scholarly journals The Alcohol Flushing Response is Associated with the Risk of Depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seonghee Jeon ◽  
Heewon Kang ◽  
Inhyung Cho ◽  
Sung-il Cho
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
P Value ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Alcohol Flushing ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The alcohol flushing response is experienced by 36–45% of East Asians after drinking a small amount of alcohol. Since individuals with this response are incapable of metabolizing toxic acetaldehyde derived from alcohol effectively, this response is suggested as an indicator for the health risks associated with alcohol intake. Depression, a major health problem linked to alcohol consumption, might also be associated with the presence of the alcohol flushing response. Therefore, this study examined the association between the alcohol flushing response and the risk of depression in the general population of South Koreans. The analysis included 139,266 participants and used data from the 2019 Korean Community Health Survey. Only current drinkers were considered in the analysis. The relationship between the alcohol flushing response and depression was determined by logistic regression analysis using SAS 9.4. As a result, more than one-third of the population was found to be current flushers, and the relationship was significant among current flushers and depression (AOR=1.23, 95% CI 1.12–1.35, P-value=0.1ⅹ10-3) compared to never flushers. No association was found between former flushing response and depression. The odds of depression were significantly higher among alcohol flushers who drinks less than 15 g/day alcohol (<5 g/day: AOR=1.21, 95% CI=1.08-1.36, P-value=0.1ⅹ10-3; 5.0-14.9 g/day: AOR=1.40, 95% CI=1.14-1.71, P-value=0.1ⅹ10-3). In conclusion, this study reveals that a significant number of the South Korean population experiences the alcohol flushing response, and the individuals with the response are more likely to feel depressed, even with a small amount of alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals SUN-LB103 The Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption Patterns and Insulin Sensitivity in Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina Han ◽  
Dominic Nicholas Reeds ◽  
Julia Passyn Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Native American ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
P Value ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BACKGROUNDThe effects of alcohol intake on insulin sensitivity have produced conflicting results with both beneficial and adverse effects observed. This study aimed to compare the relationship between patterns of alcohol consumption and insulin sensitivity in obese Veterans. METHODSWe performed a cross-sectional study of obese (BMI 30.0-45.0 kg/m2), nondiabetic U.S. Military Veterans without active mental health diagnoses, including no report of dependent alcohol use within the last 12 months. Alcohol exposure over the previous 12 months (mos) was assessed using a study-developed questionnaire and Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST). Fasting insulin, glucose, and a 75gm OGTT were completed to determine Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and prediabetes (preDM) score of 0, 1, or 2 based on fulfilling 0, 1, or at least 2 of the ADA criteria for preDM, respectively. Linear regression was used to assess for associations between measures of insulin resistance and alcohol consumption; unstandardized β and p-value are reported for variable of interest. RESULTS104 Veterans participated (66% males; 44±8years (range: 25-60); BMI 36±4kg/m2 (range: 29-45); 53% White, 46% African American, 2% Alaskan/Native American, 1% Other). 83 participants reported any alcohol intake in the previous 12 mos and neither preDM score (p=0.57) nor HOMA-IR (p=0.14) were predicted by this question. PreDM score groups were similar in gender, BMI, and weight, but age predicted both preDM score (r2=0.09, β=0.025, p=0.006) and HOMA-IR (r2=0.05, β=-0.09, p=0.034); therefore, all regressions were adjusted for age. There was a negative association between the number of days of alcohol intake with HOMA-IR (β=-0.271, p=0.037) but no association occurred with preDM score (p=0.15). Fewer days of binge drinking was associated with higher HOMA-IR (β= -0.342, p=0.058) and preDM score (β=-0.075, p=0.05). There was no significant association between total quantity of alcohol intake and HOMA-IR (p=0.13) nor preDM score (p=0.15). There was no association between MAST score and HOMA-IR (p=0.7) or preDM score (p=0.3). CONCLUSIONIn our cohort of obese, non-alcohol dependent Veterans, the reported number of days of alcohol intake and days of binge drinking in the previous 12 mos were lower in those with markers of insulin resistance. These results suggest that drinking patterns among obese patients may have unique effects on insulin sensitivity that warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals A potential sex dimorphism in the relationship between bitter taste and alcohol consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1116-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Louise Beckett ◽  
Konsta Duesing ◽  
Lyndell Boyd ◽  
Zoe Yates ◽  
Martin Veysey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Sex Dimorphism ◽  
Taste Phenotype ◽  
The Relationship

Sex-specific interactions between bitter taste phenotype, TAS2R38 genotype and alcohol intake may explain variance is previous studies, and may have implications for disease risk.

scholarly journals PERAN LINGKUNGAN DAN INDIVIDU TERHADAP MASALAH DIARE DI PULAU JAWA DAN BALI

