scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENTS OF THE RADIAL NERVE ARE INTENSITY-DEPENDENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Oliva Carbone ◽  
Walter Krause Neto ◽  
Eliane Florencio Gama ◽  
Wellington de Assis Silva ◽  
Thatiana Lacerda Nobre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Training ◽  
One Way Anova

ABSTRACT Introduction: Peripheral nerve adaptation is critical for strength gains. However, information about intensity effects on nerve morphology is scarce. Objective: To compare the effects of different intensities of resistance training on radial nerve structures. Methods: Rats were divided into three groups: control (GC), training with 50% (GF1) and training 75% (GF2) of the animal’s body weight. The morphological analysis of the nerve was done by light and transmission electron microscopy. One-way ANOVA and the Tukey’s post hoc test were applied and the significance level was set at p≤0.05. Results: Training groups had an increase of strength compared to GC (p≤0.05). All measured nerve components (mean area and diameter of myelin fibers and axons, mean area and thickness of the myelin sheath, and of neurofilaments and microtubules) were higher in GF2 compared to the other (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Results demonstrated greater morphological changes on radial nerve after heavier loads. This can be important for rehabilitation therapies, training, and progression.

scholarly journals Selected Goal – Scoring Characteristics in the National Hockey League

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-237
Author(s):  
Silvio Parničan ◽  
Pavol Peráček ◽  
Igor Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Ice Hockey ◽  
National Hockey League ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Game Situation ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Number Of Passes ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Location Zone

Summary The variables impacting the efficiency of the offensive phase of the game in ice hockey may be determining factor for both the training process and game strategies. The research aimed to acquire and expand the knowledge about selected goal-scoring characteristics in the National Hockey League. A total of 511 even-strength goals were recorded in 129 randomly selected games in a regular-season 2020/2021 by indirect observation. Goals were differentiated by selected variable dimensions: location of the offensive team’s puck possession gain before scoring a goal, game situation preceding a goal, and the number of passes of the offensive team preceding a goal. Data were analyzed by performing a one–way ANOVA. Post hoc multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey HSD test. The significance level of p ≤ 0.05 was used. Significant differences were found within all variable dimensions (p= 0.00001). In terms of the puck possession gain location, zone 1 (along the boards in the offensive zone) was the zone with the significantly highest mean score (p= 0.00305). Offensive zone play was significantly the game situation preceding most of the goals (p= 0.00000). The interval of the passes that preceded most of the recorded goals was the interval of 1 – 2 passes (p= 0.00000). Acquired results point out the dominance of particular variables and may help coaches to determine the content of the training process and game strategies. Based on the assumption of the realization of similar research in different environments in terms of the quality and age category, if the analogy would be found between the results of the present study and the results of potential studies, we can state the trends applicable to youth training.

scholarly journals O efeito da idade relativa influencia o tempo de participação competitiva de atletas de handebol do sexo masculino com até 13 anos de idade (Relative age effect affects the time of competitive participation in male handball athletes aged up to 13 years)

Retos ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 195-198
Author(s):  
Lucas Leonardo ◽  
Cristian Javier Ramirez Lizana ◽  
Tathyane Krahenbühl ◽  
Alcides José Scaglia
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Opportunities For Learning ◽  
Post Hoc

