scholarly journals Ameliorating Effects of Different Extracts of Culinary Mushroom Species on the Production Performance of Healthy and Eimeria Infected Commercial Broiler Birds

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Hot Water ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Inoculation Study ◽  
Eimeria Infection ◽  
Mushroom Extracts

In this research, three edible mushroom species including Pleurotus (P.) ostreatus, P. sajor-caju and Lentinus (L.) edodes were processed for hot water, methanolic and polysaccharide extracts. These extracts were administered to commercial broiler birds. Production performance was determined as weight gains and feed conversion ratios (FCR) in healthy birds on weekly basis. Further, groups were subjected to oral Eimeria infection and weight gains were monitored from days 4 to 12 post inoculation. Study revealed significantly higher (P < 0.05) weight gains in experimental groups given different mushroom extracts during 4th, 5th and 6th weeks of experiment in comparison to control. Feed conversion ratios observed in the control groups were significantly higher (P < 0.05) as compared to experimental groups especially methanolic extracts of all three mushroom species during 5th and 6th weeks of the experiment. After Eimeria inoculation, weight gains of the experimental groups given different mushroom extracts were significantly higher (P < 0.05) on 10th, 11th and 12th day. Results concluded that aqueous, methanolic and polysaccharide extracts of P. ostreatus, P. sajor-caju and L. edodes had potential to improve the production in healthy birds and may also enhance the weights in commercial broiler birds suffering from Eimeria infection. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

scholarly journals Efficacy of exogenous phytase supplementation on production performance of commercial broiler

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
E Parvin ◽  
MA Khatun ◽  
T Yeasmin ◽  
MM Sharmin
Keyword(s):  
Basal Diet ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Diet Control

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementing of exogenous phytase enzyme on productivity of commercial broilers. Four strains of commercial broiler such as Fast feather, Arbor acres, Cobb-500 and Hubbard classic each having 78 numbers were reared for a period of 5 weeks. A total number of 312 day old broiler chicks were distributed into two dietary treatments i.e. basal diet (Control-T0) and basal diet supplemented with phytase enzyme 1g/kg feed (supplemented-T1). The results indicated that broilers fed on diets supplemented with phytase have gained more body weight when compared with control group (P<0.05). The first and second highest body weights were recorded for the strains Cobb-500 and First feather broilers, respectively, which feed on diet containing phytase.   Feed consumption varied significantly between the broilers on different dietary regimes. Significant differences (P<0.01) were found in feed conversion ratios among the birds fed on diet with phytase enzyme. The lowest feed conversion ratio was in Cobb-500 fed on phytase diet where as the highest was in Fast Feather provided with only basal diet during the 5th week of age. Average feed conversion ratios were 1.73 and 1.86 for the supplemented and control group respectively. Use of phytase as feed additive in the diet resulted in high profitability/ broiler. Net profit per live broiler was the also higher in treatment group compared with control groups of birds. The highest net profit per live broiler was observed in Arbor Across strains fed on phytase diet. The result of the present study suggests that the addition of dietary phytase enzyme in the diet of broiler may increase the production performance and reduce the cost of production.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (3): 31-39

scholarly journals The Effect of Mushroom Extracts on Human Platelet and Blood Coagulation: In vitro Screening of Eight Edible Species

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Poniedziałek ◽  
Marek Siwulski ◽  
Adrian Wiater ◽  
Iwona Komaniecka ◽  
Anna Komosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
The One ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Mushroom Extracts

