Pakistan and the Afghan Crisis

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
V. Belokrenitsky
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Indus Basin ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
Afghan Civil War ◽  
North Western

The author highlights an almost unprecedented growth of Pakistan’s population. He believes that the population census of 2011, unfinished due to some home policy reasons, gives a true picture of the demographic upsurge encompassing primarily north-western and western periphery of Pakistan. The population explosion results in the six-fold increase in less than 70 years averaging 3% annually. This phenomenon combined with ecological problems worsening in the Indus basin, which constitutes the heartland of the country, augurs not well for the future. At the present stage of globalization, Pakistan experiences the increasing out-migration of labor force, mainly to the Middle East. The rapid growth of private transfers from abroad amounting to almost a half of the export earnings can be considered an asset for the economy. The negative side of globalization is revealed in the slowing pace of industrial development due to low internal demand. Investments in the energy sector and infrastructure were lagging behind because the ruling political-cum-military circles neglected them. The author distinguishes between the upper crust of politics and its lower tier. The latter is dominated by the landed (feudal) aristocracy and tribal chiefs. Their power in the vast semi-desert areas to the west from the Indus basin is being now challenged by Islamic militants of different shades and sects. The spread of Islamists is traced to the influence of the long Afghan civil war on Pakistan. Analyzing the today’s Afghan crisis the author considers three scenarios, one of which is favorable for the present regime in Afghanistan while the other two are unfavorable envisaging the return of the Taliban to power or the actual fragmentation of Afghanistan. The last scenario foresees the talibanization of Afghanistan’s South and East, with its West and central part tilting towards Iran, North – towards Central Asia, and a generally unpredictable interplay of Islamic and counter-Islamic forces and factions throughout the country. The author refers to the economic cooperation between Pakistan and Russia as a factor, which can contribute to Pakistan’s and indirectly Afghanistan’s progress and stability.

Climate - fire interactions during the Holocene: a test of the utility of charcoal morphotypes in a sediment core from the boreal region of north-western Ontario (Canada)

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa T. Moos ◽  
Brian F. Cumming
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Core ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Fire Return Interval ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Return Interval ◽  
In Fire ◽  
North Western

Charcoal accumulation rates and fire-return intervals were calculated from total charcoal and charcoal morphotypes over the Holocene, from a well-dated sediment core from Lake 239 located in north-western Ontario, and compared with previously published independent climate reconstructions. Both total and morphotype analysis show a two-to-three fold increase in accumulation rates in the early-to-mid Holocene (range: 1 to 6 pieces cm–2 year–1) compared with the early and late Holocene (range: 0 to 2 pieces cm–2 year–1). Fire-return intervals and fire frequencies calculated during these periods, based on peak analysis, showed very different trends. The fire-return interval based on Type M charcoal, a morphotype associated with primary charcoal deposition, was high during the early and late Holocene, and low from ~7500 to 4000 cal year BP, with high inferred fire frequency during the warm mid-Holocene (~12.5 fires per 1000 years), compared with <5 fires per 1000 years over the rest of the Holocene, whereas fire-return interval and fire frequency based on total charcoal did not show patterns consistent with climate. These results suggest that a two- to three-fold increase in fire frequency would not be unexpected in the future under a predicted warmer climate.

Effect of prolonged intermittent water restriction on the reproductive performance of ewes in the Indian desert

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Mittal ◽  
P. K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Western India ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
North Western

ABSTRACTThe reproductive performance of female Magra and Marwari sheep of the desert areas of north-western India was studied in relation to intermittent water deprivation, for a period of 39 months during which four breedings were completed. The control group received an ad libitum supply of water every day, while the water-restricted group was provided with water on the same 2 days each week only throughout the experimental period, except during the monsoon season. All the ewes were maintained on cultivated Cenchrus ciliaris pasture. No ill effect was noticed on the general health of the animals. Reproductive measures such as incidence and duration of oestrus, length of the oestrous cycle, conception rate, lambing rate, length of gestation, post-partum interval, inter-lambing period, post-lambing weight of ewes and birth weight of lambs were not significantly affected by the imposed water deprivation. The dailywatered ewes had a slightly, but not significantly higher gain in body weight than the water-restricted ewes. It wa^ concluded that ewes of these two breeds could be maintained on a twice weekly watering schedule for prolonged periods of time without having any adverse effect on their reproductive performance.

