scholarly journals SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN KANDUNGAN TOTAL FLAVANOID PADA BUAH Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch DI KAWASAN BROMO, CANGAR, DAN DATARAN TINGGI DIENG

el–Hayah ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Budi Minarno
Keyword(s):  
Positive Sample ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Carica Pubescens

<p class="Default"><em>Carica  pubescens Lenne &amp; K. Koch is one of the species in the tropics, which adapt to the plateau environment and low temperatures. In Indonesia, this plant is found at Cangar, Bromo, and Dieng Plateau. This study aims to determine the results of phytochemical screening and total flavonoids in fruit samples were taken from the third place. Qualitative and quantitative tests carried out in the Laboratory of Department of Biology and Chemistry, </em><em>Faculty of </em><em>Science and Technology</em><em>, </em><em>Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Malang</em><em>. Analysis of total flavonoids using a spectrophotometer at λ = 510 nm. The results of qualitative phytochemical screening tests on samples of C. pubescens fruits at Cangar, Bromo, and Dieng Plateau shows that the positive sample contains flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and triterpenoids. Quantitative test results show that the C. pubescens at Cangar contains  total flavonoids quercetin equivalent with value 800 mg / L, Bromo with value 816.65 mg / L, and Dieng Plateau with value 633.35 mg / L, respectively.</em></p>

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAN FITOKIMIA KULIT BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) HASIL EKSTRAKSI METODE Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Fitria Dewi Sulistiyono ◽  
Trirakhma Sofihidayati ◽  
Bina Lohitasari
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Skin Extract ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Onion Skin ◽  
Assisted Extraction

Ekstrak kulit bawang merah mengandung flavonoid, polifenol, saponin, terpenoid dan alkaloid. Metode ekstraksi modern dengan memanfaatkan radiasi gelombang mikro yang disebut dengan MAE (Microwave Assisted Extraction) belum banyak dilakukan. Metode MAE terbukti lebih efektif karena pemanasan pelarut secara cepat dan efisien dibandingkan metode ekstraksi secara konvensional. Tujuan penelitan ini adalah mengetahui senyawa fitokimia dan aktivitas ekstrak kulit bawang merah dengan metode MAE pada Staphylococcus aureus. Deteksi senyawa fitokimia dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif, yaitu ada tidaknya senyawa flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid dan tanin. Aktivitas ekstrak kulit bawang merah terhadap S.aureus dilakukan dengan metode kertas cakram dengan melihat zona bening/hambat yang dihasilkan. Konsentrasi ekstrak yang digunakan adalah 5, 10, 15, 20 dan 25% (b/v). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ektrak kulit bawang merah mempunyai senyawa flavonoid, saponin dan tanin. Ekstrak kulit bawang merah dapat menghambat pertumbuhan S.aureus ditunjukkan dengan adanya zona bening dari kosentrasi 5, 10, 15, 20 dan 25% (b/v) adalah 14; 15,5; 16; 19; 19,5 mm. Hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa MAE lebih efektif daripada metode konvensional (maserasi) dalam menghambat S. aureus. Berdasarkan hasil aktivitas antibakteri, ekstrak kulit bawang merah dapat dimanfaatkan dalam dunia industri sebagai salah satu komponen produk pencegahan infeksi bakteri.   Onion skin extract containing flavonoid , catakin , saponin , terpenoid and alkaloid . Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) is modern method with microwave radiation. MAE have proven more effective because a solvent warming quickly and more efficient compared other methode (maseration). This study aims to explore the phytochemical activity presenced in onion skin extract. that was obtained by the Microwave Assited Extraction (MAE) method and to evaluate the antibacterial activity against Staphilococcus aureus. The phytochemical screening of onion skin extracted by using MAE revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. The antibacterial activity of onion skin extract was carried out against S. aureus by measuring the diameter of bacterial growth inhibition zones through the diffusion method. The results of qualitative phytochemical screening tests on onion skin extract shows that the positive sample contains alkaloids, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. Range of onion skin extract concentration used in this research were 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% w/v. The inhibition zone of extract at concentration 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% w/v were 14.00; 15.50; 16.00; 19.00; and 19.50 mm respectively. Base on antibacterial result, onion skin extract can be used as one ingredient in the manufacture of antibacterial products.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, antioxidant and anticholinesterase profiles of Musanga cecropioïdes R. Br. (Urticaceae) from Côte d'Ivoire

