scholarly journals Maintenance requirement and deposition efficiency of lysine in pigs

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1269-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Speroni Ceron ◽  
Vladimir de Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Alberto Lovatto ◽  
Marcos Martinez do Vale
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Deposition Efficiency ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Maintenance Requirement ◽  
Nitrogen Intake ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Average Body Weight

The objective of this work was to determine the maintenance requirement and the deposition efficiency of lysine in growing pigs. It was used the incomplete changeover experimental design, with replicates over time. Twelve castrated pigs with average body weight (BW) of 52±2 kg were kept in metabolism crates with a controlled temperature of 22ºC. The diets were formulated to supply 30, 50, 60, and 70% of the expected requirements of standardized lysine, and provided at 2.6 times the energy requirements for maintenance. The trial lasted 24 days and was divided into two periods of 12 days: seven days for animal adaptation to the diet and five days for sample collection. The increasing content of lysine in the diet did not affect dry matter intake of the pigs. The amount of nitrogen excreted was 47% of the nitrogen intake, of which 35% was excreted through feces and 65% through urine. The estimated endogenous losses of lysine were 36.4 mg kg-1 BW0.75. The maintenance requirement of lysine for pigs weighing around 50 kg is 40.4 mg kg-1 BW0.75, and the deposition efficiency of lysine is 90%.

Effect of fishmeal and wheat bran diet on the performance of local lactating cows in Bangladesh

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 108-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.S. Khan ◽  
M.A. Akbar ◽  
J.H. Topps
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight ◽  
Degradable Protein ◽  
Zebu Cows

Nine local (indigenous) Zebu cows of average body weight 156 kg. were used to examine the performance in their first lactation given either fishmeal or wheat bran diets.Fishmeal diet (A) consisted of 11.5 kg urea treated straw, 4 kg green grass and 0.25 kg of fishmeal. This diet contained an estimated 63 MJME, 518 g of rumen degradable protein (RDP) and 146 g of undegraded dietary protein (UDP). The wheat bran diet (B) consisted of 11.6 kg urea treated straw, 4 kg green grass and 0.5 kg wheat bran. This diet contained an estimated 66 MJME, 523 g of RDP and 91 g of UDP. Total dry matter intake of the two diets, A and B were 7.5 and 7.83 kg/d respectively. Therefore the two diets differed mainly in UDP levels. The composition and nutritive value of the ingredients of the two diets are given in Table 1 and 2.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Penggunaan Daun Kembang Sepatu sebagai Agensia Defaunasi dalam Pakan Berkonsentrat Tinggi dengan Jenis Hijauan Berbeda Ditinjau dari Kecernaan Nutrienpada Kambing Kacang Jantan

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Susi Dwi Widyawati ◽  
Siska Frimadani Silalahi ◽  
Isti Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
China Rose ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Peanut Straw ◽  
Average Body Weight

<p><em>Feeding high-concentrateration stimulates the protozoa to grow quickly, thus inhibits the growth of rumen bacteria,and leads to decrease in digestibility of nutrients, especially crude fiber. Defaunation is required to reduce the protozoa population in the rumen, for exampleby using China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) leafwhich containing saponins. This study investigated the effectiveness of China rose leaf as defaunation agent in high-concentrate feed with different forage based on nutrient digestibility in kacang goats. A total of16 male kacang goats with average body weight of 13.68 ± 1.55 kg was divided into 2 treatments i.e. P1: 40% peanut straw + 50% concentrate + 10% China roseleaf and P2: 40% king grass + 50% concentrate + 10% China rose leaf. The data obtained were analyzed by t-test. The results showed that the goats fed peanut straw generated higher (P&lt;0.05) dry matter intake than the goats fed king grass (819.56 vs 678.65 gram/head/day). Furthermore, the dry matter digestibility in goats fed peanut straw was higher (P&lt;0.01) than king grass (81.93 vs71.64%). The same results were observed for the digestibility of organic matter (82.96 vs74.35%) and crude fiber(78.12 vs 64.00%). It can be concluded that the use of China roseleaf in ration containing peanut strawwas more effective as defaunation agent as indicated by higher nutrient digestibility rather than in ration containing king grass.</em></p>

scholarly journals Dry matter intake observed and predicted by the nutritional systems NRC and BR-Corte for feedlot nelore heifers fed with human feed products

