scholarly journals Knowledge and awareness of cervical cancer, its screening and HPV vaccination among out patients in a tertiary care institute in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4437
Author(s):  
Devi Balasubramaniam ◽  
Kavitha Yogini Duraisamy ◽  
Sangeetha Karunanithi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Indian Women

Background: Cervical cancer, despite being a preventable disease, its screening and vaccination still remains poor in our country. The aim of our study was to assess the knowledge and awareness regarding cervical cancer, its risk factors, screening and HPV vaccination.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out among outpatients attending gynaecology OPD in GEM hospital and Research Centre, a tertiary care centre in Tamil Nadu during the period of April 2019 to June 2019. A total of 500 women, aged 16 years and above were analyzed using a structured questionnaire with multiple choices regarding socio demographic profile, knowledge and awareness about the cervical cancer, its risk factors, screening method and HPV vaccination.Results: Only 16.6% knew that cervical cancer is the most common cancer in Indian women. Majority (74.6%) of them were married, of which 36.2% were aware of Pap smear. Of those who were aware, only one third (12.6%) had their Pap smear done. The awareness of HPV vaccination was only 25% and 3.4% of them were vaccinated. 70.2% of the study participants were willing to be vaccinated after knowing about the vaccination.Conclusions: This study serves to highlight that, the majority of women lack knowledge and awareness concerning cervical cancer and its preventive aspects. This is a major hindrance among Indian women to undergo early screening and timely prevention. Hence creating public awareness of cervical cancer and its prevention is still a priority. 

scholarly journals Knowledge attitude and practices about cervical cancer among urban women working in BPO in Chennai, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1252
Author(s):  
Nilofur Banu ◽  
Azarudheen S.
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Urban Women ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Worldwide cervix cancer ranks fourth place among all the cancer affecting women and commonest cause of death due to cancer among women in developing countries. Business process outsourcing sector in India is a relatively new industry with each growth there is also various negative health issue emerge among people working in those sectors some risk factors associated with ca cervix. Aim of the study was to knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) toward cervical cancer, HPV vaccination and screening practice among urban women working in BPO in Chennai.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among urban women working in a BPO in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. A face-to-face interview was conducted using a structured questionnaire by the team leader who was train to interview before starting the study.Results: Among 155 female study participants only 46% of the respondents knew about cervix. Among the study participants who knew about cervix and cervical cancer, internet (26%) and TV/Radio (26%) were the most common source of information. Only 4% of respondent heard of Pap smear and none of them had undergone it. Similarly, only 3.73% of the respondents knew about vaccines that are available for Cancer Cervix.Conclusions: The findings of study will help us in planning focused health measures about CA cervix and its prevention strategies .Health awareness will play a vital role in reducing risks of casualties caused by diseases like cancer Cervix.

scholarly journals Cervical cancer: a hospital based KAP study among women aged 18 years and above in Northern India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1628
Author(s):  
Rajiv Kumar Gupta ◽  
Parveen Singh ◽  
Bhavna Langer ◽  
Rashmi Kumari ◽  
Pawan Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Adequate Knowledge

Background: Cervical cancer is known for its late detection due to a variety of reasons chiefly lack of knowledge, undesirable attitudes and poor practices. Early screening and adequate knowledge about the disease remains the important safe guards against this disease. The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the women aged 18 years and above regarding cervical cancer visiting a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: The present cross sectional hospital based study was conducted in Jammu city, Jammu and Kashmir, India. All the women aged 18 years and above visiting OPD of gynaecology-obstetrics department of Government Medical College Jammu and willing to participate were administered a pretested questionnaire to collect the relevant data.Results: It was found that 91.56% of the respondents had heard of cervical cancer with 83% reporting that it was both preventable as well as curable. Multiple sex partners were the most important risk factor identified. Among the attitudes, 62% agreed that screening was harmless to the client. Only one third knew about the availability of preventive vaccine. About 83.6% of them had never been screened by Pap smear. However willingness to get HPV vaccination was found to be high.Conclusions: Though knowledge among the respondents was found to be adequate but it lacked transformation into attitudes and practices. In this connection, authors recommend health promotion campaigns to educate women and the community about cervical cancer and its preventability through screening.

scholarly journals Assess the prearrest risk factors among patients with in hospital cardiac arrest in a tertiary care teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2395-2402
Author(s):  
Akila Devi A ◽  
Sundaresan S ◽  
Kanniammal C
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

