scholarly journals The Situation of Individuals Aged 70+ Years During the Corona Lockdown in Germany on the Example of the Population-based AugUR Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Brandl ◽  
Martina E. Zimmermann ◽  
Felix Günther ◽  
Helmut Küchenhoff ◽  
Julika Loss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
German Population ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Previous Visit

Abstract Background: Individuals aged 70+ were most threatened by COVID-19 and most targeted by shielding recommendations. However, there is limited understanding of the situation of this high-risk population during lockdown. Methods: We derived information via a written self-completion questionnaire sent out to our population-based AugUR study participants (aged 70+, living in/near Regensburg, Germany) shortly after the lift of the curfew in spring 2020 in Bavaria, Germany. This was combined with data from previous AugUR study center visits including medical history assessment, medical exams, and bio-probing, which enabled the comparison of pre- and during-pandemic assessments in the very same individuals. Results: Among 1,850 survey participants (73–98 years; net-response 89%), 74% were at increased risk for severe COVID-19 according to medical conditions (75% extrapolated to the German population aged 70+). Despite 92% have potentially been exposed, only four reported SARS-CoV-2 infection (0.2%). COVID-19 related symptoms were reported by 23%. Regarding lifestyle changes since lockdown, we found no trend towards increased smoking or drinking alcohol, but 34% reported increased sedentary behavior and 29% refrained from medical appointments. Worse QOL was perceived by 38%. Particularly women and the more educated were susceptible to these changes. When comparing lifestyle differences between survey and previous visit, the pattern was similar. Conclusions: Our presented data will help understand the situation of this vulnerable group in the pandemic. While a majority of individuals reported no changes towards a less healthy life style, about one third would benefit from help to sustain a healthy lifestyle when accommodating future strategies.

scholarly journals The Association of Sensory Impairment With Incident Disability-Related Cessation of Employment in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 216-216
Author(s):  
Ahmed Shakarchi ◽  
Emmanuel Garcia Morales ◽  
Nicholas Reed ◽  
Bonnielin Swenor
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sensory Impairment ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Adjusted Model

Abstract Sensory impairment (SI) is common among older adults, and it is an increasingly important public health challenge as the population ages. We evaluated the association between SI and incident disability-related cessation of employment in older adults using the population-based Health and Retirement Study. Participants employed in 2006 completed biennial interviews until self-reported incident disability-related cessation of employment. Participants were censored at loss to follow-up, retirement, or 2018. Participants rated their vision and hearing, using eyeglasses or hearing aids if applicable, on a Likert scale (poor, fair, good, very good, excellent). SI was defined as poor or fair ability, and SI was categorized as neither SI (NSI), vision impairment alone (VI), hearing impairment alone (HI), and dual SI (DSI). Cox proportional hazard regression assessed the association between SI and incident disability-related cessation of employment, adjusting for demographic and health covariates. Overall, 4726 participants were included: 421 (8.9%) were with VI, 487 (10.3) with HI, and 203 (4.3%) with DSI. Mean age was 61.0 ± 6.8 years, 2488 (52.6%) were women, and 918 (19.4) were non-White. In the fully adjusted model, incident disability-related cessation of employment over the 12-year follow-up period was higher in VI (Hazard Ratio (HR)=1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.92, 1.85), HI (HR=1.60, CI=1.16, 2.22), and DSI (HR=2.02, CI=1.38, 2.96). These findings indicate that employed older adults with SI are at increased risk of incident disability-related cessation of employment, and that older adults with DSI are particularly vulnerable. Addressing SI in older adults may lengthen their contribution to the workforce.

scholarly journals A study on associated risks of smoking, alcohol and smokeless tobacco on hypertension among advocates

