DEVELOPMENT OF EXPORT OF HIGH-TECH AND INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Elena E. Gredasova
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Government Support ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Support For Innovation ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
International Ranking

The article discusses the main criteria for classifying goods, works, services as innovative products and (or) high-tech products, the necessary economic efficiency of using these products, the existing measures of state support for innovation in the sectors of the economy. In order to consider goods, works or services high-tech, they must be produced or rendered by high-tech organizations using the latest technological equipment, technological processes and technologies, and with the participation of highly qualified personnel. The author researches the interpretations in the scientific literature and the legislative base of the concepts of «high-tech», «science-intensive» and «innovative products», analyzes the dynamics of exports by product groups and analyzes the level of highly qualified personnel based on the international ranking by countries. The author developed and formulated proposals on amendments to the regulatory framework in order to develop the export of high-tech and innovative products. The author made a conclusion that the analysis of the structure of incomes by export items shows that it is necessary to develop new directions, to provide government support in the form of subsidies in order to increase the level of their competitiveness in international markets.

scholarly journals ДУАЛЬНА ОСВІТА ЯК ПРОГРЕСИВНА ФОРМА ЯКІСНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ФАХІВЦІВ ДЛЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА АЕРОКОСМІЧНОЇ ТЕХНІКИ

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Олег Євгенович Федорович ◽  
Юлія Олександрівна Лещенко ◽  
Ксенія Олегівна Западня
Keyword(s):  
High Tech ◽  
New Order ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Integer Optimization ◽  
Learning Path ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Production Orders

The problem of using a new form of dual education training to provide high-tech developing production with new qualified personnel from graduates of technical universities is being developed and solved. The solution to the main problem is presented in two stages. At the first stage, the possible directions of development and modernization of high-tech production of innovative products are analyzed. To choose the direction of development of the enterprise, a database of existing and promising orders, which affect the competitiveness of aerospace products has been developed. For this purpose, a method based on a precedent approach is used. The new order portfolio requires of highly qualified specialist training. Therefore, the competency requirements of specialists who must meet the portfolio of modernized production orders are analyzed. The set of competencies of university graduates does not always match the requirements of employers. Therefore, at the second stage of the study, the choice is made of those dual education methods (distance learning, virtual education, master classes, etc.) that allow bringing the knowledge of graduates to the competencies of employers. Dual education is used for this purpose, taking into account the possible individual learning path for each student. The activities are presented in a combined presentation and include various learning tools. As a result of individual training, each university graduate must receive a set of competencies that meet the requirements of the employer. A precedent database is being formed that contains indicators of competitiveness of products with new requirements for the competencies of university graduates. The costs related to dual training are being optimized. Lexicographic ordering of variants and integer optimization are used as mathematical models of research. It is advisable to use the proposed approach in the tasks of preparing of highly qualified specialists for the implementation of innovative projects to create competitive products.

scholarly journals Insights of professional activity at the stage of professionalization

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 07008
Author(s):  
Svetlana Zholudeva ◽  
Irina Ulybysheva
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Specific Character ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Dynamic Development ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
The Subject

Specific character of a dynamic development of economy and society place demands on new highly-qualified personnel of any sphere professional activity, especially the sphere connected with interaction with people who have modern high-tech skills. Demands’ changes on the subject of professional activity brings on a qualitative restructuring of professionalization’s process, that facilitates an integration of educational and professional spheres with a conceptional, technological and theoretical supporting. Successful professional activity depends a lot upon a successful period of early professionalization that is impossible without proper provided insights of a profession. This article shows the results of an empirical study regarding the analysis of peculiarities of professional ideas of pre-service teachers. A specific attention is given to the problem of study of professional activity ideas effect at the stage of early professionalization, which changes during the period of ideas’ transformation concerning professional activity and career building that is caused by the changes in the essence of professionalization from a socio normed event into an individual work of professional aimed at self-determination and self-actualization in profession.

scholarly journals PRECONDITIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1(63)) ◽  
pp. 260-267
Author(s):  
I.N. Sarajeva ◽  
N.I. Nosova
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
International Markets ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
Technological Entrepreneurship ◽  
Improvement Of Legislation

The article is analyzed the existing innovation potential of enterprises in Ukraine in the light of international ratings. It is shown that its level is quite sufficient for the development of technological entrepreneurship and the formation of entrepreneurial ecosystems. At the same time, in Ukraine there is no effective state policy that contributes to the formation of an innovative business infrastructure. Financial, tax, credit incentives for the development of innovation and technology transfer are not working. Mechanisms of protection of intellectual property are inefficient. The system of supporting venture financing is not developing; there are no incentives for attracting private business funds to carry out research and development. Certain structural elements of the innovation system exist, for example, technoparks, venture companies and others, but they are a set of rather heterogeneous elements and therefore generally do not play a significant role in the implementation of innovative projects. The main guidelines of the State and regional policy should be: improvement of legislation in the field of innovative entrepreneurship and mechanisms for its financing, encouraging the opening of small innovative enterprises in universities, the formation of new infrastructure components of the innovation system, in particular, services to promote innovative products to international markets; development of investment and management consulting institutes in the sphere of innovative entrepreneurship, stimulation of stable demand for high-tech products and on the innovative companies with all their developments and intellectual property.

ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL AS THE BASIS KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE ENTERPRISES

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
O. A. RYABKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Competitive System ◽  
Management Personnel ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

To build an innovative economy, it is necessary to take into account the factors that affect this criterion. One of these factors is the quality of training of highly qualified personnel in engineering and management professions. Technological re-equipment of the industry requires the production of high-tech products that will become the backbone of the new, innovative economy of Russia. Thus, the need for a competitive system of training personnel who will participate in the formation of such an economy in the conditions of modernization of industries, transition to the sixth technological order is increasing. Engineering and management personnel combine both knowledge of science and technology (technical means) and the basics of management in relation to production and technological systems.

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-TECH PRODUCTION IN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
N. B. GOLOVANOVA ◽  
◽  
O. A. RYABKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Constant Attention ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Basic Resource ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Modern Technologies

The article analyzes the priority tasks in the development of high-tech industries in the Russian Federation. There is a need to develop the digital economy, create a high-performance export-oriented sector that develops on the basis of modern technologies and is provided with highly qualified personnel. There is a need to identify promising centers of specialization in high-tech sectors of the economy and concentrate measures to support them. The article emphasizes the need to stimulate cluster formations in competitive sectors of the regional economy as an effective mechanism for interaction between large business and technological small and medium-sized companies. The basic resource for the development of high technologies is defined, namely, the human resource potential, which requires constant attention of regional authorities.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF SYSTEMIC PROBLEMS COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR INCREASING THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF STATE CORPORATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Л. А. Эльгукаева ◽  
А. С-А. Муртазаева
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Design ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Federal State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Systemic Problems

Последние двадцать лет было предпринято немало усилий для активизации инновационной деятельности в стране. Тем не менее, статистические материалы ФСГС РФ свидетельствуют, что ожидаемые результаты в виде значимого роста инновационной составляющей ВВП и объемов реализации российских инновационных продуктов на международных рынках так и остались нереализованными. Бесспорно, все это актуализирует необходимость поиска современных подходов, точек роста инновационного развития. В первую очередь, речь идет о государственных высокотехнологичных корпорациях. Именно в них создаются новые знания, появляются новые компетенции, развиваются прорывные производственные технологии и др. Для мировой экономики характерно циклическое развитие, активный рост всегда сменяется стагнацией, кризисом. Вместе с тем, даже во время острейшего кризиса путем трансформации структуры экономики и рынка можно получить дополнительные возможности для экономического рывка и захвата новых рынков для своих продуктов. Очевидно, что все это сопряжено с решением комплекса задач: корпорациям необходимо оптимизировать свой организационный дизайн, реализовать эффективное стратегическое управление, направленное на укрепление позиций на соответствующих рынках, наращивать конкурентные преимущества и т. п. Over the past twenty years, a lot of efforts have been made to spur innovation in the country. Nevertheless, the statistical materials of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation indicate that the expected results in the form of a significant increase in the innovation component of GDP and the volume of sales of Russian innovative products in international markets remained unrealized.Undoubtedly, all this actualizes the need to search for modern approaches, points of growth for innovative development. First of all, we are talking about state high-tech corporations. It is in them that new knowledge is created, new competencies appear, breakthrough production technologies are developed, etc.The world economy is characterized by cyclical development, active growth is always replaced by stagnation, crisis…At the same time, even during the most acute crisis by transforming the structure of the economy and the market, you can get additional opportunities for an economic breakthrough and capture new markets for your products.It is clear that all this is associated with solving a set of tasks: corporations need to optimize their organizational design, implement effective strategic management aimed at strengthening positions in the relevant markets, increase competitive advantages, etc. All this prompted us to take up the stated research topic.

scholarly journals Adaptability and Self-Organization of the Doctoral Training System

2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
T. A. Starshinova
Keyword(s):  
Training System ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Doctoral Training ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Modern System ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The University ◽  
Additional Education

Training of highly qualified personnel for science, education and industry is an important factor in the formation of a high-tech economy. The modern system of doctoral training does not always cope with its tasks. Enhancing the efficiency of doctoral training can be associated with an increase in adaptability and self-organization. The adaptation of the pedagogical system to changing conditions should be considered in a broad sense, while its fitting to students’ features is a special manifestation of this property. It is necessary to work out two mechanisms of its adaptation – passive and active. Passive adaptation means adjusting to changing external conditions (including a new law), changing in the systems of an adjacent and higher levels. Active adaptation involves the influence on other subsystems of the university educational environment, such as master’s school, additional education (retraining and advanced training of professors), the scientific and pedagogical personnel attestation system (dissertation councils), research departments. Such adaptation can take place according to the model of expanding influence, simultaneously at two levels – personal (subject-subjective) and organizational and managerial. Self-organization is considered as one of the most important features of the system adaptability and a condition for its successful functioning.