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading global cause of mortality indicating the need to identify all possible factors reducing primary and secondary risk. This study screened the in vitro antiplatelet and anticoagulant activities of hot water extracts of eight edible mushroom species (Agaricus bisporus, Auricularia auricularia-judae, Coprinus comatus, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceus, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus eryngii, and Pleurotus ostreatus) increasingly cultivated for human consumption, and compared them to those evoked by acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). The antioxidant capacity and concentration of polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, organic acids, ergosterol, macro elements, and trace elements were also characterized. The most promising antiplatelet effect was exhibited by A. auricularia-judae and P. eryngii extracts as demonstrated by the highest rate of inhibition of adenosine-5′-diphosphate (ADP)-induced and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced aggregation. The response to both extracts exceeded the one evoked by 140 µmol/L of ASA in the ADP test and was comparable to it in the case of the AA test. Such a dual effect was also observed for G. lucidum extract, even though it was proven to be cytotoxic in platelets and leukocytes. The extract of P. ostreatus revealed an additive effect on AA-induced platelet aggregation. None of the mushroom extracts altered the monitored coagulation parameters (prothrombin time, prothrombin ratio, and International Normalized Ratio). The effect of mushroom extracts on platelet function was positively related to their antioxidative properties and concentration of polysaccharides and ergosterol, and inversely related to zinc concentration. The study suggests that selected mushrooms may exert favorable antiplatelet effects, highlighting the need for further experimental and clinical research in this regard.

scholarly journals Effect of BioPlus YC Probiotic Supplementation on Gut Microbiota, Production Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality of Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1581
Author(s):  
Artur Rybarczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Bogusławska-Wąs ◽  
Alicja Dłubała
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of probiotic bacteria Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis on microbiological properties of feed mixtures and on the digestive tract content as applicable to production traits and carcass characteristics of fatteners. The experiment was performed on 83,838 fatteners from four successive (insertions) productions in two groups. From the seventy eighth day of age till marketing to the slaughter plant, the pigs were supplied with BioPlus YC probiotic (Chr. Hansen) in the amount of 400 g/t. The preparation contained a complex of probiotic bacteria Bacillus licheniformis DSM 5749, and Bacillus subtilis DSM 5750 spores in a 1:1 ratio. From the fourth insertion, after reaching a body weight of approximately 112 kg, 60 fatteners were selected from each group to measure carcass quality and half of them for meat quality evaluation. Moreover, microbiological analyses in feed and colon were performed. The study showed that BioPlus YC probiotics supplementation resulted in a significantly higher count of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis in the feed, a higher count of B. subtilis, B. licheniformis and LAB, as well as a lower count of Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, Clostridium and Bacillus sp. in the mucosa and in the colorectal content of the test pigs. Our work has shown that supplementation with the BioPlus YC probiotic had a positive effect on the production traits of pigs mainly by reducing mortality (2.83%, p = 0.010), lowering feed conversion ratio—FCR (2.59 kg/kg, p = 0.013), better average daily gain—ADG (0.95 kg/day, p = 0.002) and shorter fattening period (77.25 days, p = 0.019) when compared to the control group (4.19%; 2.79 kg/kg; 0.89 kg/day; 92.8 days, respectively). The addition of the specific Bacillus bacteria did not influence carcass and meat characteristics of the test fatteners.

Insulin secretion, body composition and pig performance are altered by feeding pattern

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Newman ◽  
Jeffery A. Downing ◽  
Peter C. Thomson ◽  
Cherie L. Collins ◽  
David J. Henman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Entire Male

