scholarly journals Social distance regulation for control of COVID-19 may foster the global obesity pandemic: Social distancing increases the desire for food

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yevvon Yi-Chi Chang ◽  
Wen-Hsiung Wu ◽  
Wen-Bin Chiou
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Human Motivation ◽  
Distance Regulation ◽  
And Control

Abstract Social distance regulations have been suggested as one of the best ways to control and prevent the spread of coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Social connection and food are intertwined because both have played critical evolutionary roles in human survival. We tested whether the substitutability hypothesis in human motivation applies here in that cues signaling scarcity in one domain (e.g., social connection) might enhance the desire to acquire resources in another domain (e.g., food). In a laboratory experiment (N = 118), we found that, compared with controls, participants primed with social distancing consumed more ice cream in a taste test and reported a greater likelihood that they would engage in binge eating if they were placed in home quarantine. We may be the first to provide experimental evidence that social distancing can enhance the desire for food. The link between social distancing and the desire for food is pertinent to understanding how strongly social distance regulations may influence weight gain. Our findings have far-reaching implications for weight control under social distance regulations for prevention and control of COVID-19.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in South Korea: Proper timing for Easing Mask mandates after COVID-19 Vaccination

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yun-Jung Kang
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Proper Timing ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

Abstract As of 25 July 2021, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency reported 1,422 new COVID-19 cases, 188,848 total cases, and 2.073 total deaths (1.10% fatality rates). Since the first SARS-CoV-2 case was reported, efforts to find a treatment and vaccine against COVID-19 have been widespread. Four vaccines are on the WHO’s emergency use listing and are approved of their usage; BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, AZD1222, and Ad26.COV2.S. Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 need at least 14 days to achieve effectiveness. Thus, people should abide by prevention and control measures, including wearing masks, washing hands, and social distancing. However, a lot of new cases were reported after vaccinations, as many people did not follow the prevention control measures before the end of the 14 days period. There is no doubt we need to break free from mask mandates. But let us not decide the timing in haste. Even if the mask mandates are eased, they should be changed depending on the number of reported cases, vaccinations, as well as prevention and control measures on how circumstances are changing under the influence of mutant coronavirus.

scholarly journals Perilaku Masyarakat terhadap Gerakan 3M (Memakai Masker, Mencuci Tangan, dan Menjaga Jarak) sebagai Upaya Pencegahan dan Pengendlian Covid-19 di Desa Moyag Kecamatan Kotamobagu Timur

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Darmin Darmin ◽  
◽  
Moh. Rizki Fauzan ◽  
Muhammad Ichsan Hadiansyah ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
The Public ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
And Control

Introduction: COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new Corona virus that can cause mild symptoms such as runny nose, sore throat, fever, and cough. Anticipating an increase in the spread and number of infections, the public is encouraged to adopt a healthy lifestyle according to health protocols during the Corona virus pandemic. Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine the behavior of the community towards the 3M movement in the prevention and control of covid-19 in Moyag village, East Kotamobagu sub-district. Methods:The population of this study is the community in Moyag village which operates 763 families divided into 9 hamlets. The sampling technique in this study used a systematic random sampling technique. The number of samples in this study after using the slovin formula was obtained as many as 88 samples and rounded up to 100 samples. The population of this study was the community in Moyag village which collected 763 families divided into 9 hamlets. The sampling technique in this study used a systematicrandom sampling technique. The number of samples in this study after using the Slovin formula obtained as many as 88 samples and rounded up to 100 samples. Results:Based on the results of the study, only 54% of respondents applied the 3M health protocol,only 48% of respondents wore masks, only 37% of respondents who washed their hands, and only 35% of respondents who kept their distance. Conclusion:community behavior in Moyag village in general shows that the community has not implemented health protocols properly. In fact, most people do not follow health protocols to maintain social distance.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards prevention of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) among Bangladeshi population

