scholarly journals Histological and microbiological aspects of actinomycetoma cases in Venezuela

1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Serrano ◽  
Blaine Beaman ◽  
Maria Antonieta Mejia ◽  
Jesus Eduardo Viloria ◽  
Ramón Zamora
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Nocardia Brasiliensis ◽  
Actinomadura Madurae ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Microbiological Aspects

A ten year (1976-1986) review study of cases of Actinomycetoma in Venezuela was made through personal interview and clinical examinations, analysis of medical records of patients with actinomycetoma, histological studies of biopsy samples, as well as microbiological studies of isolates strain, also through out personal interviews with researchers and dermatologists who were sources of information on mycetoma cases. A total of 47 cases were recorded. As etiologic agent Actinomadura madurae was found in 20 cases - (42.5%), Nocardia brasiliensis in 13 cases (27.6%), Nocardia spp 7 cases (14.8%), Streptomyces somaliensis in 4 cases (8.5%), N. asteroides in 2 cases (4.2%) and N. otitidis caviarum, (N. caviae) in 1 case (2.1%). Most of the reported cases involved individuals living and working in rural areas, mostly males who outnumber females 4:1. The patients were 18 to 80 years old. A. madurae was reported as the most frequent etiologic agent. Most of the clinical cases were seen when the disease was well established. Twenty four of the forty seven cases reported were observed in Lara State, which represents a 51.0% of all the cases studied.

Status, Impact, and Factor Determining Rural Non-farm Economy of India: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Farm Sector ◽  
Income Inequalities ◽  
Review Study ◽  
The Impact

The rural non-farm sector (RNFS) involves a spectrum of economic activity in rural areas and encompasses all rural productive entities other than farm holdings. It has the potential to play a pivotal role in holistic and inclusive development of India’s rural areas by increasing the employment and wages of rural labour, which can reduce income inequalities. The review was carried out in order to explain the present status of RNFE state wise as well as overall to get a comprehensive view on the topic. The review study also focuses to disaggregate RNFE on the basis of gender, size of landholding and castes. Literature depicting the impact of RNFE on rural livelihoods especially in employment and poverty and factors determining it also been compiled to get an overall idea on the study.

Menstrual Hygiene Practices of Adolescent Girls in Rural Maharashtra

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Sumit Aggarwal ◽  
Deepti Ambalkar ◽  
Jayaprakasam Madhumathi ◽  
Vijay Badge ◽  
Arun Humne
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Sanitary Products ◽  
Sanitary Pads ◽  
The Right

Menstrual practices of adolescent girls in rural parts of India are greatly influenced by taboos and socio-cultural beliefs. In this study, the menstrual hygiene practices and beliefs of 122 adolescent girls between the ages of 13 and 19 years from rural Maharashtra were evaluated by personal interview and questionnaires. None of the girls had the right scientific knowledge about menstruation and were isolated during menstruation. They used cloth or home-made sanitary pads and were at risk of infections. There is a dire need for knowledge dissemination among school children and their families, increased awareness of menstrual hygiene and access to the requisite sanitary products in rural areas.

scholarly journals Challenge of diabetes mellitus and researchers’ contributions to its control

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 614-634
Author(s):  
Ayodele T. Odularu ◽  
Peter A. Ajibade
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Type 3

Abstract The aim of this review study was to assess the past significant events on diabetes mellitus, transformations that took place over the years in the medical records of treatment, countries involved, and the researchers who brought about the revolutions. This study used the content analysis to report the existence of diabetes mellitus and the treatments provided by researchers to control it. The focus was mainly on three main types of diabetes (type 1, type 2, and type 3 diabetes). Ethical consideration has also helped to boost diabetic studies globally. The research has a history path from pharmaceuticals of organic-based drugs to metal-based drugs with their nanoparticles in addition to the impacts of nanomedicine, biosensors, and telemedicine. Ongoing and future studies in alternative medicine such as vanadium nanoparticles (metal nanoparticles) are promising.

scholarly journals Complex pulmonary aspergilloma treated by cavernostomy

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 406-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula dos Santos Marsico Pereira da Silva ◽  
Giovanni Antonio Marsico ◽  
Marcell Alex Ferraz Araujo ◽  
Fernando Soares Vannucci Braz ◽  
Heron Teixeira Andrade dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Lung Resection ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Treatment Alternative ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergilloma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pulmonary Bleeding

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of cavernostomy in patients with complex fungal balls.Methods: We analyzed the medical records of patients undergoing cavernostomy between January 2005 and May 2013, evaluating: age, gender, preoperative signs and symptoms, predisposing disease, preoperative tests, location of the aspergilloma, etiologic agent, cavernostomy indication, postoperative outcome.Results: Ten patients were male. The mean age was 42.9 years (34-56). The most frequent symptom was repeated pulmonary bleeding. Cavernostomy was proposed for patients at high risk for lung resection. It was performed in 17 patients and all of them had pulmonary tuberculosis sequelae, with cavitations. The indication in all cases was hemoptysis and elimination of phlegm. The cavernostomies were performed in a single surgical procedure. In all 17 patients the cavity was left open after the withdrawal of the mycetoma. In all patients hemoptysis ceased immediately. Operative mortality was 9.5% (1).Conclusion: cavernostomy is an effective treatment alternative in patients at high risk. It may be useful in some patients with complex aspergilloma, irrespective of lung function or bilateral disease. It is technically easy, has low-risk, saves parenchyma, and may be performed in a single operative time.