Resumo: A competição é um ambiente de aprendizagem cuja participação é um elemento de formação esportiva. Este estudo visa analisar as influências do efeito da idade relativa, em inglês, relative age effect (RAE), sobre as decisões dos treinadores no tocante à oportunidade de participação de atletas do sexo masculino de até 13 anos numa competição de handebol. Foram coletados 254 tempos de participação de 100 atletas em 22 partidas. Agrupou-se os dados em gA para atletas com idade acima do 3º quartil; gB para atletas entre o 3º quartil a mediana; gC para atletas com idades entre a mediana e o 1º quartil e gD para atletas com idades abaixo do 1º quartil. Utilizou-se teste de Lilliefors para verificar a normalidade dos dados e teste de Kruskal-Wallis com post-hoc de Tuckey para verificar diferenças nos tempos de participação. Adotou-se o nível de significância de p < .05. O comportamento das medianas indica que em gA metade dos atletas participaram da partida toda, resultado gradualmente menor para os outros grupos. Além disso o tempo de participação de gA foi estatisticamente superior aos demais grupos e gC foi superior a gD. Os resultados indicam que o RAE influencia as decisões dos treinadores em favor da maior oportunidade de prática competitiva aos atletas com idade relativa superior dentro da categoria e, portanto, reforça a ideia de que atletas com desenvolvimento adiantado possuem maiores oportunidades de aprendizagem no ambiente competitivo.Abstract: Competition is a learning environment, the participation in which is an element of sports training. This study aims to analyze the influences of relative age effect (RAE) on coaches’ decisions about the opportunity of participation of u-13 male athletes in handball competitions. A total of 254 participation lapses were collected from 100 athletes during 22 matches. Data was grouped as: gA athletes aged above the 3th quartile; gB athletes aged between the 3th quartile and median, gC athletes aged between the median and 1st quartile, gD athletes with ages below the 1st quartile. A Kruskal-Wallis test with Tuckey post-hoc was used to determine differences in participation time. The significance level adopted was p < .05. The gA median indicate that 50% of the athletes participated in whole match; that result was gradually lower in the other groups. Also, gA participation time was statistically higher than other groups, and gC participation time was higher than gD. These results indicate that RAE influences coaches’ decisions, as they give more opportunities of competitive practice to athletes with higher relative age. Therefore, our outcomes reinforce the idea that athletes with early development have greater opportunities for learning in a competitive environment.Resumen: La competición es un ambiente de aprendizaje cuya participación es un elemento de formación deportiva. El presente estudio pretende analizar la influencia del efecto de la edad relativa, en inglés relative age effect (RAE), sobre las decisiones de los entrenadores referentes a la oportunidad de participación en partidos de balonmano, de atletas masculinos sub 13. Se recolectaron 254 tiempos de participación de 100 atletas en 22 partidos. Se agruparon los datos en gA los atletas de edades mayores al 3° cuartil; gB para atletas con edades entre el 3°cuartil y la mediana, gC para atletas con edades entre la mediana y el 1º cuartil y gD para atletas con edades por debajo del 1° cuartil. Se utilizó prueba de Lilliefors para comprobar la normalidad de los datos y la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis com post-hoc de Tuckey para verificar las diferencias en el tiempo de participación. La adoptó un nivel de significancia de p < 0,05. El comportamiento de las medianas indica que en gA la mitad de los atletas participaron en todo el partido, resultado que se presentó gradualmente inferior en los demás grupos. Además, el tiempo de participación de gA fue estadísticamente superior a los otros tres grupos y gC fue superior a gD. Los resultados indican que el RAE influye en las decisiones de los entrenadores a favor de una mayor oportunidad de práctica competitiva a los atletas con edad relativa superior dentro de la categoría y, por lo tanto, refuerza la idea de que los atletas con mayor desarrollo tienen mayores oportunidades para el aprendizaje en el entorno competitivo.

scholarly journals Shear Bond Strengths and Morphological Evaluation of Filled and Unfilled Adhesive Interfaces to Enamel and Dentine

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vajihesadat Mortazavi ◽  
Mohammadhosein Fathi ◽  
Ebrahim Ataei ◽  
Niloufar Khodaeian ◽  
Navid Askari
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

