The Effect of Calcium Hydroxideon Mortality of Ascaridia galli In Vitro

Ascaridiasis can be happened in either broiler or hens that can caused decrease of meat and egg productions. Ascaridiasis is a parasite that is most often found in poultry and cause high economic losses. This research was conducted to determine the anthelmintic effect of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂] on mortality of Ascaridia galli in vitro. In this research used Ascaridia galli with length 7-11 cm without differentiating their sex. The concentrations of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂] for immersion the Ascaridia galli were 0,01%, 0,02%, 0,025% and 0,03% as treatment group, respectively. The negative control used aquadest. Observation death A.galli worm and analysis of the data at the 2 hour, 4 hour, 6 hour, 8 hour, 10 hour and 12 hour. The result showed that the increase of concentration increased mortality of Ascaridia galli. Percentage of death worm A.galli at the 12th hour on concentration ,01%, 0,02%, 0,025% and 0,03% was 20%, 55%, 75% and 100%. ANOVA test showed significant difference between control and treatment group (p<0.05). Duncan multiple range test was seen the best treatment was the biggest mortality in concentration of 0,03%.

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EFFECTIVENESS MENIRAN ( Phyllanthus niruri Linn ) AS IMMUNOMODULATION ON LYMPHOCYTE OF BROILER INFECTED WITH ENTEROTOXIN ESCHERICHIA COLI RESISTANT ANTIBIOTICS

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia ◽

10.7454/jvi.v5i2.87 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Retno Sri Wahjuni

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽

Phyllanthus Niruri ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Prevention And Treatment ◽

Range Test

Enterotoxin Escherichia coli resistant to antibiotics on broiler. The used of antibiotics should be re-evaluated, as well as over Escherichia coli enterotoxin. Plants meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) is a plant that can be used as an alternative prevention and treatment of diseases caused by Escherichia coli enterotoxin. In this research, broilers at the age of 23 days were divided into six groups. Two groups are positive control was infected by Escherichia coli and negative control was not infected by Escherichia coli. Three groups are extract of Phyllanthus niruri Linn. plant that variety in three dosage: 20%, 25%, 30% and antibiotic. After five days treatment the broiler was to take the sample of blood tissue. The data were tested with Annova and continued by Duncan multiple range test. There was a significant difference of immunomodulation activity between treatment group doses 30% has been able to decrease lymphocyte on blood. The result showed doses 30% can be used as immunomodulation to Escherichia coli.Keywords: Phyllanthus niruri Linn. extract, Immunomodulation, Escherichia coli, Broiler, Lymphocyte

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The Anthelmintic Effect of Pumpkin Seed (Cucurbita moschata Durch) Infusion on Lethal Death Time of Fasciola giganticaIn Vitro

Journal of Parasite Science ◽

10.20473/jops.v1i1.16233 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Andriani Dwi Siswarini ◽

Kusnoto Kusnoto ◽

Retno Bijanti

Keyword(s):

Negative Control ◽

Fasciola Gigantica ◽

Cucurbita Moschata ◽

Pumpkin Seed ◽

Death Time ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Breeding Animal ◽

Range Test ◽

Anthelmintic Effect

Fasciola gigantica is a worm which could infect breeding animal and human. One of the plants that can be used as worm drug is Pumpkin seed (Cucurbita moschata Durch).Pumpkin seed (Cucurbita moschata Durch) has been used in traditional anthelmintic medicine. This research was conducted to determine the anthelmintic effect of Pumpkin seed (Cucurbita moschata Durch) infusion on lethal death time of Fasciola gigantica in vitro. This research used Fasciola gigantica 25-75 mm in length without differentiating their sex. The concentrations of Pumpkin seed (Cucurbita moschata Durch) for treatment of Fasciola gigantica were 25%, 50% and 75%. The negative control used NaCl physiology (0.9 %). ANOVA factorial test showed significant difference among all of the experiment groups (p <0.05). Duncan multiple range test was seen the best treatment was the shortest lethal death time in concentration of 75%.Six hours of the treatment was the best time for making death of the worm. The Pumpkin seed (Cucurbita moschata Durch) in 75% dose was the best dose for making death of the worm. In 6th hours of the treatment in 75% dose administering had the best for making death of Fasciola gigantica. As for the reason, pumpkin seed (Cucurbita moschata Durch) can be use as anthelmintic.

