scholarly journals Inactivation of isolated fungi on Erythrina velutina Willd. seeds through atmospheric plasma

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. P. Diógenes ◽  
S. R. C. Nascimento ◽  
C. Alves Junior ◽  
E. P. Paiva ◽  
S. B. Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Helium Gas ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Rhizopus Sp

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of atmospheric plasma application on the inactivation of fungi on the surface of Erythrina velutina seeds and on isolated fungal colonies. Two experiments were conducted using a completely randomized design. First, plasma was applied to the surface of the seeds using helium gas and atmospheric plasma for 3, 6, and 9 min in addition to the control (untreated seeds), constituting seven treatments with five repetitions each. In the second experiment, Petri dishes containing the inoculum of different fungi were treated with atmospheric air plasma for 3, 6, and 9 min (Air-3, Air-6, and Air-9) and were compared with untreated fungi in Petri dishes without treatment (control), totaling four treatments and five repetitions each. We found that the application of atmospheric air plasma to E. velutina seeds for 9 min had an antimicrobial effect on the fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium sp., Brachysporium sp., and Rhizopus sp. The formation of fungal colonies isolated from E. velutina seeds was also inhibited by 3 min of exposure to atmospheric air plasma, except for A. niger, whose inhibition occurred after 6 min of exposure to atmospheric plasma.

scholarly journals Screening of Cultivable Indigenous Fungi which Responsible for Decomposing of Rice Straw

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Soni Isnaini ◽  
Ainin Niswati ◽  
. Maryati
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

<p>The experiment was conducted to screen potentials indigenous fungi for rapid decomposing of rice straw.&nbsp; Seven isolates of dominant fungi were isolated from the burying rice straw on the 2.5 cm soil depth after 30 days incubation on the paddy fields. Five dominant isolates were tested for their potential to decompose rice straw by assessing their value of decreasing C/N ratio and dry weight of rice straw.&nbsp; Fungal inoculums treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four replications.&nbsp; The results showed that the dominant cultivable fungi that isolated from decomposed rice straw were Trichoderma sp., Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Aspergillus sp., and Penicillium sp.&nbsp; Among the tested fungi, Trichoderma sp. had the biggest ability to decompose rice straw compared to others indigenous fungi. The C/N ratio was reduced to 39.47 from an initial value of 73.33 of control treatment in 10 days of biodegradation process in laboratory scale, thus showing the potential of indigenous Trichoderma sp. for use in large-scale composting of rice straw.</p><p>Keywords: Cultivable, decomposer, indigenous fungi, rice straw</p><p>[<strong>How to Cite</strong>: Isnaini S, A Niswati and Maryati. 2012. Screening of Cultivatable Indigenous Fungi which Responsible for Decomposing of Rice Straw. J Trop Soils 17 (1): 61-66. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.1.61]</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>[<strong>Permalink/DOI:</strong> <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.1.61" target="_blank">www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.1.61</a>]</p>

scholarly journals Fusarium Heart Rot: First Report on Pineapple in South Cotabato and Davao City, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-196
Author(s):  
Belly Dionio ◽  
Carlo Jun Bacoba ◽  
Cecirly Puig ◽  
Fernan Rhean Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cut Surface ◽  
Pineapple Leaves

Pineapple is among the major export commodities in the Philippines. A species of Fusarium was found for the first time to be consistently associated with diseased leaves collected from MD2 ‘Super Sweet’ pineapple plantations in South Cotabato and Davao City. Test of proof of pathogenicity of the fungus following Koch’s postulates and bioassay test of FosetylAl products against the fungus were conducted. For the bioassay, the treatments used were the following: 1) untreated; 2) Fosetyl-Al, Brand X at 2.25 and 5g/L water; 3) Fosetyl-Al, Brand Y at 2.25 and 5g/L water; and 4) Fosetyl-Al, Brand Z at 2.25 and 5g/L water. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design with three replications at three plates per replicate. The data was analyzed using Analysis of Variance and treatment means were compared using Tukey’s Honest Significant Difference. Symptoms of the disease included lesions, which later turned into brown, necrotic tissues at the base of infected pineapple leaves, while advanced symptoms showed infected tissues with dark brown to black margins, later dried up and became soft-rotted. The fungus produced cottony white aerial mycelia on the cut surface of the tissues planted on Potato Sugar Agar (PSA) medium. Mycelia were hyaline and septated. Macro-conidia were single-celled, slightly curved, and sickle-shaped with three or more septates. Pure cultures turned light purple after eight days of incubation in full strength PSA. Chlamydospores formed after two months of incubation. Based on cultural and morphological characteristics, the fungus was identified as Fusarium sp. Bioassay results showed that Fosetyl-Al Brand X and Z at 5.0 g/L water significantly inhibited the growth of Fusarium sp. infecting pineapple leaves from 97.9 to 100%, respectively, after 9 days of incubation.

