The effect of supplementation on the tissue composition of the commercial cuts of cross-bred F1 (Boer × SPRD) finished in native pasture

The present study aimed to assess the effect of levels of supplementation with concentrate on the tissue composition of commercial cuts of goats finished in native pasture. It was used 24 non-castrated cross-bred F1 (Boer × SPRD) goats at the age of 120 days, with initial average body weight (BW) of 15.52 kg distributed in four levels of supplementation with concentrated feed (0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5% of body weight in dry matter) and slaughtered at 25.12 kg; 26.62 kg; 28.56 kg and 29.19 kg, respectively, corresponding to 218 days of life. The carcass was sectioned in the half, and from the left half of the carcass, the following cuts were separated: leg, loin, ribs, shoulder and neck, which were dissected into muscle, bone and fat, with the results expressed in weight and yield of the tissues in relation to the weight of the cut. Supplementation incresead the muscle weight, as well as the fat weight and yield and decreased the muscle:fat relationship; however there was no influence on the proportion of muscle in the five studied cuts. Therefore, in order to obtain better finished commercial meat cuts, supplementation of 1.0 and 1.5% of body weight is recommended. Nevertheless, supplementation is unnecessary for obtaining lighter meat cuts with a good proportion of muscle.

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Prediction of carcass tissue composition of F1 crossbred goats finished on native pasture

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982011000100026 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 183-189

Author(s):

Rayana de Medeiros Silva ◽

José Morais Pereira Filho ◽

Aderbal Marcos de Azevêdo Silva ◽

Marcílio Fontes Cezar ◽

Anderson Luiz Nascimento da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linear Relationship ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Tissue Composition ◽

Initial Body Weight ◽

Positive Linear Relationship ◽

Physical Composition ◽

Native Pasture ◽

Fat Yield ◽

Four Levels ◽

The Relationship

The objective of this study was to estimate tissue composition of the carcass from physical composition of commercial cuts of F1 crossbred goats (Boer with females of non-defined racial standard) finished on native pasture with four levels of supplementation with concentrate (0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5% of BW in dry matter). It was used 24 non-castrated animals at initial body weight of 15.52 kg and at 120 days of age. The carcass was sectioned in the half, and from the lefthalf carcass, the following cuts were detached: leg, loin, ribs, shoulder and neck, which were dissected in muscle, bone and fat. Carcass weight and yield were predicted from the weight and yield of tissues in the commercial cuts by regression analysis. All the cuts can be used to predict muscle and fat weight in the carcass. For the muscle, the relationship was linear and positive in the cuts leg, ribs, shoulder and neck, and cubic in the loin; for all the cuts, fat kept a linear relationship with the carcass. Muscle and fat yield of all the commercial cuts showed a positive linear relationship with carcass yield, except for rib fat, for which a cubic relationship was found. Considering all the results obtained and using the relationship with the highest determination coefficient, the ribs were the cut that provided the best estimate of the carcass muscle and fat yields of F1 crossbred goats (Boer with females of non-defined racial standard) finished on native pasture.

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Effects of Calcium Levels in Artificial Pellet Feed on the Growth and Survival Rate of Black Apple Snails (Pila polita)

Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.31817/vjas.2019.2.2.04 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 387-396

Author(s):

Le Van Binh ◽

Ngo Thi Thu Thao

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Shell Height ◽

Initial Body Weight ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Shell Width ◽

