scholarly journals Aspek Pidana Pengambilan Paksa Jenazah Pasien Kasus Probable Akibat Terpapar COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1071
Author(s):  
Nabillah Fitra Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The Body ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Patient Status ◽  
Public Ignorance ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rules Set

AbstractThe presence of the COVID-19 virus outbreak in Indonesia has caused many new problems that have occurred and must be resolved. One of them is the crime of forcibly retrieving the bodies of patients in probable CASES of COVID-19 that occurred in several regions. The term patient status is important because it is done as a form of effort for the government to overcome the outbreak. The problem arises because of public ignorance about the rules set by the government. There are 2 problems in this study, namely (1) the crime of forcible retrieval of the body of a patient probable case: and (2) criminal liability for the forced retrieval of the body of a probable case patient. This research uses Normative Law Research method. The approach used is the Statutory Approach and the Cosmic Approach. The results of this study showed that, the act of forcible retrieval of the bodies of patients in probable cases is a form of criminal offence because it is regulated in several laws, namely the Criminal Code and Law No. 4 of 1984 on Infectious Disease Outbreaks and Law No. 6 of 2018 on Health Quarantine. Keywords: COVID-19; Government; Probable Case; Criminal.AbstrakHadirnya wabah virus COVID-19 di Indonesia menyebabkan timbulnya banyak permasalahan baru yang terjadi dan harus diselesaikan. Salah satunya tindak pidana pengambilan paksa jenazah pasien kasus probable COVID-19 yang terjadi di beberapa daerah. Peristilahan status pasien menjadi suatu hal yang penting karena dilakukan sebagai bentuk upaya bagi pemerintah untuk menanggulangi wabah. Permasalahan timbul dikarenakan adanya ketidaktahuan masyarakat mengenai aturan-aturan yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah. Ada 2 permasalahan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu (1) tindak pidana pengambilan paksa jenazah pasien kasus probable: dan (2) pertanggungjawaban pidana pengambilan paksa jenazah pasien kasus probable. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan ialah Pendekatan Perundang-undangan dan Pendekatan Koseptual. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, perbuatan pengambilan paksa jenazah pasien kasus probable merupakan suatu bentuk tindak pidana karena diatur dalam beberapa undang-undang, yaitu KUHP dan Undang-Undang No 4 Tahun 1984 tentang Wabah Penyakit Menular serta Undang-Undang No 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Kekarantinaan Kesehatan.Kata Kunci: COVID-19; Pemerintahan; Kasus Probable; Kriminal.

Legal Analysis of Attempt on the Life of Internal Affairs Officer as the Body of Criminal Offence

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Chingiz A. ISSABAYEV ◽  
Aidos A. YESKENDIROV ◽  
Zhanna B. SHAYAKHMETOVA ◽  
Bakhytbek A. BEGALIYEV ◽  
Zhanargul A. KHAMMETOVA
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Government

Disorganized crime impact on the society is provided by criminal pressure on law enforcement officials – from engagement in criminal networks, bribery, blackmail to their liquidation. Social danger of the offences studied is that it threatens the life of internal affairs officer to prevent him from professional duties for the law enforcement, intentionally destabilizes normal operation of public authorities, and undermines their authority in the public’s mind. The purpose of the article was to analyze the types and motives of attempts on an employee of internal affairs bodies from a legal point of view. To achieve the purpose, the opinions of other researchers who studied this problem were examined, as well as legal documents regulating crimes committed against employees of internal affairs bodies. It was noted inconsistencies in the evaluation of sanction measures against perpetrators responsible for offences provided for by p. 2, part 2, article 99 and part 1, article 380-1 of the Criminal Code of Kazakhstan. It was concluded that the strengthening of criminal liability will significantly affect the status of crime situation, enhance the government authority and strengthen overall prevention in the country.  