In this laboratory study shear bond strengths of three filled and one unfilled adhesive systems to enamel and dentine were compared. Forty-eight extracted intact noncarious human mandibular molars were randomly assigned to two groups of 24 one for bonding to enamel and the other for bonding to dentine. Buccal and lingual surfaces of each tooth were randomly assigned for application of each one of filled (Prime & Bond NT (PBNT), Optibond Solo Plus (OBSP), and Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB)) and unfilled (Single Bond (SB)) adhesive systems (n=12). A universal resin composite was placed into the translucent plastic cylinders (3 mm in diameter and 2 mm in length) and seated against the enamel and dentine surfaces and polymerized for 40 seconds. Shear bond strength was determined using a universal testing machine, and the results were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA,t-test, and Tukey HSD post hoc test with a 5% level of significance.There were no statistically significant differences in bond strength between the adhesive systems in enamel, but CSEB and SB exhibited significantly higher and lower bond strength to dentine, respectively, than the other tested adhesive systems while there were no statistically significant differences between PBNT and OBSP.

scholarly journals A influência da habilidade técnica na tomada de decisão de jogadores iniciantes de voleibol

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Calábria Lopes ◽  
Raiane Teixeira Magalhães ◽  
Laura Beatriz Faleiro Diniz ◽  
João Paulo Abreu Moreira ◽  
Maicon Rodrigues Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
The Other ◽  
Technical Level ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Intermediate Group ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Game Performance ◽  
One Way Anova

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n3p362 The aim of this study was to verify the influence of the technical skills level on the decision making of novice volleyball players on service, reception and set actions. The sample was composed of 80 novice athletes of school volleyball teams of both sexes. Based on the results from the Volleyball Skills Test Battery, the sample was divided into three groups: low, intermediate and high technical level, by means of One-Way ANOVA. The intermediate group was excluded from further analyses. Decision making was assessed with the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI). For data analysis purposes, the independent student-t test was used, adopting significance level of p≤0.05. The results showed that players with low skill level in service and set actions also had lower performance on the decision-making test when compared to players with high technical level. On the other hand, in the reception action, no differences were found among groups. It was therefore concluded that the technical level seems to influence the decision making in service and set actions in novice volleyball players.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Perception and Care in the Sanitation of Toothbrushes

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Beatriz Cavalcante Pereira ◽  
Gabriela Evangelista de Vasconcelos ◽  
Diala Aretha de Sousa Feitosa
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Storage ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
The Ideal

As escovas dentais são contaminadas diariamente por bactérias presentes na cavidade oral ou no meio externo, por isso são consideradas depósitos de microorganismos, capazes de causar e transmitir doenças. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o conhecimento e práticas quanto à higienização e armazenamento das escovas dentais, a fim de comparar ações executadas por grupos diferentes, e identificar falta de informações adequadas frente ao assunto. Os dados foram coletados através de questionários, em que foram avaliados três grupos experimentais: 1- Pacientes (n=50) atendidos no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), 2- Acadêmicos de Odontologia (n=50) do Centro Universitário Doutor Leāo Sampaio e 3- Cirurgiões-dentistas (n=50) de Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará. Foi realizada análise descritiva de distribuição de frequência, Anova 1 critério e teste post hoc de Bonferroni foram os testes utilizados, adotando-se um nível de significância de 5%. Na presente pesquisa, constatou-se que o grupo dos Cirurgiões-dentistas tem maior conhecimento e praticam melhores ações quanto às práticas de higienização das escovas dentais, superior ao grupo dos Acadêmicos e esses dos Pacientes. Porém, em relação ao armazenamento, os grupos demostraram não ter conhecimento acerca do local mais adequado e da maneira ideal para armazenar suas escovas. Conclui-se que, o grupo dos Cirurgiões-dentistas realiza a maior parte das manobras aconselháveis sobre os cuidados frente a higienização das escovas dentais relacionado aos outros grupos em questão, apesar de não ter conhecimento acerca de novas tecnologias para desinfecção das escovas.Palavras-chave: Contaminação. Escovação Dentária. Saúde Bucal.Abstract Toothbrushes are daily contaminated by bacteria in the oral cavity or outside, therefore they are considered containers for microorganisms, capable of causing and transmitting diseases. The current work aimed to evaluate the knowledge and practices regarding hygiene and storage of toothbrushes, in order to compare actions executed by different groups, and identify the lack of adequate information when facing the subject. Data were collected through a questionnaire, in which three experimental groups were evaluated: 1- patients (n=50) treated at Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), 2- Dental students (n=50) from Centro Universitário Doutor Leão Sampaio and 3- Dental clinicians (n=50) from Juazeiro do Norte. A descriptive analysis of frequency distribution was performed, and One Way Anova and Bonfrerroni Post Hoc tests were performed, at a significance level of 5%. In the current research, it was found that the group of Dentists has a greater knowledge and practice better actions regarding the toothbrushes sanitation , higher than that of the group of Students, which was better that that of the group of Patients. However, regarding storage, the groups demonstrated to have not enough information regarding the adequate place and the ideal manner of storing their toothbrushes. It was concluded that, the group of Dentists performs the most part of recommended maneuvers regarding the care for toothbrushes hygiene compared to the other evaluated groups.Keywords: Contamination. Toothbrushing. Oral Health.