This study focused on the prearrest risk factors among patients with in hospital cardiac arrest. This was a prospective study with 50 cardiac arrest patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria by using a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected on patient characteristics, pre-arrest factors with 18 years of age or above with an IHCA at the SRM General Hospital and Research Centre, Tamil Nadu from March 2019 to March 2020. Demographic variables categorized by frequencies with their percentages. Association was framed between demographic variables and Prearrest risk score was determined using pearson chisquare test. 72% patients were men and 28% patients were women. 28% were in the age group of 51-60 years and around 50% patients were Obese. Patients with Myocardial Infarction were 84%. Metabolic and electrolyte abnormality were 90%, Arrhythmias were 62%, Diabetes Mellitus were 62% had an increased risk score to develop cardiac arrest than other patients with Renal problems, Heart failure, Sepsis, Pneumonia, Metastasis/ Hematologic Malignancy, Depression, Hepatic Insufficiency. Early identification of prearrest factors should be encouraged to prevent cardiac arrest and to reduce the death rate in line with evidence-based studies.

scholarly journals Cervical Pap smear study and its utility in cancer screening in patients attending out-patient department in a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3521
Author(s):  
Paridhi Garg ◽  
Shweta Mishra ◽  
Pragati Divedi
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Pap Screening ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the major causes of mortality among women worldwide. By simple pap screening test cervical cancer and its precursor lesions can be detected and treated early. The aim of the study was to determine and analyze Pap smear reports from women presenting with various gynaecological indications in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at Rama Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Hapur over a period of 6 months. Patients with various complaints between ages 21 to 70 years were screened during August 2020 to January 2021 by taking Pap smear using Ayres spatula. Total 330 patients were studied.  Slides were reported according to the 2014 Bethesda system.Results: Maximum number of cases were in the age group 31-40 years constituting 32.72% of the total cases followed by age group 41-50 years. Vaginal discharge was the commonest chief complaint seen in 32.12% cases followed by menorrhagia. Maximum number of cases reported as non-specific inflammatory smears (64.54%). Among epithelial cell abnormalities incidence of LSIL was 2.42% followed by ASCUS (1.82%).Conclusions: Pap smear testing is an economical, non-invasive and simple OPD procedure to detect potentially precancerous and cancerous lesions of cervix. It should be established as a routine screening procedure to reduce the treatment burden, morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Cervical Cancer Elimination by 2030: The “SMASH” Strategy of Raj © A Global Public Health Treatise

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajamanickam Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Dna Test ◽  
Hpv Dna

Cervical cancer is a leading cancer among women, being the second most gynecological cancers in the developing countries, accounting for about 6 million new cases every year and 3.5 million deaths. The Cervical cancer is easily detectable by simple screening tests, like visual inspection methods, pap smear examination, and the recent HPV DNA test methods. If the precancer conditions are diagnosed, treatment can be done by ablation or excisional methods. The women can be followed by periodic cervical biopsy examinations, ideally once in 6 months for 3 years. If, at the end of 3 years, there is no evidence of cervical precancer, then the women will not develop invasive cancer stages. The HPV vaccination of adult and adolescent girls, offer more than 90% protection against Cervical Cancer. Thus, Cervical cancers are early detectable, effectively treatable and successfully preventable. The author, having been the Principal Investigator for one of the largest Cervical Cancer Screening programs in India, atAmbillikai, Tamil Nadu, India, during 2000–2007, which was in collaboration with the International Agency for Research on Cancer – IARC / WHO. The program was successful in reducing the Incidence Rate of Cervical Cancer by 25% and Mortality Rate due to Cervical Cancer, by 35% in a span of 5 years. From the experiences of this “Proof of Concept” project, the author has advocated, “SMASH” strategy of Raj©, for Cervical Cancer Elimination by 2030, which is deliberated in detail, i n this chapter. Hope that, this will serve as a Global Public Health Treatise, for the health care planners and providers in particular and the community at large, worldwide.

scholarly journals Colposcopy in evaluation of suspected cervical cancer: a prospective, observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3432
Author(s):  
Ashwini Sudhir Desai ◽  
Shruti Panchbudhe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Histopathological Analysis

