scholarly journals Geographical Distribution and Impact of Backyard Chicken Varieties in India: A Retrospective Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Rajkumar Ullengala ◽  
L L L Prince ◽  
S V Rama Rao ◽  
R N Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Government Agencies ◽  
Total Contribution ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Retrospective Assessment ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Parent Stock ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Backyard Chicken

Abstract The data collected on distribution of improved chicken varieties over the past 25 years (1992–2017) from the ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad (ICAR-DPR), poultry seed project centres (PSP) and other Government agencies who had taken parent stock from ICAR-DPR, were analysed to estimate the impact of the backyard poultry. A total of 7.56 million improved chicken germplasm (27%) to 20.37 thousand stakeholders from ICAR-DPR, Hyderabad and 1.7 million (6.09 %) to 28.38 thousand stakeholders from PSP were distributed during 1992–2017. Other agencies distributed 18.67 million (66.85%) germplasm to 311.17 thousand stakeholders. The majority of the beneficiaries were from southern region (35%) followed by central (23.4%) and eastern (20.8%) region of the country. Of the total varieties, Vanaraja constituted about 52% of the total germplasm followed by Gramapriya (38%). The share of improved chicken germplasm increased from 0.01 (1992) to 0.41% (2012) in the poultry population of India i.e., from 100 to 9433 indices as compared to 100 to 244 of the country. Contribution of improved germplasm to the Indian economy increased from 1.9 (8th plan) to 62. 5 (12th Plan) million USD. The total contribution during the 25 years was estimated to be about 168.7 million USD to Indian economy. Higher productivity of birds increased the income leading to socio-economic development of farmers. The study concluded that backyard poultry significantly contributed to the national economy and improved the livelihoods of the rural and tribal people, which needs to be further strengthened across the different geographical regions of the country.

scholarly journals Is Issue Management evolving or progressing towards extinction: A status review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Issue Management ◽  
Development Issue ◽  
The Past ◽  
Community Expectations ◽  
New Community ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

After almost 40 years of development, issue management has reached a point where it could either fade out of fashion or continue evolving into new forms. Reviewing both the past and possible future, four major trends are identified – migration of the discipline beyond the corporation to Government agencies and NGOs; the impact of social media and the rise of new community expectations; continuing developments in the relationship between issue management and crisis management; and the challenge of how issue management is positioned within organizations and among other management activities. Each of these trends is analysed to assess its impact on the future of issue management, and how the roles of corporate and non-corporate players will likely have significantly different influences on shaping its survival.

scholarly journals Physical-geographical conditions of the creating and developing of the small cities of Lviv region

2015 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Yuriy Zhuk
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Small City ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The Impact

Small cities serve important functions in the territorial and economic system of the country. They are essential elements of the settlement network, which involved in industrial production, agricultural service of the surrounding areas, perform the transport functions. They are cultural, recreational and scientific centres. Significant impact on the functioning of small cities is connected with natural factors – the relief, climate, forests, land and mineral resources. Combined with the historical development, they played a crucial role in the formation of settlement network. Influence of terrain, including its plainness, the proximity of groundwater affects the location of settlements in high, watershed areas, the size of settlements, settlement features. The impact of physical-geographical conditions of Lviv region on creation and development of small cities are described in the article. The classification of small cities of Lviv region by the physicalgeographical regions was done. The physical-geographical regions of Lviv region and their suitability for the creating of the cities in the past are analysed. Keywords: a small city, physical-geographical conditions, the natural potential of the area.

scholarly journals Impact of Foreign Direct Investment in Indian Economic Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S10) ◽  
pp. 210-213
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Indian Stock Market ◽  
The Impact

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is always shows good impact in the growth of Indian economy and Foreign Direct Investment is the wonderful weapon device in the hands of Government of India. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) plays vital role in an Indian economy. The new economic policy of liberalization, privatization and globalization pointed out in 1991 induced the policy of foreign direct investment. Hence the foreign direct investment is an inevitable one in our economy. FDI plays a multifaceted role in the overall development of any economy. FDI is often preferred over Foreign Institutional Investments (FII) as it considered to be the most beneficial form of foreign investment in an economy. FDI plays a multifaceted role in the complete development of any economy. It provides a new source for capital, can lead to technological up gradation, skill enhancement and allocate efficiency effects. While FDI is forecast to create clear impact on the economy, it has also contributed in certain adverse impact on Indian economy during the past few years. The present study is organized to study the correlation and investigate the impact of FDI on Indian economy. The flow of FDI for the past 15 years was taken for study (2003-2018). The consequences were studied by testing the correlation with the country’s GDP and Stock Market Indices. Sensex and Nifty were calculated as the authenticated representative of Indian Stock Market. The study concludes that flow of FDI into the country plays a dominant role in deciding the stock market movements

Fluorescent potentiometric dyes for membrane-potential imaging

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
Leslie M. Loew
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Excitable Systems ◽  
Major Application ◽  
The Impact

A major application of potentiometric dyes has been the multisite optical recording of electrical activity in excitable systems. After being championed by L.B. Cohen and his colleagues for the past 20 years, the impact of this technology is rapidly being felt and is spreading to an increasing number of neuroscience laboratories. A second class of experiments involves using dyes to image membrane potential distributions in single cells by digital imaging microscopy - a major focus of this lab. These studies usually do not require the temporal resolution of multisite optical recording, being primarily focussed on slow cell biological processes, and therefore can achieve much higher spatial resolution. We have developed 2 methods for quantitative imaging of membrane potential. One method uses dual wavelength imaging of membrane-staining dyes and the other uses quantitative 3D imaging of a fluorescent lipophilic cation; the dyes used in each case were synthesized for this purpose in this laboratory.