scholarly journals Effect of Fiber Laser Irradiation on the Shear Bond Strength between Acrylic Resin and Titanium

Scanning ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fatih Mehmet Korkmaz ◽  
Selin Aycan
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Strength Data ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

Objectives. The aim of this study is to investigate the shear bond strength of an acrylic resin to titanium after different surface treatment methods. Material and Methods. A total of seventy-two disc-shaped specimens (10 mm×10 mm×2 mm) were prepared from titanium alloy. The specimens were randomly allocated to six equal groups: Group S (sandblasting), Group MP (metal primer), Group 10W (fiber laser 10 W), Group 20W (fiber laser 20 W), Group 10WMP (fiber laser 10 W+metal primer), and Group 20WMP (fiber laser 20 W+metal primer). All of the specimens were thermocycled up to 5000 cycles. After thermal cycling, a shear bond strength test was conducted. The shear bond strength data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc pairwise comparisons (p<0.05). Results. While the highest values were determined in Group MP, the lowest values were observed in Group S. Additionally, Group MP exhibited significantly higher shear bond strength values than any of the other groups (p<0.05) except Group 10WMP. Similar results were observed between Group MP and Group 10WMP (p>0.05). The groups in which a metal primer was applied (Group MP, 10WMP, and 20WMP) showed significantly higher values than Group S. The shear bond strength values of Group 10W and Group 20W were similar. Conclusions. The application of a metal primer significantly improved the bond strength of acrylic resin to titanium. Fiber laser application may be an alternative method to sandblasting for improving the bond strength of acrylic resin to titanium.

scholarly journals Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Levels of Empathy among Undergraduate Dental Students in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S110-S115
Author(s):  
Sundas Ghaus ◽  
Madiha Abdul Waheed ◽  
Shahreen Zahid Khan ◽  
Laila Mustafa ◽  
Sohaib Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Impact ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract Objective The purpose of our study is to determine the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the levels of empathy toward patients among undergraduate dental students in Pakistan. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional, survey-based study was conducted at Islamic International Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan. After taking an informed consent, a validated and pretested Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) was distributed amongst the undergraduate dental students at two points, one before the COVID-19 existed, and the other after August 7th, 2020, when the COVID-19 cases dropped in Pakistan. Responses were indicated on a five point Likert Scale. Statistical Analysis A one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) was used to compare the TEQ scores between the different years of education at the dental school. Difference within the groups was analyzed using the post-hoc Tukey test. Pre- and post-COVID-19 comparison was done using the Chi-square test (significance level p < 0.05). Results A total of 221 out of 260 students in the pre-COVID-19 group, while 210 out of 260 students in the post-COVID-19 group enrolled in the dentistry program participated in the study. Significant difference in the empathy levels was observed in the pre- and post-COVID-19 groups of the same population, i.e., (p < 0.05). The response rate was 85%. Conclusions This study showed an increase in mean empathy scores among the undergraduate dental students after COVID-19, indicating a significant improvement in their empathy levels during the time of COVID-19. It highlights the impact of the pandemic, whereby death and chaos seem to have brought about an improvement in interpersonal harmony.

