scholarly journals Institutional Possibilities and Limits of Professional Self-Realisation of Researchers under the Innovative Restructuring of Russian Science

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 130-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. U. Ogorodnikov ◽  
E. U. Ruppel
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Institutional Barriers ◽  
State Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction. At a time of global economic, social, cultural and political change, it is particularly important to monitor the sustainability of socially important institutions in rapidly changing spheres. Beyond any doubt, the field of science has a special role to play in innovative transformation.The aim of the present sociological research is to establish the degree of compliance of the personal, collective and institutional levels of innovative restructuring of Russian science with the challenges of an innovative society. The consistency and integrity of functioning of these levels is one of the key conditions for the professional self-realisation of a modern scientist.Methodology and research methods. The methodological basis of the study is the integral individual-system paradigm, which considers the agent of action in the system of rules and resources, limiting the range of choice in the system. Empirical data were collected through an expert semi-formalised survey of researchers in 21 entities of the Russian Federation. The sample (N = 640) consisted of respondents engaged in technical, natural, humanitarian, social and philosophical spheres, higher education system, centres of the Russian Academy of Sciences and state management structures.Results and scientific novelty. The institutionalisation of social practices is represented as a synthesis of the field of individual intentions and rules of interaction established in the social field. At the intersection of these fields, standardised social interaction schemes are being transformed and new behaviours and actions are emerging.The present research for the first time applied a three-level model of institutionalisation of science in an innovative environment, which allowed correlating the personal, organisational and systemic factors of disclosure of the intellectual potential of the scientist. Moreover, this resulted in identifying the existing contradictions between the personal motivation of agents of scientific activity and mechanisms, which structure the work of scientific organisations and the system of indicators of their effectiveness approved by the state. The survey data demonstrated stable motivation of Russian scientists for professional self-realisation and active scientific search, based on personal responsibility, understanding of the social significance of their research, or less frequently based on the membership of a successful team. However, serious institutional barriers have been identified to optimise the working conditions of scientists. The institutional barriers include: the administrative difficulties of establishing strong professional links with production, social and power structures; the lack of opportunities to participate in global scientific discourse; the narrow functionality of scientific organisations as an intermediate link between scientists and the state; the reluctance of expert scientific community to develop the criteria and indicators of the quality of scientific activity; the non-compliance of these indicators with innovative priorities and goals, etc.Practical significance. The research results and proposals can be used to adjust the state policy of the Russian Federation and the principles of management of the organisation in accordance with the innovative priorities of the society.

Respect for the social and economic rights of citizens as an imperative to reduce poverty in the Khabarovsk territory

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
I. I. Chesnitskiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Priority Area ◽  
Regional State ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Social And Economic Rights

The article presents an analysis of the state and problems of implementing the socio-economic rights of population of the Khabarovsk territory as a priority area for reducing poverty. Attention of the authorities was drawn to the situation of poverty in a number of northern municipalities, where the population is experiencing difficulties in realizing their socio-economic rights due to the lack of jobs. Concern was expressed about the socio-economic rights of persons released from the places of deprivation of liberty. The Commissioner for human rights in the Khabarovsk territory, taking into account the study of situation in the region, sets out his vision for solving the problem of reducing poverty in the Khabarovsk territory and makes proposals that, in his opinion, can be used by the regional state authorities to achieve the indicators set by the President of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Regulatory and legal means of ensuring food security and its role in the implementation of national priorities of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 03008
Author(s):  
Nikolay Sarayev ◽  
Svetlana Studenikina
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
State Management ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Characteristics

The purpose of this work is to establish and determine, on the basis of a systematic analysis, the factors influencing the state of food security of the Russian Federation, the problems of legal support of national priorities related to food independence. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the current state of food security in the Russian Federation are closely related to the criteria for the development of the socio-economic system of the state. An important condition for the effective implementation of national priorities is the normative regulation of the toolkit of state management impact on the threats and risks of food independence. To understand the essence of these problems and minimize their consequences, the authors substantiate the need to study the indicated problem within the framework of the concept of legal dementia. Legal dementia is a state of compliance by subjects of law with the provisions of the law, which is characterized by non-fulfillment to one degree or another by state bodies not only of their functions, but also by the inability to respond, due to a low level of competence and professionalism, to factors that weaken the effectiveness of legal guarantees.

scholarly journals Value orientations of the inhabitants of the Arctic territories of Russia in the intergenerational context (on the example of the Arkhangelsk region)

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
K.O. Malinina ◽  
◽  
T.A. Blynskaia
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Value System ◽  
State Management ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
The Russian Federation