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5114
Author(s):  
Shanthi Edward ◽  
Praveena Periasamy
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
District Court ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Advocates, being stressed out and depressed in the law profession due to unstable work pattern, work overload and lack in coping up skills. They thrive a lot to survive in the profession. In such circumstances, lawyers may lean on alcohol or tobacco. In view of above issues, one of the main objectives of the study is to evaluate the association between use of alcohol, tobacco, smoking and hypertension among practising advocates.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 300 practising advocates at Madurai district court for a period of 1 year by simple random sampling method. Data was collected using structured interview schedule and analysed using SPSS.Results: Around 263 (87.66%) study participants were non-smokers and 37 (12.33%) were tobacco smokers. Among the tobacco smokers, a majority of 24 (64.86%) were found to be hypertensives (p=0.002). In the current study among the alcohol consumers, a majority of 26 (55.32%) were hypertensives and among the non-consumers of alcohol, only 38.34% were hypertensives (p=0.044).Conclusions: Advocates being professionals are well educated, informative and aware of complications. Adoption of healthy life style practices, the prevalence of hypertension may be reduced among the advocate community. Life style modifications such as cessation of smoking, alcohol and tobacco should be adopted. Promotive activities like arrangement of health camps in the court, health education, counselling on self-care, stress bursting leisure time activities would reduce the dependency on tobacco and alcohol.

Factor V Leiden and the risk of stillbirth in a German population

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (09) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Grimm ◽  
Daniel Robinson ◽  
Constanze Robinson ◽  
Thomas Kohlmann ◽  
Gudrun Schuster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Sample ◽  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Population Based ◽  
German Population ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Factor V Leiden Mutation ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
North East ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Affected Woman

SummaryAn association between the factor V Leiden variant and an increased risk of pregnancy loss has been reported. Most previous studies were performed with clinically recruited patients and controls. This approach may cause selection bias. The present analysis was performed with the aim to investigate the association between the factor V Leiden mutation and the risk of stillbirth in a population-based sample.The Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) is a survey that was carried out in North East Germany. A random sample from the population aged 20 to 79 years was taken. The total SHIP population comprised 4,310 participants. The presence of the factor V Leiden variant was determined by PCR and Mnl I digestion. The presence of the factor V Leiden variant was neither associated with the number of pregnancies nor with the number of children per women. Data from 1,768 females who had at least one pregnancy with known outcome was available for the present analysis. Seventy-three women (4.1%) reported at least one stillbirth. Women with and without the factor V Leiden mutation did not differ with respect to the number of women with at least one stillbirth (OR for factor V Leiden variant 1.57; 95%-CI 0.76 – 3.25). Furthermore, the number of women with two or more stillbirths, the number of stillbirths per affected woman and the number of stillbirths per number of pregnancies per woman was similar between both genotype groups.In conclusion, there is no association between the factor V Leiden mutation and the risk of stillbirth in a representative population sample.

Lacune and Large Perivascular Space: Two Kinds of Cavities Are of Different Risk Factors and Stroke Risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-530
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Zhang ◽  
Fei Han ◽  
Xinyu Liang ◽  
Mingli Li ◽  
Dingding Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Study Participants

<b><i>Background and Purpose:</i></b> To compare the risk factors and risk of stroke between lacune and large perivascular spaces (PVSs) in a community-based sample. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Large PVSs were assessed using 3.0T MRI in a population-based cohort consisting of 1,204 participants. The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors, neuroimaging changes, and incidental stroke risk and the presence of lacune or large PVSs was assessed with univariate and multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 1,204 study participants (55.7 ± 9.3 years, 37.0% men), a total of 347 large PVSs were detected in 235 (19.5%) subjects, while a total of 219 lacunes were detected in 183 subjects (15.2%). The presence of lacunes was found to be significantly associated with age, male gender, hypertension, and diabetes, whereas only age (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) and ApoEε4 carrier status (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) were related to the presence of large PVSs. Those who had lacunes detected on MRI at baseline had a significant increased risk of stroke (hazard ratio [HR] 4.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–19.07) during the 3-year follow-up independent of age, gender, and other vascular risk factors. However, there was no significant relationship between the presence of large PVSs and incident stroke (HR 3.84; 95% CI, 0.82–18.04). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The lack of association between large PVSs and cardiovascular risk factors or risk of stroke indicated a nonvascular pathogenic mechanism underlying large PVSs, suggesting the importance of distinguishing large PVSs from lacunes in clinical practice.

