scholarly journals COVID-19 and The Impact of Climatic Parameters: A Case Study of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehana Parvin
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Pm 2.5 ◽  
Lagged Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This study examines the relationship between climatic factors and the prevalence of COVID-19 in Bangladesh. Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient, and Kendall's correlation coefficient have all been put to use to assess the intensity and direction of the relationship between climatic factors and COVID-19. The lagged effects of climatic parameters on COVID-19 daily-confirmed cases from Bangladesh are being looked into using the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. As a result, two non-climatic variables, such as population density and the human development index, are taken into account as control variables. As climatic variables, average temperature (°C), average humidity (percent), average PM 2.5, and average wind speed (km/h) were well chosen. The time series data used in this analysis was from May 1, 2020 to April 14, 2021. The findings of correlation analysis indicate that there is an important, significant, and positive relationship between COVID-19 widespread and temperature (°C), humidity (percent), and wind speed (km/h), whereas there is a negative, weak, and significant relationship between PM 2.5 and COVID-19 widespread. In addition, the ARDL findings suggested that temperature (°C), PM 2.5, and wind speed (km/h) have major lagged effects on COVID-19 in Bangladesh, while humidity (percent) has negligible lagged effects. For policymakers and investors alike, the consequences of this study are important in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Indication of the Two Linear Correlation Methods Between Vegetation Index and Climatic Factors: An Example in the Three River-Headwater Region of China During 2000–2016

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 606
Author(s):  
Jiaxin Xu ◽  
Shibo Fang ◽  
Xuan Li ◽  
Zichun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The within-growing-season correlations (WGSC) and the inter-growing-season correlations (IGSC) are widely used linear correlation analysis methods between vegetation index and climatic factors (such as temperature, precipitation, and so on). The WGSC method usually calculates the linear correlation coefficient between vegetation index and climatic factors of each month in all the growing seasons, for instance, whether vegetation index or temperature had data of 204 months (12 months × 17 years) during 2000–2016 to get the WGSC. The IGSC calculates the linear correlation coefficient between the vegetation index and climatic factors in the same month of each growing season among all the years, for example, only 17 couples’ data of vegetation index and temperature during 2000–2016 were used to get the linear correlation of IGSC. What is the difference between the results of the two methods and why do the results show that difference? Which is the more suitable method for the analysis of the relationship between the vegetation index and climatic conditions? To clarify the difference of the two methods and to explore more about the relationship between the vegetation index and climatic factors, we collected the data of 2000–2016 moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) 13A1 normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the meteorological data-temperature and precipitation, then calculated WGSC and IGSC between NDVI and the climatic factor in three river-headwater regions of China. The results showed that: (1) As for WGSC, the more of the years included, the higher the correlation coefficient between NDVI and the temperature/precipitation. The correlation coefficient of WGSC is dependent on how many years’ the data were included, and it was increased with the more year’s data included, while the correlation coefficients of IGSC are relatively independent on the amount of the data; (2) the WGSC showed a pseudo linear correlation between NDVI and climatic conditions caused by the accumulation of data amount, while the IGSC can more accurately indicate the impact of climatic factors on vegetation since it did not rely on the data amount.

scholarly journals Dominant climatic factors driving annual runoff changes at the catchment scale across China