Discussed is upon the issue of state management of the socio-economic development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The special role of the Arctic territories in the economic development of our country is noted. The need is indicated to look at the problems of the Russian Arctic from the other side — from the side of human potential, which is one of the driving forces of the economy. The authors present some of the results of a sociological study conducted by them in the Arctic territories of Russia (in particular, in the Arkhangelsk region). The study is devoted to the intergenerational differentiation of value orientations. Its methodological basis, among others, was formed by the scientific views of R. Inglehart and K. Welzel, who believe that the condition that precedes socio-political and economic modernization is the transformation of the value orientations of the majority of the population. The value system, according to scientists, is quite stable within the life of one generation, and therefore, it makes sense to track changes based on the differences between generations. On the basis of the Theory of Generations, a toolkit was developed that makes it possible to identify the parameters of the value system of residents of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) belonging to different generations. The main method for collecting empirical data was a semi-structured in-depth interview with representatives of the selected generations.

scholarly journals State management of scientific and scientific-technical activity in the Russian Federation on the example of the preparation and adoption of the system of scientific specialties

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-410
Author(s):  
V. V. Omel’chenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Management ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article is a further continuation of the work on the review of the foundations of public administration of the use of national resources in relation to the field of scientific and state scientific and technical activities in the Russian Federation. The basic functions of the state management of scientific and technical activity are considered from the system positions, the analysis of the existing legal regulation of preparation and acceptance of system of scientific specialties on which scientific degrees are awarded is carried out, system shortcomings of the approved nomenclature of scientific specialties on which scientific degrees are awarded are revealed. The substantiation of the classification system for “Nomenclature of scientific specialties for which scientific degrees are awarded” is carried out.

scholarly journals The constitution of the Russian Federation and constitutional identity in the context of global changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Vladimirovich Kirichek ◽  
Eduard Anatolievich Kononov ◽  
Golib Nurullo Kodirzoda
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Legal Identity ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Constitutional Identity

Today we are witnesses and participants in a historic event that is very important for Russia – preparation and adoption of amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, reflecting both a legal identity and a vast long-term experience of the constitutional development of the Russian state with due consideration to the opinion of various strata of the population and extensive public discussion. Goal of the research is to show a special role of the Constitution of the Russian Federation from the position of its supremacy in combination with the doctrine of constitutional identity, which is essentially a trend of modern globalization processes, based on the analysis of doctrinal and practical issues, laws and regulations, decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the European Court of Human Rights, and statistical data. The methodological basis of the research consists in the application of both general scientific and special methods developed in jurisprudence. During the research, the following methods of scientific knowledge played a special role: dialectical, historical, comparative law, statistical, logical, etc. A number of conclusions were drawn concerning, on the one hand, the development of a legal potential of the Constitution of the Russian Federation being a determining vector in preventing socio-political destabilization, and on the other hand, constitutional identity, in the broadest sense shown in the desire to know and formulate the own national, religious and other identities, to follow traditional family values, etc., and at the state level – prevention of violation of territorial integrity, state sovereignty, acknowledgement of constitutional and legal identity of the state.

scholarly journals INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICES AS A TOOL FOR ANALYSIS OF ACHIEVING THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (44) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
S.A. Petrova ◽  
◽  
G.N. Grigor’yants ◽  
I.A. Yasinskaya ◽  
Yu.A. Aleksentseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Independent Assessment

The relevance of an independent assessment of the quality of the conditions for the delivery of services (IAQ) as a tool for assessing the state of the social sphere is determined by the ability to use it to identify the expectations of a modern consumer, his needs, to detail shortcomings in the delivery of services and develop measures to eliminate them. Independent assessment acts as a form of public control, contributing to the development of civil society, allowing to eliminate problems and improve the system of providing services in the social sphere. The aim of the study is to consider the potential of using IAQ in solving problems of public administration. The research methods used in the work serve as a significant empirical base based on the results of monitoring studies of the implementation of IAQ in the regions of the Russian Federation based on surveys of government representatives and citizens who receive services, as well as on the basis of information provided on the official website for posting information about state (municipal) institutions bus.gov.ru, and have a formal and logical component in terms of conducting a comparative analysis of regulatory sources, using analytical methods of functional and statistical analysis. The choice of research tools was determined by the presence in the current database of the functioning of the IAQ from the moment of its creation in 2013 to the present. The analysis of the results of an independent quality assessment made it possible to identify key shortcomings in the social sphere, the structure of problems that are most often found in the regions and their relationship with the main directions of socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. According to the results of the study, the hypothesis was confirmed that the incorporation of an independent assessment into the system of executive authorities, which allows to quickly obtain objective data on the state of the social sphere, makes it possible to put its results into practice aiming to analyze the achievement of national goals and ensuring the socio-economic development of Russia. The use of the results of the IAQ to increase the validity and efficiency of management decisions to improve the activities of public organizations for officials of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and representatives of public organizations responsible for their development, allows for a comprehensive impact on improving the quality of life of the population.

