Theoretical basis of forensic expert investigation of accidental events on air transport

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
A. Krupka ◽  
L. Duz ◽  
M. Kraliuk ◽  
Ya. Krupka ◽  
E. Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
New Type

The purpose of the article is to study and develop theoretical and methodological principles of forensic aviation technical expertise, recommendations for the application of special knowledge in criminal, civil, commercial and administrative proceedings to prevent, detect, investigate and consider by investigators / courts crimes related to violations of regulations legal acts on traffic safety or operation of air transport, as well as improving its methodology, justification and formulation of recommendations for legal evaluation of results and increase the effectiveness of the use of forensic conclusions in the process of proof. The methodological basis of the study are the laws and categories of the theory of knowledge, in particular the provisions of materialist dialectics, which contributed to the understanding of the purpose and objectives, subject, object, research issues in the context of interdependence of achievements and needs of practice. At the same time, the methods of formal logic (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, abstraction) made it possible to understand in more detail the content of the studied questions, the essence of the studied categories and phenomena was clarified by the system-structural method. The Ministry of Justice of Ukraine has created a new type (subtype) of forensic examination: “Aviation Technical” and forensic specialty 10.25 “Investigation of aviation events and incidents”, so the article formulates the basic concepts of forensic aviation technical examination, namely: identifies the main issues, which are decided by forensic aviation technical examination; tasks, subject, object which give the chance to understand essence and the maintenance of expert activity of these researches; the tasks of a specific examination are distinguished from the tasks of other related types of examinations in this area. The process of researching air transport objects is quite complex, diverse and specific. The problems facing the investigation (court) determine the feasibility of creating and developing a theoretical basis for a new type (subtype) of forensic examination: “Aviation Technical” and forensic specialty 10.25 “Investigation of aviation events and incidents”. To solve the tasks and create a coherent system of expert research in air transport, it is necessary to conduct a set of research works to develop a methodological basis for this type (subspecies) of forensic examination.

scholarly journals Judicial engineering and mechanical examination: practiceological approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
A. Krupka ◽  
L. Duz ◽  
M. Kraliuk ◽  
Ye. Yakovlieva
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Type ◽  
Forensic Engineering

The purpose of the article is to study and develop theoretical and methodological principles of forensic engineering and mechanical expertise, recommendations with the use of special knowledge in criminal and civil proceedings to prevent, detect, investigate and consider crimes related to the operation of machines, mechanisms, equipment and improvement of its methodology, substantiation and formulation of recommendations on legal assessment of results and increase of efficiency of use of conclusions of forensic examination in the course of proving. The methodological basis of the study are the laws and categories of the theory of cognition, in particular the provisions of materialist dialectics, which contributed to the realization of the purpose and tasks, subject, object, research issues in the context of interdependence of achievements and needs of practice. At the same time, the methods of formal logic (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, abstraction) made it possible to understand in more detail the content of the studied questions, the essence of the studied categories and phenomena was clarified by the system-structural method. The Ministry of Justice of Ukraine has created a new type (subtype) of forensic examination: “Mechanical Engineering” and forensic specialty 10.25 “Study of the technical condition and operating conditions of machines and mechanisms”, so the article formulates the basic concepts of forensic mechanical examination, namely : the basic questions which are solved by judicial engineering and mechanical examination are defined; tasks, subject, object, questions that give the opportunity to understand the essence and content of the expert activity of these studies; the tasks of a specific examination are distinguished from the tasks of other related types of examinations in this area. Complex problems facing the investigation / court determine the expediency of dealing with a wide range of topical issues on a scientific basis, taking into account the peculiarities of the study of technical condition and operating conditions of machines, mechanisms and equipment and create a new type of forensic engineering – mechanical engineering. In order to increase the efficiency and objectivity of investigations of crimes in the operation of machines, mechanisms and equipment, courts / investigators should, as necessary, conduct forensic examinations by engineers: technologists, mechanics, power engineers, metallurgists, etc., for which it is necessary to develop approach, scientific-theoretical and practical principles of forensic engineering and mechanical expertise.

scholarly journals The theoretical basis of the digital economy in the strategic planning documents

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 10004
Author(s):  
Oleg Dyachenko
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
The World ◽  
Production Relations ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Subject