P1588Beta-blocker therapy and risk of dementia: a population-based prospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Holm ◽  
F Ricci ◽  
G Di Martino ◽  
E Bachus ◽  
E D Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Beta Blocker ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mixed Dementia ◽  
Propensity Score Matching Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coronary Events ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Introduction Cerebral side effects have long been recognized as complications to beta-blocker treatment. However, evidence of a longitudinal relationship between the use of beta-blockers and incident dementiais still controversial. Objective To evaluate the longitudinal relationship between use of beta-blockers, as a class, and incident risk of all-cause dementia, vascular dementia, Alzheimer and mixed dementia. Methods From the prospective, population-based, Malmö Preventive Project, 18,063 individuals (mean age 68.2, males 63.4%) were included at baseline and followed for 84,506 person-years. Patients with prevalent cerebrovascular disease and dementia were excluded. In order to weight the risk of incident dementia associated with beta-blocker consumption, we performed propensity score matching analysis, resulting in 3,720 matched pairs of beta-blocker users and non-users at baseline, and multivariable Cox proportional-hazardsregression. Results Overall, 122 study participants (1.6%) were diagnosed with dementia over the course of follow-up. Use of beta-blockers was independently associated with increased risk of developing vascular dementia, regardless of confounding factors (HR: 1.72, 95% CI 1.01–3.78; p=0.048). Conversely, treatment with BB was not associated with increased risk of all-cause, Alzheimer and mixed dementia (HR: 1.15; 95% CI 0.80–1.66; p=0.44; HR: 0.85; 95% CI 0.48–1.54; P=0.59 and HR: 1.35; 95% CI 0.56–3.27; p=0.50, respectively). Conclusions and relevance We observed that use of beta-blockers, as a class, is associated with increased longitudinal risk of vascular dementia in the general elderly population, regardless of cardiovascular risk factors, prevalent or incident history of atrial fibrillation, stroke, coronary events and heart failure. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings in the general population and to explore the mechanisms underlying the relationship between use of beta-blockers and increased risk of vascular dementia.

scholarly journals Blunted Diurnal Cortisol Pattern Is Associated With Frailty: A Cross-Sectional Study of 745 Participants Aged 65 to 90 Years

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. E464-E468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamimatunnisa Johar ◽  
Rebecca T. Emeny ◽  
Martin Bidlingmaier ◽  
Martin Reincke ◽  
Barbara Thorand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cortisol Reactivity ◽  
Diurnal Cortisol ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Study Participants

Background: The role of neuroendocrine alterations in the etiology of frailty syndrome is still poorly understood. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation is a plausible candidate pathway contributing to frailty. Thus, we sought to examine the associations of diurnal cortisol secretion with frailty in older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 745 study participants (age 65–90 years, mean age 75.1 years) of the population-based KORA Age study. Associations between salivary cortisol measures at awakening (morning 1 [M1]), 30 minutes after awakening (M2), and evening (E) and frailty criteria were determined. Results: Lower cortisol levels in the first morning sample (M1) (P = .18) and M2 (P = .14) and increased E levels (P = .004) were observed in prefrail (35.17%, n = 262) and frail (3.36%, n = 25) individuals, in a dose-response manner. Frailty was strongly associated with smaller ratios of morning to evening levels; M1 to E ratio (P = .02) and M2 to E ratio (P = .003). Higher evening cortisol levels were associated with a 24% increased risk of a prefrail state (odds ratio, 1.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.44). A smaller morning to evening ratio was associated with an increased risk of low grip strength (1.42, 1.09–1.86) and gait speed (1.31, 1.02–1.68). Conclusion: Frailty status is associated with blunted cortisol reactivity as demonstrated by lower morning and higher evening salivary cortisol levels.

