scholarly journals The Effects of N-Acetylcysteine as Adjuvant Therapy To Reduce TNF-Α Level And Increase SPO2/FIO2 Ratio In Improving Hypoxemia In COVID-19 Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Fitratul Ramadhan ◽  
Ngakan Putu Parsama Putra ◽  
Ungky Agus Setyawan ◽  
Susanthy Djajalaksana ◽  
Aditya Sri Listyoko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Α Level

Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in COVID-19 disease progression. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) works throughout several GSH-mediated mechanisms and is known to eliminate oxidative stress in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in COVID-19. This study aims to analyze the effect of the N-Acetylcysteine as Adjuvant Therapy to reduce TNF-α levels and Increase SpO2/FiO2 ratio in Improving hypoxemia in COVID-19 Patients. This is a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group design study. There were 91 subjects selected using non-random sampling, which consisted of 75 patients in the NAC group and 16 patients in the control group. The TNF-α level was measured using the ELISA method, and SpO2/FiO2 ratio was calculated on day 1 (on admission) and day eight after NAC 5000mg/ 72 hours was given. Statistical analysis was conducted using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U Test. There is a significant decrease in TNF-α level in the treatment group (median 1.49±5.22) (p=0.016) compared with the control group (median 1.64±1.99) (p=0.005). The Median SpO2/FiO2 ratio on day 1 is 163.70±69.64 in the control group and 121.49±40.41 in the treatment group (p=0.005). The Median SpO2/FiO2 ratio on day 8 is 249.69±132.26 in the control group and 151.29±59.18 in the treatment group (p=0.001). There is a positive correlation between serum TNF-α level and SpO2/FiO2 ratio after administration of adjuvant therapy NAC (r=0.240, p=0.038). There is a positive correlation and significant decrease of serum TNF-α and SpO2/FiO2 ratio after adjuvant NAC therapy, which improves hypoxemia in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Early Exercise Against Uterine Involution in Spontaneous Postpartum Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eny Pemilu Kusparlina ◽  
Sundari Sundari
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Early Exercise ◽  
Uterine Involution ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Group 2

Background: It is estimated that 50% of puerperal mortality occur within the first 24 hours. At this time the involution process occured. Involutionary disorders cause complications which is the leading cause of maternal mortality. Most of postpartum women do not obtain exercise guidance after giving birth. They are only advised to do simple mobilization without planned guidance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of early exercise against uterine involution (fundus and lochea). Methods: The research used quasi experimental (pre-post test non equivalent control group design). It was conducted from January to June 2019. The samples were 40 respondents spontaneous primiparous postpartum mother. The study was started by 1) divided the samples into control group and treatment group, 2) measured the fundus and lochea, 3) provided early exercise on treatment group, 4) re-measured fundus and lochea in both groups, 5) analyzed the effectiveness of early exercise to fundus and lochea expenditure decrease. The data analysis used Mann Whitney with α = 0.05. Results: The results showed p-value of 0.000 (fundus) and 0.001 (lochea). Conclusion: Early exercise is effective in accelerating decrease in fundus and lochea expenditure as it helps blood circulation to the uterine, which causes the uterus to contract well. Good contractions help narrowing of open blood vessels so that bleeding does not occur, decreases in uterine fundus and lochea expendment take place more rapidly. Keywords: early exercise; uterine involution; spontaneous postpartum

scholarly journals PENGARUH PELATIHAN THREE CORNER DRILL TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KELINCAHAN DAN POWER