The article analyzes the definitions of the concept "digital economy". The study considers the strategic planning documents of the different states, dedicated to the project of digital economy, as the object of investigation. The subject of research is the interpretation of the category "digital economy". The theoretical and methodological issues in the study of the digital economy are considered. The paper makes an attempt to substantiate the problems that will follow in the implementation of the strategy under the conditions of a weak methodological basis for describing the existing techno-economic picture of the world. Among such problems, we emphasize the lack of attention to the production relations in the presented interpretations. We consider that building a digital economy, as a high-tech production ecosystem, will not do without understanding the essence of a new type of production relations. Without this understanding, it will be problematic to build the institutional basis of the digital economy and to create a regulatory framework to control emerging relationships in the digital economy. The paper critically analyzes the existing interpretations of the digital economy, presented in the strategic planning documents, and reveals the author's understanding of the studied category.

scholarly journals Axiological Attitudes in the Interpretation of the Rational and Irrational in the Works of Latin Apologetics Scholars

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
R. R. Balandina ◽  
◽  
E. V. Kuzmina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Clear Tendency ◽  
Methodological Basis

The article aims at demonstrating significant differences in the perception of rationality and irrationality in the works of ancient Greek philosophers and philosophers of the period of Latin apologetics. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the works of ancient and Latin philosophers. The analysis revealed that the Greeks solved the problem of the ratio of the rational and the irrational in an ontological way, while the Latins shifted the focus on the problem to the axiological dimension. The article presents the correlation of three examples of ontological orientation of pagan philosophy with three examples of axiological orientation of Latin theology of the apologetic period. The research methodology is based on the combination of historical-functional and comparative analyses. The works of N. S. Mudragey, where the validity of the use of the concepts "rational" and "irrational" in relation to ancient philosophy was proved, provided the methodological basis of the study, as well as the works of G. G. Mayorov, who actually was the first to consider Latin apologetics as a system with a clear tendency from hellenophilia to hellenophobia. The works of ancient Greek philosophers provided the theoretical basis of the study, as well as the works of Lactantius, Arnobius, Tertullian, and Minucius.

scholarly journals ENGAGEMENT OF EXPERTS AND SCHEDULING FORENSIC EXAMINATION UNDER INVESTIGATION SAFETY RULES VIOLATIONS WHEN PERFORMING WORKS WITH HEIGHTENED DANGER

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 118-126
Author(s):  
К. О. Spasenko
Keyword(s):  
Labor Protection ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
Technical Construction ◽  
Safety Rules

The peculiarities of the use of special knowledge in the process of investigation of the specified category of crimes are considered, they consists in narrow directed specifics of violations of safety rules during execution of works with in-creased danger. A range of issues to be clarified during carrying out certain examination is outlined. Their variability is noted depending on the work performed, the type of negative consequences and other elements of the criminalistic characteristics of crime. Scheduling forensic medical and forensic engineering-technical examination on labor protection, mining-technical, construction-technical and technical examination of documents in the aspect of the raised problematics is examined.

scholarly journals Serbian theolinguistics today: Research issues and results

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-186
Author(s):  
Ksenija Koncarevic ◽  
Srdjan Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Republic ◽  
General Linguistics ◽  
Slavic Studies

The essay gives a survey of basic research directions in Serbian theolinguistics (in the fields of general linguistics, Serbian studies, Slavic studies and foreign philology), and presents the most important achievements in the fundamental and applicative fields of the study of the sacral language (from the synchronic perspective) which are presented in monographs, papers published in thematic anthologies, proceedings of scientific conferences and scientific journals in Serbia, Montenegro and the Republic of Srpska (with bibliographic references for the 2000-2013 period). Serbian theolinguistics, although in the stage of scientific constitution, potentially has a wide range of fundamental areas of study (some of the main issues from 2000 to 2013 were theoretical and methodological basis of theolinguistics, modern functioning of liturgical languages, confessional markedness of language levels, functional stylistics, genology and stylistics of resources, discourse theory) and spheres of application (lexicography, traductology, linguodidactics). Its perspective in the forthcoming period lies in strengthening the ties with leading centres of theolinguistics in the Slavic world and the integration of researchers of philological and theological profiles in order to further its development.