Major healthcare push lies ahead for China

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Healthcare Spending ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Indigenous Innovation ◽  
State Bureaucracy ◽  
The Government

Subject The outlook for the healthcare sector in China. Significance The 13th Five-year Plan (2016-20), now being compiled for release later this year, will see structural reform of the health system and greater investment in healthcare. Improving healthcare is an important source of popular support for the government, and has implications too for economic growth, indigenous innovation and market access for foreign businesses. Impacts China is highly susceptible to infectious disease outbreaks; the world will depend on its health system for protection. Over-prescription of antibiotics is making China a dangerous source of antibiotic-resistance. More healthcare spending could gradually alter the balance power in the wider state bureaucracy, altering the longer-term policy outlook. China is now far better placed to deal with a contagion than it was when SARS hit in 2003.

scholarly journals Sosialisasi Penggunaan Pembersih Tangan (Handsanitizer) yang Efektif dalam Upaya Memenuhi Standar WHO dan Protokol Kesehatan Sesuai dengan UU No. 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Karantina Kesehatan di Muhammadiyah Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Marjan Miharja ◽  
Erwin Syahruddin ◽  
Bionda Johan Anggara ◽  
Johan Johan ◽  
Gugus Atmoko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
The Government ◽  
Spreading Disease

WHO determined COVID-19 as a pandemic on March 9, 2020, which is the strongest push for this community service program to be carried out. WHO has published guidance on adjusting the MFIs while managing the risk of a spike in case numbers. WHO publishes guidance on adapting to LKMS, while still managing the risk of a re-increase in the number of cases. A series of measures was developed to help provide guidance to countries in adapting public health measures to various contexts and this provides consideration for decision makers. In connection with the policy of controlling infectious disease outbreaks, Indonesia has Law Number 4 of 1984 concerning Communicable Disease Outbreaks, Government Regulation Number 40 of 1991 concerning Management of Contagious Disease Outbreaks, and Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 1501 / Menkes / Per / X / 2010 concerning Certain Types of Infectious Diseases That Can Cause Outbreaks and Countermeasures. Including various policies to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic issued by the government. One of them is the Large-Scale Social Restrictions or PSBB at the end of March. Citing Article 1 paragraph 11 of Law (UU) Number 6 of 2018 concerning Health Quarantine, PSBB is a limitation of certain activities of residents in an area suspected of being infected with a disease and / or contamination in such a way as to prevent the possibility of spreading disease or contamination. The policy covers at least school and work vacations, restrictions on religious activities and restrictions on activities in public places or facilities, including the socialization of washing hands using hand sanitizer which can be done in certain situations where soap and clean water are not available. For the results to be effective, the hand sanitizer used should contain at least 60% alcohol. This step is a necessity in order to prevent Covid-19 from becoming more widespread. The goal to be achieved from the socialization of good and correct hand washing is to understand the procedures, and be able to practice how to wash hands properly and correctly. It is hoped that in this socialization there will be a change in behavior in the community in washing hands as often as possible properly and correctly.

scholarly journals The Impact of and Government Planning and Responses to Pandemics for People with Disability: A Rapid Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6505
Author(s):  
Adyya Gupta ◽  
Anne Kavanagh ◽  
George Disney
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
People With Disability ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Objective—To collate evidence on (1) the risk of infection for people with disability during infectious disease outbreaks and/or pandemics and (2) government responses and pandemic plans for people with disability. Methods—Through two rapid reviews, relevant peer-reviewed studies and grey literature published from 2002 onwards in the English language were identified. Data were synthesised narratively. Results—Aim 1: Of the 680 studies, two studies were included in the review. No grey literature was eligible for inclusion. The evidence regarding risk was inconclusive. Aim 2: Of the 50 studies, three peer-review studies, along with four government reports were included. The literature largely reported on measures being taken to maximise the prevention of transmission of COVID-19 for the general population, with only a few programs including people with disability. Conclusion—Overall, there is inconclusive evidence on the risk of infection for people with disability during infectious disease outbreaks and/or pandemics and the government preparedness and planning for disease outbreaks and/or pandemics largely exclude people with disability. From a population health perspective, during disease outbreaks and pandemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic, along with the general population, it is important for governments to include people with disability in their pandemic planning and response.

scholarly journals Criminal Liability against a Doctor Who Does Not Have a License Practices in Providing Health Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 293-300
Author(s):  
Redyanto Sidi ◽  
Kharmaedisyah Putra ◽  
Mirza Kesuma
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
Research Show

