scholarly journals Effect of β-Glucan on cold-stress resistance of striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878)

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 440-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Soltanian ◽  
MN Adloo ◽  
M. Hafeziyeh ◽  
N. Ghadimi
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Striped Catfish ◽  
And Control

These experiments were performed to determine the effects of dietary β-glucan on stress responses of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Fish were fed for nine weeks with a diet containing 0 (control), 0.5% (G1), 1% (G2) and 2% (G3 group) β-glucan. Subsequently, stress responses were studied by evaluating serum cortisol and glucose levels following a constant 24 h cold shock (from 28 °C to 15 °C). Serum cortisol and glucose concentrations were measured after cold treatments of varying durations (prior to, and after one, 12 and 24 h of cold shock stress, respectively). No differences in serum cortisol and glucose levels were found between control and β-glucan-treated fish. However, the mortality rate was significantly lowered in cold challenged fish fed appropriate doses of β-glucan (in G1 and G2 vs. G3 and control group). The results of the present study demonstrate that a proper administrationβ--glucan in the diet could ameliorate the detrimental effects of a severe stress resulting in a reduction in fish mortality.  

scholarly journals Cortisol and glucose responses in juvenile striped catfish subjected to a cold shock

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nabi Adloo ◽  
Siyavash Soltanian ◽  
Mahmoud Hafeziyeh ◽  
Nastaran Ghadimi
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Striped Catfish ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
Rapid Drop

Cold-shock stress happens when a fish had been adjusted to a specific water temperature or range of temperatures and is consequently exposed to a rapid drop in temperature, resulting in a cascade of physiological and behavioral responses and, in some cases, death. In the current study, the stress response of striped Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) was studied by evaluating serum cortisol and glucose level following an abrupt reduction in water temperature (from 28°C to 15°C) at different time points (prior to, and after 1h, 12h and 24h cold treatment, respectively). Regardless of some mortality occurred in cold challenged fish, none of the physiological parameters changed during evaluation period. The results, suggesting that despite of necessity of cortisol and glucose evaluation in any of stress assessment, yet, due to their high variability in different fish species, additional complementary tests such as measurement of other stress hormones e.g. heat shock proteins as well as blood-cell counts (preferably in chronic experiments) should also be included.

Effect of Biofilm of Aeromonas Hydrophila Oral Vaccine on Growth Performance and Histopathological Changes in Various Tissues of Striped Catfish, Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A.A. Mamun ◽  
S. Nasren ◽  
P. B. Abhiman ◽  
S. S. Rathore ◽  
N. S. Sowndarya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Oral Vaccine ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Free Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Striped Catfish ◽  
And Control

Biofilm of Aeromonas hydrophila oral vaccine was evaluated on growth and histopathological features of striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Fish were fed with feed incorporating biofilm (BF) or free cell (FC) of A. hydrophila vaccine at 1010 cells/fish/day for 20 days and basal feed for 60 days. From 30th day onwards, till end of the trial, the mean weight gain (g/fish) was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in BF treated group than both FC and control group. At the end of the study, histopathological changes in gills, liver and kidney were evaluated using haematoxylin eosin technique. The histopathological findings, in BF fed P. hypophthalmus, showed normal architechture of the gills, liver and kidney. However, fishes fed on FC and control group, resulted several histopathological abnormalities in all the organs.

scholarly journals Effect of Diet Supplementation with Quinoa Seed and/or Linseed on Immune Response, Productivity and Meat Quality in Merinos Derived Lambs

Animals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaria Marino ◽  
Mariangela Caroprese ◽  
Giovanni Annicchiarico ◽  
Francesco Ciampi ◽  
Maria Ciliberti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
And Control

In the last years several studies have investigated the strong relation between nutrition and immune response in the livestock production, particularly in dairy cattle and sheep. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation based on linseed, quinoa seeds and their combination on welfare, productivity and quality of meat from merinos derived lambs. 32 weaned lambs were divided into 4 experimental groups: quinoa (Q), linseed (LS) and combination of quinoa and linseed (LS + Q) that received the respective supplementation and control group (C) without supplementation. Lambs from all supplemented groups showed lower plasma urea, creatinine and cholesterol than control. Both linseed and quinoa supplementation enhanced the cell-mediated immune responses of lambs, furthermore, linseed supplementation resulted in the lowest level of cortisol secretion after handling, loading and transport. Meat from lambs supplemented with linseed and LS + Q showed the highest pH, at 1 and 3 h post-mortem, while, meat from all supplemented groups was more tender than meat from control. Results indicated that linseed and quinoa seeds supplementation can help the animal to cope with stressful events due to the close link between stress responses and the immune system and for improving meat quality in terms of better tenderness.