Pellet Feed ◽

Average Body ◽

Average Body Weight

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different dietary calcium levels on the growth and survival rate of black apple snails (Pila polita) in the grow-out period. There were 3 replicates for each treatment and the snails were fed with five calcium levels (% dry matter) in diet as follows: 1% (Ca1), 3% (Ca3), 5% (Ca5), 7% (Ca7), and 9% (Ca9). Two-month-old juveniles with an average initial body weight of 2.13g, shell height of 21.71mm, and shell width of 16.35mm were reared in tarpaulin tanks (1 × 1 × 1m; 40cm water depth) at the density of 100 individuals per tank. After 4 months of the rearing period, the average body weight, shell height, and shell width of the snails reached the highest values in the Ca5 treatment (28.43 g, 54.97 mm, and 40.09mm, respectively) and these values were significantly different compared to the remaining calcium contents (Ca1, Ca3, Ca7, and Ca9). The survival rate of the snails in Ca3 (75.7%) was higher than in Ca1 and Ca7 (74.7%), Ca5 (73.7%), and Ca9 (71.7%). However, the survival rate was not significantly different among the treatments. Snails in Ca5 obtained the highest productivity (2.88 kg m-2) and this value was significantly different from Ca1 (2.55 kg m-2) and Ca9 (2.35 kg m-2). The results of this study showed that the growth rate and productivity of black apple snails were highest when they consumed a diet containing 5% calcium. The optimum requirement of calcium for the black apple snails in the grow-out period was 4.51%.

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The growth of red tilapia fed on organic-selenium supplemented diet

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.12.48-53 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 48 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Agus Suprayudi ◽

Burhanudin Faisal ◽

Mia Setiawati

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Selenium Content ◽

Aquarium Fish ◽

Red Tilapia ◽

Organic Selenium ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Four Levels ◽

Average Body ◽

Average Body Weight

ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted to evaluate the level of organic selenium in the diet on the growth performance of red tilapia Oreochromis sp. Four levels of organic selenium namely 0, 1, 2, and 4 g Se/kg diet were used as a treatment, and the selenium content on the diets are 0.12, 0.19, 1.05, and 1.42 mg Se/kg respectively. This experiment were used randomized design with four treatments and two replications. All the diet was formulated to have similar protein and energy. Juvenile red tilapia with average body weight of 9.49±0.94 g were reared in the 80×40×40 cm3 aquarium with density of 10 fish/aquarium. Fish were reared for 40 days and feed four times daily at satiation levels. The result of this study showed that fish fed diet containing 4 g organic Se/kg diet (1,42 mg Se/kg) had the best growth performance. Keywords: organic selenium, growth, red tilapia ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis selenium organik pada pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan ikan nila merah Oreochromis sp. Empat macam dosis selenium organik yang digunakan adalah 0, 1, 2, dan 4 g Se/kg pakan. Kandungan selenium pada setiap pakan berturut-turut adalah 0,12; 0,19; 1,05; dan 1,42 mg Se/kg pakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak dengan empat perlakuan dan dua ulangan. Semua pakan diformulasikan memiliki protein dan energi yang sama. Ikan yang digunakan adalah juvenil nila merah dengan bobot rata-rata 9,49±0,95 g yang dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 80×40×40 cm3 dengan kepadatan 10 ekor/akuarium. Ikan tersebut dipelihara selama 40 hari dengan frekuensi pemberian pakan empat kali sehari secara at satiation. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ikan yang diberi pakan yang mengandung 4 g Se organik/kg pakan (1,42 mg Se/kg) memperlihatkan kinerja pertumbuhan terbaik. Kata kunci: selenium organik, pertumbuhan, nila merah

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THE EFFECT OF (Morinda citrifolia L.) MEAL IN DIET ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER

Jurnal Agroindustri ◽

10.31186/j.agroind.2.1.21-27 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 21-27

Author(s):

Yosi Fenita

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Morinda Citrifolia ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Different Levels ◽

Effect Of Feeding ◽

Average Body ◽

Average Body Weight

The objective of the research was to evaluate to effect of feeding mengkudu on performances of broilers. The research design used was completely randomized design. One hundred broilers were distributed into five treatments. The treatments were different levels of mengkudu meal (0, 0.75%, 1.5%, 2.25 % and 3%). The observed measured were feed consumption, average body weight (gain) and feed conversion. Results showed that feeding mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.) no effect significant (P>0.05) on feed consumption, average body weight and feed conversion. In conclusion, feeding mengkudu meal up to 3% (in diet) does not negatively affect feed consumption, average body weight, and feed conversion.