Perceived Burden of Informal Caregivers of a Chronically Ill Older Family Member

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Gräßel ◽  
Raffaela Adabbo
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Hypothetical Construct ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

The burden of caregivers has been intensively researched for the past 30 years and has resulted in a multitude of individual findings. This review illustrates the significance of the hypothetical construct of perceived burden for the further development and design of the homecare situation. Following explanations regarding the term informal caregiver, we derive the construct burden from its conceptual association with the transactional stress model of Lazarus and Folkman. Once the extent and characteristics of burden have been set forth, we then present the impact of perceived burden as the care situation. The question of predictors of burden will lead into the last section from which implications can be derived for homecare and relief of caregivers.

Soziale Disziplinierung im flexiblen Kapitalismus

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (136) ◽  
pp. 339-356
Author(s):  
Tobias Wölfle ◽  
Oliver Schöller
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Municipal Level

Under the term “Hilfe zur Arbeit” (aid for work) the federal law of social welfare subsumes all kinds of labour disciplining instruments. First, the paper shows the historical connection of welfare and labour disciplining mechanisms in the context of different periods within capitalist development. In a second step, against the background of historical experiences, we will analyse the trends of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” during the past two decades. It will be shown that by the rise of unemployment, the impact of labour disciplining aspects of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” has increased both on the federal and on the municipal level. For this reason the leverage of the liberal paradigm would take place even in the core of social rights.

Regulatory and sustainability initiatives lead to improved polyaminopolyamide epichlorohydrin (PAE) wet-strength resins and paper products

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (09) ◽  
pp. 519-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Crisp ◽  
Richard Riehle
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Wet Strength ◽  
The Past ◽  
Consumer Safety ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Sustainability Initiatives ◽  
The Impact

Polyaminopolyamide-epichlorohydrin (PAE) resins are the predominant commercial products used to manufacture wet-strengthened paper products for grades requiring wet-strength permanence. Since their development in the late 1950s, the first generation (G1) resins have proven to be one of the most cost-effective technologies available to provide wet strength to paper. Throughout the past three decades, regulatory directives and sustainability initiatives from various organizations have driven the development of cleaner and safer PAE resins and paper products. Early efforts in this area focused on improving worker safety and reducing the impact of PAE resins on the environment. These efforts led to the development of resins containing significantly reduced levels of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD), potentially carcinogenic byproducts formed during the manufacturing process of PAE resins. As the levels of these byproducts decreased, the environmental, health, and safety (EH&S) profile of PAE resins and paper products improved. Recent initiatives from major retailers are focusing on product ingredient transparency and quality, thus encouraging the development of safer product formulations while maintaining performance. PAE resin research over the past 20 years has been directed toward regulatory requirements to improve consumer safety and minimize exposure to potentially carcinogenic materials found in various paper products. One of the best known regulatory requirements is the recommendations of the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), which defines the levels of 1,3-DCP and 3-MCPD that can be extracted by water from various food contact grades of paper. These criteria led to the development of third generation (G3) products that contain very low levels of 1,3-DCP (typically <10 parts per million in the as-received/delivered resin). This paper outlines the PAE resin chemical contributors to adsorbable organic halogens and 3-MCPD in paper and provides recommendations for the use of each PAE resin product generation (G1, G1.5, G2, G2.5, and G3).

Assessment of small businesses activities in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Igor Ponomarenko ◽  
Kateryna Volovnenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Enterprises

The subject of the research is a set of approaches to the statistical analysis ofthe activities of small business entities in Ukraine, including micro-enterprises. The purpose of writing this article is to study of the features of functioningof small business entities in Ukraine. Methodology. The research methodology isto use a system-structural and comparative analysis (to study the change in thenumber of small enterprises by major components); monographic (when studyingmethods of statistical analysis of small businesses); economic analysis (when assessing the impact of small business entities on socio-economic phenomena andprocesses in Ukraine). The scientific novelty consists to determine the features ofthe functioning of small businesses in Ukraine in modern conditions. The influenceof the activities of the main socio-economic and political indicators on the activities of small enterprises in recent periods of time has been identified. It has beenestablished that there is flexibility in the development of strategies by small businesses in conditions of significant competition, which makes it possible to quicklyrespond to changing situations in specific markets. Conclusions. The use of acomprehensive statistical analysis of small businesses functioning in Ukraine willallow government agencies to develop a set of measures to optimize the activitiesof these enterprises, which ultimately will positively affect the strengthening oftheir competitiveness and will contribute to the growth of the national economicsystem.

Overseas Development Administration. A Guide to Social Analysis for Projects in Developing Countries. London: HMSO. 1995. viii+248 pages. Hardbound. £18.95.

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-190
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Social Analysis ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overseas Development

This book, hereinafter referred to as the Guide, has been developed for those social analysts (e.g., anthropologists, sociologists, and human geographers) who have had little or no practical experience in applying their knowledge as development practitioners. In the past, development projects would be analysed from a narrow financial and economic perspective. But with the evolution of thinking on development, this narrow financial and economic aspect has now been broadened to include the impact on society as the very meaning of development has now come to symbolise social change. Thus, development is not restricted only to plans and figures; the human environment in its entirety is now considered for analysis while designing and implementing development projects.

The Impact of War on Population Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Turkan Ahmet
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The Impact

The past few decades of ongoing war in Iraq has had a dramatic impact on the health of Iraq’s population. Wars are known to have negative effects on the social and physical environments of individuals, as well as limit their access to the available health care services. This paper explores the personal experiences of my family members, who were exposed to war, as well as includes information that has been reviewed form many academic sources. The data aided in providing recommendations and developing strategies, on both local and international levels, to improve the health status of the populations exposed to war.

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