scholarly journals Implications of Aerobic Exercises and Walking Parallel to Diabetes Medications on Diabetic Sportspersons

2021 ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Fehmida Ayub ◽  
Abida Naseer ◽  
Saeed Javed ◽  
Adnan Asghar ◽  
Abd Rahim Mohd Shariff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Spare Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: Diabetes have a central contribution with type I or type II towards the healthy lifestyles of sportspersons. Aerobic exercise and daily walking stay them fit and control their glucose levels in their bloodstream. The aim of this study was to find out the effects of aerobic exercises and walk on the sportspersons of type I and II diabetes. Methodology: The existing research has experimental design itself wherein pre-tests and post-tests were employed to make sure the novelty of results. The data was collected from the diabetic sportspersons dividing them equally into control group (N-20) and experimental group (N-20). Both groups had type I (N-20) and type II (N-20) diabetic individuals. Aerobic exercise and walk protocol was applied for six weeks on experimental group, whereas, control group continued their routine activities. Afterwards, the data was collected through pre and post treatments and edited into SPSS (v-26). The collected data was analyzed through descriptive statistics using frequencies and percentages, whereas, T-test was applied to make the differences of pre and post treatments. Results: The findings has shown that aerobic exercises and walk decrease the higher levels of glucose in blood and enable to stable glycemic balance, weight loss maintenance, decrease insulin resistance, blood pressure decrease, and blood glucose control. Conclusion: The prominent differences were observed between control and experimental groups either type I or type II. It was concluded that the sportspersons may reduce the excessive glucose engaging in aerobic exercises and walk on daily basis rather than using medications. They should spend their happy lives and get rid of medications and insulin through spending their spare time using light exercises and maintain their glucose levels in blood as well.

Effect of dietary magnesium supplementation in alleviating stress associated with road transportation in weaned lambs

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Pye ◽  
R. E. Doyle ◽  
M. A. Friend ◽  
M. S. Bhanugopan
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Road Transportation

Magnesium (Mg) supplementation has shown to modulate the stress responses to transport in other species. An experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of Mg for alleviating stress associated with road transportation in lambs. Two groups (n = 18 each) of 4-month old male crossbred lambs (24 ± 4.5 kg) were fed a basal diet comprising oaten hay, pellets and barley, that contained 0.17% Mg. One group was supplemented with magnesium oxide, such that dietary Mg was 0.41%. At the end of the 2-week supplementation period, the lambs were transported by road for 8 h. Blood samples were collected before supplementation, 1 h before transport, within 0.5 h post-transport, at 2 h post-transport and 5 days post-transport. Data were analysed using a repeated-measure analysis of variance and linear mixed model with treatment within time interaction. Supplementation with dietary Mg in the form of MgO increased serum Mg concentrations (1.16 mmol/L ± 0.012, compared with 1.09 mmol/L ± 0.013 in the control group; P < 0.05), but had no effect on alleviating stress during transportation. Transport resulted in a significant increase in serum cortisol, which returned to pre-transport levels 2 h after transport. The serum β-hydroxybutyrate was significantly higher 5 days after transport. The post-transport average feed intake and the average daily gain were significantly lower than pre-transport values, suggesting that the stress of transportation resulted in a decrease in feed intake post-transport, which could have implications on liveweight gain of animals after transportation.

scholarly journals Physiological stress responses in the warm-water fish matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus ) subjected to a sudden cold shock

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Antonio Kioshi Aoki Inoue ◽  
Gilberto Moraes ◽  
George K. Iwama ◽  
Luis Orlando Bertola Afonso
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Abrupt Decrease ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Exposure To Cold ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Water Fish

The present work evaluated several aspects of the generalized stress response [endocrine (cortisol), metabolic (glucose), hematologic (hematocrit and hemoglobin) and cellular (HSP70)] in the Amazonian warm-water fish matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus ) subjected to an acute cold shock. This species farming has been done in South America, and growth and feed conversion rates have been interesting. However, in subtropical areas of Brazil, where the water temperature can rapidly change, high rates of matrinxã mortality have been associated with abrupt decrease in the water temperature. Thus, we subjected matrinxã to a sudden cold shock by transferring the fish directly to tanks in which the water temperature was 10ºC below the initial conditions (cold shock from 28ºC to 18ºC). After 1h the fish were returned to the original tanks (28ºC). The handling associated with tank transfer was also imposed on control groups (not exposed to cold shock). While exposure to cold shock did not alter the measured physiological conditions within 1h, fish returned to the ambient condition (water at 28º C) significantly increased plasma cortisol and glucose levels. Exposure to cold shock and return to the warm water did not affect HSP70 levels. The increased plasma cortisol and glucose levels after returning the fish to warm water suggest that matrinxã requires cortisol and glucose for adaptation to increased temperature.