Structure of Smart Materials and its Application in Construction Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 1022 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Yong Hui Jia ◽  
Jia Xiao Heng
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Smart Sensor ◽  
Pzt Film ◽  
New Type

In this paper, the piezoelectric ceramic crisp, poor water resistance, resistance to external load capability is not strong lack of self-designed package more perfect a new type of "smart piezoelectric aggregate", to better address the PZT film resist unfavorable load , vulnerability and durability issues and other aspects; and further superior characteristics of piezoelectric smart sensing and drive integration of theoretical analysis, modeling, numerical calculations, mechanical analysis and experimental research; on this basis, based on the pressure and Experimental Research aggregate electric smart sensor / driver structural health monitoring and damage detection algorithm, the theoretical basis for the realization of the transition from the pilot study engineering applications to provide the experimental basis and technical support.

Experimental Research on Water Cushion Belt Conveyor

2013 ◽  
Vol 431 ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Ai Dong Zhang ◽  
Ri Cheng Xu ◽  
Yun Meng ◽  
Xun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Industrial Application ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
New Type ◽  
Air Cushion

Water cushion belt conveyor is a new type of continuous conveyor which develops from belt conveyor and air cushion belt conveyor .By experimental research on water cushion belt conveyor ,we can observe the condition of water cushion and accomplish the date acquisition of water cushion pressure .Analyzing the pressure ,we can get influencing factors of water cushion pressure and verify the feasibility of industrial application of water cushion belt conveyor .Combining theory study with experimental study ,provide theoretical basis and guide for the further progress of water cushion belt conveyor .

Electrostatic Generation in Dielectric Fluids: The Viscoelectric Effect

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T. Balmer
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Fluid Motion ◽  
Irreversible Thermodynamics ◽  
Reverse Effect ◽  
Dielectric Fluids ◽  
Electrostatic Generator ◽  
New Type ◽  
Mobile Charges

Simultaneous energy transfer modes have been known to interact to produce unusual “coupled” effects. This coupling now has its theoretical basis in the concept of entropy production (or dissipation or irreversibility) central to nonequilibrium irreversible thermodynamics. Over the years, many examples of coupled phenomena have been identified and studied (thermoelectricity, electrokinetics, piezoelectricity, and so forth). Electrohydrodynamics (the effect of fluid motion on electric fields and the reverse effect of electric fields on fluid motion) can be explained as a thermodynamically coupled phenomenon characterized by the viscous and electrical properties of a fluid that contain mobile charges at the molecular (e.g., ions) or macroscopic (e.g., dust) levels. This is called the “viscoelectric” effect. In the first part of this paper we apply the concepts of irreversible thermodynamics to electrohydrodynamic systems to develop the relevant relationships. The second describes experiments carried out with a new type of Couette electrostatic generator. The resulting experimental data is then discussed in light of the coupled phenomenon relations previously developed.

Dynamic Analysis of a New Type of Hydro-Viscous Drive Winch

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 2243-2247
Author(s):  
You Fu Hou ◽  
Dao Ming Wang ◽  
Qing Rui Meng ◽  
Bo Du
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Dynamic Modeling ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Differential Gear ◽  
New Type ◽  
Starting Process

A new type of hydro-viscous drive (HVD) winch was designed by combining with differential gear train and HVD. It could meet the requirements of inclined hoist. In order to achieve good control properties, though dynamic modeling and simulation, the output moment curves of HVD device were obtained, then, the working processes of starting, braking and lowering weight were analyzed. Research results provide a theoretical basis for making control strategies for HVD winch. Finally, the starting process of HVD winch was studied in the experimental device; the result indicated that the starting curve of HVD winch efficiently in accordance with Harrison curve.

Contact Analysis and Optimization of a New Type of Propeller Shaft-Hub Connection Structure

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 801-805
Author(s):  
Wen Jing Li ◽  
Hua Sun ◽  
Rui Xiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Elastic Ring ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Composite Shaft ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Nonlinear Contact ◽  
New Type

According to the characteristics of aero products, the products must be as simple and light as possible under the premise of ensuring the performance. Using the finite element analysis software ANSYS to establish a nonlinear contact model about a new type of composite shaft-hub connection structure which is used in the propeller. Based on the model to give a optimization about the elastic ring, part of the shaft-hub connection structure, which defines the semi-cone angleαand the width B of the elastic ring as the design variables, the stress of the elastic ring as the state variables. The optimization results lay the theoretical basis of designing a composite shaft-hub connection structure which meets the requirement of aero products.

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