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gede Agunk Teddy Pratama ◽  
Made Budiawan ◽  
I Nyoman Sudarmada
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
T Test ◽  
Training Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan three corner drill terhadap kelincahan dan power otot tungkai. Jenis penelitian adalah quasi experimental dengan rancangan the non-randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan siswa putra peserta ektrakurikuler sepak bola SMPN 2 Pekutatan. Data post-test kelincahan dan power otot tungkai pada kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol dianalisis dengan uji-t independent pada taraf signifikansi (α) 0,05 dengan bantuan program SPSS 16.0. Berdasarkan hasil uji-t independent didapatkan hasil : (1) untuk variabel kelincahan, hasil perbandingan kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol didapatkan nilai thitung = -2,948 , dengan nilai signifikansi 0,009, (2) untuk variabel power, hasil perbandingan kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol didapatkan nilai thitung = 3,176, dengan nilai signifikansi 0,005. Nilai signifikansi hitung lebih kecil dari nilai α (Sig < 0,05), dengan demikian hipotesis penelitian “pelatihan three corner drill berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kelincahan dan power otot tungkai pada siswa putra peserta ektrakurikuler sepak bola SMPN 2 Pekutatan” diterima. Dari hasil analisis data dan pembahasan disimpulkan bahwa : (1) Pelatihan three corner drill berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kelincahan pada siswa putra peserta ektrakurikuler sepak bola SMP Negeri 2 Pekutatan (2) Pelatihan three corner drill berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan power otot tungkai pada siswa putra peserta ektrakurikuler sepak bola SMP Negeri 2 Pekutatan. Kata Kunci : kelincahan, daya ledak, three corner drill The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of three corner drill training toward the increased agility and power muscle of legs. The type of research was a quasi-experimental and the design of research was the non-randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The subjects were man’s student football extracurricular participants of SMPN 2 Pekutatan. Agility and muscle power of legs posttest to the treatment group and the control group were analyzed by independent t-test at significance 0,05 with SPSS 16.0. Based on independent t-test results were showed : (1) to the agility variable, the comparison of the treatment and the control group values obtained t = -2,948, with a significance value of 0,009, (2) to muscle power of legs variable, the comparison of the treatment and the control group values obtained t = 3,176, with a significance value of 0,005. Calculated significance value smaller than the value of 0,05 (Sig < 0.05), thus the research hypothesis "three corner drill training affect the increased agility and muscle power of legs in football extracurricular participants of SMPN 2 Pekutatan " was received. From the analyzed and discussion were concluded that : (1) three corner drill training effect the increased agility in football extracurricular participants of SMPN 2 Pekutatan, (2) three corner drill training effect the increased muscle power of legs in football extracurricular participants of SMPN 2 Pekutatan. keyword : Agility, power, three corner drill

scholarly journals Efektivitas penggunaan video dan buku bergambar untuk meningkatkan ibu mencuci tangan dengan sabun

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Prita Devy Igiany ◽  
Toto Sudargo ◽  
Rendra Widyatama
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Handwashing With Soap ◽  
Illustrated Book

Effectiveness of video and illustrated book to improve mothers’ knowledge, attitude, and skill of handwashing with soapPurposeThis study aimed to determine the effect of video and illustrated book to mothers’ knowledge, attitude, and skill of handwashing with soap in Air Terbit village and Sungai Putih village. MethodsThis study used quasi-experimental design, with a non-equivalent control group design. Samples consisted of 21 respondents in each group, which were chosen with predetermined inclusion criteria. ResultsBivariate analysis showed no significant differences in knowledge, attitudes, and skills (p>0.05) between illustrated book and video during the pretest. At the posttest, knowledge in both groups were significantly different (p<0.05) which showed the illustrated book was more effective to improve knowledge than video. For attitude and skills during posttest, results were significantly different showing the video was more effective to be used (p<0.05). Comparing knowledge, attitude and skill in the pretest and posttest in both groups, significant differences (p<0.05) were obtained. ConclusionIllustrated books effectively increased mothers' knowledge of handwashing with soap, while video was more effective to improve mothers’ attitude and skill of handwashing with soap.

scholarly journals Komparasi Model Pembelajaran Konstruktivis Metakognitif Dan Konstruktivis Novick Terhadap Berpikir Kritis Ditinjau Dari Kemampuan Akademik

INFERENSI ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Baskoro Adi Prayitno ◽  
Bowo Sugiharto
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Grade Student ◽  
Conventional Model ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control

The purpose of this study was to investigate, (1) the influence of constructivist metacognitive model compared to constructivist novick, and conventional model toward critical thinking, (2) the influence of academic achievement toward critical thinking, and (3) interaction of learning model and academic achievement toward critical thinking. The sample of this study consisted of 102 eleventh grade student from 3 state senior high schools in Surakarta. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental research Pretest-Posttest, Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. Anacova was used to analyze the data. Critical thinking test was administered to the experimental and the control group as pre and post-tests to measure the critical thinking. The result showed that, (1) constructivist metacognitive and constructivist novick are not significantly different but those are significantly different from the conventional model toward critical thinking, (2) Upper academic students have higher critical thinking than lower academic students, (3) There is not interaction of learning model and academic achievement toward critical thinking

scholarly journals Major Re-selection Advising and Academic Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah McKenzie ◽  
Tony Xing Tan ◽  
Edward C. Fletcher ◽  
Andrea Jackson-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Grade Point Averages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Positive Effect