scholarly journals LEGAL REGULATION OF THE COURT WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF JURORS AS A COMPONENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
N.A. Dudko ◽  
A.R. Pruss
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Legal Literacy ◽  
The Social ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Jury Trials ◽  
The Russian Federation

The implementation of the idea of sustainable development implies the implementation by the State of aset of measures in the social and political spheres of society. Indicators of progress towards achieving this goalare the level of realization of citizens «rights and freedoms, the development of legal culture, legal literacy, aswell as the formation of the rule of law State and civil society and dialogue between them. One way of suchinteraction between the State and society in the Russian Federation is through jury trials. Despite the longperiod of existence of this social and legal institution, its legal regulation is not stable and is carried out inthe absence of the concept of development developed by the legislator. The next changes proposed in 2020will affect the jurisdiction of the crimes to the court with the participation of jurors. In this regard, issues ofregulatory and legal regulation and organization of the activities of the jury court continue to be of scientificinterest and are relevant. The authors studied normative and legal acts, opinions of scientists on this issue,statistical information and court practice. On the basis of their analysis and taking into account practicaldata, proposals have been formulated to further improve the legal basis of the jury court as a component ofthe sustainable development of the Russian Federation.

“IT IS HARD TO DIE WITH THE UNDESERVED ‘COUNTER-REVOLUTIONARY’ STIGMA”. THE REFLECTION OF REPRESSIONS IN THE COMPLAINTS OF PRISONERS AND THEIR RELATIVES ABOUT RETRIAL, 1938–1939

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-45
Author(s):  
Ekaterina M. Mishina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Origin ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Part Structure ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Ordinary Citizens

The article is dedicated to the texts of the complaints of prisoners and their relatives about an unfair conviction during the NKVD “kulak” operation. They are stored in the investigative cases of the repressed Muscovites in the State Archives of the Russian Federation. The complaints have a three-part structure with the “true” (according to the complainants) motives of conviction (slander, actions of the investigator), arrest reasons and their relationship with each other, and the arguments proving human innocence. The author analyses the differences in the understanding of the reasons of repressions in the texts of the prisoners and their relatives. The convicts realized a clear connection between the social origin and the fact of arrest, their relatives did not consider that reason to be significant and believed that labor merits were more important than the origin. Their petitions are more biographical, the convicts themselves paid considerable attention to the explanation of each official charge. The relatives more often believed in the “mistakes” of the NKVD while conducting arrests, the prisoners explained the repression as a revenge of the colleagues or neighbors. The mass terror was only intuitively recognized by the complainants; they transferred the responsibility for it onto ordinary citizens – the “snitches” and investigators who fabricated the cases.

THE NONPROFIT SECTOR ROLE AND IMPORTANCE IN THE SOCIAL STATE DEVELOPMENT: TO THE QUESTION OF NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS SPECIAL LEGAL STATUS

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
Roman Valerevich Zelepukin
Keyword(s):  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Nonprofit Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation

We consider the theme of the nonprofit organizations special legal status development in the context of the role and importance of the nonprofit sector in the state social policy. Along these lines, we note the characteristics essence of the Russian state as a social one. We disclose nonprofit organizations special administrative and legal statuses: socially oriented nonprofit organizations, performers of socially useful services, social service providers. The characteristic of dynamics of the legislation establishing the revealed statuses is given. We analyze the conditions and procedure for obtaining these statuses. Thus, we note a wide approach developed in law enforcement practice to the recognition of the activities of nonprofit organizations as socially oriented. We note the nonprofit organizations recognition conditions as executors of socially useful services, as well as the legal consequences implementation problems of obtaining this status. We substantiate public services performers differentiation necessity and social services providers. Some statistical data are given; also we summarize the state policy measures on interaction with the nonprofit sector as a whole, and on the involvement of nonprofit organizations in the sphere of social services. These measures are noted in the President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation acts analysis. We highlight and describe the development and adoption process of the draft Federal law “On the state (municipal) social order for the provision of state (municipal) services in the social sphere”, its advantages and disadvantages. To conclude this study, we consider that the state is interested in cooperation with the nonprofit sector, which was embodied and detailed in the identified special status of nonprofit organizations; also we note the prospects for further development of the identified status.

Wages in the Russian Federation: status, problems, areas of improvement

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
N. V. Firov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Wage System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Enterprise Level ◽  
The Russian Federation

The state of wage systems at the enterprise level, in the sectoral and regional aspects is considered. The main problems arising from the current situation in the wage system are formulated, its influence on the social and economic differentiation of society is shown, the main directions of development are revealed.

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