Effects of Adding Natural Blends of Kaolin and Spices on Broiler Performance, Meat and Bone Quality

Background: The aim is to compare the effectiveness of 3% of natural preparations mixtures based on kaolin associated with garlic, ginger and/or their mixture on the performance, the cutting yield, carcass and bone qualities of broiler. Methods: 192 one-day-old Cobb 500 chicks were assigned to 04 groups of 48 four-replicate chicks (C: without addition; Kgar: 3% kaolin-garlic; Kgin: 3% kaolin-ginger and Kgg: 3% kaolin-garlic-ginger). Result: Results showed that the mixtures significantly improve body weight and feed efficiency at 42 days, with nonetheless a more marked effect for the Kgar group (BW: +4.5%; FCR: -5.5%). In addition, still in favor of the Kgar group, the same tendency was recorded for the yield of chicken ready-to-cook (+3.2%; P=0.02) accompanied by enhanced breast and thighs yields. In terms of quality, the mixtures significantly impacted the meat conservation criteria by reducing water-holding capacity by almost 50% and less abdominal fat deposition. Finally, although not significant, the indicators of bone quality measured (ash content and seedor index) appear better in chickens receiving mixtures. The results of this study show the interest of adding a mixture of kaolin and condiments in improving broiler performance, meat quality and bone characteristics.

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Association of residual feed intake with growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and blood variables in native chickens

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa121 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Lei Yang ◽

Xiaolong Wang ◽

Tingting He ◽

Fengliang Xiong ◽

Xianzhen Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Native Chickens ◽

Blood Variables

Abstract Improving feed efficiency is a primary goal in poultry breeding strategies. Residual feed intake (RFI) in chickens typically calculated during the growing period is a measure of feed efficiency that is independent of the level of production. The objective of this study was to evaluate phenotypic correlations of growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and blood variables with RFI in growing native chickens. A total of 1,008 chickens were selected for the experiment to derive RFI. After the RFI measurement period of 42 d, 25 chickens with low RFI values, 25 chickens with medium RFI values, and 25 chickens with high RFI values were selected. The RFI was significantly positively correlated with feed conversion ratio and average daily feed intake, while it was not significantly correlated with initial body weight (BW), final BW, average daily body weight gain, and metabolic BW0.75. The abdominal fat weight and yield of high RFI group were significantly greater than those of medium and low RFI groups, and the abdominal fat yield was significantly positively correlated with RFI. Moreover, the plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) content of low RFI group was significantly greater than those of high and medium RFI groups. The plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone, triiodothyronine (T3), and cortisol of high RFI birds were significantly greater than that of low RFI birds. RFI was significantly positively correlated with plasma concentrations of T3 and cortisol, while it was significantly negatively correlated with plasma concentration of IGF-1. In addition, the serum levels of glucose and triglyceride of high RFI birds were significantly lower than that of low RFI birds. The serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) content of high RFI group was significantly greater than that of medium and low RFI groups, and it was significantly positively correlated with RFI. Our data suggested that selection of chickens with low RFI values may be beneficial to reduce fat deposition in native chickens without affecting the meat quality. Circulating IGF-1, T3, cortisol, and LDL-C concentrations can be used as indirect selection indicators of feed efficiency in native chickens. The effect of IGF-1, T3, cortisol, and LDL-C on feed efficiency of native chickens should be carefully examined and validated in future breeding programs.

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Effect of dried Bacillus subtilis culture on growth, body composition and hepatic lipogenic enzyme activity in female broiler chicks

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19950155 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 523-529 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

U. Santoso ◽

K. Tanaka ◽

S. Ohtani

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Body Weight ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Control Group ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Lipogenic Enzyme ◽

Treatment Groups

To investigate the effect of dried Bacillus subtilis culture on growth, body composition and hepatic lipogenic enzyme activity, female broiler chicks were fed on either no additive (control) or dried B. subtills-culture-supplemented commercial diets (215 g crude protein/kg, 12.85 MJ metabolizable energy/kg) at 10 or 20 g/kg diet for 28 d from 14 to 42 d of age. Body weight, and moisture, fat, protein and ash contents of the body were not influenced by the B. subtilis culture. Feed efficiency. N utilization, the ratio of abdominal fat or liver to body weight, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (EC 6·4·1·2) activity, liver and serum cholesterol contents were significantly lower in treatment groups, while fatty acid synthetase activity and serum cholesterol concentration were not significantly different, compared with the control group. Liver triacylglycerol concentration was decreased in chicks given 20 g culture·kg diet, while serum and carcass triacylglycerol concentrations were significantly lower in treatment groups than in the control group. Serum phospholipid concentration was increased but carcass phospholipid concentration was decreased in chicks given 20 g B. subtilis/kg diet, while liver phospholipid concentration was not significantly influenced. The advantages of inclusion of B. subtilis to the broiler diet included improved feed efficiency, less abdominal fat, reduced triacylglycerol concentrations in the liver, serum and carcass and reduced cholesterol concentrations in the liver and carcass.