scholarly journals The Effect of Problem Based Learning and Teams Games Tournaments Model to Improve Competencies

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Eko Swi Damarwan ◽  
Haryanto Haryanto ◽  
La Tara
Keyword(s):  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Instrument Validity ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Learning Teams ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Instrument Reliability ◽  
One Way Anova

This paper explores the potential of problem based learning and teams games tournaments model to improve students’ competencies. The objective of the study was to know the differences in the achievement of basic electrical and electronic competencies of students in terms of cognitive and psychomotor aspects using problem based learning model, teams games tournaments, and conventional learning. This was a quasi-experimental study. Instrument validity was measured through expert judgments and instrument reliability with Spearman Brown. Data collection used a pretest, a posttest, and skill observations. Data analysis techniques used one way ANOVA and a Tukey's post hoc test with a significance level of 0.05. The results revealed (1) differences in the achievement of basic electrical and electronic competencies of students in terms of cognitive and psychomotor aspects between using problem based learning, Teams Games Tournaments, and conventional learning, and (2) the results of the Tukey test showed the sequence of achievement of cognitive and psychomotor aspects of the best as follow: the model of teams games tournaments, problem based learning, and conventional learning.

scholarly journals Application of plant extracts for pest management in tea: a study on tea leaf’s thrips, Scirtothrips bispinosus

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
MAK Azad ◽  
I Ahmad ◽  
A Mainuddin
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Over Time

Medicinal plant extract contains bioactive molecules and these molecules are benefited to mitigate, eradicate or cure diseases. In advent to search for new medicinally important plant, the current paper deals to select the most effective and promising plants which are suitable for controlling tea leaf’s thrips (Scirtothrips bispinosus) based on extracts concentration and death affect over time. To fulfill the specific objectives, five medicinal plants extracts viz. Ipomoea crassicaulis, Lantana camara, Ipomoea hederaceaa, Glycosmis arborea, and Justicia gendarussa had been used with four different concentrations. From statistical analysis using One-way ANOVA and post hoc test, it was found that Ipomoea crassicaulis and Lantana camara are the most promising of all the experimented plants extracts based on both time and concentration. In the study, average mortality was found 0.47, 1.67, 1.93 and 2.53 for concentration of 1%, 5%, 10% and 15% respectively. Analysis based on different concentrations reveals that average mortality of thrips increases significantly with the increase of concentrations. Coefficient of variance was found minimum for Ipomoea crassicaulis and Lantana camara plants with range of 5.44 to 6.71 based on time and concentration. So, it could be concluded that these two plants are the most effective plants for controlling the tea thrips. For the other plants, ranks were found as Ipomoea hederaceaa, Glycosmis arborea and Justicia gendarussa respectively as well. J. bio-sci. 28: 87-93, 2020

scholarly journals Comparison of Screw-In Forces during Movement of Endodontic Files with Different Geometries, Alloys, and Kinetics

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Won Kwak ◽  
Chan-Joo Lee ◽  
Sung Kyo Kim ◽  
Hyeon-Cheol Kim ◽  
Jung-Hong Ha
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

This study compared the maximum screw-in forces of various instruments during their movements. Forty simulated canals in resin blocks were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10): ProTaper Universal F2, ProTaper Gold F2, WaveOne Primary, and WaveOne Gold Primary. To standardize a lumen size, all artificial canals were prepared with ProTaper Universal F1. The rotation speed was set at 350 rpm with an automated 4 mm pecking motion at a speed of 1 mm/s. The pecking depth was increased by 1 mm for each pecking motion until the file reached the working length. During instrumentation, screw-in forces were automatically recorded by customized software. Maximum screw-in forces were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc comparison with the significance level at 0.05. WaveOne Gold files generated the lowest maximum screw-in forces, followed by ProTaper Gold, WaveOne, and ProTaper Universal (p < 0.05). Under the condition of this study, heat-treated nickel–titanium (NiTi) files with smaller cross-sectional area, fewer contact points, and reciprocating movements resulted in a lower screw-in effect.

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