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Daya Anthelmintik Infusa Biji Buah Pinang (Areca catechu) Terhadap Cacing Ascaridia galli Secara in Vitro

Jurnal Sain Veteriner ◽

10.22146/jsv.40337 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 254

Author(s):

Wida Wahidah Mubarokah ◽

Wisnu Nurcahyo ◽

Kurniasih Kurniasih

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Anthelmintic Resistance ◽

Negative Control ◽

Economic Losses ◽

In Vitro Test ◽

Ascaridia Galli ◽

Group Vi ◽

Group I ◽

Areca Catechu

A. galli infection caused high economic losses and decreased the amount and quality of egg production. The existence of anthelmintic resistance lead to the development of research on alternative treatments for A. galli. This aim of the research was to know LC50 of Areca catechu on infestation of A. galli. In this research A. galli was taken from a chicken slaughterhouse in Terban, Yogyakarta, and was divided into 8 groups for in vitro research. Group I was treated with an 10% infusion of A. catechu; group II was treated with 12.5% infusion of A. catechu; group III was treated with a 15% infusion of A. catechu; group IV was treated with a 17.5% infusion of A. catechu; group V was treated with 20% infusion of A. catechu; group VI was treated with a 22.5% infusion of A. catechu; group VII was treated with 25% A. catechu infusion and group VIII as negative control (0.9% NaCl). A. galli mortality is recorded every one hour until worm mortality is 100%. The results were then analyzed using the Reed and Muench method. Based on the in vitro test the infusion of Areca catechu against Ascaridia galli can cause death in worms with an LC 50 calculation of 21. 18%.

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Anthelmintic Potential Extract Mango Gadung Seed (Mangifera indica L.) Mecistocirrus digitatus in vitro

Journal of Parasite Science ◽

10.20473/jops.v1i2.16290 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Ria Nikmatul Jannah ◽

Sri Mumpuni Sosiawati ◽

Sri Chusniati ◽

Kusnoto Kusnoto ◽

Rahmi Sugihartuti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mangifera Indica ◽

Negative Control ◽

Test Results ◽

Soaking Time ◽

Factorial Anova ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Mango Seed ◽

The Relationship ◽

Range Test

This research aim to attest the potential anthelmintic extract mango seed gadung (Mangifera indica L.) against worms Mecistosirrus digitatus in vitro, the study also aims to determine the effect of immersion time, variasis concentration and the relationship between time and treatment. this study used 210 M. digitatus worm extracted regardless of gender worms. treatment that is given was the concentration extract mango seed gadung was 5%, 7.07%, 10%, 14.14%, 20%, negative control using NaCl physiological and comparison using levamisole Hidrokloride 0.0025 mL. Observations death worm Mecistocirrus digitatus and observations were made at the 6th hour, 12th hour, 18th hour and 24th hour. The results showed that variations in concentration, soaking time and the relationship between soaking time with the treatment affect mortality Mecistocirrus digitatus worms. Test results of the analysis statitistik using factorial Anova and Duncan's Multiple Range Test showed a significant difference (p<0.01) between the time factor, variations in concentration and relations between time and treatment.

