scholarly journals The Interaction between Bradyrhizobium Japonicum E109 and Azospirillum Brasilense Az39 Improves Bradyrhizobium-Soybean Symbiosis: The Secrets Behind Co-Inoculation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Torres ◽  
Florencia Donadio ◽  
Gastón López ◽  
Romina Molina ◽  
Sofia Nievas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Nodule Number ◽  
Recovery Assay

Abstract Aims The aim of this work was evaluating the interaction between two of the most widely used strains for soybean inoculation in Argentina, B. japonicum E109 (BjE109) and A. brasilense Az39 (AbAz39). Methods Five treatments were performed: (i) uninoculated seeds; (ii) seeds inoculated with BjE109; (iii) seeds inoculated with AbAz39; (iv) seeds co-inoculated with BjE109 and AbAz39 in a 1:1 proportion (BjE109 + AbAz39) at the seeds sowing and (v) seeds inoculated with a 1:1 proportion of BjE109 and AbAz39 (BjE109-AbAz39) 24 h before seeds sowing. Each treatment was assessed through a seed recovery assay, glasshouse assays and field assays. Results The combination between the two strains improved the ability of BjE109 to survive on soybean seeds after inoculation partially explained by AbAz39’s capacity to produce diverse biologically active molecules. As a result of the greater rhizobial survival on seeds the nodulation values and symbiosis parameters like nodule number, size and biomass and nodulation percentage also increased. In agreement with these observations, combining BjE109 and AbAz39 at strains the grain yield under field conditions were 13,3 and 17,3% greater than single BjE109 inoculation. Conclusions These results here show that the pre-culture combining BjE109 and AbAz39 before the inoculation to the soybean seeds has benefits in plant nodulation and hence production, more than individual inoculation with BjE109 or AbAz39, or the immediate co-inoculation of both strains.

scholarly journals Co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in soybean cultivars subjected to water déficit

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra M. de L. Naoe ◽  
Joênes M. Peluzio ◽  
Leonardo J. M. Campos ◽  
Lucas K. Naoe ◽  
Roberta A. e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Soybean Plants

ABSTRACT This study aimed to verify the effect of co-inoculation, association between Azospirillum brasilense and Bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteria, on soybean plants subjected to water deficit at two sowing dates. Two field experiments were conducted at the Universidade Federal de Tocantins, campus of Palmas, Brazil, in 2016. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a split-split-plot arrangement with four repetitions, where the plots consisted of two irrigation depths (100 and 25% of crop evapotranspiration - ETc), the subplots was composed of two methods of inoculant application (inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense + Bradyrhizobium japonicum) and the sub-subplots comprised two soybean cultivars (TMG 132 and ANTA 82). The cultivars responded differently to the sowing dates. Co-inoculation did not influence grain yield under full irrigation conditions (100% ETc), in neither cultivar evaluated. However, under the water deficit condition (25% ETc), the grain yield of the cultivar TMG 132 increased 77.20%, indicating that there are different responses of interaction between Azospirillum brasilense, plant genotype and sowing dates.

scholarly journals Co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azospirillum brasilense on the physiological quality of soybean seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 2937-2950
Author(s):  
Paloma Helena da Silva Libório ◽  
◽  
Ivana Marino Bárbaro-Torneli ◽  
Marco Antonio Nogueira ◽  
Sandra Helena Unêda-Trevisoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Crop Season ◽  
Sand Box ◽  
Physiological Quality