Body temperature, respiration and pulse rate in Corriedale, Marwari and Magra sheep in the Rajasthan desert

1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Mittal ◽  
P. K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Western India ◽  
Cross Breeding ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
Free Grazing ◽  
North Western ◽  
Local Stock

SUMMARYDuring summer the morning (08.00 h) to afternoon (15.00 h) increases in rectal temperature, respiratory rate and pulse rate of free grazing Marwari and Magra sheep (rams) of the desert areas of north-western India were compared with those of Corriedale rams, which are being imported into India to improve the productivity of local stock through cross-breeding. Basal (morning) values for all three measurements were similar in the three breeds. While the afternoon values in respect of all three characters were significantly higher than the morning values in all the breeds, the increases were greatest in the Corriedales.

Give Full Play to Their Own Advantages to Promote the Sustainable Development of the New Energy Industry

节能环保 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-24
Author(s):  
Zhangli Zhao ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Specific Implementation

As an important industry to promote economic development in modern society, the new energy industry not only meets the needs of energy conservation and emission reduction and green and efficient industrial development, but also meets the construction of socialist ecological civilization at the present stage. Under the background of dual-carbon development, combined with the development of enterprises, to promote the sustainable development of the new energy industry has an important research value. Therefore, combined with the practical significance and difficulties of the sustainable development of new energy industry, this paper, the specific implementation path of sustainable development of industry is analyzed, aiming to promote the sustainable development of new energy industry.

scholarly journals Islamic Radicalism in North-West Pakistan

2013 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
O. P. Tchekrizova
Keyword(s):  
Border Region ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
General Elections ◽  
North Western ◽  
Radical Movement

The article covers the issue of the evolution of Islamic Radical movement in Pakistan at the present stage. Since 2001 the north-western Pakistan has gained prominence. It witnessed accumulating of various extremist forces opposing the international coalition in Afghanistan. The problem of the presence of radical forces in the volatile Afghan- Pakistani border region remains relevant in this period of decreasing extremist activities. The significance of the problem is amplified by the upcoming 2013 general elections in Pakistan and the forthcoming withdrawal of coalition troops from Afghanistan.

scholarly journals About Study the Problems of Industrial Nature Use in the Lviv Region

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Further Development

Purpose. To determine the main directions of research, based on the analysis of the UA scientists’ works devoted to the study of problems of industrial nature management, features of the development and functioning of various industries within the territory of the Lviv region. Results. Today, the transformation of the system of nature management goes beyond economic transformations and cannot ignore the previously described theories. Various issues of industrial nature use, its geospatial features in the region and the ecological problems caused by its development as well as features of their development and functioning within the territory of region allow to define the following basic directions of these researches: aspects of certain industries development, environmental and economic problems of industrial development. Conclusions. The powerful potential of nature management in the Lviv region can ensure the effectiveness of the transformations carried out in the region with a combination among economic, social and humanitarian spheres. The urgent tasks of the further development are as follows: to create an effective qualitatively advanced structure of the economy of the high-tech industrial complex of the developed social infrastructure as well as to improve the ecological situation and living conditions of the population in the region.

scholarly journals Urbanisation as a factor of diversification of the Russian musical vocational education at the turn of the 19th and the 20th centuries (in terms of the Povolzhye)

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Il'ya N. Suyetin
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Music Schools ◽  
Social Composition ◽  
The Social

The article analyses the features of the diversification of musical vocational education in the region of Povolzhye at the turn of the 19th and the 20th centuries as a result of the process of urbanisation. The paper presents evidence that as a result of industrial development and an increase in urban population, there was a need for skilled music professionals. At the turn of the 19th and the 20th centuries, thanks to the activities of the Imperial Russian Musical Society, an extensive network of musical educational institutions appeared in the region of Povolzhye, musical vocational education would start to include several levels (music classes – music schools – conservatoire). Against the background of changes in the social composition of cities, the content of music vocational education would be transformed, with the range of musical specialties expanding, new forms and methods of teaching and education emerging. The study stressed the importance of using historical experience to improve the Russian system of training practitioners at the present stage.

scholarly journals Development of farming in Russia aspiring to solve rural environmental issues

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Igor Aleksandrov ◽  
Marina Fedorova ◽  
Aleksey Parshukov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
The North ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
North Western

The objective of the article is to analyze the share and the amount of farm households in the regions of the North Western Federal District of Russia. The period chosen for the analysis makes from 2005 to 2019, excluding to year 2020 due to particular circumstances connected with COVID-19. We assume, that development of farm households, in case it takes place, should be supplemented by the creating different kinds of non-importables connected with agricultural industry. Those non-importables can be promoted and sold with the help of Internet and to diversify the main product farms, so to raise their incomes. All those suggestions are the main goal to contribute in rural poverty eradication which leads to outmigration, dying of the countryside and serios ecological problems. Those ecological problems cannot be solved by poor people, but we assume that farmers getting profit from their territory are interested in preserving the environment, and we find the confirmation of this statement on our field research.

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