Use of breast-conserving surgery for treatment of stage I and stage II breast cancer.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Guadagnoli ◽  
J C Weeks ◽  
C L Shapiro ◽  
J H Gurwitz ◽  
C Borbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Breast Conserving Surgery ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Type Of Surgery

PURPOSE To assess the use of breast-conserving surgery in two states reported to differ with respect to surgical treatment of breast cancer. METHODS A retrospective cohort study based on data collected from medical records and patients was performed among 1,514 patients diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer in Massachusetts and 1,061 patients in Minnesota. Patients were identified at 18 randomly selected hospitals in Massachusetts and at 30 hospitals in Minnesota. The rate of breast-conserving surgery in both states and the correlates of breast-conserving surgery among women eligible for the procedure were determined. RESULTS The rate of breast-conserving surgery in both states was much higher than previously reported. Among those eligible for the procedure, nearly 75% underwent breast-conserving surgery in Massachusetts and nearly half did so in Minnesota. Significantly (P < .003) more women who underwent mastectomy in Minnesota (27%) than in Massachusetts (15%) reported that their surgeon did not discuss breast-conserving surgery with them. Among women who underwent mastectomy and who reported being informed of both surgical alternatives, more women (P < .001) in Minnesota (74%) than in Massachusetts (62%) said they ultimately chose mastectomy because their surgeon recommended it. In Massachusetts, women treated at teaching hospitals were twice as likely as other women to undergo breast-conserving surgery. In Minnesota, women over age 70 and those who lived in rural areas were less likely than other women to undergo breast-conserving surgery. CONCLUSION Although the rate of breast-conserving surgery in each state was higher than expected based on earlier reports, the rates differed considerably between states. Additional studies are needed to determine whether variation in practice between geographic areas is due to differences in patients' preferences and values or to surgeons' propensity for one type of surgery based on where they practice.

Developing Security Solutions for Telemedicine Applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-96
Author(s):  
Pavithra V. ◽  
Jeyamala Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Image Encryption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Slight Modification ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Security Issues

Telemedicine is defined as the means of providing healthcare for people from a distance by the use of telecommunication and information technology. This technology is mainly useful in overcoming the obstacles of distance and provide enhancement in the access of medical services that would not be easily available in different rural areas. Telemedicine security includes issues such as confidentiality, integrity, and authentication that are also present in other systems involving information and data. Maintaining integrity of data stored and used is a huge problem for medical applications because it contains more sensitive medical records of patients which can cause severe ill effects on slight modification. In order to resolve the confidentiality and integrity issues of telemedicine applications, medical image encryption and watermarking comes into play. The security issues in telemedicine applications is to be given higher importance and thus choosing a reliable and effective approach or framework is more essential.

scholarly journals Challenges of transferring rural adults with chronic HCV infection for further HCV RNA confirmation and free DAAs treatment: a success story of the interdisciplinary collaboration approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Te-Sheng Chang ◽  
Shu-Zhi Chang ◽  
Ching-Hwa Chen ◽  
Mei-Yen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
National Health Insurance System ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Prospective Study Design

Abstract Background Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is a concern in many countries, is the leading cause of liver cancer around the world. Since Taiwan launched its national health insurance system in 1995, it has managed to extend health coverage to 99% of the Taiwanese population, providing free but limited antiviral treatment each year since 2017. However, many people in rural areas are unaware that they have chronic HCV; nor do they realize that new drugs with high cure rates could drastically reduce their health burden. The aim of this study is to explore the implementation facilitators of and barriers to inviting potentially infected patients in rural areas to be transferred for HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) confirmation and new drug treatment. Methods A descriptive and prospective study design with an interdisciplinary collaboration approach was implemented. After five elements of referral were developed, telephone counseling was conducted between August 2018 and May 2019 in Yunlin, Taiwan. The elements of referral developed by the research team were: (1) forming and coordinating physicians’ schedules, (2) recruiting and training volunteers, (3) training the nursing staff, (4) raising funds or resources, and (5) connecting with village leaders. Thereafter, we collaborated with two district health centers, a private local hospital, and health clinics. Based on the medical records provided by these agencies, community adults that were HCV antibody (anti-HCV) positive were invited to join the program. Results Of the 1795 adults who were serum anti-HCV positive, 1149 (64%) accepted transfer to a qualified hospital; of these, 623 (54.2%) had an HCV infection. 552 (88.6%) of those infected started receiving direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) treatment. The top four barriers to accepting transfer were: (1) they perceived themselves to be healthy (n = 98, 32.3%); (2) mistrust of treatment/healthcare (n = 60, 20.2%); (3) limited transportation to the hospital (n = 52, 17.5%); and (4) work conflict (n = 30, 10.1%). Conclusion An interdisciplinary collaboration approach significantly contributed to the invitation of CHC patients, as well as their acceptance of HCV RNA confirmation and free DAAs treatment. Using anti-HCV data from previous medical records for case-finding and collaborating with a hospital and health clinics proved to be an efficient strategy.