The success of the soybean crop depends on the physiological quality of seeds, which can be favored by beneficial microorganisms, however, it may be impaired by unfavorable environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azospirillum brasilense on the physiological quality of soybean seeds obtained in the 2017/2018 crop season, from a field trial involving 23 cultivars submitted to co-inoculation (in-furrow) or without coinoculation. Plants were assessed for nodulation at R1 and, after harvest at R8, seeds were assessed for concentration of proteins, mass of thousand seeds, and seed physiological quality [(Germination, emergence of seedlings in sand, and Emergence Speed Index (ESI)]. In the average of cultivars, the number of nodules per plant increased from 36.0 in the control to 44.4 nodules with co-inoculation. Increases in the concentration of proteins and in the mass of thousand seeds due to co-inoculation were 5.6% and 34.7%, respectively. Seeds originated from co-inoculated plants had higher germination rate at the first (50% vs. 45.3%) and at the final (87% vs. 79.8%) countings, in addition to higher rate of seedlings emergence in sand box (83.3% vs. 80%), and higher ESI (18.5 vs. 17.4). The benefits of coinoculation were observed in 17 of 23 cultivars (74%) for at least two of the seven assessed variables. Considering only the minimal germination of 80%, the seeds originated from 10 non-inoculated cultivars could not be used, whereas for the co-inoculated plants this number fell to four.

scholarly journals Path Analysis in Soybean Under Drought Stress and Co-inoculated With Azospirillum brasilense

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Alessandra Maria de Lima Naoe ◽  
Joênes Mucci Peluzio ◽  
Lucas Koshy Naoe ◽  
Leonardo José Motta Campos ◽  
Waldesse Piragé de Oliveira Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Plot Design

The study was carried out with the objective of verifying the effect of the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense in the behavior of the morphological characteristics of cultivars soybean submitted to drought stress. Two experiments were carried in randomized blocks with a split-split plot design, with four replications. We evaluated the cultivars TMG 132 and ANTA 82. The treatments were subjected to two irrigation depths: total irrigation (100% of crop evapotranspiration) and irrigation with drought stress (25% of crop evapotranspiration) and co-inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense and inoculated whit only Bradyrhizobium japonicum. The coefficients of the correlation between the characteristics: leaf area, plant height, root length, number of nodules, shoot dry matter, root dry matter and nodule dry matter were analyzed, as well as the effects over the productivity through the path analisys. The drought stress did not alter the correlations between the studied characteristics; however the alteration happened due to the inoculation method. The path analysis showed that the root length was the only variable that had a direct effect on soybean grain yield, and this occurred only inoculation. In the co-inoculated treatments with Azospirillum brasilense, there were greater indirect effects in grain yield due the root dry matter and shoot dry matter.

scholarly journals Co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azospirillum brasilense in the Soybean Crop

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Cleudson J. Michelon ◽  
Anderson D. Schott ◽  
Vitor A. B. Rubin ◽  
Emanuele Junges ◽  
Thamara E. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root System ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Mass Number ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Soybean Crop

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effect of the co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (B. japonicum) and Azospirillum brasilense (A. brasilense) on the agronomic characteristics of the soybean crop in the central region of State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The experiment was conducted during three harvests (2016/2017, 2017/2018, 2018/2019), in the central region of the State of RS. The treatments were: T1-inoculation with 1 dose B. japonicum; T2-co-inoculation with 1 dose of B. japonicum + 1 dose of A. brasilense; T3-co-inoculation with 2 doses of B. japonicum + 1 dose of A. brasilense; T4-co-inoculation with 2 doses of B. japonicum + 2 doses of A. brasilense; T5-co-inoculation with 1 dose of B. japonicum + 2 doses of A. brasilense; T6-without inoculation (control). The determinations were: shoot and root system dry mass, number and dry mass of nodules, and grain yield. It was observed that the use of co-inoculation with 1 dose of B. japonicum + 2 doses of A. brasilense provided a higher dry mass of nodules and grain yield of the soybean crop.

scholarly journals Respostas de Componentes Produtivos de Soja a Inoculação de Biológicos em Campo

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5-esp.) ◽  
pp. 576-583
Author(s):  
Jorge González Aguilera ◽  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Rafael Felippe Ratke ◽  
Renato Jaqueto Goes ◽  
Natielly Pereira Da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Relative Productivity

