjects in Nigeria

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiodun O. Adeyinka ◽  
Jude U. Ohaeri ◽  
Benjamin O. Osuntokun
Keyword(s):  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Parallel Study ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The Relationship

The prevalence of brain cortical sulci atrophy and central (subcortical) atrophy among Nigerian psychiatric patients is highlighted and compared with findings from developed countries. The relationship between these indices of brain atrophy and clinical parameters is also examined. Visual ratings of cortical sulci atrophy and central (subcortical) atrophy, assessed on the computed tomography (CT) image console, were compared among 50 patients with schizophrenia, 14 patients with mania and 41 healthy control subjects. The patients with schizophrenia and the patients with mania had a significantly higher prevalence of brain atrophy than normal subjects. Among the patients with schizophrenia, indices of brain atrophy were not significantly associated with disease outcome, and the presence of negative symptoms. In view of the findings from a parallel study of the same patients that psychiatric patient groups showed other evidence of CT abnormalities, the findings of this study indicate that the so-called functional psychiatric states in developing countries — as in developed countries — are probably associated with some diffuse neuropathological process.

scholarly journals Comparison of marsupialization under nasal endoscopy versus Lacrimal probing for treatment of congenital dacryocystoceles: a report of 40 cases

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Cui ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Lixing Tang ◽  
Chengyue Zhang ◽  
Qian Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Reoperation Rate ◽  
Nasal Endoscopy ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Introduction This study was performed to compare the efficacy of marsupialization under nasal endoscopy versus Lacrimal probing in the treatment of congenital dacryocystocele. Methods Forty neonates (43 eyes) diagnosed with congenital dacryocystoceles were divided into Group A (nasal endoscopic marsupialization) and Group B (Lacrimal probing). The patients were followed up for 1 year after surgery. The efficacy, incidence of complications, and reoperation rate were compared between the two groups. Results The male:female ratio was 25:15 patients (27:16 eyes). In Group A, the success rate was 100%, the incidence of complications was 5%, and the reoperation rate was 0%. In Group B, the success rate was 90%, the incidence of complications was 20%, and the reoperation rate was 30%. Conclusion Compared with Lacrimal probing, marsupialization under nasal endoscopy provides greater efficacy and safety for congenital dacryocystoceles.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Abdominal Obesity in the Productive Age in Surabaya

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Fani Kusteviani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sugary Drinks ◽  
Fat Deposits

Obesity has become a public health and nutrition issues the world both developed countries and developing countries, including Indonesia. Abdominal obesity is one type of obesity where there is abdominal fat deposits as measured by waist circumference. Abdominal obesity is more at risk of health problems such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and cardiovascular disease than general obesity. Behavioral and environmental factors as well as genetic plays a role in the onset of abdominal obesity. The purpose of the study was to analyze factors associated with abdominal obesity in the productive age (15–64 years) in Surabaya. The independent variables used were age, sex, marital status, family size, education, occupation, smoking, physical activity, consumption of vegetables and or fruit, food or sugary drinks, fatty foods and mental health. This research was analytical study use cross sectional design. The study used secondary data from Basic Health Research Surabaya 2007 amounted to 2191 respondents by simple random sampling. Data were analyzed with Chi-square test and logistic regression. Result of analysis showed that risk factors of abdominal obesity were age 35–64 years, female gender and married or divorced status, level of education ≤ SMA and consume fatty food regularly. The most influential risk factors are female. Increasing knowledge, physical activity, and reducing fat intake can prevent the risk of abdominal obesity.Keyword: abdominal obesity, productive age, lifestyle, female

scholarly journals Intestinal organoids for modelling intestinal development and disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1750) ◽  
pp. 20170217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Fair ◽  
Jennifer Colquhoun ◽  
Nicholas R. F. Hannan
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Intestinal Development ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Intestinal Organoids ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Human Specific

Gastrointestinal diseases are becoming increasingly prevalent in developed countries. Immortalized cells and animal models have delivered important but limited insight into the mechanisms that initiate and propagate these diseases. Human-specific models of intestinal development and disease are desperately needed that can recapitulate structure and function of the gut in vitro . Advances in pluripotent stem cells and primary tissue culture techniques have made it possible to culture intestinal epithelial cells in three dimensions that self-assemble to form ‘intestinal organoids'. These organoids allow for new, human-specific models that can be used to gain insight into gastrointestinal disease and potentially deliver new therapies to treat them. Here we review current in vitro models of intestinal development and disease, considering where improvements could be made and potential future applications in the fields of developmental modelling, drug/toxicity testing and therapeutic uses. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Designer human tissue: coming to a lab near you'.