scholarly journals Ownership of mother and children's health book and complete basic immunization status in slums and poor population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Hargono ◽  
Hario Megatsari ◽  
Kurnia Dwi Artanti ◽  
Triska Susila Nindya ◽  
Ratna Dwi Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Complete Coverage ◽  
The Government ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Improve Access ◽  
Poor Population

Background: The percentage of complete immunization in urban areas is higher than rural areas. The purpose of the study was to analyze the relationship between ownership of Maternal and Child Health (MCH) books with Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) coverage in slums and poor areas. Design and Methods: A rapid survey was conducted in selected slums and poor groups based on medical records from Public Health Center. Informants were mothers with a sample of 325 infants aged 12 to 23 months. Results: The lowest coverage of CBI for slum and poor residents is Pasuruan, which is 55.4%. The results of statistical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between ownership of MCH books and the complete coverage of basic immunization in Malang (P=0.000; PR=3.682); Pasuruan (P=0.002; PR=1.854); Sidoarjo (P=0.000; PR=4.042); Surabaya (P=0.000; PR=2.425). Conclusions: It is recommended that the government should improve access to complete immunization programs in slums and poor population.

scholarly journals Contribution of Different Patient Information Sources to Create the Best Possible Medication History

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joelizy Oliveira ◽  
Ana Cristina Cabral ◽  
Marta Lavrador ◽  
Filipa A. Costa ◽  
Filipe Félix Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Health Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Medication History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Hospital Medical ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Electronic Health

Introduction: Obtaining the best possible medication history is the crucial step in medication reconciliation. Our aim was to evaluate the potential contributions of the main data sources available – patient/caregiver, hospital medical records, and shared electronic health records – to obtain an accurate ‘best possible medication history’.Material and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted. Adult patients taking at least one medicine were included. Patient interview was performed upon admission and this information was reconciled with hospital medical records and shared electronic health records, assessed retrospectively. Concordance between sources was assessed. In the shared electronic health records, information was collected for four time-periods: the preceding three, six, nine and 12-months. The proportion of omitted data between time-periods was analysed.Results: A total of 148 patients were admitted, with a mean age of 54.6 ± 16.3 years. A total of 1639 medicines were retrieved. Only 29% were collected simultaneously in the three sources of information, 40% were only obtained in shared electronic health records and only 5% were obtained exclusively from patients. The total number of medicines gathered in shared electronic health records considering the different time frames were 778 (three-months), 1397 (six-months), 1748 (nine-months), and 1933 (12-months).Discussion: The use of shared electronic health records provides data that were omitted in the other data sources available and retrieving the information at six months is the most efficient procedure to establish the basis of the best possible medication history.Conclusion: Shared electronic health records should be the preferred source of information to supplement the patient or caregiver interview in order to increase the accuracy of best possible medication history of the patient, particularly if collected within the prior six months.

A Novice's Biography of George Gaylord Simpson

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Léo Laporte
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Modern Evolutionary Synthesis ◽  
George Gaylord Simpson ◽  
High Level ◽  
Modern Evolutionary Theory

George G. Simpson (1902-1984) had an enormously successful career for some fifty years during the middle of the twentieth century. Owing to his great intellect, especially his deep analytic skill and broad synthetic insight as well as his single-minded persistence, he produced a large body of published work that became an integral part of modern evolutionary theory. His high level of scientific achievement can be gauged by the number and quality of his publications, his institutional affiliations, his honors and awards, and the recognition he received in mainstream popular culture.1 Because Simpson was arguably the leading paleontologist of the last century and a major contributor to the ‘modern evolutionary synthesis’ I informed him of my biographical interest and asked for a personal interview. I sought further permission to interview his family, colleagues, and former students. For all interviews, I prepared a dozen leading questions, but also allowed interviewees to decide what was important. I encouraged tangential remarks and hence surprising insights were revealed. If possible, I corroborated what the interviewees told me; I did not take everything at face value. I always kept the emphasis on the content and character of Simpson's scientific accomplishments, avoiding ‘psycho-biography.’ I visited archives for unpublished documents—relevant personal letters, photographs, notes, newspaper clippings—and checked school and university records. I traveled to places where he grew up, attended school, was employed, and did field work. I divided the work into stand-alone articles, beginning with the easier and more obvious ones. I published these serially so they could later be revised, reassembled, and crafted into the final larger, unified biography. Doing research and writing in this way, I kept the longer-term project moving forward, making necessary course corrections as I went along. I thus established my credibility, advanced the research, and expanded the sources of information. Piece-meal publication satisfied deans and made possible a graceful escape if the project stalled, or I lost interest. However, seeing my work in print further motivated me to complete the task. Reviews were very positive, but sales more disappointing. Un succès estime!? (Laporte 2000a).

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