scholarly journals Physicochemical and Biological Evaluation of Endodontic Filling Materials for Primary Teeth

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerine Jahnecke Pilownic ◽  
Ana Paula Neutzling Gomes ◽  
Zhe Jun Wang ◽  
Luiza Helena Silva Almeida ◽  
Ana Regina Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Histological Data ◽  
Biocompatibility Test

Abstract This study assessed the pH, radiopacity, antimicrobial effect, cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of endodontic filling materials for primary teeth. Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE), Vitapex and Calen paste thickened with zinc oxide (ZO) were evaluated in comparison to an experimental MTA-based material. Radiopacity was tested using a graduated aluminum stepwedge with a digital sensor (n=5). The materials pH was recorded at 1, 4, 12 h; 1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 days (n=5). Direct contact test was used to assess the antimicrobial efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis after 1, 4, 12, 24 h (n=5). Cytotoxicity assay used MTT test for cell viability after incubation for 1, 3 and 7 days (n=5). For biocompatibility test, Wistar rats had received implants containing each material (n=5). The biopsied tissues were histologically analyzed after 15, 30 and 60 days. The results of radiopacity, pH, antimicrobial capacity and cytotoxicity were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests. The histological data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis test. The experimental material presented the lowest radiopacity (3.28 mm Al) and had a pH>12.0 throughout the test period. The experimental material showed the highest antibacterial effect, killing over 99.97% bacteria in 4 h. Vitapex presented the highest cell viability. Initially, biocompatibility test showed moderate to severe inflammation in all groups. After 60 days, Calen+ZO group showed moderate inflammation, while the others showed predominantly mild inflammatory reaction. The present results demonstrated that the experimental MTA-based material exhibited satisfactory behavior regarding the studied properties. Additional in vivo studies are necessary for a better evaluation of the material.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Titanium Dental Implant Surfaces on Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell Behavior. An In Vitro Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6353
Author(s):  
Vittoria D’Esposito ◽  
Josè Camilla Sammartino ◽  
Pietro Formisano ◽  
Alessia Parascandolo ◽  
Domenico Liguoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Titanium Dental Implant ◽  
Adhesive Ability ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Background: The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of three different titanium (Ti) implant surfaces on the viability and secretory functions of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from a Bichat fat pad (BFP-MSCs). Methods: Four different Ti disks were used as substrate: (I) D1: smooth Ti, as control; (II) D2: chemically etched, resembling the Kontact S surface; (III) D3: sandblasted, resembling the Kontact surface; (IV) D4: blasted/etched, resembling the Kontact N surface. BFP-MSCs were plated on Ti disks for 72 h. Cell viability, adhesion on disks and release of a panel of cytokines, chemokines and growth factor were evaluated. Results: BFP-MSCs plated in wells with Ti surface showed a viability rate (~90%) and proliferative rate comparable to cells plated without disks and to cells plated on D1 disks. D2 and D4 showed the highest adhesive ability. All the Ti surfaces did not interfere with the release of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors by BFP-MSCs. However, BFP-MSCs cultured on D4 surface released a significantly higher amount of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) compared either to cells plated without disks and to cells plated on D1 and D2. Conclusions: The implant surfaces examined do not impair the BFP-MSCs cell viability and preserve their secretion of cytokines and chemokines. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary to define the implant surface parameters able to assure the chemokines’ optimal release for a real improvement of dental implant osseointegration.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and In Vivo Studies of a Green, One-Pot Preparation of Copper/Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle-Coated Bandages

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Archana R. Deokar ◽  
Ilana Perelshtein ◽  
Melissa Saibene ◽  
Nina Perkas ◽  
Paride Mantecca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Ultrasound Irradiation ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
One Pot ◽  
The Face ◽  
Bulk Scale ◽  
Particle Size And Shape

Simultaneous water and ethanol-based synthesis and coating of copper and zinc oxide (CuO/ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) on bandages was carried out by ultrasound irradiation. High resolution-transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the effects of the solvent on the particle size and shape of metal oxide NPs. An antibacterial activity study of metal-oxide-coated bandages was carried out against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative). CuO NP-coated bandages made from both water and ethanol demonstrated complete killing of S. aureus and E. coli bacteria within 30 min., whereas ZnO NP-coated bandages demonstrated five-log reductions in viability for both kinds of bacteria after 60 min of interaction. Further, the antibacterial mechanism of CuO/ZnO NP-coated bandages is proposed here based on electron spin resonance studies. Nanotoxicology investigations were conducted via in vivo examinations of the effect of the metal-oxide bandages on frog embryos (teratogenesis assay—Xenopus). The results show that water-based coatings resulted in lesser impacts on embryo development than the ethanol-based ones. These bandages should therefore be considered safer than the ethanol-based ones. The comparison between the toxicity of the metal oxide NPs prepared in water and ethanol is of great importance, because water will replace ethanol for bulk scale synthesis of metal oxide NPs in commercial companies to avoid further ignition problems. The novelty and importance of this manuscript is avoiding the ethanol in the typical water:ethanol mixture as the solvent for the preparation of metal oxide NPs. Ethanol is ignitable, and commercial companies are trying the evade its use. This is especially important these days, as the face mask produced by sonochemistry (SONOMASK) is being sold all over the world by SONOVIA, and it is coated with ZnO.