DISEASE PATTERNS;

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 570-574
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Zakria
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Medical Ward ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Diagnosis

Communicable and gastrointestinal diseases followed by respiratory diseasesare the main reasons of admission in medical ward of developing countries. This is different fromthe developed countries where non communicable diseases are the main reasons of hospitaladmission. In developing countries the data of hospital admission are still lacking. Therefore thisstudy will help us to assess the common patterns of diseases admitted in a medical ward, theaverage length of hospital stay etc. Objective: The objectives of this study are to assess thepatterns and prevalence of diseases, the most common diagnosis and average duration ofpatient’s hospital stay. Design: Observational retrospective cross-sectional study. Patients andmethods: The record of 327 hospitalized patients in medical ward was analyzed for the period ofthirteen months from Mar 2013 to Mar 2014. Patient’s medical records were retrieved and dataanalysis was done to obtain age, sex, common diagnosis, the affected system and the duration ofthe hospital stay. The data was analyzed by using SPSSV 16. Results: After reviewing the data,the most common age of patients being admitted were between 46-65 yrs (37.6%), followed bybetween 26-45yrs (33%), < 25yrs (15.9 %) , between 66-85 yrs (12.5 % )and > 85 yrs were only1% . Among the admitted patients females were more than the males except in case of liverdiseases. The most affected system was gastrointestinal ( 22.63 % ) and the most commondiagnosis was Diabetes Mellitus (12.84 %). The next common system involved wascardiovascular (15.29 %), respiratory (14.37 %), endocrine / DM (10.70 %), neurology (9.48 %),heamatology (3.36 %), renal (2.45 %) , rheumatology (1.84 %) and others ( including pyschiarty ,poisoning, infectious , electric shock etc ) (5.81 %). The cause for hospital admission by infectionin different system was (20.48%) The average duration of hospital stay of the patients was 4 days.Conclusions: The gastrointestinal diseases and the infectious diseases are the most commondiseases. The communicable diseases still hold a greater position in developing countries, whilenon communicable diseases are main reasons for admission to the medical wards in developedcountries.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms and associated factors in medical interns at a tertiary hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaveshin Naidu ◽  
John R. Torline ◽  
Michelle Henry ◽  
Helena B. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Interns

Background: It is known that medical doctors suffer from increased rates of depression with medical interns being most at risk. Despite this, little is known about the prevalence of depression in interns in South Africa.Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms in interns employed at Groote Schuur Hospital, a tertiary hospital in the Western Cape.Method: The study was a cross-sectional study. All 91 interns were invited to participate in the study and consenting interns were required to complete a demographic and related questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory 2 (BDI-2).Results: Fifty-four (59.3%) of all invited interns participated in the study. Twenty-two interns (40.7%) reported a BDI-2 score of 14 or greater, indicating at least mild self-reported symptoms of depression. Features associated with a BDI-2 score of 14 or greater, included female gender, a previous diagnosis of depression, seeing a psychotherapist and previously being on antidepressant medication during internship. Other features also significantly associated with higher BDI-2 scores included suicidal ideation, thoughts of emigration, wanting to leave medicine and using substances to cope. The most significant associated feature of high BDI-2 scores was a subjective feeling of being ‘burnt out’.Conclusion: Interns had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms when compared to the general population. The feeling of being ‘burnt out’ was the most significant factor associated with the severity of depressive symptoms. It is imperative that the mental health of both medical students and newly qualified doctors be prioritised, supported and monitored.

Sexual behavior and sexual problems among patients with severe chronic psychoses

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Raja ◽  
Antonella Azzoni
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Sexual Performance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate sexual behavior in a population of psychiatric patients affected by schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or bipolar disorder by means of an ad hoc questionnaire designed to explore the three phases of the sexual response: desire (or interest), arousal, and performance. The study assessed patients’ attitude toward sexuality, several aspects of their sexual behavior, including patients’ awareness of the risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), contraceptive strategy preferred by patients, and sexual effects of psychotropic medication. Patients reported a high frequency of sexual dysfunction, in particular, hyposexuality. Schizophrenia diagnosis and female gender were associated with lower levels of sexual performance. The impact of psychotropic drugs on patients’ sexuality was significant, with both positive and negative effects. Although 65.8% of patients reported to be concerned about the risk of contracting infections during sexual intercourse, most of them engaged in sexual behavior at high risk for acquisition and transmission of STD. Patients’ compliance with contraceptive measures was poor.

Schizophrenic and Manic Brains in Nigerians Computerised Tomography Findings

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jude U. Ohaeri ◽  
Abiodun O. Adeyinka ◽  
Solomon N. Enyidah ◽  
Benjamin O. Osuntokun
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Computerised Tomography ◽  
Brain Abnormality ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Brain Ventricle

BackgroundWe highlight the profile of brain computerised tomography (CT) measures among Nigerian psychiatric patients for comparison with findings from developed countries, and study of the relationship between CT values and clinical variables.MethodSeven brain ventricle measures of 50 schizophrenic patients, 14 manic patients, and 41 healthy control subjects were compared.ResultsPatients had a significantly higher mean Sylvian fissure area. The third ventricle of schizophrenic patients was significantly larger than those of control subjects. CT measures were not significantly correlated with duration of illness.ConclusionThe so-called functional psychotic states are most probably associated with nonspecific brain abnormality.

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