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Ika Dharmayanti ◽  
Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Integration Data ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Diarrhea Disease ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT  Diarrhea is a major health problem in Indonesia with high morbidity and mortality rates. Unhealthy environment and unhygienic behavior are closely related to diarrhea disease. This study aims to identify the association between environmental conditions and behavior with the occurrence of diarrhea in Jawa and Bali. Data source used was the integration data of March’s Susenas and Riskesdas 2018. A logistic regression analysis was chosen to elicit the relationship between sanitation and drinking water facilities, open defecation practice, and other factors with the prevalence of diarrhea. The results showed that open defecation (OR = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.29; P<0.001, and improper of household sanitation and drinking water (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.2; P = 0.003) had significant association with diarrhea. Other factors are age 0-5 years (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.46 to 1.66; P <0,001) and low education (OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.21 to 1.47; P <0,001). This study shows the hygienic behavior is the essential factors to reduce the incidence of diarrhea. Therefore, it is recommended to to prioritize aspects of behavior and environmental health, namely changing people’s behavior to defecate in a latrine, and provide proper sanitation and sufficient drinking water. Keywords: Diarrhea; sanitation; drinking water; open defecation   ABSTRAK Penyakit diare merupakan masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia dengan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang masih tinggi. Lingkungan yang tidak sehat dan perilaku tidak higienis sangat erat kaitannya dengan penyakit diare. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kondisi lingkungan dan perilaku dengan penyakit diare di pulau Jawa dan Bali. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data integrasi Susenas Maret dan Riskesdas 2018. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi logistik untuk melihat hubungan antara ketersediaan sanitasi dan air minum, perilaku buang air besar serta faktor lainnya terhadap kejadian diare. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa faktor perilaku buang air besar sembarangan (OR = 1,2; 95% CI: 1,12 - 1,29; P <0,001) serta akses sanitasi dan air minum rumah tangga tidak layak/tidak tersedia (OR = 1,11; 95% CI: 1,04 - 1,2; P = 0,003) memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian diare. Faktor lainnya yaitu: usia 0-5 tahun (OR = 1,56; 95% CI: 1,46 - 1,66; P <0,001) dan pendidikan rendah (OR = 1,33; 95% CI: 1,21 - 1,47; P <0,001).  Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku higienis sangat penting untuk menurunkan kejadian diare. Oleh karena itu direkomendasikan untuk mengutamakan aspek perilaku dan kesehatan lingkungan, yaitu merubah perilaku masyarakat untuk BAB di jamban, serta menyediakan sanitasi dan air minum yang layak. Kata kunci: Diare, sanitasi, sarana air minum, buang air besar sembarangan

scholarly journals Tensional headache in medicine graduation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Victor Protásio Bezerra ◽  
Gustavo Soares Gomes Barros Fonseca ◽  
Maria Luiza Mendes Machado ◽  
Natália Murad Schmitt ◽  
Euler Nicolau Sauaia Filho
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Tension Headache ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Muscle Relaxants ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Tension headache has become a major health problem for medical students. This can trigger a worsening in the quality of life of the student and hinder their learning, corroborating for an impaired education. Better understanding of the topic is necessary so the academics can have a better overview of the problem. Objective: Clarify the relationship between tension headache and the quality of life of medical students. Methods: Articles from the last ten years were selected on the Scielo and Google Scholar portal platforms, which made it possible through an online scenario. Results: The mechanisms of tension headache are controversial and their pathophysiology complex and poorly understood. In crises, analgesics, antiinflammatories, muscle relaxants and/or caffeine are applied. In the articles studied, epidemiological data suggest that most students (99%) have already had a headache case during their lifetime and such occurrences are related to moments of stress and tiredness (74%). It is visible, that the academic affected by various activities, is a target for the disease. Conclusion: The prevalence of tension headache in the medical student was higher than that of the general population, with stress as the main reason. then a resolution on the issue of pain regarding stress is necessary since it proved to be inappropriate.

scholarly journals ‘Joining the Dots’: Individual, Sociocultural and Environmental Links between Alcohol Consumption, Dietary Intake and Body Weight—A Narrative Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2927
Author(s):  
Mackenzie Fong ◽  
Stephanie Scott ◽  
Viviana Albani ◽  
Ashley Adamson ◽  
Eileen Kaner
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Statistical Heterogeneity ◽  
The Relationship