O emprego de produtos biológicos no sistema de plantio direto constitui-se uma prática sustentável e com menor potencial poluente que o uso de produtos químicos. Nesta pesquisa objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho agronômico de três cultivares de soja após a inoculação pós emergente de biológicos no solo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema em parcelas subdivididas 3×5, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram a combinação de três cultivares (BRASMAX-FOCO-IPRO, BRASMAX-DESAFIO-IPRO e BRASMAX-BÔNUS-IPRO) e quatro biológicos [Azospirillum brasilense + Bradyrhizobium japonicum (1), BioAx (2), Trichoderma asperrellum (3), 1+2+3 (4)], mais um Controle (ausência de biológicos) (5). Foi avaliado a altura das plantas (AP), inserção do primeiro legume (IPL), número de legume por planta (PNL), número de grãos por legumes (NGL), massa de mil grãos (MMG) e produtividade (PROD). Os grãos colhidos, foram classificados por tamanho em peneiras de diâmetros de 7.5, 7.0, 6.5, 6.0, 5.5, 5.0 e 4.5 mm. A porcentagem de grãos retidos (RP) e a produtividade relativa de grãos retidos nas peneiras (PRGRP) foi calculada. Os resultados apontaram interações significativas (p<0,01) para as variáveis NGL, NGP, MMG, Ø6.5, Ø6.0, Ø5.5, Ø5.0, RP e PRGRP. O emprego de biológicos aplicados de modo post-emergente promove uma melhor qualidade fisiológica das sementes de soja se comparadas ao controle, ao considerar os diâmetros de Ø6.0 e Ø6.5.   Palavras-chave: Glycine max. Qualidade das Sementes. Azospirillum brasilense; Bradyrhizobium japonicum. BioAx; Trichoderma asperrellum.   Abstract The use of biological products in the no-tillage system is a sustainable practice with less polluting potential than the use of chemicals. This research aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of three soybean cultivars after the post-emergence inoculation of biologicals in the soil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in a  3 × 5 subdivided plots scheme, with three replications. The treatments were the combination of three cultivars (BRASMAX-FOCO-IPRO, BRASMAX-DESAFIO-IPRO and BRASMAX-BÔNUS-IPRO) and four biological [Azospirillum brasilense + Bradyrhizobium japonicum (1), BioAx (2), Trichoderma asperrellum (3) , 1 + 2 + 3 (4)], plus a Control (absence of biological products) (5). Plant height (PH), insertion of the first pods (IFP), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of grains per pods (NGP), mass of one thousand grains (MTG) and productivity (PROD) were evaluated. The harvested grains were classified by size in sieves with diameters of 7.5, 7.0, 6.5, 6.0, 5.5, 5.0 and 4.5 mm. The percentage of grains retained (GR) and the relative productivity of grains retained in the sieves (RPGRS) was calculated. The results showed significant interactions (p<0.01) for the variables NGP, NPP, MTG, Ø6.5, Ø6.0, Ø5.5, Ø5.0, GR and RPGRS. The use of biologically applied post-emergence promotes a better physiological quality of soybean seeds compared to the control, when considering the diameters of Ø6.0 and Ø6.5.   Keywords: Glycine max. quality of seeds. Azospirillum brasilense. Bradyrhizobium japonicum. BioAx; Trichoderma asperrellum.  

Further observations on the utility of N2-fixing micro-organisms in the phyllosphere of cereals

1986 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 673-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Samanta ◽  
S. P. Sen
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
N Content ◽  
Micro Organisms

SUMMARYThe utility of spraying some Na-fixing micro-organisms on rice (cv. Masuri and IR-26) and wheat (cv. Sonalika) leaves grown both in N2-less sand culture and under field conditions was examined. All the growth variables studied, including dry weight, chlorophyll content and N content of plants, were enhanced appreciably in N-less sand culture and under field conditions. The yield of rice cv. IR-26 per unit area was more than doubled or nearly so with Pseudomonas azotocolUgans, Ps. azotogensis, Klebsiella pneumoniae KUPBR2, K. pneumoniae KUP4, KUP6D, KUP7D, Azospirillum brasilense, Xanthobacter fiavus and K. rubiacearum. When rice cv. Masuri was used the grain weight was doubled by A. brasilense, Ps. azotocolUgans, Ps. azotogensis, KUPBR2, and KUP6D. Grain N content was increased appreciably in mostcases. The organisms also reduced acetylene to ethylene in the phyllosphere. In wheat cv. Sonalika grown in N-less sand culture, KUP4, KUPBR2, Ps. azotocolligans, A. brasilense, X. flavus, and KUP6D each doubled the N content of plants. Under field conditions Ps. azotocolligans gave the highest grain yield although grain yield was doubled by a large number of strains. N content of grains was also increased appreciably, the best result being given by KUP4.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilisation and Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum on the Fatty Acid Profile of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Seeds