Three studies investigated the effect of feeding strategy on production performance and endocrine status of growing pigs. For Experiment 1, 20 entire male pigs (70.0 ± 4.6 kg) were allocated randomly to individual pens in one of four climate-controlled rooms. Pigs were fed for 23 days either ad libitum or entrained to feed bi-phasically for two 90-min periods. For Experiment 2, 20 entire male pigs (41.2 ± 3.5 kg) were housed as per Experiment 1. Pigs were fed for 49 days either ad libitum or fed bi-phasically for two 60-min periods. For Experiment 3, 100 female pigs (66.1 ± 3.5 kg) were randomly allocated to individual pens within a commercial piggery and fed for 42 days either ad libitum or bi-phasically for two 60-min periods. Ear vein catheters were inserted into 10 pigs from each group and hourly blood samples were collected for 24 h in Experiments 1 and 2 and for 11 h in Experiment 3. Plasma insulin, non-esterified fatty acid and glucose concentrations were determined in Experiments 1 and 2, and glucose and insulin concentrations in Experiment 3. Feed intake and performance were recorded in all experiments and carcass composition was assessed by computed tomography for Experiment 2. There were no differences in final liveweight between the two treatment groups for all experiments. Pigs fed for two 90-min periods (Experiment 1) showed no difference in feed intake when compared with feeding ad libitum. Pigs in Experiment 2 fed for two 60-min intervals consumed 2.49 kg/pig.day compared with those fed ad libitum that consumed 2.68 kg/day (P = 0.057). In Experiment 3, pigs fed twice daily consumed 2.82 kg/pig.day compared with 2.91 kg/pig.day in ad libitum-fed pigs (P = 0.051). Bi-phasic fed pigs in Experiment 2 had improved (P < 0.05) feed conversion efficiency compared with pigs fed ad libitum. For all experiments, there was no difference in plasma glucose concentrations between the two treatments. In all three experiments, the circulating insulin concentrations for pigs fed ad libitum remained at a constant level throughout the sampling period. However, plasma insulin concentrations for the bi-phasic fed pigs significantly increased ~1 h after both feeding periods during all three experiments. Insulin secretion of pigs fed for two 90-min periods differed from that of pigs fed for two 60-min periods. Plasma insulin concentration increased five-fold following feeding for 60 min, compared with that in pigs fed for 90 min, which increased two-fold. Bi-phasic-fed pigs from Experiment 2 had reduced (P < 0.05) total carcass fat and significantly increased muscle when compared with pigs fed ad libitum. The data showed that feeding pigs at two succinct periods aligned insulin secretion to the time of feeding. Pigs fed for 60 min, unlike those fed for 90-min intervals, had reduced feed intake in comparison to those fed ad libitum. This may suggest that the duration of the feeding bout is important for this response and this may in turn influence both energy balance and the way energy is partitioned.

The Effect of Adding Thyme vulgaris and Cinnamomun zeylanicum on production performance and some blood traits in broiler chicken

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
GALIB A.M. AL-KASSIE
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Poultry House ◽  
Stress Coefficient ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mean Time

This experiment was carried out at poultry house, college of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad university,Which lasted 42 days, to by adding Thymus vulgaris the used part (Leaves, Steams and Flowers) andCinnamomum zeylanicum the used part (bark) to the concentrate diet for the experimental period for 6 weeks.The study was aimed to find out the effect of thyme or cinnamon on productive, physiological blood traits ofbroilers by using 150 unsexing Arbor Acres chicks at the age of one day. These chicks were randomly dividedinto five group equally (30 chicks each). Each group was subdivided into two equal subgroup. And fed on thefollowing ration.1-The first group was fed on ordinary diet kept as a control group.2- The second group was fed on the same ration by adding 0.5% of thyme.3- The third group was fed on the same ration by adding 1% of thyme.4- The fourth group was fed on the same ration by adding 0.5% of cinnamon.5- The fifth group was fed on the same ration by adding 1% of cinnamon.The feeding period for all groups lasted 42 days, the results revealed that There is an improving inperformance traits for all treated groups compared with control group. However, the chicks fed 0.5% thymeshould better in weekly gain period feed conversion efficiency than those fed 1% thyme. In the mean time thechicks fed 1% cinnamon should significantly higher in weekly gain and fed conversion efficiency then those fed0.5% cinnamon.However, by adding thyme or cinnamon to diet cause an improving in blood traits compared with thecontrol group. The best improving in white blood cell, were obtained in the chicks fed 1% cinnamon and theyshould significantly low better stress coefficient.