Test Of The Effectiveness Of Antagonic Fungi In The Control Of Colletotrichum Mushrooms In Tomato Plants (Lycopersicum esculentum L.). In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Sopialena
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Endophyte Fungi

This study was conducted to test the effectiveness of several antagonistic fungi (Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., Gliocladium sp., And Rhizopus sp) in controlling the pathogenic Colletotrichumsp. fungi from tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum L.). in vitro. The research was carried out for 2 (two) months at the Laboratory of Pest and Plant Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University. This research was compiled using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 (four) treatments, namely Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., Gliocladium sp., And Rhizopus sp. Each treatment was repeated 10 times. Data analysis using Analysis of variance and if the results are obtained significantly different then further tested using the Least Significant Difference. The results showed that the most effective antagonistic fungus suppressed the growth of the pathogen Colletotrichum sp. is Gliocladium sp. and Trichoderma sp., meanwhile the antagonist fungus Rhizopus sp., which is less effective in suppressing the growth of the fungus Colletotrichum sp., and the fungus Penicillium sp., are the most ineffective fungi in suppressing the growth of the pathogenic Colletotrichum sp. Key words: Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., Gliocladium sp., And Rhizopus sp., Colletotrichum sp., Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) Keywords :Pyricularia oryza Cav., Endophyte fungi, Antagonistic mechanim

scholarly journals 24. Antimicrobial Activity of Ant Plant (Myrmecodia sp.) Water Fraction to Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. Growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roslizawaty Roslizawaty ◽  
Robbi Ghani ◽  
Maryulia Dewi ◽  
Darniati Darniati ◽  
T. Armanyah TR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial activity of sarang semut (Myrmecodia sp.) to Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. growth using Kirby Bauer methode. This study used Completely Randomized Design one way pattern. Sample used was water fraction of sarang semut with concentration of 25% (P2), 50% (P3), and 75% (P4). Positive control was amoxycillin and negative control was Aquadest. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Varians (ANOVA). Average clear zone formed on Escherichia coli of P0, P1, P2, P3, and P4 were 0; 18,76; 5,96; 6,4; and 7,8 mm, respectively. Average clear zone formed on Salmonella sp. of P0, P1, P2, P3, and P4 were 0; 33,63; 7,73; 10,5; and 11,56 mm, respectively. ANOVA analysis showed there was correlation between extract concentration and inhibition zone on each culture of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. T test on P2, P3, and P4 showed that this extract had better antimicrobial effect on Salmonella sp. compared to Escherichia coli. In conclusion, water fraction of Myrmecodia sp. had capability to inhibit Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. growth.

scholarly journals Efficacy of ozone in the microbiological disinfection of maize grains

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Guimarães de Brito Júnior ◽  
Lêda Rita D’Antonino Faroni ◽  
Paulo Roberto Cecon ◽  
Wellingta Cristina Almeida do Nascimento Benevenuto ◽  
Augusto Aloísio Benevenuto Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ozone Concentration ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Saturation Time ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Storage Fungi ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Plot Design

Abstract This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of ozone in the microbiological disinfection of maize grains. Two kg samples of maize grains were used with moisture contents of 14.4% (w.b.), and 94% and 97% of natural infection by Penicillium spp and Aspergillus spp, respectively. The gas was applied at a concentration of 2.14 mg L-1 and flow rate of 5.8 L min-1 for 370 min at 25 ºC ± 2 ºC in order to determine the ozone concentration and saturation time of the maize grains. The experiment was installed according to a split plot design, with two treatments in the plots (atmospheric air and ozone gas) and exposure times of (0, 10, 20, 30 and 50 h) in the subplots, in a completely randomized design. It was shown that the ozone concentration and saturation time in the grain mass were 0.9874 mg L-1 and 138.56 min, respectively. Ozonation was effective in controlling storage fungi in the grain mass with 50 h of exposure to the gas, reducing the rate of incidence of Aspergillus spp (78.5%) and Penicillium spp (98.0%), thereby confirming its fungicidal effect under the conditions presented.