We sought to determine whether receiving major re-selection (MRS) advising benefits undergraduate students' grade-point averages (GPAs). We used a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design to compare a treatment group (n = 219) of undergraduates who changed their majors after receiving MRS advising with a control group (n = 206) who changed majors without advising during the same semester as the treatment group. Findings showed that, on average, students who received MRS experienced no change in their program GPA but an increase in their semester GPA; however, the control group experienced a decrease in program and semester GPAs. Multiple regression analysis confirmed that MRS advising had a positive effect on posttest semester GPAs (β = .33, p &lt; .001) and program GPAs (β = .28, p &lt; .001). Implications for student advising are discussed.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Teknik Mind Mapping Terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Siswa

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecha Aprilia ◽  
Sulastri Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Management Training ◽  
Training System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mapping Data ◽  
Mind Mapping ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan apakah ada pengaruh teknik Mind Mapping terhadap keterampilan siswa dalam menulis teks deskriptif pada siswa kelas 10 SMK Management Training System tahun akademik 2018-2019. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan metode penelitian merupakan quasi experimental design  yaitu non equivalent control group design yang terdiri dari dua kelas yaitu kelas eksperimen dan kelas control. Kelas experiment diberi perlakuan dengan menggunakan teknik mind mapping. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil pre-test dan post-test pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan skor siswa di kelas eksperimen memperoleh nilai tertinggi dengan nilai 91 dan nilai terendah 9. Nilai tobserve lebih tinggi dari ttable (2.759 ˃ 2.074). Dengan demikian, Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknik Mind Mapping berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keterampilan menulis teks deksripsitf siswa. Teknik Mind Mapping juga membantu siswa untuk berfikir lebih creative dalam mengembangkan ide-idenya, mengembangkan konsep serta lebih rileks dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran khususnya menulis.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Musa acuminata Stem

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 294-298
Author(s):  
Maharani Laillyza Apriasari ◽  
Selviana Rizky Pramitha ◽  
Dewi Puspitasari ◽  
Diah Savitri Ernawati
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Musa Acuminata ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mucosal Wound ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Abstract Objective This study was designed to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of Musa acuminata through the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nuclear factor kappa β (NF-κB) after 3 days of application of Musa acuminata stem extract (MASE) gel on oral mucosal wound. Materials and Methods An experimental study with post-test only control group design was conducted. Twenty male Rattus norvegicus (Wistar) were injured on their left buccal mucosa and treated three times a day with MASE gel of varying concentrations: 0% (as control), MASE 25%, MASE 37.5%, and MASE 50%. On day 3, a biopsy was performed on each mucosal wound for later immunohistochemical analysis for the expressions of TNF-α and NF-κB. Results The highest expression of TNF-α was observed in the control group (13.20 ± 1.79), while the lowest was in the treatment group using 50% MASE (6.40 ± 1.14). Meanwhile the comparison between treatment groups did not highlight any significant difference (p > 0.05). The highest expression of NF-κB was observed in the control group (13.20 ± 1.30), whereas the lowest was in the treatment group using MASE 50% (6.40 ± 1.14). NF-κB was significantly lower in the treatment group using MASE 50% when compared with other treatment groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion Application of MASE on mucosal wound reduces the expression of TNF-α and NF-κB at all concentrations. The anti-inflammatory effect of MASE 50% was the strongest one.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Teknik Sosiodrama untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Komunikasi Interpersonal Siswa Laki-Laki Kelas SMK Ar-Rahman Misriadi Langkat