​Effect of Hydrilla verticillata in Feed on Production Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Thai Native Chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Boonkeaw ◽  
W. Ngampongsai ◽  
N. Preuksa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Native Chicken ◽  
Native Chickens

Background: Producing Thai native chickens through feed commercial is costly. To reduce the cost, native chicken could be fed with local plants or agricultural waste. Hyrrilla verticillate, a dominate macrophyte in Songkhla Lagoon, contain high crude protein and nitrogen free extract. Therefore, this research studied the use of Hydrilla verticillate in Thai native chicken diet on production performance, carcass characteristics and production cost. Methods: The experiment was executed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 180 one-day-old commercial Thai native chicks. Four dietary treatments supplemented with 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% Hydrilla verticillata were formulated for three different phases of the experimental chickens: starter (1-4 weeks), grower (5-8 weeks) and finisher (9-12 weeks). Two chickens from each replicate were chosen for the carcass characteristics study. Result: During the starter phase, there was no notable effect shown among the chickens fed with the diet containing Hydrilla verticillata in terms of feed intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG) (P greater than 0.05). The control chickens had best feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P less than 0.05), while the grower and the finisher periods, provided with different levels of Hydrilla verticillata, revealed no apparent differences (P greater than 0.05) concerning FI, BWG and FCR. Considering carcass characteristics, there were significant differences in live weight (LW) (P less than 0.05). But, no significant differences between treatments for hot carcass percentage, pectoralis majors, pectoralis minorstrip, thighs, wings, drumsticks and total edible carcass (P greater than 0.05). There were also statistical divergences regarding gizzard weight (GW) (P less than 0.05).

Effects of dietary oil palm, plantain and Calopogonium spp. leaves on performance and sensory values of rabbit meat

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
J.N. Ingweye ◽  
J. Mfon ◽  
G.A. Kalio ◽  
F.I. Ologbose
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Better Than

Performance and organoleptic indices of rabbits fed plantain, oil palm and calopogonium leaves was assessed using 48, eight weeks old bucks. They were allotted to four groups of 12 animals and three replicates of four animals each. Group A (control) was fed calopogonium leaf while groups B, C, and D were fed plantain leaf, oil palm leaf, and 50% oil palm + 50% plantain leaves, respectively. Animals consumed fixed amount of commercial pellets while forages and water were given ad libitum. Completely randomized design, one-way analysis of variance was used. Proximate analysis of pellets and forages as well as feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were assessed. At the end of the experiment, meat from one rabbit per treatment was used for sensory evaluation by 20 semi-trained panelists using 7-point hedonic scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Significant means were separated using Least Significant Difference. Crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract, nitrogen free extract and ash contents of the leaves ranged from 25.11±1.50 (calopogonium) to 4.90±0.92 (oil palm), 38.40±2.12 (oil palm) to 15.38±0.07 (plantain), 9.71±0.01 (plantain) to 2.30±0.01 (oil palm), 47.80±0.56 (oil palm) to 32.27±0.02 (calopogonium) and 11.93±0.02 (plantain) to 2.99±0.01 (oil palm), respectively. Groups A and B had the highest (p<0.05) final weight and weight gains while groups A, B and C had the highest (p<0.05) forage intake. Feed conversion ratios of groups A and B were better (lower) than others. Forages had no effect on meat colour and texture. Groups B and D meats tasted better than others. Group D meat aroma was better than those fed single forages. Meats from groups C and D were the juiciest while meats from groups A, C and D were the most acceptable. Consideration of final weights, weight gains, feed conversion ratio and taste of meat would require that plantain leaves be used to feed meat rabbits. Keywords: Organoleptic indices, Dry season feeding, Forage

scholarly journals Comparative Study On The Productivity And Profitability Of Commercial Broiler, Cockerel Of A Layer Strain And Cross-Bred (Rir × Fayoumi) Chicks

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Sarkar ◽  
SD Chowdhury ◽  
MH Kabir ◽  
PK Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Target Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Maximum Profit ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Live Bird