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Efektifitas Anthelmintika Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Delima (Punica granatum) terhadap Jumlah Kematian Cacing Ascaridia gallisecara inVitro

Journal of Parasite Science ◽

10.20473/jops.v4i1.20270 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nila Murodah ◽

Sri Mumpuni Sosiawati ◽

Iwan Sahrial Hamid ◽

Setiawan Koesdarto ◽

Rochmah Kurniasanti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Punica Granatum ◽

Negative Control ◽

Ascaridia Galli ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Anova Test ◽

Pomegranate Fruit ◽

Test Result ◽

Range Test

This research was conducted to determine the anthelmintics effect of peel a pomegranate fruit extract etanol against Ascaridia galli worm in vitro. In this research, using 240 samples of A. galli with length 7-11cm without differentiating sex. The concentration of peel a pomegranate fruit extract etanol for immersing the Ascaridia galli were 10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml, and 80 mg/ml. Negative control was used PBS. Positif control was used piperazin citrate 10 mg/ml. Observation death A. galli worm and analysis of the data at the 6 hour, 12 hour, 18 hour, 24 hour, 30 hour and 36 hour using ANOVA test and Duncan Range Test. ANOVA result showed significant differences between treatments (p<0,05). Duncan Range Test result showed peel a pomegranate extract etanol 40 mg/ml had anthelmintics effects the 36 hour which comparable with piperazin citrate 10 mg/ml.

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Effect of Various Irrigating Devices on the Removal of Two Different Forms of Calcium Hydroxide from Internal Resorption Cavities

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2020/8881177 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Nima Mousavi Nasab Mobarakeh ◽

Afsaneh Taheri ◽

Hadi Rahmanian ◽

Dana Jafarpour ◽

Sareh Rahmanian

Keyword(s):

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Root Resorption ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Analyze Data

The present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), EndoActivator (EA), standard needle irrigation (SNI), and XP-endo Finisher files in removing pure calcium hydroxide (pCH) and injectable CH from in vitro root resorption cavities. Using a rotary system, the root canals of 116 extracted single rooted teeth were prepared. Imitated internal resorption cavities were then created in root halves. The specimens were divided into two groups according to the form of CH (n = 58): (I) pCH; (II) injectable CH. The teeth of each group were randomly divided into six subgroups: negative control (n = 5), positive control (n = 5), PUI (n = 12), XP-endo Finisher (n = 12), EA (n = 12), and SNI (n = 12). The root canals were irrigated using NaOCl and EDTA and split longitudinally, and both halves were evaluated with a stereomicroscope. Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to analyze data. The present results revealed that PUI completely removed pCH in 79% and injectable CH in 70.8% of the internal resorption cavities which was significantly higher than other methods (p<0.05). There was no statically significant difference between different forms of CH in terms of CH removal (p=0.918). The PUI technique was observed as the most efficient method of P-CH and injectable CH removal from a replicated internal resorption cavity. Finally, according to the findings, different forms of CH were comparable in terms of CH removal.

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Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran ◽

10.26891/jik.v9i2.2015.71-77 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽

Fauzia Andrini ◽

Yulis Hamidy

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Fungicidal Activity ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

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A Tumbling Magnetic Microrobot System for Biomedical Applications

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi11090861 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 861

Author(s):

Elizabeth E. Niedert ◽

Chenghao Bi ◽

Georges Adam ◽

Elly Lambert ◽

Luis Solorio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ultrasound Imaging ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Imaging System ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Negative Control ◽

Circular Path ◽

Rotational Axis ◽

Significant Difference

A microrobot system comprising an untethered tumbling magnetic microrobot, a two-degree-of-freedom rotating permanent magnet, and an ultrasound imaging system has been developed for in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications. The microrobot tumbles end-over-end in a net forward motion due to applied magnetic torque from the rotating magnet. By turning the rotational axis of the magnet, two-dimensional directional control is possible and the microrobot was steered along various trajectories, including a circular path and P-shaped path. The microrobot is capable of moving over the unstructured terrain within a murine colon in in vitro, in situ, and in vivo conditions, as well as a porcine colon in ex vivo conditions. High-frequency ultrasound imaging allows for real-time determination of the microrobot’s position while it is optically occluded by animal tissue. When coated with a fluorescein payload, the microrobot was shown to release the majority of the payload over a 1-h time period in phosphate-buffered saline. Cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that the microrobot’s constituent materials, SU-8 and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), did not show a statistically significant difference in toxicity to murine fibroblasts from the negative control, even when the materials were doped with magnetic neodymium microparticles. The microrobot system’s capabilities make it promising for targeted drug delivery and other in vivo biomedical applications.