scholarly journals Effect of Moderate-Intensity Endurance Exercise on Inflammatory Cytokines in Leukocytes of Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Hae Sung Lee ◽  
Hyun Ju Oh ◽  
Kihae Ra ◽  
Jong-Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Immune Health ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
And Control

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a treadmill exercise on hematological and serum biochemical parameters and the expression of immune-related cytokine genes in leukocytes. For the experiment, six healthy adult dogs were divided into exercise and control groups. The exercise group performed an endurance exercise three times a week for four weeks. Blood samples were collected before exercise, two weeks after exercise, and post-exercise, and hematological and serum biochemical analysis and cytokine gene analysis were conducted. In the exercise group, white blood cell count (WBC), aspartate aminotransferase, serum alkaline phosphatase, and glucose levels were significantly decreased, but there was no change in the control group. The mRNA expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-4 was significantly decreased in the exercise group compared to the control group. There was no difference in IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 mRNA expression between groups. The results in the current study demonstrate that short-term moderate-intensity endurance exercise alters WBC levels and mRNA cytokine expression in leukocytes and may have a meaningful effect on immune health in dogs.

scholarly journals Implementation of teleHealth using SKEDit for protein diet education for diabetes patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Khoirul Rista Abidin ◽  
Eka Riana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

A protein diet is an alternative to control hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia conditions in diabetic patients. However, for the program to run optimally, the implementation of technology in the form of TeleHealth is needed to help educate patients on a regular and flexible basis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of implementing TeleHealth using the SKEDIt application for protein diet education in diabetic patients. Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental study, pre and post-test with a control group. The subjects involved were 20 diabetic patients, divided into 2 groups (intervention and control). Parameters analyzed were lipid profile and blood glucose levels. There was no difference in lipid profile and blood glucose levels between the intervention and control groups (p > 0.05). However, there was a difference between the pre and post-test on cholesterol parameters in the lipid profile examination of the control group: p=0.031 and LDL p=0.021 (p <0.05). Implementation of TeleHealth using SKEDit may be an effective recommendation to support health education methods but needs to be supported by good patient compliance.

scholarly journals Evaluation the preventive effect of Selenium on acute kidney injury following on-pump cardiac surgery

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Hospitalization Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Postoperative Stress ◽  
And Control

Introduction: patients who undergo on-pump cardiac surgery are at risk of acute kidney injury following the operation. This is mainly due to some ischemic events and also pre- and postoperative stress responses which can result in postoperative organ dysfunction. Selenium as an antioxidant may help to reduce the inflammation and subsequent related complications. In this study we tested that if administration of oral Se compliment before and following the on-pump cardiac surgery can reduce the incidence or severity of kidney injury following the operation. Methods: In a randomized double-blind trial we divided the randomly selected patients who were candidate for on-pupm cardiac surgery into two groups of those who received selenium and control group. In selenium group we administrated 500 µg of selenium orally 14 and 2 hours before surgery and every 12 hours postoperatively for 2 days (overall 3000 µg) while the control group received only the routine and standard care. Subsequently patients were closely observed for serum creatinine rise and incidence of post-operative AKI during their hospitalization period in both groups using both Rifle and AKIN criteria separately. Besides, some additional data including: ICU-stay, duration of the operation and need for Blood products during the operation were recorded. At the end, the statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 11.5 software in order to determine any significant difference in case and control group. Results: The study population included 120 patients divided in two equal groups of 60, consisting of 46 (38.3%) males and 74 (61.7%) females with the mean age of 52.8±16.7 years. Both groups were similar regarding the demographics and comorbidities. Also statistics showed no significant difference regarding Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) in both groups. Considering the RIFLR criteria, AKI occurred in 11 (17.9%) patients in selenium group and 13 (21.4%) patients in control group while based on AKIN criteria figures were 17 (28.6%) and 21 (35.7%) in selenium and the control group , respectively. The most frequent stage of AKI among patients was the first stage in both group and the highest rate of AKI occurred in 3-4 days after surgery in both groups. Conclusion: According to our research Administrating oral Selenium was not beneficial in order to prevent AKI after on-pump cardiac surgery.

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