Doctors and medical personnel who perform the activities of the medical service must have permission practices of the country in accordance with applicable regulations, and the provision of medical services must be in accordance with the authority of the medical profession. Doctors who perform the activities of health services must have a Letter of Permission Practices of the government in accordance with the regulations in force, in the conduct of health services should be based on the competency of medicine. If in providing health deviate from the rules that have been specified then it will get penalized in accordance with the applicable legislation. This research using the method of normative legal research that is done by researching secondary data collected with the approach of the study of literature to study secondary data associated with the service issues the practice of medicine. Secondary Data in this research consists of primary and secondary legal materials are compiled systematically and analyzed qualitatively. The results of this research show that the Forms of criminal acts in the health services is a criminal offence which is regulated in the criminal code as well as regulated in the Law Practice of Medicine. Health services provided to patients without registration letter doctor is one of the forms of criminal acts that is set in the Law Practice of Medicine. Someone who is committing a crime, including criminal acts in the service of health must account for his actions. Its criminal a person must be proven about the crime that he did. Ability is responsible for an element of error, then to prove the existence of a fault element of the last to be proven again. Keywords: Criminal Liability, Health Services, A Letter Of Permission Physician Practice.

scholarly journals ASPEK HUKUM PELAKSANAAN VAKSINASI COVID-19 DI INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1263
Author(s):  
Stephanie PD ◽  
Enjelina S ◽  
Angelica MF ◽  
Imelda Martinelli
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Right

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines the 2019-nCoV type of corona virus as a pandemic of a new type of disease spread throughout the world, this is not only a public health case, but will touch every sector. The COVID-19 (cov-19) pandemic has resulted in an emergency for the healthy condition of the Indonesian people, so President Joko Widodo has issued Presidential Decree No. 11/2020. In "procuring vaccines and implementing vaccinations for the prevention of the COVID-19 pandemic" President Joko Widodo stipulates Presidential Decree No. 14/2021. In choosing health facilities and infrastructure independently & responsibly, every human being has the right to choose according to his wishes, due to the pandemic conditions that concern the interests of the people and the state, so giving vaccinations is actually voluntary because emergency conditions can be forced. Although there is already a legal umbrella for Law No. 4/1984: "Infectious Disease Outbreaks" and Law No. 6/2018: "Health Quarantine", many in the field agree and vice versa on the implementation of vaccination in the community. The purpose of the study is to understand the nature of the administration of the corona vaccine according to the laws and regulations adopted and the factors that occur in society. Using a normative method with a qualitative approach. Giving vaccines to the community is forced. limited availability of vaccines; there are those who support there are those who are antipathy from the community regarding the implementation of vaccination; uneven distribution. The reason for the community's refusal to receive the Covid-19 vaccine is due to different trusts, this is supported by the lack of communication channels as well as the delivery of information that is not well targeted, the data on the type of vaccine is limited in information, the availability of the Covid-19 vaccine, as well as safe conditions. The government should fully support the Nusantara vaccine and the Merah Putih vaccine developed by Indonesian researchers. World Health Organizatioan (WHO) mendefinisikan Virus corona jenis Virus 2019-nCoV sebagai pandemi jenis penyebaran penyakit baru keseluruh dunia, hal ini bukan hanya kasus kesehatan masyarakat, tapi akan menyentuh setiap sektor. Pandemi covid-19(cov-19) mengakibatkan kedaruratan kondisi sehat khalayak Indonesia, sehingga Presiden Joko Widodo menetapkan KeppresNo.11/2020. Dalam “pengadaan vaksin dan pelaksanaan vaksinasi untuk penanggulangan pandemi covid-19” Presiden Joko widodo menetapkan Perpres No.14/2021. Dalam memilih sarana juga prasarana kesehatan secara mandiri & bertangggungjawab tiap manusia punya hak memilih sesuai dengan keinginannya, berhubung kondisi pandemi yang menyangkut kepentingan rakyat dan negara lebih diutamakan, jadi pemberian vaksinasi yang sebenaranya bersifat volunteer karena kondisi darurat bisa bersifat dipaksakan. Meskipun sudah ada payung hukum UU No.4/1984:”Wabah Penyakit Menular” serta UU No.6/2018:“Kekarantinaan Kesehatan”, tapi dilapangan banyak yang setuju dan sebaliknya pada pelaksanaan vaksinasi dimasyarakat. Tujuan penelitian untuk memahami sifat dari pemberian vaksin corona menurut peraturan perundangan yang dianut dan faktor- faktor yang terjadi di masyarakat.  Memakai metode normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pemberian vaksin kepada masyarakat bersifat memaksa. keterbatasan ketersedian vaksin; ada yang mendukung ada yang antipati dari masyarakat terkait pelaksanaan vaksinasi; penyaluran yang tidak merata. Alasan penolakan masyarakat dalam menerima vaksin Covid-19 dikarenakan adanya trust yang berbeda,  hal ini didukung kurangnya alur komunikasi juga cara penyampaian informasi yang kurang tepat sasaran, data jenis vaksin terbatas informasinya, ketersediaan vaksinCov-19, juga syarat aman. Pemerintah selayaknya mendukung penuh vaksin Nusantara dan vaksin Merah Putih  yang dikembangkan para peneliti Indonesia.