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2573-2587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongwei Huang ◽  
Hanbo Yang ◽  
Dawen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Net Radiation ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. With global climate changes intensifying, the hydrological response to climate changes has attracted more attention. It is beneficial not only for hydrology and ecology but also for water resource planning and management to understand the impact of climate change on runoff. In addition, there are large spatial variations in climate type and geographic characteristics across China. To gain a better understanding of the spatial variation of the response of runoff to changes in climatic factors and to detect the dominant climatic factors driving changes in annual runoff, we chose the climate elasticity method proposed by Yang and Yang (2011). It is shown that, in most catchments of China, increasing air temperature and relative humidity have negative impacts on runoff, while declining net radiation and wind speed have positive impacts on runoff, which slow the overall decline in runoff. The dominant climatic factors driving annual runoff are precipitation in most parts of China, net radiation mainly in some catchments of southern China, air temperature and wind speed mainly in some catchments in northern China.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Tax Revenue and Economic Growth in Nepal: A Co-integration Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Gautam Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Error Correction Model ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The main objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between tax revenue and economic growth in Nepal. The 43 years' annual time series data from 1974/75 to 2016/17 of GDP, tax revenue and nontax revenue have been used to test the causal relationship of the variables. A unit root test, Engle-Granger’s co-integration and Error Correction Model have been applied for the data analysis. The variables have been found stationary after first differencing I(1) when Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test is employed. From Engel-Granger test, it has been found that the variables are co-integrated. The short-term coefficients are not significant, however error correction term (ECT) is significant and contains a negative sign in the error correction model (ECM). It validates the ECM model. The ECT has shown that the annual speed of adjustment from disequilibrium to equilibrium is 34.3 percent. So far as the relationship is concerned, there is a long run relationship between tax revenue and economic growth in Nepal controlling the non-tax revenue. The impact of tax revenue on economic growth could be a good impetus for the policy maker and planner to increase the collection of revenue for the country.

The double-edge resource-based view of logistics performance and governance in Asian countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 652-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bee Hui Koh ◽  
Wai Peng Wong ◽  
Chor Foon Tang ◽  
Ming K. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Trade Facilitation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeAsia has been transformed into a well-regulated dynamic platform for trade and is today world’s fastest-developing economic region. However, the increasing cross-border economic activities create new opportunities for corruption. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of corruption on trade facilitation using logistics performance index (LPI). This paper also examines the moderating effect of governance or government effectiveness (GE) on the relationship between corruption and LPI within Asian countries.Design/methodology/approachA panel of time-series data from year 2007 to 2014 of 26 Asian countries was collected for analysis. Static linear panel models which comprised of pooled ordinary least squares, fixed-effect model and random-effect model were utilised to analyse the panel data.FindingsThe findings show that corruption significantly affects LPI and each of the six dimensions in LPI. The results also show that governance or GE has a moderating effect on the relationship between corruption and LPI.Practical implicationsThis study benefits Asian governments to gain a better understanding on influences of corruption on trade facilitation and triggering suggestions of a government role in the relationship. Practically, the results could be used as a guideline in improving national LPI. Besides, the findings could be used to support policy decision to modify corruption regulations at the national and regional levels.Originality/valueThis study reveals that the optimistic view of sands in the wheel overcomes the dark side of the grease in the wheel practices. To be corrupt free or less corrupt is a rare and inimitable resource capability that makes nations logistically competitive.

scholarly journals The influence of tourism development on the economic structure of the population of Belgrade

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Marko Sedlak ◽  
Dejan Šabić ◽  
Snežana Vujadinović
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The paper analyzed the impact of tourism development on changes in the employed population in the service sectors by individual activities. The aim of this paper is to point out the relationship between changes in the number of tourists and changes in the number of employed population in service activities. The area of research is limited to the territory of the city of Belgrade. It cover an area of 3.223km2 . The basic methodological procedures used for research are mathematical - statistical methods: Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), testing the significance of the correlation coefficient (t test) and causal relationship (R). By applying the mentioned methods, a strong connection has been established between the growth of tourist traffic and the growth of the number of employed population in the service delivery activities on the territory of Belgrade.

scholarly journals Relationship between Climatic Variables and Reproduction Number (R0) of Confirmed COVID-19 Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azad Rasul
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
High Wind Speed ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract Most transmittable diseases appear in a specific season and the effect of climate on COVID-19 is of special interest. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between climatic variables and R0 of COVID-19 cases in one hundred areas around the world. The daily confirmed cases COVID-19 and climatic data of each area per day from January 2020 to March 2021 are utilized in the study. The GWR and MLR methods were used to identify the relationship between R0 of COVID-19 cases and climatic variables. The MLR results showed a significant (p-value < 0.05) weak inverse relationship between R0 of COVID-19 cases and wind speed, but a positive significant (p-value < 0.01) relationship with precipitation. It implies that lower COVID-19 cases were recorded with high wind speed and low precipitations. Based on GWR, R0 of COVID-19 infection against principal climatic variables has found statistically significant using Monte Carlo p-value test and the effect of climatic variables on COVID-19 infection appears to vary geographically. However, besides climatic variables, many socio-economic factors could influence the virus transmission and will be considered in future studies.