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3157
Author(s):  
Simone Pedro da Silva ◽  
Carina Ubirajara de Faria ◽  
Ana Caroline Rodrigues da Cunha ◽  
Aline Maria Soares Ferreira ◽  
Jean Marcos Castro Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Average Body

We aimed to evaluate the effects of using a concentrated ration containing industrialised human food on the productive parameters of Nellore heifers in confinement, in addition to comparing the dry matter intake (DMI) observed with that predicted by the nutritional systems BR-Corte and NRC, in order to determine which system makes the most accurate predictions for heifers of the breed Nelore in feedlots. Twenty-four Nelore heifers, with an average age of 24 months and average body weight (BW) of 350 kg, were used over the 70 days of the experiment. They were randomly assigned to two treatments and housed in partially covered stalls equipped with an automatic Growsafe® Systems feeding system. Animals in the control group (CONT) received a concentrated ration containing ground corn, soybean meal, urea, and mineral nucleus. In the residual treatment (RES) group, heifers received concentrated feed containing products from the human diet. The difference between the treatments was the concentrated ration; in the control treatment, the energy source used was maize, whereas in the residue treatment, the energy sources were corn chips, coconut candies, and ground coffee. Corn silage was included as forage for both treatments. The forage:concentrate (F:C) ratio was 84:16. The predicted intake was estimated according to the nutritional systems NRC (2000, 2016) and BR-Corte (VALADARES FILHO et al., 2010, 2016). The average DMI observed of the heifers was 7.46 kg day-1. Heifers fed with human feed residue had a higher dry matter intake (DMI) and higher ether extract intake (EEI) than animals fed with the control feed. In addition, heifers that received human feed products showed a lower average daily weight gain (DWG) of 1.08 kg day-1 than animals fed the control treatment with an average DWG of 1.24 kg day-1. The predicted dry matter intake by NRC 2000 was an overestimate by 9.78 % and by BR-Corte 2010 was an overestimate by 5.5 %. The NRC 2016 and BR-Corte 2016 underestimated the intake of heifers by 18.9 % and 7.1 %, respectively. It was concluded that growing Nelore heifers fed with human feed products, with a F:C ratio of 84:16, present a higher DMI and lower growth performance and feed efficiency than heifers fed the control diet. The DMI predicting models for Nellore heifers proposed by BR-Corte are more adequate than the NRC models.

Some factors affecting apparent nitrogen digestibility of roughage diets fed to cattle

1972 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Moran ◽  
J. E. Vercoe
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Dietary Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Intake ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen

SUMMARYPublished and unpublished results for apparent nitrogen digestibility from 107 digestibility trials with Zebu (Africander, Brahman and their crosses with British cattle) and British breeds of cattle were analysed by regression analyses to determine its relationship with dry matter intake and dietary nitrogen content.The linear regression of apparent nitrogen digestibility on the reciprocal of dietary nitrogen content was an adequate mathematical description of the relation (r = 0·92) and the addition of the reciprocal of nitrogen intake as an independent variable improved the description (r = 0·95) particularly for diets with a low nitrogen content. Both these equations have a physiological basis.Estimates of the true nitrogen digestibility and metabolic faecal nitrogen from the linear regression of apparent nitrogen digestibility on the reciprocal of dietary nitrogen content were 86·8% and 0·49 g/100 g dry-matter intake. Independent estimates of these parameters from a multiple regression of total faecal nitrogen on dry-matter intake and nitrogen intake were 88·7% and 0·46 g/100 g dry-matter intake. The analyses on the breeds suggested that the Zebu cattle may have a higher true digestibility and a lower metabolic faecal nitrogen than the British cattle, although the differences were small and could not be subjected to statistical tests.

scholarly journals Physical composition of carcass, commercial cuts and meat characteristics of crossbred Holstein-Zebu young bulls fed crude glycerin levels in the diets