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Ewa Szpunar-Krok ◽  
Anna Wondołowska-Grabowska ◽  
Dorota Bobrecka-Jamro ◽  
Marta Jańczak-Pieniążek ◽  
Andrzej Kotecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

Soybean is a valuable protein and oilseed crop ranked among the most significant of the major crops. Field experiments were carried out in 2016–2019 in South-East Poland. The influence of soybean cultivars (Aldana, Annushka), nitrogen fertilizer (0, 30, 60 kg∙ha−1 N) and inoculation with B. japonicum (control, HiStick® Soy, Nitragina) on the content of fatty acids (FA) in soybean seeds was investigated in a three-factorial experiment. This study confirms the genetic determinants of fatty acid composition in soybean seeds and their differential accumulation levels for C16:0, C16:1, C18:1n9, C18:2, C18:3, and C20:0 as well saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids. Increasing the rate from 30 to 60 kg ha−1 N did not produce the expected changes, suggesting the use of only a “starter” rate of 30 kg ha−1 N. Inoculation of soybean seeds with a strain of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (HiStick® Soy, BASF, Littlehampton, UK and Nitragina, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation–State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland) is recommended as it will cause a decrease in SFA and C16:0 acid levels. This is considered nutritionally beneficial as its contribution to total fatty acids determines the hypercholesterolemic index, and it is the third most accumulated fatty acid in soybean seeds. The interaction of cultivars and inoculation formulation on fatty acid content of soybean seeds was demonstrated. An increase in the value of C16:0 content resulted in a decrease in the accumulation of C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3 acids. The content of each decreased by almost one unit for every 1% increase in C16:0 content. The dominant effect of weather conditions on the FA profile and C18:2n6/C18:3n3 ratio was demonstrated. This suggests a need for further evaluation of the genetic progress of soybean cultivars with respect to fatty acid composition and content under varying habitat conditions.

scholarly journals Stress-induced expression of IPT gene in transgenic wheat reduces grain yield penalty under drought

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailin Beznec ◽  
Paula Faccio ◽  
Daniel J. Miralles ◽  
Leonor G. Abeledo ◽  
Cecilia Decima Oneto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Ipt Gene ◽  
Receptor Like Kinase ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Yield Penalty ◽  
Wild Type Control

Abstract Background The heterologous expression of isopentenyl transferase (IPT) under the transcriptional control of the senescence-associated receptor-like kinase (SARK) promoter delayed cellular senescence and, through it, increased drought tolerance in plants. To evaluate the effect of pSARK::IPT expression in bread wheat, six independent transgenic events were obtained through the biolistic method and evaluated transgene expression, phenology, grain yield and physiological biomass components in plants grown under both drought and well-irrigating conditions. Experiments were performed at different levels: (i) pots and (ii) microplots inside a biosafety greenhouse, as well as under (iii) field conditions. Results Two transgenic events, called TR1 and TR4, outperformed the wild-type control under drought conditions. Transgenic plants showed higher yield under both greenhouse and field conditions, which was positively correlated to grain number (given by more spikes and grains per spike) than wild type. Interestingly, this yield advantage of the transgenic events was observed under both drought and well-watered conditions. Conclusions The results obtained allow us to conclude that the SARK promoter-regulated expression of the IPT gene in bread wheat not only reduced the yield penalty produced by water stress but also led to improved productivity under well-watered conditions.

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