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Botanicals: a natural approach to control ascaridiosis in poultry

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society ◽

10.12681/jhvms.16383 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 711 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I. SYMEONIDOU ◽

E. BONOS ◽

K. MOUSTAKIDIS ◽

P. FLOROU-PANERI ◽

E. CHRISTAKI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Economic Losses ◽

Meat Production ◽

Ascaridia Galli ◽

Natural Approach ◽

The Past ◽

Poultry Products ◽

Anthelmintic Efficacy ◽

Anthelmintic Drugs

Parasites (protozoa, helminthes, arthropods) represent a main threat for poultry worldwide. Among helminthes, nematodes constitute the most important group of parasites of poultry. The nematode Ascaridia galli, the cause of ascaridiosis in poultry, is one of the most important and prevalent parasites, resulting in serious economic losses, associated with the treatment cost, the decreased feed efficiency, and the poor egg and meat production. During the past few decades the indiscriminate use of anthelmintic drugs has generated several cases of resistance in helminthes in poultry, situation which is coupled with the severity of residues in poultry products. For this reason, nowadays attention has been drawn to the use of botanicals in poultry diet, due to their anthelmintic properties. Furthermore, the dietary use eco-friend ly of these plant derived substances compared to conventional synthetic anthelmintic drugs is considered as a natural and ecofriendly approach by the consumers. The focus of the present review is to recapitulate the studies, both in vivo and in vitro, that have demonstrated the anthelmintic efficacy of various dietary botanicals in controlling poultry ascaridiosis.

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Assessment of the Potential of Eco-Friendly Nematicides in the Management of Root-Knot Nematodes on French Beans in Kenya

Current Agriculture Research Journal ◽

10.12944/carj.7.1.08 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 62-67

Author(s):

E. O. Ogumo ◽

W. M. Muiru ◽

J. W. Kimenju ◽

D. M. Mukunya

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Potential ◽

Negative Control ◽

French Bean ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Population Densities ◽

Root Knot Nematodes ◽

French Beans ◽

Wide Range ◽

Significant Difference

Root-knot nematodes (RKN) (Meloidogyne spp) are a serious pest causing heavy economic losses in a wide range of agricultural crops. A trial was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of various eco-friendly nematicides in the management of RKN affecting French bean. The field trial was carried out in two seasons with the following treatments; Rigel-G (salicylic acid), Phyto Protect (Sesame oil extract), Mytech (Paecilomyces lilacinus), Neemraj 0.3% (Azadirachtin), Vydate® (Oxamyl) as a positive control and an untreated control. Various rates; Rigel –G (2.5 ml/l), Phyto Protect (10 l/ha), Mytech (125 g/ha) Neemraj 0.3% (3L/ha) and Vydate® (6 l/ha) of treatments were administered and damage on plants was assessed based on galling indices, crop biomass and yield whereas nematode reproductive potential was assessed based on the J2 counts. There was no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05) in the nematode population densities and galling indices observed among the eco-friendly nematicides and the conventional nematicide (Vydate®). Eco-friendly nematicides had a significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction of RKN J2 population densities compared to the negative control. The negative control had the highest mean of root-knot nematode densities (240 RKN/200 cc soil) and a galling index of 3.77 while Vydate and Neemraj had the lowest mean density (40 RKN/200 cc soil) in the first season. Similar results were observed in the second season with control having the highest RKN J2 population densities (285 RKN/200 cc soil) and a galling index of 3.89 and Vydate had the lowest (23 RKN/200 cc soil). The results of this study clearly indicate that eco-friendly nematicides can be fully adopted to suppress RKN in French beans as alternatives to conventional nematicides.

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