Discovery, Synthetic Methodology, and Biological Evaluation for Antiphotoaging Activity of Bicyclic[1,2,3]triazoles: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 5422-5435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yu Hsieh ◽  
Wen-Chun Lee ◽  
Gopal Chandru Senadi ◽  
Wan-Ping Hu ◽  
Jium-Jia Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Synthetic Methodology

Rational Combinations Including a Novel Syk Inhibitor, Fostamatinib Disodium (FosD) in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 283-283
Author(s):  
Randall M Rossi ◽  
Valerie Grose ◽  
Polly Pine ◽  
Richard I Fisher ◽  
Craig T. Jordan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
B Cell Receptor ◽  
In Vivo Studies

Abstract Abstract 283 Certain malignant B-cells rely upon B-cell receptor-mediated survival signals. Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) initiates and amplifies the B-cell receptor-mediated signal. We and others have demonstrated that fostamatinib disodium (FosD: a prodrug of R406, a potent and specific inhibitor of Syk) induces apoptosis in lymphoma cell lines and primary tumors. A recent clinical trial has demonstrated significant clinical activity of FosD in relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and minimal overlap in toxicities with conventional agents. Given this background, future development in B-cell NHL will include rational combinations of FosD and currently available therapies. Therefore, we conducted in vitro and in vivo studies of rational combinations including FosD, in anticipation of clinical trial development. First, using a human DLBCL cell line of GCB genotype, (OCI-Ly19), we analyzed in vitro the combination of R406 with the following agents: fludarabine, rapamycin, rituximab, bendamustine and bortezomib. Increased cytotoxicity was observed using in vitro culture assays with the addition of fludarabine, rapamycin, or rituximab to R406. Cell viability at 72 hours was 25% with R406 alone, 27% for fludarabine alone, and only 9% for the fludarabine/R406. At 48 hours, cell viability was 49% using R406 alone, 31% using rituximab alone, and 21% for rituximab/R406. At 120 hours using primary lymphoma cells (DLCL27), there were no viable cells treated with the rapamycin/FosD combination, compared with rapamycin alone (7%) or FosD alone (25%) The addition of bortezomib or bendamustine to FosD resulted in only a minimal additive increase in cytotoxicity. Results with all combinations were similar with the OCI-Ly10 human DLBCL line of ABC genotype. We then performed in vivo studies by subcutaneous transplantation of the DLBCL cell line OCI-Ly19, (engineered to express luciferase allowing for real time in vivo imaging) into immune deficient NOD/SCID mice which reproducibly formed tumors. Recipient animals were separated into uniform cohorts when the tumors were less than or equal to 500 mm3 in size. The animals were then simultaneously treated with FosD (n=7; 3 gm/kg ad. lib.; translates into 2-5 micromolar R406 systemically throughout the 24h period) and either bortezomib, (n=6; 0.4 mg/kg weekly IP), or rituximab, (n=13; 3 mg/kg, 2x weekly IP). Analysis of the OCI-Ly19 tumor volumes at day 46 showed a median of 2364 mm3 with bortezomib alone compared with 1823 mm3 with bortezomib and FosD. When FosD was combined with rituximab the most significant cytotoxicity was observed: (p=0.01; median tumor volume of 497 mm3 following the combination) in comparison to either FosD alone (3150 mm3) or rituximab alone (1764 mm3). We conclude that the addition of FosD appears to increase activity against NHL of several drugs, including fludarabine and rapamycin. These agents have significant activity in indolent and mantle cell NHL as well as CLL. Moreover, there is no evidence that FosD impedes rituximab responses in vitro or in vivo; in fact we have suggested possible synergy with the combination of rituximab and FosD. Based upon the documented single agent activity of FosD in humans, and this data, clinical trials are now indicated using these promising combinations in NHL and CLL. Disclosures: Pine: Rigel: Employment. Friedberg:Rigel: Research Funding.