scholarly journals StartUp projects development

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Liubov HANAS ◽  
Oleh DOROSH ◽  
Roksana PRYVEDA ◽  
Iryna PLISH
Keyword(s):  
High Tech ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Innovative Potential ◽  
Idea Formation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Break Even Point

Introduction. A significant trend of modern business has become the rapid spread of startups - a special organizational structure aimed at developing and implementing high-tech and innovative products. Purpose. The main purpose of the article is to analyze startup activity both in Ukraine and abroad. Results. The innovative potential of Ukrainian startup projects can be determined by analyzing statistics. The rating is given on the Startup Ranking service. Ukraine ranks 43rd in the number of startups in this ranking. The US has not lost its leadership position since 2016. With 243 successful startups, Ukraine has not made it to the Top 20 and has a large gap between leading countries (four thousand successful startup projects). With a slight margin, Ukraine is ahead of countries such as Norway, Kenya and so on. This means that Ukrainian founders need to work better on projects, because too many startups do not approve or fail. A number of mistakes are made at the stage of idea formation. However, part of the fundamental setbacks occur from the moment of investor search for startup. Therefore, the main reasons for the closure of startups in Ukraine and abroad can be identified: incorrect determination of the level of demand for a startup idea, lack of management experience, lack of clear plans of activities (strategic and current), bureaucracy, poor location, limited funding and lack of funds for the implementation of the startup idea, lack of calculations for determining the optimal price and break-even point, badly formed advertising campaign, lack of mechanisms for promoting the startup idea, problems of interaction with invest tors, organizational problems, untimely release or release of a defective product / service. Conclusions. Ukraine has significant innovative potential for startups, including highly-qualified engineering resources, and creates the appropriate infrastructure and ecosystem around startups. As a result, the number of startups receiving international recognition and receiving funding from foreign investors (Ugears, Senstone, SolarGaps, PassivDom, CruiseBe, Effa, Cardiomo, Helko Smart Dumbbels, Picolor, Petcube etc.) is growing.

scholarly journals Innovation Activities of Modern Enterprises of the High-Tech Sector of the Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 660-665
Keyword(s):  
Added Value ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Student Survey ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Instrument Making ◽  
High Tech Sector ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Product Output

According to some national and foreign researchers, businesses can be conditionally referred to the high-tech sector of the economy today, for example in terms of such an indicator as amounts of costs (in excess of the established level) for research and development (R&D) in relation to the product output volume, added value or to the amount of basic production factors. In the current environment, businesses of the high-tech economic sector (which is an indicator of the development of countries in the field of high technology) face one of the challenges — to increase the level of innovation activity. The article describes some factors that influence the innovation activity of the high-tech businesses (in particular, instrument-making businesses) in Russia. The higher engineering and technical education problems the existence of which affects the availability of highly qualified personnel of modern enterprises have been studied, and the student survey results are provided.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF GARMENT ENTERPRISES AS A FACTOR OF THEIR COMPETITIVENESS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Ternova
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Light Industry ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Industry Creation

The article analyzes the main indicators of innovation activity of industrial enterprises of Ukraine for 2014–2019. It is established that the share of expenditures on own research and development is consistently low, without showing a clear downward trend. It is shown that foreign trade in light industry goods in Ukraine is not balanced, as imports predominate over exports, which leads to an outflow of funds that can be spent on innovative development of the industry, creation of new high-tech jobs and training of highly qualified personnel. The annual deterioration of innovation indicators of light industry enterprises was revealed, which was caused by a low share of innovation-active enterprises in their total number, as well as a small share of innovative products in the total volume of light industry products. The number of innovatively active industrial enterprises by areas of innovation in 2014–2019 in terms of economic activities is analyzed. It is established that the highest indicator of expenditures on internal scientific developments in general in the industry of Ukraine, in processing and light industry was observed in 2016, the lowest – in 2019. Expenditures on external research in the industry as a whole ranged from 30.3 to 56.6% in relation to the expenditures on internal developments during the study period. The indicator for the processing industry is slightly lower (from 29.1 to 45.3%) and very low for the light industry (from 14.3 to 36.4%). It should be noted that in 2015, 2017 and 2019, external R&D was not carried out). The analysis of expenditures on innovations of industrial enterprises by areas of innovation in 2014–2019 showed that for all articles in light industry they are insignificant, and in some years either there is no data on them at all, or the data are not published. Factors that negatively affect the ability of light industry enterprises and garment enterprises in particular to carry out innovative activities (low innovative potential of industrial enterprises; lack of information on new technologies, lack of information on markets and lack of opportunities for cooperation with other enterprises and organizations). Some ways of development of innovative business for Ukrainian garment enterprises are indicated.

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