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Shah Md. Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
A Akter ◽  
KF Mostari ◽  
S Ferdousi ◽  
IJ Ummon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
World Health ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
And Control ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Cornonavirus disease (COVID-19) has been declared pandemic by the World Health Organization on the 11th March 2020. The knowledge, attitudes and practices of the population towards the COVID-19, play an integral role in determining community’s readiness to engage themselves in government measures including behavioural change in prevention and control of the disease. Objectives: The study was aimed to determine the knowledge levels, attitudes and practices towards the COVID-19 among the Bangladeshi population. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 1549 adult population across Bangladesh including Dhaka city and rural areas during March-April 2020. Data were collected using a structured and pretested questionnaire through online, self-administered and face to face interview. The study instrument consisted of 7 items on socio-demographic characteristics, 12 items on knowledge, 4 items on attitudes and 5 items on practices related to COVID-19. Independent sample t-tests, chi-square tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and binary logistic regression were performed to assess the attitudes and practices in relation to knowledge. Results: Of the total 1549 study population, 1249 were interviewed online, 194 were self-administered and 106 were through face to face interview. The lowest level of knowledge prevailed among the above 50 years’ age group regarding the disease, which was higher among female (p=0.03), and more among the respondents having education level below graduation (p=0.000; OR=1.6, χ2=17.6). Of the total respondents, 73.5% having negative attitude towards use of face mask, though 69.8% having the appropriate knowledge on mode of transmission of the virus (p=0.000). Though, 51.6% of the study population, having adequate knowledge, but only 52.1% using face mask (p>0.05) and 51.8% practicing hand washing (p>0.05). More than 70.0% respondents having knowledge on social distancing, but only 50.0% was practicing it. Male respondents had 1.5 times more knowledge about the social distancing than the female counterpart (p=0.000). Conclusion: Public awareness campaign should be enhanced critically focusing the target audience covering the knowledge gaps, motivation for appropriate practices and further improvement of attitudes towards prevention and control of COVID-19 in Bangladesh thus suggested. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2020; 46(2): 73-82

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF SARS-COV-2 VACCINES - A BIG CHALLENGE ?

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Saumya Srivastava ◽  
Vandana Sardana
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and the resulting disease, the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19), have spread to millions of persons worldwide resulting in pandemic.The cases of Covid 19 doesn't seem to end to soon.There are about sixty-two million six hundred nineteen thousand three hundred ninety-ninecases at present in the world with India ranking second after USA with nine million three hundred ninetythree thousand thirty-nine cases.Adoption of infection prevention and control practices such as hand hygiene, respiratory etiquettes, and maintaining social distance are the important strategies for the containment of this deadly and stubborn novel corona virus.The multiple vaccine candidates are under trials,to evaluate their clinical efficacy.The vaccination aims is to generate immunity against COVID-19 and to protect oneself against the disease and limits the spread of disease to close contact

scholarly journals Traffic control and social distancing evidence from COVID-19 in China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252300
Author(s):  
Shanlang Lin ◽  
Ruofei Lin ◽  
Na Yan ◽  
Junpei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Epidemic Control ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
And Control

We collected COVID-19 epidemiological and epidemic control measures-related data in mainland China during the period January 1 to February 19, 2020, and empirically tested the practical effects of the epidemic control measures implemented in China by applying the econometrics approach. The results show that nationally, both traffic control and social distancing have played an important role in controlling the outbreak of the epidemic, however, neither of the two measures have had a significant effect in low-risk areas. Moreover, the effect of traffic control is more successful than that of social distancing. Both measures complement each other, and their combined effect achieves even better results. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the measures currently in place in China, however, we would like to emphasize that control measures should be more tailored, which implemented according to each specific city’s situation, in order to achieve a better epidemic prevention and control.

scholarly journals Which Measures are Effective in Containing COVID-19? — Empirical Research Based on Prevention and Control Cases in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanlang Lin ◽  
Junpei Huang ◽  
Ziwen He ◽  
Dandan Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
And Control