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women according to World Health Organization. In India the incidence is approximately 1 in 53 compared with 1 in 100 women in more developed regions of the world. Cervical cancer is eminently preventable by early detection using various screening tests like Pap smear, colposcopy, HPV testing. In this study we aim to evaluate the use of colposcopy in early detection of cervical cancer and also assess risk factors for the same. Primary objective was to study the correlation between colposcopic findings and histopathological analysis with a secondary objective to assess risk factors for development of cervical neoplasia.Methods: The study was carried over a period of 2 years (October 2016 to October 2018) with a sample size of 60 in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at tertiary care centre. Participants who fit the inclusion criteria were included in the study after taking a written and informed consent. The colposcopy findings were correlated with the histopathological findings of the cervical biopsy that was undertaken.Results: Colposcopy impression had sensitivity of 93.8% in predicting the histopathology, specificity was 77.3%, positive predictive value was 60%, negative predictive value was 9% and the diagnostic accuracy was 81.7%. On analyzing the risk factors, it was found that the odds of malignant histopathology were 0.55 times decreasing with each unit increase in age (at first intercourse) (p value<0.05).Conclusions: Colposcopy gives immediate and accurate results and its value as a diagnostic test is undisputable.  The sensitivity of colposcopy is high and hence in high risk population or remote places where women do not turn for regular screening tests, colposcopy can be used primarily as the screening test.

scholarly journals Awareness and Attitude to the Risk of Cervical Cancer and Screening Method Among Women in the Najran Region of Southern Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majed Saeed Alshahrani ◽  
Salem Ali Alatef Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pap Smear Screening

Abstract Introduction:The aim of this study was determined the level of awareness among women regarding risk factors for cervical cancer and screening methods, their sources of information, and general attitudes toward Pap smear screening tests and human papilloma virus vaccination.Method:A cross-sectional interviewer administered an electronic questionnaire among women in Najran City during the period from March 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.Result: A total of 3,387 women participated in this study and the response rate was 100%. Less than 10% of the participants had good awareness and 70% had poor awareness about the risk factors for cervical cancer. In terms of the major barriers to taking the Pap smear test among married women, 968 (56.7%) had no knowledge of the test and 338 (19.85%) considered it unnecessary. Significant predictors of the level of awareness about cervical cancer and Pap smear testing were identified as the age of women, occupation, family history of cancer, monthly income (P < 0.001) and education level (P = 0.003).Conclusion: we detected a lack of awareness about risk factors for cervical cancer and the benefits of early detection among women in this region. Healthcare providers should implement policies or programs for cervical cancer screening and vaccination throughout all primary healthcare centers.

scholarly journals Cervical cancer screening and prevention: how aware is the Indian woman?

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Trapti M. Saxena ◽  
Aditi J. Upadhye ◽  
Jayshree J. Upadhye
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indian Women

Background: Carcinoma of the cervix is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. It is the commonest cancer among Indian women. Awareness regarding cervical cancer and its prevention is quite low amongst Indian women. The Pap test is a simple and cost-effective technique for early diagnosis of cervical cancer.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in the months of September and October 2018. We included 200 women between 30 and 60 years of age.Results: In present study, out of 200 respondents, 160 (80%) respondents got married after 21 years of age while 40 (20%) respondents got married below 21 years of age. 148 (74%) respondents had 2 children, 30 (15%) respondents had one child while 22 (11%) respondents had 3 children. 166 (83%) had heard about cervical cancer, 24 (12%) knew that cervical cancer can be cured if detected in early stage while only 10 (5%) knew that it can be prevented. 54 (27%) respondents knew that pap smear test should be done as screening test to detect cervical cancer in early stage while 22 (11%) respondents knew about HPV vaccine as preventive measure.Conclusions: In present study, though women have heard about cervical cancer, proper knowledge was very less. Also, awareness about HPV vaccine and Pap smear was less. There is need for proper information and facilities for pap smear and HPV vaccination.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengetahuan tentang Kanker Serviks pada Wanita Dewasa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasya Hana Nadhifah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Preventative Measure

Cervical cancer is a very dangerous disease and is still a serious problem world-wide. It is estimated that there are approximately 500,000 new cases every year which mostly occur in developing countries. Cervical cancer incidence in Indonesia was continues to increase and the majority of sufferers are detected at an terminal stage. It can be prevented and detected early if womens have a good knowledge and awareness of early detection. This study aimed to know about knowledge, behavior of early detection by Pap smear, and HPV vaccination and the incidence of cervical cancer. This study was attended by 12 respondents in the Ciracas area, East Jakarta. The results of this study show how far respondents know about cervical cancer to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. The knowledge that will be assessed in this study is how far the public's knowledge about the causes, symptoms, and risk factors of cervical cancer. In addition, in our study we will also assess how far they know about HPV vaccination as a preventative measure and pap smear as a step in early detection of cervical cancer.

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