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The Effects of Feed Color on Broiler Performance between Day 1 and 21

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11061511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1511

Author(s):

Joseph P. Gulizia ◽

Kevin M. Downs

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Treatment Effects ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Broiler Performance ◽

Average Body ◽

Average Body Weight

Two trials were conducted to determine feed color effects on broiler performance. A completely randomized design was used. Trial 1 included four treatments: control (complete broiler starter diet), red, green, and blue; and Trial 2 included four treatments: control, orange, yellow, and purple. Each trial had 4 treatments with 4 replicates (60 birds/treatment) fed to 240 male Cobb 500 broilers during a 21 d grow out. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure. In Trial 1, there were no treatment effects on average body weight, body weight gain, and feed consumption (p > 0.05). Adjusted feed conversion for control (1.23) was less than red (1.27; p = 0.001) and green (1.26; p = 0.009), with blue (1.25; p = 0.056) tending to be different during the experimental period. In Trial 2, there were no treatment effects on average body weight, feed consumption, and adjusted feed conversion during this study (p > 0.05). Body weight gain between d 1 to 14 for purple (490.78 g/bird) was more than orange (467 g/bird; p = 0.013) and yellow (461 g/bird; p= 0.004), with control (474 g/bird; p = 0.052) tending to be different. Results indicate that these feed colors had some, albeit limited, influence on broiler performance parameters.

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Early sex determination of Turkey by observation of differences in body weight between male and female

Progressive Agriculture ◽

10.3329/pa.v31i3.52126 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 218-226

Author(s):

S Akter ◽

SC Das ◽

AS Apu ◽

T Ahmed ◽

A Lahiry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Male And Female ◽

Live Body Weight ◽

Commercial Broiler ◽

Percent Accuracy ◽

Similar Body ◽

Black Color ◽

Average Body ◽

Average Body Weight

The present study was conducted to determine the early sex in turkeys by observation of the differences in body weight between male and female birds. A total of 30-day old black color unsexed poults having almost similar body weight at hatching were considered for the experimentation and housed at the Poultry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. All birds were reared up to 12 weeks of age under intensive management with supplementation of commercial broiler starter and grower feeds. Birds were reared under similar management conditions. Significantly higher (p<0.01) body weight was attained in male poults (104g/bird) than the female (90g/bird) at the end of 1st week of age. Similarly, at the end of 2nd week of age higher (p<0.01) body weight attained by male poults (198.31g/bird) than the female (162.13g/bird). At the end of 3rd weeks of age male poults attained higher (p<0.01) body weight (307.23g/bird) than the female (251.33g/bird). After 4 weeks of rearing, male turkeys attained significantly higher (p<0.01) live body weight (424.46g/bird) than the female turkeys (347.87g/bird). The weekly average body weight gains of male and female birds were 94.18g/bird and 76.5g/bird, respectively. Thus, the male and female birds were successfully identified on the basis of differences in their body weight. Weekly feed intake for both the male and female birds was also increased with their age. Up to 4 weeks of age, both the male and female poults consumed same amount of feed (753.46g/bird). The FCR of male and female poults differed non-significantly in 1st, 3rd and 4th week. On the contrary, in 2nd week of age the FCR of male poults (1.60) was significantly lower (p<0.01) than female (2.11). Survivability was 100% up to 4th week of age irrespective of sex of the poults. The birds were reared up to 12 weeks of age until to confirm their sex by observation of the phenotypic appearance. Results of the phenotypic observation of male and female birds correspondence hundred percent accuracy with the results obtained in body weight based differences between male and female birds. It is therefore concluded that farmers can identify male or female poults as early as first week of age on the basis of body weight differences. Progressive Agriculture 31 (3): 218-226, 2020