An experiment was conducted to compare the productivity and profitability of commercial broiler, cockerel and cross-bred (F1 RIR ? × Fayoumi ?) chicks up to target body weights of 850, 1000 and 1250g. Two hundred sixteen birds of 3 genotypes each of 72 birds having 18 chicks in each replication were considered. Commercial broiler starter diet was fed to experimental birds ad libitum. Similar care and management were provided to birds of all treatment groups. Commercial broilers attained the target weights of 850, 1000 and 1250g at the age of 21, 24 and 28 days respectively whereas cockerels attained weights close to those targets at 56, 63 and 74 days respectively and in the case of cross-breds, the days were 63, 77 and 90 for those target weights respectively. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was best in broilers, followed by cockerels and cross-bred chicks respectively. The highest mortality (8.3%) was found in cross-bred group when reared up to target weight of 1250g. The mortality of broiler was 1.4% and no bird was died in cockerel group. Broiler was most profitable (21.11 Tk/kg live bird) at the target weight of 1250g whereas profit from cockerel varied little (21.78, 21.07 and 21.63 Tk/kg live bird against the target weights of 850, 1000 and 1250g respectively) amoung target weights. Therefore, appropriate weight to market these birds was at 850g to minimize the risk of diseases and other management works. Marketing of cross-bred chicks was most profitable (8.43 Tk/kg live bird) at 850g target weight and loss was incurred when rearing was continued up to 1250g. On the basis of results of productivity, it was concluded that commercial broiler, cockerel and cross-bred chicks could be reared upto 28, 56 and 63 days respectively to reach target weights close to 1250, 850 and 850g respectively to obtain maximum profit.? DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v37i2.9886 BJAS 2008; 37(2): 89-98

scholarly journals Metabolizable energy levels in diets with a fixed nutrient: calorie ratio for free-range broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 4009-4022
Author(s):  
Thiago Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
◽  
Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza Nascimento ◽  
Charles Kiefer ◽  
Luanna Lopes Paiva Copat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Deposition

The present study proposes to examine the effect of dietary levels of metabolizable energy, under a fixed nutrient:calorie ratio, on the production performance; body fat and protein deposition; and carcass characteristics of free-range broilers from 1 to 84 days of age. Nine hundred unsexed chicks were allocated to six treatments in a completely randomized design with six replicates of 25 birds each. Treatments consisted of diets with varying levels of metabolizable energy (2700, 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100 and 3200 Kcal ME/kg of diet) and a fixed proportion of nutrients relative to the energy level according to the nutritional requirements for each rearing phase. Body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, production viability, metabolizable energy intake, protein intake, lysine intake, body fat deposition, body protein deposition and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and, later, to regression analysis. Increasing levels of metabolizable energy, coupled with a fixed nutrient:calorie ratio, reduced feed intake, increased body weight and weight gain, improved feed conversion and did not affect carcass characteristics. In conclusion, adjusting the nutrient supply according to the dietary energy level improves production performance by improving feed conversion, ensuring adequate nutrient intake and preserving fat and protein deposition in the carcass when the metabolizable energy level is raised up to 3200 Kcal/kg in all rearing stages.

scholarly journals UTILIZATION OF MARINE FUNGAL Nodulisporium sp. KT29 METABOLITES TO IMPROVE THE PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF MARINE CULTURE OF WHITE SHRIMP

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Fazril Saputra ◽  
Dinamella Wahjuningrum ◽  
Kustiariyah Tarman ◽  
Irzal Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Growth Rate ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Marine Culture

<em>This study aimed to determine the best dose of administration of marine fungal <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Nodulisporium</span> sp. KT29 metabolites to improve the production performance of marine culture of white shrimp. The experimental animals used were white shrimp <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Litopenaeus</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">vannamei</span> post larvae 12, which were reared in the sea using floating net cages with a stocking density of 700 post larvae/net. Experimental design used was a completely randomized design consisting of 3 treatments with 3 replications; control without the administration of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Nodulisporium</span> sp. KT29 metabolites, dietary of feed containing <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Nodulisporium</span> sp. KT29 metabolites at doses of 20 mL/kg of feed and 40 mL/kg of feed. The results showed that survival rate, absolute length growth, weight gain, daily growth rate and feed conversion ratio in treatment groups were better than the control (P&lt;0.05). The administration of marine fungal <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Nodulisporium</span> sp. KT29 metabolites at a dose of 20 mL/kg of feed could improve the production performance of white shrimp cultivated in the sea with survival rate, daily growth rate and feed conversion ratio: 66.61±6.94%, 20.18±0.39 %/day and 3.20±0.22, respectively.</em>

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