scholarly journals Detection of microorganisms with antibacterial activities from different industrial wastes and GC-MS analysis of crude microbial extract

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Bano ◽  
S. Naz ◽  
B. Uzair ◽  
M. Hussain ◽  
M. M. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Accession Number ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Feed Industry ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Abstract Many soil microorganisms’ i.e., bacteria and fungi produce secondary metabolites called antibiotics. These are used for the treatment of some of the bacterial, fungal and protozoal diseases of humans. There is a need for isolation of a broad spectrum of antibiotics from microorganisms due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. In the present study two antibiotic producing bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus cereus were isolated from pharmaceutical and poultry feed industry of Hattar, Haripur Pakistan. Total 10 waste samples were collected from different industries (Marble, Ghee, Soap, Mineral, Steel, Poultry Feed, Pharmaceutical, Qarshi, Cosmetic and Glass). Thirty-three bacterial strains were isolated from industrial wastes of these ten different industries. Fourteen out of thirty-three bacterial strains exhibited antimicrobial activities against at least one of the test microbes considered in this study including Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. The bacteria were isolated by standard serial dilution spread plate technique. Morphological characterization of the isolates was done by Gram staining. Nine bacterial isolates out of fourteen were initially identified as B. cereus and five as K. pneumoniae through biochemical characterization. The antibacterial activities were tested by well diffusion method. Maximum number of antibiotic producing bacteria were isolated from pharmaceutical and poultry feed industry based on the results of primary screening, the most potential isolates S9, S19, S20, S22 and S23 were selected for secondary screening. The maximum activity against E. coli and S. aureus was recorded by bacterial isolate S19 i.e zones of inhibition of 6.5mm and 9mm while S20 showed 7.5mm and 6mm zones respectively. Molecular identification was carried out on the basis of 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Finally, the isolates were identified as B. cereus accession number LC538271and K. pneumoniae accession number MT078679. Analysis of bacterial extract S20 through GC-MS indicated the presence of 8 compounds of diverse nature and structure. Present study suggests that wastes of pharmaceutical and poultry feed industry may have antibiotic producing bacteria. These bacteria could be utilized for the production of antibiotics. B. cereus and K. pneumoniae isolated from wastes of poultry feed and pharmaceutical industries have the potential to produce antibiotics and could be used to control the microbial growth.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Potential of Aloe weloensis (Aloeacea) Leaf Latex against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yohannes Kelifa Emiru ◽  
Ebrahim Abdela Siraj ◽  
Tekleab Teka Teklehaimanot ◽  
Gedefaw Getnet Amare
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Objective. To evaluate the antibacterial effects of the leaf latex of Aloe weloensis against infectious bacterial strains. Methods. The leaf latex of A. weloensis at different concentrations (400, 500, and 600 mg/ml) was evaluated for antibacterial activities using the disc diffusion method against some Gram-negative species such as Escherichia coli (ATCC 14700) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 35619) and Gram-positive such as Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 50080) and Enterococcus fecalis (ATCC 4623). Results. The tested concentrations of the latex ranging between 400 and 600 mg·mL−1 showed significant antibacterial activity against bacterial strain. The highest dose (600 mg/ml) of A. weloensis leaf latex revealed the maximum activity (25.93 ± 0.066 inhibition zone) followed by the dose 500 mg/ml against S. aureus. The lowest antibacterial activity was observed by the concentration 400 mg/ml (5.03 ± 0.03) against E. coli. Conclusion. The results of the present investigation suggest that the leaf latex of A. weloensis can be used as potential leads to discover new drugs to control some bacterial infections.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOAP MADE FROM ESSENTIAL OILS AND COMMERCIAL SOAP SOLD IN THE LEBANESE MARKET

2021 ◽  
pp. e304
Author(s):  
Candy GERGES ◽  
Mohamad HADLA ◽  
Michele ELIALI ◽  
Martine RICHA ◽  
Nour Mammari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Commercial Soap ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