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Maintenance requirement and deposition efficiency of lysine in pigs

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2013000900011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (9) ◽

pp. 1269-1274 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marcos Speroni Ceron ◽

Vladimir de Oliveira ◽

Paulo Alberto Lovatto ◽

Marcos Martinez do Vale

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Deposition Efficiency ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Maintenance Requirement ◽

Nitrogen Intake ◽

Average Body ◽

Over Time ◽

Average Body Weight

The objective of this work was to determine the maintenance requirement and the deposition efficiency of lysine in growing pigs. It was used the incomplete changeover experimental design, with replicates over time. Twelve castrated pigs with average body weight (BW) of 52±2 kg were kept in metabolism crates with a controlled temperature of 22ºC. The diets were formulated to supply 30, 50, 60, and 70% of the expected requirements of standardized lysine, and provided at 2.6 times the energy requirements for maintenance. The trial lasted 24 days and was divided into two periods of 12 days: seven days for animal adaptation to the diet and five days for sample collection. The increasing content of lysine in the diet did not affect dry matter intake of the pigs. The amount of nitrogen excreted was 47% of the nitrogen intake, of which 35% was excreted through feces and 65% through urine. The estimated endogenous losses of lysine were 36.4 mg kg-1 BW0.75. The maintenance requirement of lysine for pigs weighing around 50 kg is 40.4 mg kg-1 BW0.75, and the deposition efficiency of lysine is 90%.

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Quantitative characteristics of the carcasses of Moxotó and Canindé goats fed diets with two different energy levels

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982010000700024 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (7) ◽

pp. 1565-1570 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ana Cristina Chacon Lisboa ◽

Dermeval Araújo Furtado ◽

Ariosvaldo Nunes de Medeiros ◽

Roberto Germano Costa ◽

Rita de Cássia do Egypto Queiroga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Energy Level ◽

Energy Levels ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Carcass Yield ◽

Final Weight ◽

Quantitative Characteristics ◽

Energetic Level ◽

Average Body ◽

Average Body Weight

The objective of this work was to evaluate the quantitative characteristics of carcasses of Moxotó and Canindé goats finished in feedlots and fed diets of two levels of energy. It was used 40 castrated young goats, 20 from Moxotó breed and 20 from Canindé breed, each one with an average body weight of 15.2 kg. The animals were fed with diets containing 2.20 and 2.71 (Mcal/kg DM). The experimental period lasted 86 days. There was no difference among the barometric measures of Moxotó and Canindé kids. Canindé goats showed higher final weight, higher weight after fasting and higher hot and cold carcass weights when compared to the Moxotó animals. Animals that consumed diets with higher energy level had higher final weight and conformation as well as higher carcass yield. Considering the percentage values of the commercial meat cuts, no difference among treatments was observed. The diet was the factor that most influenced the non-constituent components of the carcass of Moxotó and Canindé goats. In general, animals belonging to the Canindé breed presented higher quantitative characteristics than the Moxotó breed. Supply of diets with higher energetic level (2.71 Mcal/kg DM) for goats from Moxotó and Canindé breeds, in feedlots, favors the production of carcass with higher yields and heavier commercial meat cuts.

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INTERAKSI GENOTIPE DENGAN LINGKUNGAN, ADAPTABILITAS, DAN STABILITAS PENAMPILAN FENOTIPIK EMPAT VARIETAS UNGGUL IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)

Jurnal Riset Akuakultur ◽

10.15578/jra.10.1.2015.1-9 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Didik Ariyanto ◽