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Khairina Ulfa Syaimi
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Communication Skill ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This research is intended to observe the effect of through sociodrama technique in improving students’ interpersonal communication skill at the tenth-grade students of SMK Ar-Rahman Misriadi Langkat. In the research methodology, the writer used quasi-experimental design, focusing on non- equivalent control group design. In addition, to decide the sample of the research the writer used non-probability sampling technique in the form of purposive sampling technique. There were twenty four  male students who had been chosen as the research sample.The sample chosen was classified based on the interpersonal communication  skill in the lower rate. Moreover, the instrument used to decide the sample was the instrument of interpersonal communication skill which provided four options on a Likert scale. The technique of analysis was carried out by using descriptive statistics which provided empirical mean to know the average scores between the pre-test and the posttest in the experimental group and controlled group respectively. The result showed that the score of Asymp. Sig were 0.000 which meant that the interpersonal communication skill of the male students Sig < 0.05. It can be concluded that the high number of increasing of interpersonal communication skill was experienced by the male students  in the experimental group than in the controlled group. Therefore, the result of this research was used to improve the interpersonal communication skill of the tenth- grade male students  at SMK Ar-Rahman Misriadi Langkat.

scholarly journals DEVELOPING SPEAKING SKILL OF GRADE VIII STUDENTS AT SMP NEGERI 1 PALU THROUGH INTERVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Hijrah Syam ◽  
M. Tamrin AM. S. Pettawali
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
And Control

This research aims at developing Speaking Skill through Interview. Its method was quasi-experimental research non-equivalent control group design. Its population was the students of grade VIII at SMP Negeri 1 Palu, in which consists of thirteen parallel classes. The experimental class consists of 29 students and control class consists of 30 students. It was done in eight meetings. The variables of this research were speaking skill and interview. The samples of this research were students of grade VIII C and VIII D, selected through cluster sampling technique. Its results indicate that the application of interview has overcome the students’ problem. After analyzing them, the result of t-counted was 10.01. By applying degree of freedom (df) 57(29+30-2), and the level significant 0.05, the value of t-table was 2.00. So,  the value of t-counted was higher than t-table. It means that the hypothesis of this research was accepted. Thus, the interview can be applied to develop speaking skill of students grade VIII  at  SMP Negeri 1 Palu.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran SQ3R terhadap Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 808
Author(s):  
Dwi Sandra Fera Yulia ◽  
Wahjoedi Wahjoedi ◽  
Ari Sapto
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia ◽  
Teacher Centered

<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Learning to read in Indonesian language material in grade IV SDN 1 Sumberagung is still dominated by the teacher as the delivery material using the lecture method (teacher centered) so that students are not optimal in the learning process because students are less interested in learning and result in many student learning outcomes under the KKM. This study aims to determine the effect on the SQ3R learning method on class IV Indonesian language learning outcomes at SDN 1 Sumberagung. This study uses a research method that is quantitative with the type of research that is quasi experimental design with the research design is a non equivalent control group design. The subjects of this study consisted of 50 students. The results of the implementation of the sq3r learning method show an increase in learning outcomes which can be seen from the results of the t test based on the hypotheses performed showing the results of t count 6.866&gt; t table 2.011 and the significance value of 0.000 &lt;alpha 0.050. The conclusion of the data is that there is a difference between the experimental class and the control class.</p><strong>Abstrak: </strong><strong> </strong>Pembelajaran membaca pada materi bahasa Indonesia di kelas IV SDN 1 Sumberagung masih didominasi guru sebagai penyampai materi dengan menggunakan metode ceramah (<em>teacher centered</em>) sehingga siswa belum optimal dalam proses pembelajaran dikarenakan siswa kurang tertarik dengan pembelajaran dan berakibat pada hasil belajar siswa banyak yang masih dibawah KKM. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pada metode pembelajaran SQ3R terhadap hasil belajar bahasa indonesia kelas IV di SDN 1 Sumberagung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yakni kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitiannya yaitu <em>quasi experimental design</em> dengan design penelitiannya adalah <em>non-equivalent control group design</em><em>.</em> Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari 50 siswa. Hasil pelaksanaan metode pembelajaran SQ3R menunjukkan peningkatan pada hasil belajar yang terlihat dari hasil uji t berdasarkan hipotesis yang dilakukan menunjukkan hasil nilai t hitung 6,866 &gt; t tabel 2,011 dan nilai signifikasnsi 0,000 &lt;alpha 0,050. Kesimpulan dari data adalah ada perbedaan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol.

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