Antibacterial properties of Carum copticum essential oil against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus isolated from canine dental plaque

Dental caries is amongst the most prevalent oral diseases in both humans and dogs. Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus (mutans streptococci) are the major cariogenic bacteria isolated from dental caries. Since these bacteria generally show resistance to common antibiotics, natural products such as plant essential oils could be a good substitute. For this study, we aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Carum copticum essential oil against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. Twenty canine dental plaque samples were collected and the presence of S. mutans and S. sobrinus in the samples was confirmed using biochemical, culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. The resistance patterns of isolates were determined using a disc diffusion method according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute protocol against the following antimicrobials: chloramphenicol, tetracycline, penicillin, erythromycin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, vancomycin and azithromycin. The antibacterial activities of Carum copticum essential oil were based on the disc diffusion method as well on a determination of the minimum inhibitory (MIC<sub>50</sub>) and minimum bactericidal concentration values. S. mutans and S. sobrinus were isolated in 8 (40%) and 2 (10%), respectively, of plaque samples. Most of these isolates were determined to display multidrug resistance patterns to the eight antibiotics evaluated. Screening of the antibacterial activity of the essential oil indicated that MIC<sub>50</sub> and minimum bactericidal concentration values were 20 µg/ml and 80 µg/ml, respectively, and that the zone of inhibition in the disc diffusion method ranged from 2 to 5 mm for serial concentrations of the essential oil. Based on our results, we suggest that Carum copticum essential oil exerts antibacterial effects against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus and may be a useful treatment for carious lesions with bacterial aetiologies.

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The Citrus reticulata essential oil: evaluation of antifungal activity against penicillium species related to bakery products spoilage

Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.5219/1695 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 1112-1119

Author(s):

Hana Ďúranová ◽

Veronika Valková ◽

Lucia Galovičová ◽

Jana Štefániková ◽

Miroslava Kačániová

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Vapor Phase ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Wheat Bread ◽

Citrus Reticulata ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method

Fungal food spoilage plays a key role in the deterioration of food products, and finding a suitable natural preservative can solve this problem. Therefore, antifungal activity of green mandarin (Citrus reticulata) essential oil (GMEO) in the vapor phase against the growth of Penicillium (P.) expansum and P. chrysogenum inoculated on wheat bread (in situ experiment) was investigated in the current research. The volatile compounds of the GMEO were analyzed by a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC–MS), and its antioxidant activity was determined by testing free radical-scavenging capacity (DPPH assay). Moreover, the disc diffusion method was used to analyze the antifungal activity of GMEO in in vitro conditions. The results demonstrate that the Citrus reticulata EO consisted of α-limonene as the most abundant component (71.5%), followed by γ-terpinene (13.9%), and β-pinene (3.5%), and it displayed the weak antioxidant activity with the value of inhibition 5.6 ±0.7%, which corresponds to 103.0 ±6.4 µg TEAC.mL-1. The findings from the GMEO antifungal activity determination revealed that values for the inhibition zone with disc diffusion method ranged from 0.00 ±0.00 (no antifungal effectiveness) to 5.67 ±0.58 mm (moderate antifungal activity). Finally, exposure of Penicillium strains growing on bread to GMEO in vapor phase led to the finding that 250 μL.L-1 of GMEO exhibited the lowest value for mycelial growth inhibition (MGI) of P. expansum (-51.37 ±3.01%) whose negative value reflects even supportive effect of the EO on the microscopic fungus growth. On the other hand, GMEO at this concentration (250 μL.L-1) resulted in the strongest inhibitory action (MGI: 54.15 ±1.15%) against growth of P. chrysogenum. Based on the findings it can be concluded that GMEO in the vapor phase is not an effective antifungal agent against the growth of P. expansum inoculated on bread; however, its antifungal potential manifested against P. chrysogenum suggests GMEO to be an appropriate alternative to the use of chemical inhibitors for bread preservation.

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Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil of Anvillea radiata Coss. & Dur

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0700200517 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. 1934578X0700200

Author(s):

Fadwa El Hanbali ◽

Ahmed El Hakmaoui ◽

Fouad Mellouki ◽

Lahoussine El Rhaffari ◽

Mohamed Akssira

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Aerial Parts

The essential oil of the aerial parts of Anvillea radiata Coss. & Dur. was examined by GC-MS. Twenty-nine constituents were identified, representing 88.8% of the total. 6-Oxocyclonerolidol (66.6%) and 6-hydroxycyclonerolidol (11.4%) were found to be the major components. The disc diffusion method, used for antimicrobial activity testing, showed that the essential oil had a significant antibacterial activity against all tested microorganisms.