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 094-102
Author(s):  
Djélé Alette Edwige Ziale ◽  
Kohué Christelle Chantal N’gaman-Kouassi ◽  
Fatou Diane Micheline Baguia-Broune ◽  
Janat Akhanovna Mamyrbekova-Békro ◽  
Yves-Alain Békro
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Anticholinesterase Properties

This study is devoted to Musanga cecropioides (Urticaceae), a tropical plant whose leaves and root bark are used in traditional medicine in the treatment of various pathologies. The objective of this work was to study qualitative and quantitative composition of phenolic compounds in extracts of the leaves (McF) and root bark (McR) Musanga cecropioides and to evaluate their antioxidant and anticholinesterase properties. Phytochemical screening using TLC showed that the extracts contain, along with phenolic compounds such as coumarins, flavonoids and tannins, other bioactive phytocompounds namely sterols, terpenes and alkaloids. Quantitative analysis of phenolic phytoconstituents by spectrophotometry showed that contents of total flavonoids and polyphenols in leaves (7.753% and 119.389 mg EAG / g, respectively) are higher than those in the root bark (1.41% and 105.944 mg EAG / g, respectively). The antioxidant activity of total and selective extracts evaluated by FRAP and DPPH methods was found to be significant compared to vitamin C. All the extracts of Musanga cecropioides showed good anticholinesterase activity with percentages of inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) ranging from 51.952 to 63.589%.

scholarly journals Uji Kandungan fitokimia dan Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional Berbasis Pengetahuan Lokal di Kecematan Lambitu Kabupaten Bima

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Nikman Azmin ◽  
Anita Rahmawati ◽  
Muhammad Eka Hidayatullah
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Surveys And Questionnaire

This study aims to study the collection and use of traditional plants by the Bima community. The method used is in-depth interviews, field surveys and questionnaire techniques. Maseration and phytochemical screening tests were carried out to determine the content of active compounds in traditional plants. The results of this study indicate that the types of traditional medicinal plants used as phytochemical test samples consist of 19 types of traditional medicinal plants. Parts of medicinal plants used as raw materials that have medicinal properties in the form of leaves 40%, rhizomes 28%, Fruit 12%, stem 8%, roots%, sap or lenders 4%. Phytochemical test results show that the compounds contained in medicinal plants are Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Steroids, Terpenoids, Saponins and Tanins. Generally Bima people manage and utilize various types of medicinal plants, such as trees, shrubs, herbs and weeds as ingredients (herbs) in the treatment of various diseases

scholarly journals Potential of Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) Fruits and Leaves in Male Fertility

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Dwi Wijayanti ◽  
Firgian Ardigurnita
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Livestock Productivity

The purpose of the study was to find out the potential of parijoto fruit and leaves qualitatively and quantitatively in male fertility. The content of fruits and parijoto were secondary compounds in the form of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, beta-carotene and antioxidants. Fertility is also needed in male animals. Decreased fertility in male cause a decrease in livestock productivity results in a decrease in gain from farmers. Handling of animals that occur after fertilization was usually carried out by injecting prostaglandin hormones. However, the relatively expensive price of hormones causes many farmers not to be able to buy. Another alternative that could cause a decrease in fertility was to use herbal plants, namely parijoto. The use of Parijoto plants was not certain which relevanted in fertility. Need to be tested first about phytochemical screening on parijoto leaves and fruit. The results of parijoto leaf and fruit analysis were qualitative and quantitative. The content of fruits and parijoto were secondary compounds in the form of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, beta-carotene and antioxidants. Parijoto fruits were founded flavonoids and saponins namely 3. 61% b/b and 3. 71% b/b. Total flavonoids and saponins in Parijoto leaves were 2.65% b/b and 4.19% b/b. Total antioxidants, total polyphenols, tannins in parijoto leaves and fruit respectively were 36.84 ppm; 3.95%; 3.52% and 20.06 ppm; 12.68%; 11.70%. The conclusion was that part of the parijoto fruit and leaf were the potential in male fertility. Key words:  Antioxidants, Fertility, Flavonoids, Males, Parijoto.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN METODE JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN KELISTRIKAN OTOMOTIF SISWA KELAS XI PROGRAM TEKNIK KENDARAAN RINGAN SMK MUHAMMADIYAH MUNGKID TAHUN AJARAN 2015/2016

TAMAN VOKASI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Wijayanto ◽  
Arif Bintoro Johan
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
Jigsaw Method ◽  
The Right ◽  
Electrical Study