Ranolazine and TDM1 treatment: Cardioprotective effects in vitro and in vivo.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23102-e23102
Author(s):  
Nicola Maurea ◽  
Carmela Coppola ◽  
Giovanna Piscopo ◽  
Gennaro Riccio ◽  
Domenica Rea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Antibody Drug Conjugate ◽  
Fetal Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Covalently Linked

e23102 Background: Ado trastuzumab emtansine (TDM1) is a novel antibody–drug conjugate consisting of trastuzumab (TRAS) covalently linked to the highly potent microtubule inhibitory agent DM1 via a stable thioether linker. TDM1 is used in metastatic ErbB2 positive breast cancer patients. Although, the potential cardiotoxic effects of TDM1 have not yet been fully elucidated, they can include changes in Ca2+ regulation related to blockade of ErbB2, PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways. Here, we aim to elucidate whether Ranolazine (R), administered after TDM1 treatment, blunts or not cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. Methods: In vitro, human fetal cardiomyocytes (HFC) were treated with TDM1 for 3 days and then treated in the absence or presence of R for 3 days. Cell viability was assessed by cell counting and MTT assay. To evaluate cardiac function in vivo, C57/BL6 mice, 2-4 months old, were daily treated with TDM1 (44.4 mg/kg/day). At day 0 and after 7 days, fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) were measured, by M/B mode echocardiography, and radial and longitudinal strain (RS and LS) were evaluated using 2D speckle-stracking. These measurements were repeated after 5 days of R treatment (305 mg/Kg/day), started at the end of TDM1 treatment. Results: R reduces TDM1 toxicity in HFC, as evidenced by the higher percentage of viable cells treated with TDM1+ R with respect to the cells treated with TDM1 alone (p < 0.01). In in vivo studies: after 7 days with TDM1 administration, FS decreased to 53.6±0.9%, versus 61.0±0.8 % (sham), (p < 0.01), and EF decreased to 85.5±3.5 % versus 91.0±0.8% (sham), (p < 0.01). Moreover, RS decreased to 20.92±3.2 % versus 42.2±10.1% (sham) (p < 0.01), and LS decreased to -15.5±2.8 % versus -23.6±6.7% (sham), (p < 0.01).In mice treated with TDM1 and, successively treated with R for 5 days, the indices of cardiac function partially recovered: FS 58±2.4 % (p < 0.05), EF 88.8±1.7 %, (p < 0.05), RS (35.7±8.2 %, p > 0.05), whereas the alteration of LS persists even after treatment with R (-17.3±3.7 %, p > 0.05) Conclusions: Here we show that in vivo R post-treatment reduces cardiotoxic effects due to TDM1, as demonstrated by the recovery of FS, EF and RS values. As expected, R increases cell viability of HFC treated with TDM1.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of root canal filling materials for primary teeth: zinc oxide and eugenol cement, Calen paste thickened with zinc oxide, Sealapex and EndoREZ

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Mussolino de Queiroz ◽  
Paulo Nelson Filho ◽  
Léa Assed Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Sada Assed ◽  
Raquel Assed Bezerra da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Root Canal Filling Materials ◽  
Bacterial Growth Inhibition

This study evaluated in vitro the antibacterial activity of 4 root canal filling materials for primary teeth - zinc oxide and eugenol cement (ZOE), Calen paste thickened with zinc oxide (Calen/ZO), Sealapex sealer and EndoREZ sealer - against 5 bacterial strains commonly found in endodontic infections (Kocuria rhizophila, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) using the agar diffusion test (agar-well technique). Calen paste, 1% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) and distilled water served as controls. Seven wells per dish were made at equidistant points and immediately filled with the test and control materials. After incubation of the plates at 37oC for 24 h, the diameter of the zones of bacterial growth inhibition produced around the wells was measured (in mm) with a digital caliper under reflected light. Data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test (?=0.05). There were statistically significant differences (p<0.0001) among the zones of bacterial growth inhibition produced by the different materials against all target microorganisms. K. rhizophila was inhibited more effectively (p<0.05) by ZOE, while Calen/ZO had its highest antibacterial activity against E. faecalis (p<0.05). S. mutans was inhibited by Calen/ZO, Sealapex and ZOE in the same intensity (p>0.05). E. coli was inhibited more effectively (p<0.05) by ZOE, followed by Calen/ZO and Sealapex. Calen/ZO and ZOE were equally effective (p>0.05) against S. aureus, while Sealapex had the lowest antibacterial efficacy (p<0.05) against this microorganism. EndoREZ presented antibacterial activity only against K. rhizophila and S. aureus. The Calen paste and Calen/ZO produced larger zones of inhibition than 1% CHX when the marker microorganism was E faecalis. In conclusion, the in vitro antibacterial activity of the 4 root canal filling materials for primary teeth against bacterial strains commonly found in endodontic infections can be presented in a decreasing order of efficacy as follows: ZOE>Calen/ZO>Sealapex>EndoREZ.

scholarly journals Effects of Erythrodiol on the Antioxidant Response and Proteome of HepG2 Cells