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 3349
Author(s):  
Ana Clara Bohnen de Barros ◽  
João Restle ◽  
Regis Luis Missio ◽  
Fabrícia Rocha Chaves Miotto ◽  
Wescley Faccini Augusto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Force ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crude Glycerin ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
Absolute Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Assessment of carcass and meat characteristics of Holstein-Zebu crossbred young bulls finished in feedlot with crude glycerin levels (0, 60, 120, and 240 g kg-1 dry matter) in replace of ground pearl millet grain and babassu mesocarp bran mixture-based diets. Twenty four bulls 30-month-old and initial average body weight of 390 ± 31.5 kg were used. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replicates. The absolute weight (kg) of commercial cuts did not fit any of the tested regression models. However, the weight of the short ribs and the pistol cut were higher for animals fed with crude glycerin in relation to those fed without inclusion of this food in the diet. The proportion of the commercial cuts, however, was not changed. The increase of the crude glycerin levels linearly increased the proportion of carcass fat and reduced the muscle proportion, without changing the proportion of bone and the edible portion of the carcasses. The ratio muscle/fat reduced linearly with the advance of crude glycerin level of diets. The color of the meat, evaluated subjectively, increased linearly with the advance of crude glycerin levels of the diets, from dark red to slightly dark red. The texture, marbling, shear force, thawing loss and cooking loss were not changed by dietary levels of crude glycerin. The inclusion of up to 240 g kg-1 of crude glycerin in the diets increases the proportion of fat without changing the marketable portion of carcasses. The benefits to the meat quality refer to the improvement of color, without changing the other characteristics of economic interest.

scholarly journals KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK KULIT PISANG RAJA TERFERMENTASI DENGAN Rhizopus oligosporus DALAM RANSUM AYAM BROILER

ZOOTEC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Nabenus Wenda ◽  
F.R Wolayan ◽  
I.M. Untu ◽  
H. Liwe
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rhizopus Oligosporus ◽  
Fermented Product ◽  
Banana Flour ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

DIGESTIBILITY OF DRY MATTER AND ORGANIC MATTER OF RAJA BANANA PEELS WITH Rhizopus oligosporus FERMENTED IN BROILER RATION. This study aims to determine the digestibility of dry matter and organic material rations using the peels of banana Raja fermented with Rhizopus oligosporus in broiler chickens. This research was conducted using 20 broilers of Arbor Acres CP. 707 Strain aged 5 weeks, with an average body weight of ± 1067 grams. The design used was: Student t-test consisting of 2 treatments, each treatment consisted of 10 broilers as a test. The rations used in this study were: Raja Banana peels flour without fermentation and fermented products with Rhizopus oligosporus mold. The t-student test results showed that the digestibility of dry banana skin powder of fermented Raja banana product was significantly different (P<0.01) compared to unripe fermented Raja banana flour which was 62.32% to 71.66% as well as the digestibility of organic matter ie from 66.74% to 73.01%. Based on the results and discussion it can be concluded that the use of raja banana skin peel flour 15% fermented product in the ration gives betterresults to the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter compared to without fermentation. Keywords: Raja Banana Peels, Fermentation, Rhizopus oligosporus, Broiler Chicken.

Nutritional value of Townsville stylo (Stylosanthes humilis) and of spear grass (Heteropogon contortus)-dominant pastures fed to sheep. 1. The effect of plant maturity

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (57) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Playne ◽  
KP Haydock
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Heteropogon Contortus ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
Nitrogen Intake ◽  
Plant Maturity ◽  
Townsville Stylo ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
A Site

The voluntary dry matter intake, digestibility and chemical composition of Townsville stylo and of black spear grass cut at different times of the year from a site near Townsville, Queensland, have been examined using penned sheep. Nitrogen, sulphur, and phosphorus intakes and retention in the sheep were measured. The concentrations of N, P, S, Na, and Ca in most cuts of spear grass and P and Na in Townsville stylo were less than the published requirements of animals. With spear grass, digestible dry matter intake declined rapidly from January to April and more slowly from April to October and by mid-March fell below the estimated energy requirements for maintenance of sheep. There was little change in digestible dry matter intake of Townsville stylo between February and May and the level was well above maintenance requirements. Dry matter intake and dry matter digestibility were linearly related but only about 50 per cent of variations in intake were caused by variations in digestibility. Nitrogen balance was linearly related to nitrogen intake, and sulphur balance was linearly related to sulphur intake. Phosphorus intakes were usually less than 1 g P day-l and animals were usually in negative P retention.