Background: Thousands of people are dying as a result of infections caused by bacteria. Among the main routes of germ transmission are the hands, making hand hygiene very important in preventing the spread of pathogens and bacterial infection. Hand washing with soap and water is considered to be a simple and effective measure. Old soap manufacturers have long had traditional uses in the Lebanese community. Methods: The purpose of this study is to compare the antibacterial activity of oil-based soaps with commercial soap sold in the Lebanese market. Different types of herbal soap and antiseptics have been used in this study. Four bacterial strains were used: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter Spp. The antibacterial activities of these soaps were determined by the diffusion method of disks in agar medium. Results and Discussion: Statistical analysis of zones of inhibition showed that S. epidermidis, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacter Spp. were sensitive only to traditional oil-based soaps, which are Sage, Rose Mary and Cedar. In addition, S. aureus showed sensitivity to soaps comprised of essential oils as well as antibacterial synthetic soap, Dettol and Lifebuoy. On the other hand, E. coli showed resistance to all soaps. Soaps comprised of natural essential oils have shown antibacterial activity superior to so-called “Antibacterial” soaps. Conclusion: Based on this study, we can say that the use of soaps with essential oils might be the best option due to their organic origin as well as their antibacterial proved activities.

scholarly journals Biochemical characterization and 16s rRNA sequencing of different bacteria from textile dye effluents

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Jayaseelan ◽  
R Damodaran ◽  
S Ganesan ◽  
P Mani
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
16S Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Textile Mill ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Rrna Sequencing

Environmental pollution has been identified as a major problem in the modern world. Dyeing effluents have become a vital source of water pollution. Release of coloured textile effluents is undesirable in the aquatic environment as they reduce light penetration, thereby affecting aquatic life and limits utilization of the water media. In Tirupur, the textile factories discharge millions of litres of untreated effluents into the drains that eventually empty into river, Noyyal. The release of coloured compound into water bodies is undesirable not only because of their impact on photosynthesis of aquatic plants but also due to the carcinogenic nature of these dyes and their breakdown products. The ability of bacterial strains isolated from the dye effluent of textile mill sites. Morphological and biochemical characterization was done to identify isolates and was found to be Pseudomonas spp, Bacillus spp and Serattia spp. The isolated strains were finally identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Bacteria are generally identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. The rRNA is the most conserved (least variable) gene in all cells. They were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Serattia liquefaciens. The sequences were deposited in GENBANK. The accession numbers were KU041528, KU041530 and KU041531 respectively. The identification was conformed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Keywords: Textile Dye Effluents, Bacteria, 16S rRNA, NCBI.

scholarly journals Extraction and Isolation of Compound from Roots of Kniphofia pumila, and Its Antibacterial Activities in Combination with Zinc Chloride

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 631-638
Author(s):  
Dele ABDISSA ◽  
Gezahegn FAYE ◽  
Melkamu FAYERA ◽  
Shiferaw DEMISSIE
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Isolated Compound

Kniphofia pumila has been traditionally used for the treatment of different diseases in Oromiya regional state, western part of Ethiopia. Thus, the main objective of this study was to extract bioactive natural products from the roots of K. pumila and perform in vitro antibacterial activity tests against selected pathogens. Extraction of compound from the roots of K. pumila was carried out by maceration method at room temperature and its antibacterial activity was done using agar disc diffusion method. The crude extracts alone and along with ZnCl2 were tested against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25722), Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae (DSM 19613), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25925) and Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC 13311). Following its promising activity, the acetone crude extract that have shown better antibacterial activity was subjected to column chromatography for isolation of pure compound. Hence, one pure compound (GZ-1) was obtained from acetone crude extract. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activities of the isolated compound alone and in combination with ZnCl2 were also performed against all aforementioned bacterial strains. Then, isolated compound was characterized by using NMR spectroscopic techniques such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and, 2D NMR, so as to establish its structure as 3’-acetyl-2’,6’-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone, trivial name knipholone. Finally, GZ-1 was isolated from the roots of K. pumila and it was noted that the antibacterial activities of ZnCl2 in combination with crude extract as well as with isolated compound against E. coli (ATCC 25722), S. aureus (ATCC 25925) and S. Typhimurium (ATCC 13311) bacterial strains showed remarkable results which were greater than the antibacterial activity of the positive standard drug (gentamycin). To sum up, from the chromatographic isolation of roots acetone extract of K. pumila one pure compound (knipholone) was obtained. Its antibacterial activity was also evaluated in combination with ZnCl2 salt and alone.

scholarly journals Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Lactobacillus bulgaricus and assessment of their antibacterial potential

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. A. Naseer ◽  
X. Xue ◽  
X. Wang ◽  
S. Dang ◽  
S. U. Din ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Visible Absorption