Alcohol is energy-dense, elicits weak satiety responses relative to solid food, inhibits dietary fat oxidation, and may stimulate food intake. It has, therefore, been proposed as a contributor to weight gain and obesity. The aim of this narrative review was to consolidate and critically appraise the evidence on the relationship of alcohol consumption with dietary intake and body weight, within mainstream (non-treatment) populations. Publications were identified from a PubMed keyword search using the terms ‘alcohol’, ‘food’, ‘eating’, ‘weight’, ‘body mass index’, ‘obesity’, ‘food reward’, ‘inhibition’, ‘attentional bias’, ‘appetite’, ‘culture’, ‘social’. A snowball method and citation searches were used to identify additional relevant publications. Reference lists of relevant publications were also consulted. While limited by statistical heterogeneity, pooled results of experimental studies showed a relatively robust association between acute alcohol intake and greater food and total energy intake. This appears to occur via metabolic and psychological mechanisms that have not yet been fully elucidated. Evidence on the relationship between alcohol intake and weight is equivocal. Most evidence was derived from cross-sectional survey data which does not allow for a cause-effect relationship to be established. Observational research evidence was limited by heterogeneity and methodological issues, reducing the certainty of the evidence. We found very little qualitative work regarding the social, cultural, and environmental links between concurrent alcohol intake and eating behaviours. That the evidence of alcohol intake and body weight remains uncertain despite no shortage of research over the years, indicates that more innovative research methodologies and nuanced analyses are needed to capture what is clearly a complex and dynamic relationship. Also, given synergies between ‘Big Food’ and ‘Big Alcohol’ industries, effective policy solutions are likely to overlap and a unified approach to policy change may be more effective than isolated efforts. However, joint action may not occur until stronger evidence on the relationship between alcohol intake, food intake and weight is established.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Triple Dose Albendazole in Treating Soil Transmitted Helminths Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Saleha Sungkar ◽  
Kartika Q. Putri ◽  
Muhammad I. S. Taufik ◽  
Meutia N. Gozali ◽  
Pratiwi Sudarmono
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Egg Reduction Rate ◽  
Triple Dose

Soil transmitted helminths (STH) infection is a major health problem in tropical countries such as Indonesia. Albendazole is an effective and widely used anthelmintic agent to treat STH; however, it is not effective towards T. trichiura and its effectiveness varies between populations. Hence, we conducted a study to determine the effectiveness of triple dose albendazole in children of Perobatang village, Southwest Sumba, Indonesia. A pre-post study was carried out in Perobatang village on July 2016. Children aged 1-15 years old were enrolled in the study and asked to collect stool samples which were then examined using Kato-Katz method. The children infected with STH were given albendazole 400 mg for three consecutive days. From 246 subjects examined, 192 (78%) were positive for any STH consisting of T. trichiura (64%), A. lumbricoides (60%), and hookworms (10%). After treatment, the prevalence of STH decreased significantly (McNemar test, p<0.001) to 27%, T. trichiura 25%, A. lumbricoides 2%, and hookworm 0%. Cure rate for T. trichiura, A. lumbricoides, and hookworms was 61%, 97%, and 100%, respectively. Significant decrease of eggs per gram of feces was found in all STH (Wilcoxon test, p value <0.001 for A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura, p value = 0.027 for hookworms); egg reduction rate for T. trichiura was 91%, A. lumbricoides was 100%, and hookworms was 100%. In conclusion, triple dose albendazole is effective in controlling STH in children of Perobatang village, Southwest Sumba, Indonesia.

scholarly journals Multiple acquisitions of CTX-M plasmids in the rare D2 genotype of Escherichia coli provide evidence for convergent evolution

Microbiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 1656-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Deschamps ◽  
Olivier Clermont ◽  
Marie Claire Hipeaux ◽  
Guillaume Arlet ◽  
Erick Denamur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
M Gene ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Relationship

Over the last decade, CTX-M enzymes have become the most prevalent extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) worldwide, mostly in Escherichia coli, causing a major health problem. An epidemiological relationship has been established between a rare genotype of E. coli, the D2 genotype, and the presence of CTX-M genes. We investigated this striking association by exploring the genetic backgrounds of 18 D2 genotype CTX-M-producing strains and of the plasmids encoding CTX-M enzymes. The 18 strains had different genetic backgrounds, as assessed by multilocus sequence and O typing, and were associated with various plasmids bearing diverse CTX-M genes. The region encompassing the genetic marker of the D2 genotype (TSPE4.C2) was not correlated with the presence of CTX-M genes. CTX-M-producing D2 strains had far fewer virulence factors than a control group of 8 non-ESBL-producing D2 strains, and an inverse relationship was found between the number of co-resistances associated with the CTX-M gene and the number of virulence factors found in the strain. These findings provide evidence for multiple acquisitions of plasmids carrying CTX-M genes in different D2 genotype strains. They strongly suggest that convergent evolution has occurred, and indicate that there has been selection for the association of a specific genetic background of the strain and the CTX-M gene. This fine-tuning of the relationship between the D2 genotype and CTX-M genes presumably increases the fitness of the strain, indicating a role for the host cell in the acquisition and dissemination of CTX-M genes.

scholarly journals Nutritional status of alcoholics in peri-urban areas of the greater Accra region of Ghana