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Essential Oil from Leaves of Lantana canescens and L. lopez-palacii Grown in Colombia

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1100600223 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1934578X1100600

Author(s):

Andrés F. Peralta-Bohórquez ◽

Clara Quijano-Célis ◽

Mauricio Gaviria ◽

Consuelo Vanegas-López ◽

Jorge A. Pino

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Enterobacter Sakazakii ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Germacrene D ◽

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

The chemical composition of the volatile compounds from the leaves of Lantana canescens Kunth (Verbenaceae) and L. lopez-palacii Moldenke grown in Colombia were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. One hundred and thirty-nine volatile compounds were identified in L. canescens, of which the major ones were β-caryophyllene (13.5%), germacrene D (10.3%) and 1-octen-3-ol (8.4%). In the oil obtained from L. lopez-palacii, eighty-three compounds were identified, of which the most prominent were 1-octen-3-ol (24.4%) and β-caryophyllene (15.2%). The in vitro antibacterial activity of the L. lopez-palacii essential oil was studied against three bacterial strains using the disc diffusion method. No antimicrobial activity was found against Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sakazakii and Listeria monocytogenes.

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Screening of the antimicrobial activity of marine sponge extracts from Martinique

10.1101/2021.02.16.431398 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Julie Piron ◽

Jessica Pastour ◽

Niklas Tysklind ◽

Juliette Smith-Ravin ◽

Fabienne Priam

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Staphylococcus Saprophyticus

AbstractMarine sponges are known for their antimicrobial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activity. In this study, the activity of aqueous and ethanoic extracts of 3 sponges from Martinique were tested on 5 bacterial strains: Bascillus cereus (CIP 783), Echerichia coli (CIP 54127), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CIP A22), Staphylococcus aureus (CIP 67.8) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (CIP 76125). The antimicrobial activity of Agelas clathrodes, Desmapsamma anchorata, and Verongula rigida, was demonstrated using the disc diffusion method and by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration. The ethanoic extract of Agelas clathrodes had an inhibitory activity specifically on Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. No activity was observed for the other extracts. Further chemical analyses will be carried out in order to identify the active molecules of these sponges.

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Antimicrobial resistance of non-clinical Escherichia coli strains from chicken in Nsukka, South-east Nigeria.

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v30i1.1840 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 101-106

Author(s):

K. F. Chah ◽

S. C. Okafor ◽

S. I. Oboegbulem

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Sensitivity Tests ◽

Resistance Patterns

This study was carried out to determine resistance profiles of Escherichia coli strains isolated from clinically healthy chickens in Nsukka, southeast Nigeria. A total of 324 E. coli strains isolated from cloaca swabs from 390 chickens were tested against 16 antimicrobial agents using the disc diffusion method. The antibiotics used in the study were: ampicillin (25µg), amoxycillin-clavulanic acid (30µg), gentamicin (10µg), Streptomycin (30µg). cefuroxime (20µg), cephalexin (10µg), nalidixic acid (30µg), ciprofloxacin (5µg), norfloxacin (10µg), ofloxacin (5µg), pefloxacin (5µg), tetracycline (30µg), chloramphenicol (10µg), cotrimoxazole (50µg), colistin (25µg) and nitrofurantoin (100µg).The strains demonstrated high rates of resistance (34.6% 66.1%) to ampicillin, tetracycline, nitrofurantoin, cefuroxime and cotrimoxazole. None of the isolates was resistant to colistin, ofloxacin and pefloxacin. For each antimicrobial agent (except cephalexin), strains from the intensively reared chickens (layers and broilers) displayed higher resistance frequencies than those from the local birds. A total of 49 resistant patterns were recorded for the 228 strains resistant to at least one antimicrobial drug, with AmTeCoS and AmTeCfN being the predominant patterns. Because of the great variation in the drug resistance patterns of the Escherichia coli strains, use of antimicrobial agents in the management of E. coli infections in the study area should be based on results of sensitivity tests.

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Antibacterial Activity of Environmentally Sustainable Polyurethane Based Composites from Castor Oil

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/370334 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 755-758

Author(s):

D. Jeba ◽

K. R. Sheeja

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Castor Oil ◽

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Medical Applications ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Environmentally Sustainable ◽

Potential Activity

In this present work, soft and hard antibacterial polyurethane sheets of different composition have been synthesized from castor oil based polyurethane and which was reinforced with natural and synthetic fibres such as jute, sisal, hemp and glass. The activity of polyurethane sheets and selected antibiotics was evaluated against four bacterial pathogens including Staphylococcusaureus, Streptococcus mutans, E.coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosausing modified disc diffusion method. Among the ten samples, hard polyurethanes displayed potential activity against bacterial pathogens E.coli and Streptococcus mutans. Polyurethane sheets showed the highest activity against E.coli which is comparable with zone of inhibition exhibited by streptomycin. Further studies are needed to improve the polyurethane sheets for medical applications.