ON THE DISTINCTIONS OF CRIMINAL-LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE-LEGAL ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS FOR VIOLATION OF THE SELF-ISOLATION REGIME IN THE CONDITIONS OF DANGER OF THE SPREAD OF CORONAVIRAL INFECTION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
S. B. Syropyatova ◽  
◽  
L. N. Kabanova ◽  
P. A. Kabanov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The Self ◽  
False Information ◽  
Legal Enforcement ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The paper considers the issues of differentiation of criminal and administrative penalties for violation of the regime of restrictions imposed by the government authorities of the Russian Federation, government authorities of the RF subjects to prevent the spread of coronaviral infection. The authors define restrictive measures as the rules of behavior when introducing a high-alert regime. The paper reveals the issues of regulation by the law of the main restrictions caused by the coronavirus spread in the territory of the Russian Federation. The authors define the parameters of restrictions on rights and freedoms, such as self-isolation, high-alert regime, quarantine, emergency, emergency state, as well as liability for violations of restrictive measures when imposing each of the regimes. The paper identifies the lack of sharply defined criteria to introduce one of the regimes as a reason for the lack of practice of applying criminal liability for non-compliance with the above requirements. The authors considered the issue of assigning an action to a criminal or administrative category and clarified the criteria for attribution. The types of violations (regime violations, dissemination of deliberately false information, business violations) that resulted in criminal penalties are defined. The authors considered the conditions for the application of criminal legislation and determined responsibility, depending on the application of a qualifying feature. The paper formulates the proposals for the application of criminal and administrative legislation: they should be distinguished depending on the current regime and not on the ensuring of consequences of its violation. That happens because currently, it is difficult to identify causal relationships due to the understudy of a new phenomenon – the spread of coronaviral infection. The authors consider the adopted amendments to the RF Criminal Code as the state’s activity to ensure the security of the nation.

scholarly journals PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA DAN PEMIDANAAN TERHADAP PELAKU PEDOFILIA DALAM HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Ayu Sinta Paramita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Mens Rea ◽  
German State ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Mind