scholarly journals 96 Cover Crop Grazing and Backgrounding on Carcass Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
Cathryn N Macaluso ◽  
Richard A Ehrhardt ◽  
Kim Cassida ◽  
Jeannine P Schweihofer ◽  
Erin Recktenwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Compensatory Gain ◽  
Lamb Growth ◽  
Carcass Measurement ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Integration of sheep into cropping systems via cover crop grazing leases has potential to benefit sheep producers with a source of inexpensive, high quality forage. We examined this potential by comparing lamb growth and carcass traits of four rearing systems: grain-finished control (GR), cover crop brassica-finished (CCB), cover crop mixture-finished (CCM), and background on brassica and finished on grain (BK-GR). Dorset x Polypay lambs (n = 60; 3 pens or pastures, 5 lambs each) were blocked by body weight and randomly assigned to treatment. All diets were provided to maximize voluntary dry matter intake. Lambs were harvested after 6 wks of feeding for GR and 8 wks for CCB, CCM and BK-GR (BK-GR = 4 wks brassica then 4 wks grain). Grain-fed lambs (GR and BK-GR, 442 g/d) grew faster than pasture-fed lambs (CCB and CCM, 152 g/d) prior to harvest (Table 1, P &lt; 0.01) and attained greater body mass (HCW), muscling (LEA, EMD), fatness (BF, BWF) and yield grade (all P &lt; 0.05). Growth of pasture-fed lambs declined 38% over time (247 wk 1–4 vs. 152 g/d wk5-8; P &lt; 0.05). Pasture-fed lambs were leaner than grain-fed lambs (BF, yield grade; P &lt; 0.01), yet attained a yield grade 2 average. Background lambs (BK-GR) exhibited a 107% increase in growth when fed grain (232 g/d pasture vs. 481 g/d grain, P &lt; 0.01) and were fatter (BF, P &lt; 0.05) yet had reduced eye muscle depth (P &lt; 0.01) at harvest than GR lambs. Lambs did not differ in growth or any carcass measurement according to pasture type (CCB vs. CCM). We conclude that 8 wks of cover crop finishing produced acceptable carcass weight and finish. Backgrounding on cover crops followed by 4 wks of grain finishing results in marked compensatory gain with lambs achieving the same carcass size and similar qualities to lambs fed only grain.

scholarly journals Amino Acid Absorption Profiles in Growing Pigs Fed Different Protein Sources

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1740
Author(s):  
Jan V. Nørgaard ◽  
Iulia C. Florescu ◽  
Uffe Krogh ◽  
Tina Skau Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Vein Catheter ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The aim of the present study was to determine postprandial amino acid (AA) appearance in the blood of growing pigs as influenced by protein source. Seven growing pigs (average body weight 18 kg), in a 7 × 5 Youden square design, were fitted with a jugular vein catheter and fed seven diets containing wheat, soybean meal, enzyme-treated soybean meal, hydrothermally-treated rapeseed meal, casein, hydrolyzed casein, and a crystalline AA blend with the same AA profile as casein. The latter was not eaten by the pigs, therefore being excluded. Blood samples were collected at −30, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 360 min after a meal and analyzed for free AA. Overall, plasma AA concentrations were highest 60 min after feeding. There were no differences in plasma AA concentration between casein and hydrolyzed casein, but soybean meal resulted in lower AA plasma concentrations compared with enzyme-treated soybean meal at 60 and 120 min after feeding. There were no differences between hydrothermally-treated rapeseed meal and soybean meal. In conclusion, the ingredients could not clearly be categorized as being slow or fast protein with regard to protein digestion and absorption of AA, but soybean meal resulted in a prolonged appearance of plasma AA compared to casein and hydrolyzed casein.

A comparative study of dry matter intake and digestive pool variations in Manchega and Lacaune dairy sheep

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 98-98
Author(s):  
E. Molina ◽  
A. Ferret ◽  
G. Caja ◽  
S. Calsamiglia ◽  
J. Gasa
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Average Body

Manchega (MN) and Lacaune (LC) are two semi-coarse-wooled dairy breeds with similar size but different milk yield, the latter producing twice as much milk as the former (Pérez, 1997). The aim of this experiment was to compare, under the same feed conditions, dry matter intake and performance in late pregnancy and lactation and digestive pools of these two breeds.Twenty-four ewes, 12 per breed, were used in three different periods: late pregnancy (8 weeks), rearing (5 weeks) and milking (7 weeks). At lambing, average body weight was 74.4 vs 78.5 kg, for LC and MN, respectively. Dry matter intake (DMI), apparent dry matter digestibility (DMD), body condition score (BCS) and milk yield (MY) standardized according to Bocquier et al. (1993) were recorded.

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