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The Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil of Teucrium Stocksianum Subsp. Stocksianum Leaf from Oman

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0600100304 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 1934578X0600100 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abdulkhader Hisham ◽

Nirmal Pathare ◽

Salim Al-Saidi

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽

Streptococcus Species ◽

Teucrium Stocksianum ◽

Test Organisms ◽

Total Oil

The essential oil of Teucrium stocksianum Boiss. subsp. stocksianum leaf grown in Oman was analyzed by GC-MS. Forty seven components amounting to 76.1% of the total oil were identified. The major constituents were α-cadinol (7.6%), β-selinene (6.4%), trans-verbenol (5.9%), caryophyllene oxide (5.7%), α-phellandren-8-ol (5.0%), verbenone (5.0%) and δ-cadinene (5.1%). The antimicrobial activity of the oil was tested against a panel of seventeen bacterial and six fungal strains by the disc diffusion method. The oil inhibited the growth of all test organisms at various levels; however, it showed significant inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species, as well as yeasts. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were also determined.

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Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oil and Methanol Extract ofTeucrium montanum

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1093/ecam/nem108 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (s1) ◽

pp. 17-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Nenad Vukovic ◽

Tanja Milosevic ◽

Slobodan Sukdolak ◽

Slavica Solujic

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Antifungal Effect

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition of essential oil and thein vitroantimicrobial activities of essential oil and methanol extract ofTeucrium montanum. The inhibitory effects of essential oil and methanol extracts ofT. montanumwere tested against 13 bacterial and three fungal species by using disc-diffusion method. GC/MS analyses revealed that essential oil contains mainly δ-cadinene (17.19%), β-selinene (8.16%) α-calacorene (4.97%), 1,6-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-naphthalene (4.91%), caryophyllene (4.35%), copaene (4.23%), torreyol (3.91%), 4-terpineol (3.90%), cadina-1,4-diene (3.39%), β-sesquiphellandrene (3.34%), τ-cadinol (3.12%) and γ-curcumene (3.18%). The essential oil has antibacterial as well as antifungal effect.

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Antimicrobial activity and chemical constitution of essential oil from Moroccan thyme (Thymus satureioides C.) on five microbial contaminants

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb13310975 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 10975

Author(s):

Kamal OULED TAARABT ◽

Rachida OUAABOU ◽

Rachid LAHLALI ◽

Said ENNAHLI

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Optical Rotation ◽

Acid Value ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Aspergillus Brasiliensis ◽

Thymus Satureioides

Antimicrobial preservatives are widely added to health products to prevent microbial contamination. However, because of the risks attributed to several synthetic agents, manufacturers are searching for new natural agents. Therefore, this work investigated the different physicochemical characteristics of one of those natural ingredients, the essential oil (EO) of Moroccan thyme (Thymus satureioides C.) and its antimicrobial potential against five microbial strains. The physicochemical parameters (density, refractive index, optical rotation, miscibility, acid value, ester value, and flash point) were measured and the chemical composition was determined by GC/MS. The antimicrobial activity was assessed using disc diffusion method and a macrodilution broth method. The EO yield was 1.01% compared to the dry matter. Fifty-two compounds were identified. The major compounds were thymol (28.66%), borneol (21.16%) and α- terpineol (12.33%). The disc diffusion method revealed that all the strains tested showed sensitivity to the EO at concentration of 1636 μg per disc. For the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum microbicidal concentrations (MMC), similar results were obtained for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (640 μg/mL), for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (960 μg/mL) and for Candida albicans (800 μg/mL) baring Aspergillus brasiliensis, which had 480 μg/mL and 640 μg/mL for the MIC and MMC, respectively.

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The chemical composition of the essential oil and the antibacterial activities of the essential oil and methanol extract of Teucrium montanum

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc0803299v ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 299-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Nenad Vukovic ◽

Tanja Milosevic ◽

Slobodan Sukdolak ◽

Slavica Solujic

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Disc Diffusion Method

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition of the essential oil and the in vitro antibacterial activities of the essential oil and methanol extract of Teucrium montanum. The inhibitory effects of the essential oil and the methanol extracts of Teucrium montanum were tested against thirteen bacterial species using the disc-diffusion method. GC/MS analyses revealed that the essential oil contained mainly sesquiterpenes, such as ?-cadinene (17.19 %), ?-selinene (8.16 %) and ?-calacorene (4.97 %). The highest activities were obtained with the essential oil of Teucrium montanum against K. pneumoniae, B. subtilis, B. mycoides, E. cloaceae and A. chlorococcum. In addition, comparison of the antibacterial activities of the essential oil and the methanol extract showed that the essential oil exhibited the stronger antibacterial activities.

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