In criminal law there are a criminal act, criminal liability, and criminalization. Criminal liability consept in criminal law is a central concept be known mens rea. Mens rea concept based an act doesn’t not result in a person guilty unless the mind is bad. In Indonesian Criminal Code there regulates the negative form of criminal liability, contained in article 44. In article 44 Indonesian criminal code mentions that the mental disorder can be held accountable for criminal liability. Pedophilia is a sexual disorder that possessed by adults who get sexual gratification through physical contact with children.In criminal law pedophilia known as the crime of sexual abuse of minors. There is a vagueness of norms that occurs between article 44 Indonesian criminal code with a court decision regarding pedophilia. Court decision handed down on the accused in this case usually is imprisonment, whereas in the German state people who suffer from pedophilia in rehabilitation by the government. German Criminal Code has arranged the said provisions, this is because the government is aware of the psychological condition of a pedophile. A pedophile will not recover if the punishment given only in the form of imprisonment, without a destination for healing and repair perpetrators later, because criminal punishment should pay attention to the properties or the circumstances of the offender, so that it becomes appropriate punishment and provide benefits to the perpetrator.The research methods used in this paper is a normative legal research methods. Didalam hukum pidana terdapat perbuatan pidana, pertanggungjawaban pidana, serta pemidanaan. Konsep pertanggungjawaban dalam hukum pidana merupakan konsep sentral yang dikenal dengan ajaran kesalahan (mens rea). Doktrin mens rea dilandaskan pada suatu perbuatan tidak mengakibatkan seseorang merasa bersalah kecuali jika pikiran orang itu jahat. KUHP Indonesia mengatur mengenai bentuk negatif dari pertanggungjawaban pidana, yang terdapat pada pasal 44 KUHP. Pasal 44 KUHP menyebutkan bahwa orang yang sakit jiwanya serta orang yang mengalami cacat dalam pertumbuhannya tidak dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban pidana. Pedofilia merupakan suatu penyakit gangguan preferensi seksual yang dimiliki oleh orang dewasa yang mendapatkan kepuasan seksual melalui kontak fisik dengan anak-anak. Di dalam hukum pidana Indonesia pedofilia dikenal sebagai tindak pidana pencabulan anak dibawah umur. Terdapat kekaburan norma yang terjadi antara Pasal 44 KUHP dengan putusan pengadilan mengenai kasus ini. Putusan yang dijatuhkan padaterdakwa dalam kasus ini biasanya adalah hukuman penjara, sedangkan di Negara Jerman orang yang mengidap pedofilia direhabilitasi oleh Pemerintah. Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Jerman telah mengatur mengenai ketentuan tersebut, hal ini dikarenakan Pemerintah sadar akan kondisi kejiwaan dari seorang pedofilia. Seorang pedofilia tidak akan sembuh jika hukuman yang diberikan hanya berupa kurungan penjara, tanpa ada tujuan untuk penyembuhan dan perbaikan pelaku dikemudian hari, karena seharusnya penjatuhan pidana memperhatikan sifat-sifat atau keadaan-keadaan pelaku sehingga pemidanaan itu menjadi tepat dan memberikan manfaat bagi pelaku. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif.

scholarly journals TERMINOLOGY OF CRIMINAL LAW

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Mykola Komissarov ◽  
◽  
Natalia Komissarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The Body ◽  
Legal Norm ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Relevant Article ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies

In this article questions about the expediency of using semantically accurate and clear terms in norm-setting that as correctly as possible denote acts, things, or persons because of the illegal actions or corpus delicti which are described in the relevant article of the Ukrainian Criminal Code are considered. On the example of several articles of current Ukrainian Criminal Code approaches of improving regulatory acts by using successful legal and common terms are being proposed. Criteria that could be a foundation when creating and improving legislation in general and criminal in particular being considered. Being proposed particular, more accurate, terms for replacement of the current, but not appropriate terms. Emphasis is placed on that each legal act should be write down very clear for ordinary people to increase the efficiency of positive criminal liability institution. Being determined main types of misuse of terms, which includes the use of terms without considering their content load by lawmakers; lawmakers' use of terms taking into account pre-determined actions that are not reflected in the body of the law but are marked by an unfortunate term, or use specific terms where their use is inappropriate. Taking everything above into account and considering the prevalence of legal terminology outside the professional community, questions related to the accuracy, intelligibility, simplicity, clarity of legal language are emphasized, in particular terminology of criminal law. Works of the most popular scientists whether in the field of legal terms or in the field of criminal law are analyzed. It is argued that the clarity of the legal norm, criminal law, in particular, will avoid arbitrariness and abuse by law enforcement agencies and more effectively implement the concept of positive criminal liability in society.

scholarly journals An analysis of the ethics of lockdown in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghna Ann Arunachalam ◽  
Aarti Halwai
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
The Government ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

AbstractOver the past 6 months, coronavirus-induced disease (COVID-19) has spread across 212 countries, affecting millions of people. As it has no known cure, social distancing is highly recommended for prevention of spread of the disease. Here, we have described the impact of the social distancing measures implemented by the Government of India on various sections of the society, especially the vulnerable sections. Furthermore, we have presented an analysis of these measures, according to the World Health Organization´s Guidance for Managing Ethical Issues in Infectious Disease Outbreaks (2016); we have also applied principles, as applicable, from the Indian Council of Medical Research’s National Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical and Health Research Involving Human Participants (2017). Finally, we have presented several measures that should have been adopted before and in addition to implementing the lockdown to improve its effectiveness.

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