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (63) ◽  
pp. 8821-8836
Author(s):  
SS Klobodu ◽  
◽  
M Steiner-Asiedu ◽  
E Colecraft ◽  
AK Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Ethanol Intake ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Greater Accra Region

Alcoholism is a common problem in developing countries. Epidemiological studies on the relationship among excessive alcohol consumption, malnutrition and anaemia are inconclusive. The present study examined the association between alcohol intake and nutritional status of alcoholics in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The study was cross-sectional involving 107 participants (men and women) aged between 20 and 76 years. Participants were identified as alcoholics after screening with a combined, but modified CAGE and AUDIT questionnaires. Anthropometric data including weight, biceps skinfold thickness, triceps skinfold thickness, hip circumference and waist circumference were collected. Body mass index (BMI) and Waist-to-hip ratio were computed using appropriate measures. Haemoglobin levels of participants were also assessed. Dietary intakes of respondents were estimated by 24-hour recall which was further converted into nutrients and energy using ESHA food processor. A pretested questionnaire was also used to obtain data on sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics of participants. Differences between participants based on level of alcohol intake and correlations among variables were tested for statistical significance using ANOVA and correlation analyses, respectively. Logistic regression was performed to examine the relationship between levels of total ethanol intake and overweight and obesity factors while controlling for age, smoking status, physical activity and total energy intake. There was an inverse correlation between triceps skinfold and level of alcohol consumption irrespective of predominant type of alcoholic beverage consumed (r= -0.213, P= 0.028). Further, there was a positive correlation between alcohol consumption and hip circumference among predominant beer consumers (r= 0.585, P= 0.046). A strong positive correlation was observed between alcohol intake and haemoglobin concentration for women (r= 0.729, P= 0.040) but not among men (r= -0.053, P= 0.722). Predominant beer consumers tend to have higher weight and BMI. Moderate level of total ethanol intake was associated with greater odds of being overweight/obese, whereas high levels of intake was associated with lower odds of being overweight/obesity although these were not statistically significant. The mechanisms for the observation of higher weight, BMI and hip circumference among predominant beer consumers in this population need further exploration.

Association of consanguineous marriages with congenital anomalies

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Naveed ◽  
Sajeeha Nadeem ◽  
Amber Hassan ◽  
Imrana Tanvir
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cousin Marriage ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Consanguineous Marriages ◽  
Married Individuals

Congenital anomalies are a major health problem all over the world; especially it is important cause ofdeaths and birth defects, chronic illness and disability in infants. The major cause of this isconsanguineous marriages. Generation of cousin marriages have significant association with congenitalanomalies Objective: To find out the association of consanguineous marriages with congenitalanomalies present at the time of birth Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at District HeadQuarter Hospital, Okara from May to August, 2018. 100 adult individuals aged between 19 to 55 years, withand without cousin marriage of both genders were consecutively enrolled. Participants were assessedthrough pre-tested questionnaire, with prior written informed consent. Unwilling married individuals andindividuals from other hospitals were not selected Results: According to results there was a significantassociation between generation of cousin marriages with congenital anomalies present at the time ofbirth , as p value was 0.002 Conclusions: Study concluded that the generation of cousin marriages hassignificant association with congenital anomalies present at the time of birth and due to cousin marriage59% of the couples had congenital abnormalities in their children and 85% had genetic disorders.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor Determinan Kejadian Kek Pada Ibu Hamil Di RSIA Citra Keluarga Kediri Tahun 2015

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Ribut Eko Wijanti ◽  
Indah Rahmaningtyas ◽  
Suwoyo Suwoyo
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Chronic Energy Deficiency ◽  
Determining Factors

Undernutrition is still a major health problem in Indonesia, An example of undernutrition is chronic deficiency at pregnant woman. This incident brings an impact to the health of next generation, The research objective was determining factors with affect chronic energy deficiency at pregnant women in RSIA Citra Keluarga of Kediri. Design used in study is analytic method. The sampling technique used is accidental sampling. The population in this study were all pregnant womwn who reside in Antenatal Care to RSIA Citra Keluarga Kediri. The sample size used was 33 respondents.  The analysis results of Spearrman test were with alpha value = 5% were 1) Education p-value = 0,009. 2) Age p-value = 0,027, 3) Parity p-value = 0,999. 4) Range pregnant p-value = 0,999. Based on this study multivariate regresi model, the factors that affect chronic energy deficiency at pregnant women are OR value of the education variable is 12,000 and OR value of the age variable is 5,595. Conclution from the study sugegested which means 12 times the maternal education affect chronic energy deficiency, and means 5,595 times the maternal age affect chronic energy deficiency. So we must do the prevention by conseling and chech body mass index before pregnant.; Keywords : Incident of  Cronic  Deficiency  in  Pregnant Woman, The Dominant Affecting

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