Nunuk Listiyowati

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Genetic Factor ◽

Environment Factors ◽

Pelleted Feed ◽

Environment Factor ◽

Net Cages ◽

Average Body ◽

Average Body Weight

Penampilan fenotipik suatu organisme ditentukan oleh faktor genetik dan dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan tempat organisme tersebut hidup. Dalam beberapa kasus, interaksi antara faktor genetik dengan lingkungan juga berpengaruh terhadap penampilan fenotipik yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari interaksi antara faktor genetik dengan lingkungan, daya adaptabilitas dan stabilitas penampilan fenotipik khususnya bobot individu pada empat varietas unggul ikan nila yang dipelihara di tiga lokasi berbeda. Ikan nila varietas GMT, merah NIFI, NIRWANA dan BEST dipelihara di tambak payau di Indramayu, kolam air tenang di Sukamandi dan karamba jaring apung di Waduk Cirata, Kabupaten Cianjur, selama empat bulan pemeliharaan. Benih ikan nila diberi pakan pelet komersial dengan kandungan protein kasar 28%-30%, sebanyak 10%; 7,5%; 5%; dan 2,5% dari biomassa ikan masing-masing pada bulan pertama, kedua, ketiga, dan keempat. Pakan diberikan dengan frekuensi dua kali setiap hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bobot ikan nila secara nyata dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik, lingkungan, serta interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut. Selain ikan nila GMT, tiga varietas ikan nila yang diuji mempunyai adaptabilitas lingkungan relatif sempit, serta stabilitas penampilan fenotipik karakter bobot individu relatif rendah. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pengembangan budidaya ikan nila GMT dapat dilakukan di semua lokasi, sedangkan ikan nila merah NIFI, NIRWANA, dan BEST akan optimal jika dilakukan di lokasi tertentu saja.Phenotypic performance was determined by genetic and environment factors and their interaction. This study was conducted to examinethe present of interaction both of genetic and environment factors, adaptability, and stability of phenotypic performance of four varieties of tilapia which maintained in three different location. GMT, red NIFI, NIRWANA, and BEST tilapia strains were reared for four months in net cages in Cirata reservoir in Cianjur, in earthen ponds in Sukamandi and in brackish water ponds in Indramayu. All fish were fed with commercial pelleted feed contained of crude protein 28%-30%, about 10%, 7.5%, 5%, and 2.5% each day in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th month, respectively. The results showed that tilapia’s phenotipic performance especially the average body weight was significantly affected by genetic factor, environment factor, and interaction both of them factors. Except the GMT, all tilapia strains used in this study have narrow phenotypic adaptability and stability, especially in average body weight. This results indicated that GMT tilapia strain can be farmed in various areas, but red NIFI, NIRWANA, and BEST tilapia strains are most likely in a specific location.

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Retensi Nitrogen dan Konversi Pakan Ayam Lokal Persilangan yang Diberi Ekstrak Umbi Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis) sebagai Sumber Inulin

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.v12i2.4762 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

A. F. Fanani ◽

N. Suthama ◽

B. Sukamto

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Energy Metabolism ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Native Chicken ◽

Local Chicken ◽

Average Body ◽

Basal Ration ◽

Average Body Weight

The research was aimed to evaluate used dahlia tubersextract as inulinsource onnitrogen retention and feed conversion of crossbred local chicken (male native chicken × female laying hen). Three weeks old 160 unsex birds with average body weight 180.46±1.21g were kept until 8 weeks. The experimentwas designed ascompletely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications (@10 birds). Treatments applied were T0: basal ration, T1: ration + 0.39% extract, T2: ration + 0.78% extract, T3: ration + 1.17% extract. Parameters observed werenitrogen retention, energy metabolism and feed conversion. The data were statistically analyzed according to ANOVA and continued by Duncan test at the level of 5%. The results showed that feeding dahlia tuberextract significantly affect (P<0.05) nitrogen retentionwith value T0-T3 (1.3g, 1.47g, 1.43g, 1.7g)and feed conversion (4.15, 3.58, 3.75, 3.47), but not significant of energy metabolism. In conclusion, the higher levels of feeding inulin in the form of extract in T3 (1.17%), increase nitrogen retention and improve feed conversionof crossbred local chicken.

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