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Aluminosilicates at different levels in rye litter and feed affect the growth and meat quality of broiler chickens

Veterinary Research Communications ◽

10.1007/s11259-021-09827-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mirosław Banaszak ◽

Jakub Biesek ◽

Marek Adamski

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Protein Content ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Management Practice ◽

Water Holding Capacity ◽

Group 3 ◽

Water Holding ◽

Group 1

AbstractLitter sanitation treatments and feed supplements that stimulate bird growth. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of zeolite (z) and halloysite (h) in feed and rye straw litter on growth performance, meat quality in chickens. 500 males Ross 308 were allocated to 5 groups (10 replicates). Feed for groups 2–5 was supplemented with halloysite and zeolite (25:75). The content of aluminosilicates in the feed was different depending on the feeding phase: 0.5, 1, 1.5, or 2%. The following doses were used in litter: 2, 0.800 kg/m2 h; 3, 0.400 kg/m2 h and 0.400 kg/m2 z; 4, 0.800 kg/m2 z; 5, 0.200 kg/m2 h, and 0.600 kg/m2 z. Growth, and meat quality were analysed. Body weight and body weight gain were higher in groups 2–5 than in group 1, while feed intake was lower in groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.05). Body weight, the weight of carcass, and most of its elements were higher in the experimental groups (p < 0.05). Breast muscles from group 1 were characterised by better water-holding capacity and higher protein content, while those from 4 had higher content of collagen and water (p < 0.05). Breast muscles from group 3 were characterized by lower yellowness than in 2 (p < 0.05). Leg muscles from group 1 were characterized by lower redness than in 4 (p < 0.05). Water-holding capacity was better in group 3 and protein content was higher in 2 (p < 0.05). The content of fat in leg muscle was lower in all experimental groups compared to control (p < 0.05). This indicates the suitability of aluminosilicates in poultry management practice, with better growth and meat quality.

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INTERACTION OF STRAIN, DENSITY AND RATION WITH TWO LIGHT SYSTEMS ON BROILER PERFORMANCE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas71-081 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 613-619 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

R. B. BUCKLAND ◽

H. C. GASPERDONE ◽

D. B. BRAGG

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Continuous Light ◽

Light Treatment ◽

Broiler Performance ◽

Intermittent Light ◽

Floor Space ◽

Bird Density ◽

Average Body ◽

Average Body Weight

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of continuous and intermittent (1 hr on and 3 hr off) light treatments and the influence of strain, density and ration on performance of broilers maintained on each light treatment. Three thousand and six hundred broilers of two strains were grown with 0.093 m2 and 0.047 m2 of floor space per bird in experiment 1. Three thousand broilers from one strain were grown with 0.093 m2 of floor space per bird in experiment 2; 600 birds were fed each of five test rations. Body weight, mortality and feed efficiency were calculated in both experiments and slaughter grade was determined in experiment 1. Birds grown on intermittent light had lower mortality and better feed efficiency than those on continuous light. Average body weight at 7 weeks of age was not significantly different for the two light treatments; however, significant interactions were observed for strain × light, density × light and ration × light. Light treatments did not affect the percentage of grade A carcasses at slaughter. Strain and ration had a significant effect on 7-week body weight, as did bird density, in that birds maintained at 0.093 m2 were heavier and had a higher percentage of grade A carcasses than birds at 0.047 m2.

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Effects of Dietary Protein Under High Ambient Temperature on Body Weight, Breast Meat Yield, and Abdominal Fat Deposition of Broiler Stocks Differing in Growth Rate and Fatness

Poultry Science ◽

10.3382/ps.0740968 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 74 (6) ◽

pp. 968-975 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

A. CAHANER ◽

Y. PINCHASOV ◽

I. NIR ◽

ZAFRIRA NITSAN

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Body Weight ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

High Ambient Temperature ◽

Breast Meat ◽

Meat Yield ◽

Breast Meat Yield ◽

Abdominal Fat Deposition

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Body conformation, carcass composition and physicochemical and sensory properties of meat from pheasants of different origin

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/5564-cjas ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 57 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 115-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

D. Kokoszyński ◽

Z. Bernacki ◽

Ł. Duszyński

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Sensory Properties ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

Body Measurements ◽

Leg Muscles ◽

Body Conformation ◽

Similar Body ◽

Water Holding

Mongolian × Versicolor and common pheasants were investigated. Birds were kept in a confined, environmentally controlled facility without outdoor access and fed ad libitum commercial diets for slaughter pheasants. Body weight was determined at the end of 6, 10 and 13 weeks of rearing, and body weight and body measurements were determined in 16-week-old pheasants. At 16 weeks, 20 pheasants were taken from each genetic group for slaughter. After slaughter, pH<sub>15</sub> of muscles was determined and carcasses were dissected. Samples of breast and leg muscles were collected to determine water holding capacity, colour, and sensory properties of meat. Compared to common pheasants, Mongolian × Versicolor hybrids were characterized by similar body weight and body measurements except for length of trunk with neck in females. The carcasses of Mongolian × Versicolor pheasants of both sexes contained more breast muscles, leg muscles, skin with subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat. Differences in the values of these traits were not significant. Significant differences in the composition of carcasses from the groups under comparison were only found for the content of skin with subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat content in females, which were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) in Mongolian × Versicolor females. The leg muscles had significantly higher pH<sub>15 </sub>in Mongolian × Versicolor females and significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) redness (a*) in males. Compared to the common pheasants, the breast muscles of Mongolian × Versicolor pheasants received lower scores for aroma and tenderness and higher scores for taste, whereas leg muscles had higher scores for intensity of aroma and taste, and lower scores for taste and tenderness.    