The objective of this research was to improve (1) the activity of automotive electrical subject and (2) the results of automotive electrical study subjects using cooperative learning of jigsaw. The tyep of this study was a classroom action research. The technique of collecting data using questionnaires, tests, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used descriptive qualitative and quantitative. The results showed that (1) the results showed that the activity of study subjects students can increase ignition. Based on the results of the activity of the pre-action consisting of five aspects of the activity obtained an average percentage of 44.3% active students with less category, the averagevalue of student activity on sisklus I is 67.1% with the good category, the average nilia liveliness the second cycle of 86% with a very good category, and the average value of the liveliness of the third cycle of 89% with a very good category. (2) Based on the initial values of students and the results ofevaluation tests conducted in cycle I, II, and III obtained results show an increase. Pratindakan based on test results obtained by 18 students (51.4%) who have not completed the study and 17 students (48.6%) were thoroughly studied by the average value of student ability 63.23. In the first cycle thereare 12 students (34.29%) who have not completed the study and 23 students (65.71%) were thoroughly studied with an average value of 69.67. In the second cycle there were 10 students (28.57%) who have not completed the study and 25 students (71.43%) were thoroughly studied with an average value of 73.42. Based on the test results at the end of the third cycle there are 29 students (82.86%) were thoroughly studied and 6 students (17.14%), which has not been thoroughly studied with an average value of 87.97. Berdasakarn these results, it can be concluded that the right jigsaw method used to improve the activity and student learning outcomes

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT EVALUATION OF PERGULARIA DAEMIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
GITA MISHRA ◽  
HEMESHWER KUMAR CHANDRA ◽  
NISHA SAHU ◽  
SATENDRA KUMAR NIRALA ◽  
MONIKA BHADAURIA
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Evaluation ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Pergularia daemia belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae, known to have anticancer, anti-inflammatory activity. Aim of the present study was to evaluate qualitative and quantitative phytochemical and antioxidant properties of ethanolic extracts of leaf, stem and root parts of P. daemia . Preliminary phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant properties were evaluated by standard methods. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of P. daemia showed presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloid, phytosterol, carbohydrate, phenol, saponin, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids proteins and reducing sugars. Quantitative analysis showed polyphenol, flavonoid, flavonone, flavone and flavonol in P. daemia leaves, stem and root in considerable quantity. The in vitro antioxidant activity of P. daemia clearly demonstrated that leaf, stem and root parts have prominent antioxidant properties and was effective in scavenging free radicals.

PENGARUH LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP KADAR FLAVONOID TOTAL PADA EKSTRAK TAPE BIJI NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Nada Nabila Sari ◽  
S Suharyanto
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
Community People ◽  
Qualitative Test ◽  
Seed Extracts

Biji nangka kurang diminati oleh masyarakat sebagai bahan pangan. Biji nangka memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan. Tujuan peneliti adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama fermentasi terhadap kadar flavonoid total pada ekstrak tape biji nangka (Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk.) yang dilakukan dengan alat spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Manfaat dari penelitian untuk menambah wawasan di bidang farmasi khususnya tentang ilmu kimia amami mengenai pengaruh lama fermentasi terhadap kadar flavonoid total pada ekstrak tape biji nangka (Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk.). Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah metode maserasi dengan mengunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Identifikasi kualitatif mengunakan uji Shinoda, uji NaOH 10%, uji H2SO4 (pekat). Hasil uji kualitatif menunjukan sampel positif mengandung flavonoid. Kesimpulan pada hasil penelitian penetapan kadar flavonoid total yang terkandung dalam ekstrak tape biji nangka pada hari ke-0 sebesar 2,9146±0,0245 mgQE/gram ekstrak, pada hari ke-1 sebesar 3,3050±0,0240 mgQE/gram ekstrak, pada hari ke-2 sebesar 3,6829±0,0244 mgQE/gram ekstrak, dan pada hari ke-3 sebesar 4,0488±0,0244 mgQE/gram ekstrak.  Jackfruit seeds are less interest by the community (people) as food.  Jackfruit seeds containing flavonoid compounds where it can be used as a treatment.  The aim of the researchers was to determine the effect of fermentation time on total flavonoid concentration  in jackfruit fermented seed extracts with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The benefits of research to add insight in the field of pharmacy especially about chemistry of amami regarding effect of fermentation time on total flavonoid levels in jackfruit seed “tape” extract (Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk.). Extraction method used is the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. Qualitative identification using the Shinoda test, 10% NaOH test, and H2SO4 (concentrated) test. Qualitative test results showed a positive sample containing flavonoids. Conclusions on the results of the experiment  are jackfruit seed "tape" extract on day-0 was 2.9146±0.0245  mgQE/gram extract, on day-1 was 3.3050±0.0240 mgQE/gram extract, on day-2 was 3.68293±0.0244 mgQE/gram and on day-3 was 4.0488±0.024 mgQE /gram extract. The longer fermentation, total flavonoid concentration interest.  

Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Selected Mangrove Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilesh L. Dahibhate ◽  
Utpal Roy ◽  
Kundan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Sonneratia Caseolaris ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorhiza

Background: Mangrove plant extracts are used in folkloric medicine as aphrodisiac, sedative, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antimalarial. Screening for antimicrobial, phytochemical and antioxidant activities of fourteen mangroves plant species (Aegiceras corniculatum, Acanthus ilicifolius, Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Avicennia officinalis, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Ceriops tagel, Excoecaria agallocha, Kandelia candel, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, and Sonneratia caseolaris) in various solvents are reported in this work. Methods: The antimicrobial screening was carried out using agar well diffusion method. In this study, nine pathogenic strains were used, including three Gram-positive and six Gram-negative bacteria. Phytochemical screening, total flavonoids, total phenolic and antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH radical scavenging assay. Four phenolic compounds (gallic acid, vanillin, tannic acid and quercetin) were quantified by LC-MS/MS in selected mangrove species. Results: Antimicrobial screening showed Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were most susceptible to ethyl acetate extract as compared to ethanol and methanol extract. Ethyl acetate extract of Avicennia marina and Bruguiera gymnorhiza showed strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponins, phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and terpenoids, which was found to be variable as per the solvent used for extraction. In addition, total phenolics and total flavonoids content with different solvents were found in the range of 11.08 to 196.76 mg GAE/g and 12.92 to 110.3 mg QE/g of extract respectively. Moreover, antioxidant capacities expressed in terms of IC50 (mg/mL) showed that methanol extract exhibited higher antioxidant capacity followed by ethanol extract. LC-MS/MS analysis showed gallic acid and tannic acid are present in higher concentration in Aegiceras corniculatum and Sonneratia caseolaris than other species. The vanillin and quercetin were found in the least concentration. Conclusion: Mangroves species are rich source of antioxidant, phenolics and antimicrobial compounds.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and pregnancy – where are we now? A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Rajewska ◽  
Wioletta Mikołajek-Bedner ◽  
Joanna Lebdowicz-Knul ◽  
Małgorzata Sokołowska ◽  
Sebastian Kwiatkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Protective Antibodies ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractThe new acute respiratory disease severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly contagious. It has caused many deaths, despite a relatively low general case fatality rate (CFR). The most common early manifestations of infection are fever, cough, fatigue and myalgia. The diagnosis is based on the exposure history, clinical manifestation, laboratory test results, chest computed tomography (CT) findings and a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy is not already clear. There is no evidence that pregnant women are more susceptible than the general population. In the third trimester, COVID-19 can cause premature rupture of membranes, premature labour and fetal distress. There are no data on complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection before the third trimester. COVID-19 infection is an indication for delivery if necessary to improve maternal oxygenation. Decision on delivery mode should be individualised. Vertical transmission of coronavirus from the pregnant woman to the fetus has not been proven. As the virus is absent in breast milk, the experts encourage breastfeeding for neonatal acquisition of protective antibodies.

Dimensioning the Flexural Strengthening of Concrete Slabs with Textile Reinforced Mortar - Litterature Data Evaluation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex-Manuel Muresan ◽  
Daia Zwicky
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Bond Behaviour ◽  
Flexural Strengthening ◽  
The Third ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slabs ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
External Reinforcement ◽  
Textile Reinforced Mortar

When strengthening reinforced concrete slabs with textile reinforced mortars (TRM), the “correct” consideration of the global bond behaviour between textile and cementitious matrix is identified as the main challenge in determining the most appropriate global analytical model. The first model evaluated here is based on classical assumptions for structural concrete design. The second model, as another extreme assumption, is completely neglecting textile bond in the cracked zone, thus assuming it as unbonded, end-anchored, external reinforcement. The third model is based on the simplifying assumption of the textile reinforcement being only significantly activated when the internal steel reinforcement is yielding. Analytical results from these approaches are compared to a database containing more than 130 test results reported in literature, and are statistically evaluated.

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