Abstract Many pathogenic strains have acquired multidrug-resistant patterns in recent a year, which poses a major public health concern. The growing need for effective antimicrobial agents as novel therapies against multidrug-resistant pathogens has drawn scientist attention toward nanotechnology. Silver nanoparticles are considered capable of killing multidrug-resistant isolates due to their oligo-dynamic effect on microorganisms. In this research study NPs were synthesized using the gram-positive bacteria Lactobacillus bulgaricus and its activity against selected pathogenic strains. Lactobacillus bulgaricus pure cultures were isolated from raw milk and grown in “De Man, Rogasa, and Sharp” broth for synthesis of nanoparticles. Lactobacillus bulgaricus culture was centrifuged and Cell- free supernatant of it was employed with aqueous silvery ions and evaluated their antibacterial activities against bacterial strains i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Salmonella typhi using agar well diffusion assay. Antibiotic profiling against selected pathogenic strains were also conducted using disc diffusion method. The synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles were monitored primarily by the conversion of the pale-yellow color of the mixture into a dark-brown color and via ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy respectively. The result showed that that AgNPs with size (30.65-100 nm) obtained from Lactobacillus bulgaricus were found to exhibit antibacterial activities against selected bacterial strains. Taken together, these findings suggest that Lactobacillus bulgaricus has great potential for the production of AgNPs with antibacterial activities and highly effective in comparison to tested antibiotics.

scholarly journals Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli and Its Serotypes Isolated From Poultry Feed in Relation to Seasons in Karachi, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shajeela Iram ◽  
Mehmood ul Hassan ◽  
Tabinda Khawaja
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Feed Samples

Background: The increasing prevalence of Escherichia coli as a foodborne pathogen in poultry poses a high risk to food safety. The resistant strains of E. coli may contribute resistant genes to human endogenous flora, causing fatal diseases. Moreover, these pathogens are serious threats to poultry farming. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the effects of seasonal variations on the bacterial load of E. coli and to evaluate its antibiogram profile. Methods: All feed samples were evaluated for the identification of E. coli and its serotypes, using conventional culture methods and biochemical characterization. Positive samples were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The bacterial load of E. coli was estimated by measuring the total viable count, and the antibiogram data were calculated using two methods, that is, disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) measurement. Results: Of 204 feed samples investigated, 38 isolates were positive for E. coli. All positive samples were also confirmed via universal and species-specific PCR assays, and 8/38 were documented as E. coli 0157:H7 strains. The bacterial load of E. coli was also determined by measuring the total viable count, and the results revealed the highest ratio (6.44×108 CFU/g) from June to August and the lowest ratio (2.06×108 CFU/g) from December to February. The multidrug resistance of E. coli O157:H7 was validated by antimicrobial susceptibility tests since all isolates showed high resistance to chloramphenicol, penicillin derivatives, fluoroquinolones, and oxytetracycline, respectively, and were only susceptible to aminoglycosides. Conclusions: Considering the high bacterial load of E. coli from June to August, the poultry industry needs to establish appropriate and effective hygienic and storage policies, especially during these alarming months. Moreover, surfacing and propagation of resistant strains of these pathogens may obscure future assessments for treatment purposes.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activities of 1H-Imidazo [5, 6-f] [1,10] Phenanthroline-2(3H)-Thione and Its Ni(II) and Cu(II) Complexes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Radiet Anbessie Tirkeso ◽  
Tilahun Wubalem Tsega ◽  
Gebru G/Tsadik Amdemichael
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Free Ligand ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Molar Conductivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Distorted Octahedral Geometry ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

As multidrug resistant pathogens are emerging, the search for novel potent drug candidates is ever going. Heterocycles are known by their broad spectrum of biological activities, so a search for a new drug from heterocycles can elevate the chance of success. The aim of this study was to obtain novel potent antimicrobial compounds. In line with this, 1H-imidazo [5, 6-f] [1,10] phenanthroline-2(3H)-thione and its complexes (Ni(II) and Cu(II)) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated against bacterial strains. The compounds were characterized by elemental analyses (C, H, N, and S), FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, AAS, UV-Vis spectra, and molar conductivity measurement. The results showed that the ligand is bidentate, and the molar conductivity measurement indicates that complexes are electrolytic. Electronic spectral study showed octahedral and distorted octahedral geometry for the Ni(II) and Cu(II) complex, respectively. The ligand and its complexes were screened against four bacterial strains using disk diffusion method. The result revealed that the Ni(II) complex showed more bioactivity than gentamicin against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, while the Cu(II) complex is more active than the Ni(II) complex against Bacillus subtilis. Both Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes exhibit higher antibacterial activities than the free ligand.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Origanum saccatum P.H. Davis Essential Oil Obtained by Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction: Comparison with Hydrodistillation