scholarly journals Imprint and spreading techniques for the isolation and identification of subungueal fungi in claws of healthy cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Camilla Freitas Oliveira ◽  
Jamille Bispo de Carvalho ◽  
Luiza Montenegro Cintra Castro ◽  
Paula Elisa Brandão Guedes ◽  
Katharine Costa dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion Broth ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
The Third ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp

The aim of this study was to compare imprint and spreading techniques for the isolation and identification of colonies of pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungus in the claws of semidomiciliated cats. For that propose, 150 cats were evaluated, subdivided into three groups of 50 animals. In the first and second groups, the cats were submitted to the imprint technique in Petri dishes containing Selective Mycobiotic Agar: In the first group, the cats were subjected underwent antisepsis with 70% ethanol of the claws of the thoracic limbs and in the second group the animals were subjected underwent antisepsis with 70% ethanol of the claws of only one of the thoracic limbs. The third group was submitted to the spreading technique, whose material was collected by rubbing a sterile swab moistened with brain-heart infusion broth, in the claws of the forelimbs, where an aliquot of the material was transferred to Petri dishes containing Selective Mycobiotic Agar. The material was stored at 25°C for 30 days. The readings were performed on days 5, 7, 15, and 30 post incubation. Using the imprinttechnique performed under the conditions of this experiment, we were not able to isolate and identify the colonies because since day 5, they were overlapped. From the spreading technique, Mucor sp. (54,34%), Rhodotorula sp. (28,26%), Fusarium sp. (21,73%), Aspergillus sp. (21,73%), Trichoderma sp. (19,56%), Penicillium sp. (19,56%), Cladosporium sp. (10,86%), Rhizopus sp. (8,68%), Acremonium sp. (6,5%), Exophialia sp. (6,5%), Paecilomyces sp. (4,34%), Trichosporon sp. (4,34%), and Geotrichum sp. (2,17%) were isolated. It was concluded that the spreading technique proved to be useful in isolating fungal colonies from feline claws, and the animals do not present symptoms, which signals the importance of them as possible sources of exposure for tutors. The cats were negative for Sporothrix sp. by the imprint and spreading techniques.

scholarly journals FORMULA BERBAHAN AKTIF PSEUDOMONAD FLUORESEN DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT LAYU PADA CABAI

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Yenny Wuryandari ◽  
Sri Wiyatiningsih ◽  
Maroeto .
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Disease Index ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonads ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Formula with active ingridient of fluorescent pseudomonads and its influence on wilt disease development of pepper. The purpose of this study was to synergize organic fertilizer with biopesticides of fluorescent pseudomonads 122 to be the best formula to increase the resistance of pepper plants to wilt disease. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of four treatments. The treatments were forms of active ingredient formula of fluorescent pseudomonads (powder, pellet, granule, and liquid). The effectiveness of the formula in suppressing development of the disease was measured by observing the incubation period, index of the disease and discoloration of vascular tissue of pepper. The results showed that the disease incubation period of plant treated with liquid and powder formula was longer than formula with granule and pellet. Plants treated with powder formula showed the lowest disease index compared to control, liquid, pellet and granule formula. Disease index and discoloration in vascular tissue was also of the lowest value when the plants were treated with powder formula. This result indicate that active ingredient of fluorescent pseudomonads formulated in powder was the most effective to inhibit the development of wilt disease on pepper caused by Fusarium sp. and Ralstonia solanacearum.

Herba Reudeuep With Modification of Heating In Virgin Cocanut Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyuzan Wahyuzan ◽  
Lukmanul Hakim ◽  
Rahmat Afrizal ◽  
Asmeri Lamona ◽  
Khairuni Khairuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
The Public ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Traditional medicine in Indonesia has been known by the public before formal health services using modern medicine. Indonesia has many type of herbal plants which have medicinal properties including dadap (Erythrina orientalis). This study aims to utilized dadap herbal liniment by modifying heating in Vigin Cocanut Oil. The study conducted in the laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing using a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor is the addition of 250 ml (M1), 375 ml (m2), and 400 ml (M3) Virgin Cocanut Oil treatment. The second factor is the heating tim of 5 minutes (L1), 10 minutes (L2), and 15 minutes (L3). Observation variable consisted of yield, Specific gravity, and organoleptic test of aroma and colored. The result showed an average yield of 87.70-91.88%. The highest yield was found in the treatment of adding 400 ml Virgin Cocanut Oil and 15 minutes of heating time. The highest type of weight was found in the treatment of addition of 325 ml Virgin Cocanut Oil and 5 minutes heating time. Based on the organoleptic scent test, the everage penalist gives a like answer. Organoleptic colors of reudeuep herbal products is according to SNI number 06-23-2006.