Healthy Life Style Behaviors and Quality of Life of Individuals During the COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-153
Author(s):  
Kübra Arslan ◽  
Birgül Çiçek ◽  
Hande Şahin ◽  
Sibel Erkal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
Healthy Life Style

This chapter aims to determine the effect of the Covid-19 epidemic period on individuals' healthy lifestyle behaviors and quality of life. This study was conducted with 370 individuals selected by simple random sampling using a survey technique. The data of the research was collected by questionnaire form. The ‘Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale II' validity and reliability studies of which were conducted by Bahar et al. (2008), and the ‘Quality of Life Scale Short Form' adapted by Eser et al. (1999) were used the measure healthy lifestyle behaviors and quality of life of individuals. The Mann-Whitney U (MWU) and Kruskal-Wallis (KW) tests were used. According to the results, quality of life and healthy life behaviors of the individuals participating in the study were above average. To prevent the adverse situations that may arise in individuals' healthy lifestyles and quality of life, it can be ensured that leisure activities are rearranged according to the existing conditions and individuals' awareness of this is increased.

scholarly journals The Impact of Physical Education Learning on Healthy Life Style Knowledge of Elementary School Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita Febria Friskawati ◽  
Agus Santosa ◽  
Reza Sanjaya
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
School Students ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
The Impact

Healthy lifestyle knowledge becomes a foundation that should be owned by elementary school students to improve their life wellbeing level in the future. This research aimed to find out the impact of Physical Education learning on the healthy life style knowledge of elementary school students. The research used an ex-post facto descriptive method on the population consisting of 112 grade six students of elementary public schools in Cimahi City. The samples of the study were 78 elementary students chosen through a convenience sampling technique. The instrument used was The Clean and Healthy Behavior Scale (TCHBS) with the reliability p=0.87. The data analysis used a descriptive percentage and one sample t-test on the SPSS 19.0 program. The result shows that the Physical Education instruction significantly affects the healthy life style knowledge of elementary school students, mostly on the student knowledge of dietary habit and physical activity.  The healthy lifestyle knowledge of elementary school students was not merely the responsibility of Physical Education teachers, but also their parents and surroundings. A further research is needed to examine the effectiveness of Physical Education program related to the school support and gender in improving knowledge as well as to implement the healthy lifestyle of the students.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Untreated Thyroid Dysfunctions in the Older Caucasian Adults: Results of Polsenior 2 Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kocelak ◽  
Malgorzata Mossakowska ◽  
Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka ◽  
Krzysztof Sworczak ◽  
Adam Wyszomirski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background: To determine the prevalence of treated and untreated thyroid dysfunction and to identify factors associated with increased risk of undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction in older adults.Methods The population of 5987 community-dwelling Polish Caucasian seniors aged 60 years and above who participated in the PolSenior 2 study (2018 – 2019). Population-based cross-sectional multidisciplinary study in design. Data from structured questionnaires, geriatric tests and scales were obtained from all study participants who underwent anthropometric and blood pressure measurements during three home visits. Assessment of thyroid function was based on TSH serum measurements.ResultsThe prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in the Polish population aged 60 years or above was estimated at 15.5% (21.5% in women and 7.2% in men), with 3.2% of undiagnosed individuals among them. The prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in the studied group was 13.9% (19.4% in women and 6.3% in men) and 1.6% (2.1% in women and 0.9% in men) respectively. In multiple regression analysis independent risk factors for thyroid disorders being untreated were older age (> 75 years), male sex, a low education level (primary or lower) and low utilization of medical services.Conclusions One-fifth of Polish Caucasian seniors with hypothyroidism and one-third with hyperthyroidism is untreated. Older, poorly educated and rarely utilizing medical services seniors, especially men, are more frequently untreated for thyroid dysfunction and some of them do not benefit from contemporary achievements of medicine.

scholarly journals Dokter Lubis Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Siti Marlina
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
School Children ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Children With Special Needs ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Prevention Services ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Peer Educator ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
Community Movement

.....The Indonesian government via a program called Healthy Living Community Movement (GERMAS) emphasizes the principle of healthy life style for community, family and individual to create healthy nation estimated number of children with special needs in Indonesia in 2015 is about 7-10% of the total number of children. In this regards, children with special needs should be assisted to achieve their better condition of health through healthy lifestyle. Handling of children with special needs aims at emphasizing the potential of the children rather than focusing on their barriers, and also maintaining an optimistic attitude to be able to provide medical, psychological, and prevention services. The various conditions of children with special needs are not an excuse to avoid them, but rather generate awareness on respect to the diversity of individuals and give attention and services as ideal as they need. One effort developed to handle children with special needs is the ‘Dokter Lubis’ program (school children as peer educator for children with special needs) which includes promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative activities......

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