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IMPROVED FEEDING VALUE OF SASKATCHEWAN-GROWN BARLEY FOR BROILER CHICKENS WITH DIETARY ENZYME SUPPLEMENTATION

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas88-140 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 1253-1259 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

H. L. CLASSEN ◽

G. L. CAMPBELL ◽

J. W. D. GROOTWASSINK

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Dietary Treatment ◽

Chick Growth ◽

Mixed Feed ◽

Broiler Performance ◽

Nutrient Density ◽

Feeding Value

Nine barley samples representative of cultivars grown throughout Saskatchewan were fed with dietary β-glucanase supplementation (Aspergillus niger) as mixed feed to broiler chickens. Experiment 1 compared barley diets with or without enzyme addition for broilers from 0 to 21 d, while exp. 2 involved comparison of broiler performance to market weight (0–42 d) when fed enzyme-supplemented barley diets or a wheat/corn-based diet. In exp. 1, chicks fed barley diets with the enzyme additive gained more weight and converted feed more efficiently than those given diets without the enzyme (P < 0.01). Variability among barley diets, as indicated by chick growth and feed efficiency, was reduced by the addition of the enzyme. In exp. 2, broilers consuming barley with dietary enzyme were lighter than their wheat/corn-fed counterparts at 21 and 42 d (P < 0.05). Body weight gain from 21 to 42 d was not significantly affected by dietary treatment. Feed-to-gain ratio was higher for barley-fed broilers (P < 0.05) in comparison to birds fed the wheat/corn diet, reflecting the lower nutrient density of the barley diets. Key words: Broiler chickens, barley, β-glucanase

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Carcass and meat quality of primiparous sows as related to the lactation period of 21 or 28 days and to body weight loss

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201281030257 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. 257-262

Author(s):

Jolanta Kapelanska ◽

Salomea Grajewska ◽

Maria Bocian ◽

Hanna Jankowiak ◽

Wojciech Kapelanski

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Carcass Quality ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Weight Losses ◽

Lower Protein ◽

Water Holding

The study included 70 primiparous sows nursing piglets for 21 days and 30 sows nursing piglets for 28 days. Body weight of the sows was recorded at mating, farrowing, weaning and slaughter. The assessment covered the degree of sow body weight loss and its influence on carcass and meat quality as related to the lactation period and to the extent of lactation body loss below 5%, from 5 to 10% and over 10% of body weight. Carcass quality as well as physicochemical meat traits were also subjected to evaluation. Extending the nursing period from 21 to 28 days increased the average lactation body weight loss from 7.88 to 8.50% (P ≤ 0.01). This did not influence the carcass quality in any noticeable way; nonetheless, some meat traits did yield less favourable results. These were related to the electric conductivity of the meat as well as its water holding capacity and colour (P ≤ 0.01). The same undesirable tendency was observed in the group of sows with body weight losses exceeding 10%. It resulted in the decrease of backfat thickness (P ≤ 0.01) and reduction of certain meat traits, particularly lower protein content (P ≤ 0.05). Lower carcass fatness of primiparous sows is a beneficial trait in preparation of a heavy pig for slaughter.

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Ducks’ Growth, Meat Quality, Bone Strength, and Jejunum Strength Depend on Zeolite in Feed and Long-Term Factors

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11041015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1015

Author(s):

Jakub Biesek ◽

Mirosław Banaszak ◽

Marek Adamski

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Water Holding Capacity ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Water Holding

The safety of production and the high quality of meat are important aspects of rearing poultry, especially when natural solutions are used. Because of the increasing popularity of duck meat, the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a diet with an inclusion of zeolite on the growth performance, meat quality, and strength of the bones and jejunum in ducks of different origin, sex, and age at slaughter. The study was conducted on 320 Orvia and Cherry Valley ducks. Birds were allocated to eight groups, according to their sex and origin. Half of the birds received feed with a 4% inclusion of zeolite. Body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio per kilogram of gain were calculated. After six or seven weeks, five birds from each group were selected and slaughtered. After dissection, meat quality (pH, water-holding capacity, colour) and the strength of the bones and gut were analysed. The analysis revealed that zeolite was associated with reduced body weight gains and increased feed conversion ratio, but with a higher water-holding capacity of breast muscles in seven-week-old ducks, and with a higher yellowness and water-holding capacity of leg muscles in six-week-old ducks. A positive effect of long-term factors (age, sex, origin) and the interaction with zeolite was found for most of the analysed traits. Findings on the effect of 4% inclusion of zeolite in duck diet were inconclusive. The study implies the need for further research, since zeolite has potential as a natural sanitizing agent and can improve the quality of produced duck meat.

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