The Utilization of Red Dragon Fruit Peel Extract (Hylocereus costaricencis) As A Natural Colorant of Dried Noodle

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silaturahmi Silaturahmi ◽  
Zaidiyah Zaidiyah ◽  
Tengku Mia Rahmiati
Keyword(s):  
Product Diversification ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Natural Colorant ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Solid Loss ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Peel Extract

The use of colorants in the dried noodle manufactures is an effort of product diversification. Besides of being used as a natural coloring agent, this peel extract is also used to improve nutritional value of the expected product. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of red dragon fruit peel extract on the physical quality of dried noodle.  The study was conducted by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with one factor, namely concentration of red dragon fruit peel extract (N1 = 10 ml, N2 = 15 ml, N3 = 20 ml, N4 = 25 ml, N5 = 30 ml).  The observations of its physical quality consisted of water absorption, solid loss during cooking, and organoleptic tests (aroma and color).  The best quality of dried noodle was obtained by using 30 ml red dragon fruit peel extract (N5) with physical properties, namely DSA levels of 351.92%, solid loss during cooking 4.78%, aroma 3.79 (like) and color 3.89 (like).

PEMANFAATAN KARBON AKTIF UNTUK MENGURANGI CEMARAN FORMALIN PADA IKAN ASIN JAMBAL ROTI

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erma Ayu Nurcahyani ◽  
Merkuria Karyantina ◽  
Nanik Suhartatik
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Salted Fish ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
The People ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Chemical Material

Ikan asin adalah metode untuk pengawetan makanan menggunakan kombinasi penggaraman dan pengeringan matahari. Di kalangan masyarakat, pembuatan ikan asin banyak menggunakan bahan kimia berbahaya seperti formalin. Penambahan bahan berbahaya mempengaruhi kualitas terutama keamanan. Makanan yang aman didefinisikan sebagai makanan yang terbebas dari cemaran biologi, kimia, mikrobiologi, yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan. Karbon aktif diduga bersifat polar yang mampu mengadsorpsi formalin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian karbon aktif dalam mengurangi cemaran formalin pada “jambal roti”. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan untuk percobaan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 2 faktorial, dengan faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi karbon aktif 0, 3, dan 6% serta perlakuan kedua yaitu lama perebusan selama 5, 10, dan 15 menit. Penelitian ini dimulai dari pembuatan “jambal roti” dengan penambahan formalin dan perebusan dengan karbon aktif kemudian dianalisis uji kadar formalin, NaCl, protein, dan air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi karbon aktif dan lama perebusan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada kualitas jambal roti. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi karbon aktif dan lama perebusan maka semakin berkurangnya kadar formalin pada jambal roti. Hasil terbaik penelitian ini adalah karbon aktif 6% dan lama perebusan 15 menit. Menghasilkan formalin 3.21 ppm, NaCl 9.40%, protein 42.00%, dan air 30.02%. Kata kunci: Karbon Aktif, Formalin, Jambal Roti, Lama Perebusan. ABSTRACT                 Salted fish was a method for food preservation using combination of salting and sun drying. Among the people, the manufacture of salted fish use hazardous chemical material such as formaldehyde. The addition of hazardous substances affects the quality especially the safety. Safe food define as food that free from biological, chemical, microbiological contaminants that can affect health. Active carbon suspected to be polar which able to adsorb formaldehyde. The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of active carbon in reducing formaldehyde in salted fish “jambal roti”. The research used completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, the first factor was the concentration of active carbon 0, 3, and 6% and the second was the boiling time (for 5, 10, and 15 min). This research was started from making “jambal roti” with the addition of formaldehyde and boiling with active carbon then analyzed for formaldehyde content, NaCl, protein, and moisture. The result showed that the concentration of active carbon and boiling time had a significant effect in quality salted fish “jambal roti”. The higher the concentration of active carbon and boiling time the more formaldehyde in “jambal roti” were removed. The best results of the research was 6% active carbon and 15 min of boiling time. Resulting 3.21 ppm of formaldehyde, 9.40% of NaCl, 42.00% of protein, and 30.02% of moisture. Keywords: Active Carbon, Formaldehyde, Jambal Roti, Boiling Time

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