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Juan Luis Peñas-Fuentes ◽  
Eva Siles ◽  
Eva E. Rufino-Palomares ◽  
Amalia Pérez-Jiménez ◽  
Fernando J. Reyes-Zurita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Functional Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems

Erythrodiol (EO) is a pentacyclic triterpenic alcohol found in olive tree leaves and olive oil, and it has important effects on the health properties and quality of olive oil. In this study, we characterized the cytotoxic effects of EO on human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells by studying changes in cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antioxidant defense systems, and the proteome. The results reveal that EO markedly decreased HepG2 cell viability without changing ROS levels. The concentrations of glutathione and NADPH were significantly reduced, with selective changes in the activity of several antioxidant enzymes: glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Proteomic data reveal that EO led to the complete elimination or decreased abundance of 41 and 3 proteins, respectively, and the abundance of 29 proteins increased. The results of functional enrichment analysis show that important metabolic processes and the nuclear transport of mature mRNA were impaired, whereas AMP biosynthesis and cell cycle G2/M phase transition were induced. The transcription factors and miRNAs involved in this response were also identified. These potent antiproliferative effects make EO a good candidate for the further analysis of its hepatic antitumor effects in in vivo studies.

scholarly journals Low-Molecular-Weight Fucoidan as Complementary Therapy of Fluoropyrimidine-Based Chemotherapy in Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Wen Huang ◽  
Yen-Cheng Chen ◽  
Tzu-Chieh Yin ◽  
Po-Jung Chen ◽  
Tsung-Kun Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Tumor Cell Migration ◽  
Anti Cancer

This study investigated the roles of low-molecular-weight fucoidan (LMWF) in enhancing the anti-cancer effects of fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. HCT116 and Caco-2 cells were treated with LMWF and 5-FU. Cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration were analyzed in both cell types. Potential mechanisms underlying how LMWF enhances the anti-cancer effects of fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy were also explored. The cell viability of HCT116 and Caco-2 cells was significantly reduced after treatment with a LMWF-5-FU combination. In HCT116 cells, LMWF enhanced the suppressive effects of 5-FU on cell viability through the 1) induction of cell cycle arrest in the S phase and 2) late apoptosis mediated by the Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. In Caco-2 cells, LMWF enhanced the suppressive effects of 5-FU on cell viability through both c-mesenchymal&ndash;epithelial transition (MET)/ Kirsten Rat Sarcoma virus (KRAS)/ extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-MET/ phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinases (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways. Moreover, LMWF enhanced the suppressive effects of 5-FU on tumor cell migration through the c-MET/ matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 signaling pathway in both HCT116 and Caco-2 cells. Our results demonstrated that LMWF is a potential complementary therapy for enhancing the efficacies of fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy in colorectal cancers (CRCs) with the wild-type or mutated KRAS gene through different mechanisms. However, in vivo studies and in clinical trials are required to validate the results of the present study.

Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Novel Series of Thiadiazole-Based Anticancer Agents as Potent Angiogenesis Inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burcugül Altuğ-Tasa ◽  
Betül Kaya-Çavuşoğlu ◽  
Ayşe T. Koparal ◽  
Gülhan Turan ◽  
Ali S. Koparal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Human Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Ic50 Values

Background: Thiadiazole has attracted a great deal of interest as a versatile heterocycle for the discovery and development of potent anticancer agents. Thiadiazole derivatives exert potent antitumor activity against a variety of human cancer cell lines through various mechanisms. Objective: The goal of this work was to design and synthesize thiadiazole-based anticancer agents with anti-angiogenic activity. Methods: N-aryl-2-[(5-(aryl)amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio]acetamides (4a-r) were synthesized via the reaction of 5-(aryl)amino-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2(3H)-thiones with N-(aryl)-2-chloroacetamides in the presence of potassium carbonate. The compounds were investigated for their cytotoxic effects on three cancer (A549, HepG2, SH-SY5Y), two normal (HUVEC and 3T3-L1) cell lines using MTT and WST1 assays. In order to examine whether the compounds have anti-angiogenic effects or not, HUVEC were cultured on matrigel matrix to create a vascular-like tube formation. Results: Compounds 4d, 4m and 4n were more effective on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells than cisplatin. The IC50 values of compounds 4d, 4m and 4n for A549 cell line were found to be 7.82±0.4, 12.5±0.22, 10.1±0.52 µM, respectively when compared with cisplatin (IC50= 20±0.51 µM), whilst their IC50 values for HUVEC cell line were determined as 138.7±0.84, 78±0.44, 177.6±0.2 µM, respectively after 48 h treatment. The concentrations (10-20-50 µM) of compounds 4d, 4e, 4l, 4m, 4n, 4q and 4r were found to inhibit vascular like tube formation. Conclusion: According to their anticancer and anti-angiogenic effects, compounds 4d, 4m and 4n may be potential anticancer agents for further in vivo studies.

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