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazli Sozmen ◽  
Burcu Uysal ◽  
Birsen S Oksal ◽  
Elif Odabas Kose ◽  
I Gokhan Deniz
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxygenated Compounds

Abstract The components of the essential oils (EOs) obtained by solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) and hydrodistillation (HD) from endemic Origanum saccatum P.H. Davis were identified by using GC/MS. The main constituents of both EOs obtained by SFME and HD, respectively, from O. saccatum were p-cymene (72.5 and 70.6%), thymol (9.32 and 8.11%), and carvacrol (7.18 and 6.36%). The EO obtained by SFME contained substantially higher amounts of oxygenated compounds and lower amounts of monoterpenes than did the EO obtained by HD. The antibacterial activities of the EOs obtained by SFME and HD were evaluated with the disc diffusion method by comparison with 10 different bacterial strains. The antibacterial activity of the EO extracted by SFME was found to be more effective than that of the EO extracted by HD against seven of the tested bacteria.

scholarly journals Antibacterial properties of an Indian traditional medicinal plant, Rhynchosia scarabaeoides (L.) DC. (Fabaceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surekha Challa ◽  
Kiran K. Rajam ◽  
Vishnu V. V. Satyanarayana Kasapu ◽  
Suresh Kumar Tanneeru ◽  
Venkata Siva Satyanarayana Kantamreddi
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

<em>Rhynchosia scarabaeoides </em>(L.) DC plant parts are extensively used by traditional healers in India to treat a variety of bacterial diseases, such as dysentery, diarrohea and skin disorders. This article reports the antibacterial activities of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts belonging to the leaf, stem and root parts of <em>R. scarabaeoides</em> against five bacterial strains, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Klebseilla pneumonia</em>, <em>Proteus vulgaris</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, using an agar gel diffusion method. The range of inhibition zone (IZ) was found to be 15-24 mm and the minimum inhibitory activity (MIC) was found to be 1 mL/well. The IZ was found to be higher in ethyl acetate extracts while this was moderate in ethanol extracts, and no activity was seen with n-hexane extracts or root extracts. The MIC value of leaf ethyl acetate extract was found to be 1 mg against bacterial strains <em>P. vulgaris</em> and <em>S. aureus</em>, whereas 2 mg was found against <em>B. subtilis</em>, <em>K. pneumoniae</em> and <em>E. coli</em>. These results support the traditional usage of R. scarabaeoides plant parts in the treatment of bacterial infections. Interestingly, this plant was screened for antibacterial activity for the first time and was found to be active. Detailed chemical investigations are, therefore, warranted.

scholarly journals ct-DNA Binding and Antibacterial Activity of Octahedral Titanium (IV) Heteroleptic (Benzoylacetone and Hydroxamic Acids) Complexes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Raj Kaushal ◽  
Sheetal Thakur ◽  
Kiran Nehra
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Spectroscopic Technique ◽  
Calf Thymus Dna ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Intercalative Mode ◽  
Heteroleptic Complexes ◽  
Calf Thymus ◽  
Ct Dna

Five structurally related titanium (IV) heteroleptic complexes, [TiCl2(bzac)(L1–4)] and [TiCl3(bzac)(HL5)]; bzac = benzoylacetonate; L1–5 = benzohydroximate (L1), salicylhydroximate (L2), acetohydroximate (L3), hydroxyurea (L4), and N-benzoyl-N-phenyl hydroxylamine (L5), were used for the assessment of their antibacterial activities against ten pathogenic bacterial strains. The titanium (IV) complexes (1–5) demonstrated significant level of antibacterial properties as measured using agar well diffusion method. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopic technique was applied, to get a better insight into the nature of binding between titanium (IV) complexes with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA). On the basis of the results of UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, the interaction between ct-DNA and the titanium (IV) complexes is likely to occur through the same mode. Results indicated that titanium (IV) complex can bind to calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) via an intercalative mode. The intrinsic binding constant (Kb) was calculated by absorption spectra by using Benesi-Hildebrand equation. Further, Gibbs free energy was also calculated for all the complexes.

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