scholarly journals THE EXCHANGE RATE REGIME AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE: EVIDENCE FROM GHANA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Adubofour Isaac
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The degree of fluctuation of a country’s currency in relation to other currencies is an important factor in determining her foreign trade position. The study employed both theoretical and empirical approaches to examine Ghana’s real exchange rate and the impact on her foreign trade. A time series data, spanning from 1991 to 2019 was analyzed in an attempt to establish the relationship between exchange rate and economic growth. It is argued in the study that exchange rate has impact on a country’s export volumes. A verification on the relationship between labour force and international trade was also conducted. The study was also extended to examining the impact of a country’s access to stable electric power on export volumes. Findings of the study revealed a statistically significant and inverse association existing between exchange rate and international trade. The study also found that, wide electricity coverage has statistically significant and direct effect on foreign trade, resulting from an increased production capacity due to the availability of electric power. The study however found no suggestive evidence to support the claim that, labour force has impact on her foreign trade. A test on granger causality found no causal linkage between the variables. KEYWORDS: Exchange rate, international trade, labour force, exports.

scholarly journals A Micro-Scale Cyclone-Wind Turbine for Rooftop Ventilator

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Unggul Wibawa ◽  
Akhmad Frandicahya Permadi ◽  
Rini Nur Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Power System ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Battery Power ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
System Output ◽  
System Data ◽  
Wind Power System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper analyzes the model of a cyclone-turbine for a micro-scale wind-power system being motivated by an idea to harvest the abandoned energy from rooftop ventilators. The system under consideration has been equipped with a battery to form a wind-battery power system. Data obtained from a wind site observation have been used to calculate the potentially generated power and efficiency, as well as the mechanical and electrical designs to extract the energy. The design has been explored to obtain the best efficiency of the cyclone-turbine model. The impact of wind-speed variation on the resulted system output has been investigated during the charging process of battery. The conclusion emphasizes the relationship between the output power and the range values of the resulted current and voltage, as well as the optimum wind speed-range of the cyclone-turbine operation.

scholarly journals The Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth in Palestine: An Empirical Evidence

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Nemer Badwan ◽  
Mohammed Atta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Chow Test ◽  
Palestinian Economy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth in Palestine by considering time series data of the last twenty years from (2000-2019). Foreign Aid's Impact on the Palestinian Economy explored with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as the dependent variable against few selected independent variables such as Foreign Aid, Remittance, Investment, Labour Force and Lagged (GDP). This study used the Partial Adjustment Model to analyze the Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth in Palestine and also applied the (Chow Test) to examine whether there was a Structural Breakthrough in the Palestinian Economy. The results indicate that Foreign Aid has a positive relationship with (GDP). However, the relationship is not significant since the higher volume of Foreign Aid used in Humanitarian and Social Welfare rather than Production Activities in the real sectors. (Chow Test) shows that the relationship between Foreign Aid (GDP) has not witnessed a Structural Breakthrough in the Palestinian Economy over the past twenty years. In light of these empirical results, we suggest that Government Policy-Makers and Decision-Makers allocate this Foreign Aid to Productive Sectors and Human Capital formation (HC) activities with a special focus on capital expenditures to achieve a high rate of the country's Economic Growth and Development and to meet the periodic plan and Long-Term Development goals.

scholarly journals Temperature, humidity, and wind speed are associated with lower Covid-19 incidence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazrul Islam ◽  
Sharmin Shabnam ◽  
A Mesut Erzurumluoglu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Speculative Hypothesis ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn absence of empirical research data, there has been considerable speculative hypothesis on the relationship between climatic factors (such as temperature and humidity) and the incidence of Covid-19. This study analyzed the data from 310 regions across 116 countries that reported confirmed cases of Covid-19 by March 12, 2020, and found that temperature, humidity, and wind speed were inversely associated with the incidence rate of Covid-19 after adjusting for the regional and temporal trend in the incidence of Covid-19, columnar density of ozone, precipitation probability, sea-level air-pressure, and length of daytime.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document