AbstractVarious epidemic prevention and control measures aimed at reducing person-to-person contact has paid a certain cost while controlling the epidemic. So accurate evaluation of these measures helps to maximize the effectiveness of prevention and control while minimizing social costs. In this paper, we develop the model in Dirk Brockmann and Dirk Helbing (2013) to theoretically explain the impact mechanism of traffic control and social distancing measures on the spread of the epidemic, and empirically tests the effect of the two measures in China at the present stage using econometric approach. We found that both traffic control and social distancing measures have played a very good role in controlling the development of the epidemic. Nationally, social distancing measures are better than traffic control measures; the two measures are complementary and their combined action will play a better epidemic prevention effect; Traffic control and social distancing do not work everywhere. Traffic control only works in cities with higher GDP per capita and population size, while fails in cities with lower GDP per capita and population size. In cities with lower population size, social distancing becomes inoperative; the rapid and accurate transmission of information, a higher protection awareness of the public, and a stronger confidence of residents in epidemic prevention can promote the realization of the measure effects. The findings above verify the effectiveness and correctness of the measures implemented in China at present, at the same time, we propose that it is necessary to fully consider the respective characteristics of the two measures, cooperating and complementing each other; what’s more, measures should be formulated according to the city’s own situation, achieving precise epidemic prevention; Finally, we should increase the transparency of information, improve protection awareness of the public, guide emotions of the public in a proper way, enhancing public confidence.

scholarly journals An Empirical Model to Estimate the Effect of Social Distance Levels on COVID-19 Outbreak

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Tabesh ◽  
Azadeh Saki ◽  
Rozita Saki
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Model ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Rule Model ◽  
And Control

Abstract The implementation of social distancing measures for controlling the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) in different countries has not been at the same level due to differences in policies, economies, and cultures. Hence, the effect of this pandemic on different aspects of societies varies depending on several factors.In this study, we found that the speed of disease transmission is directly related to the odds of being exposed to the disease in the society, that is directly related to the level of practicing social distancing measures. We introduced the weekly growth ratio (WGR) index and proposed an experimental rule model to monitor the current level of social distancing and predict the levels of intervention so as to reduce the WGR and control the sequential peaks. Our model showed that the minimum level of practicing social distancing in the community should be 80% to control the first peak of the disease; but after controlling the first peak, maintaining 50% of social distancing policies continuously keeps the number of cases/deaths constant and prevents the occurrence of a new peak.

scholarly journals Community People Preparedness and Response on Prevention and Control of COVID-19 Best Practice in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr.Bimal Chandra Das ◽  
Sahedul Islam Bhuiyan ◽  
A S M Wali Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Zahangir Alam ◽  
Gazi Golam Mostofa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Community People ◽  
And Control

Purpose: The major objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge, attitude & practice (KAP) towards community preparedness and response on prevention of COVID-19 among the community people. Method: A sample survey was conducted to collect data from people admitted to a district-level tertiary hospital for the treatment of various health complications during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 300 randomly selected patients and their attendants were interviewed in the hospital setting. Results: The mean knowledge score was 18.73 out of 24 and the main sources of information were TV (86.5%), radio (13%), newspaper (13%), social media (13.5%), friends/relatives (14%), formal healthcare providers (6%) and religious leaders (3%). Knowledge was significantly poor among aged people, women, less educated, and less earning. The majority of the participants (79%) suggested wearing facemasks as effective tools to prevent COVID-19 from spreading, whereas 56% mentioned maintaining physical or social distance as crucial to prevent the infection. We found strong relationship between monthly total family expenses and wearing of facemasks by gender to prevent the COVID-19 (x2= 18.405; Cramer’s V= .17, df = 8; sig; P= < .018). Similarly maintaining physical/social distance to prevent COVID-19 is also related to respondents’ economic strata (x2= 43.741; Cramer’s V= .14, df = 20; Sig; P= < .002). Conclusions: Awareness program on COVID-19 is very important to prevent the spread of the deadly virus.  Effective communication intervention with increasing treatment facilities is essential for the prevention and control of COVID-19. Government and development agencies should prioritize the COVID-19 response program with regular health care services.   

scholarly journals An Empirical Model to Estimate the Effect of Social Distance Levels on COVID-19 Outbreak

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Tabesh ◽  
Azadeh Saki ◽  
Rozita Saki
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Model ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Rule Model ◽  
And Control

Abstract The implementation of social distancing measures for controlling the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) in different countries has not been at the same level due to differences in policies, economies, and cultures. Hence, the effect of this pandemic on different aspects of societies varies depending on several factors.In this study, we found that the speed of disease transmission is directly related to the odds of being exposed to the disease in the society, that is directly related to the level of practicing social distancing measures. We introduced the weekly growth ratio (WGR) index and proposed an experimental rule model to monitor the current level of social distancing and predict the levels of intervention so as to reduce the WGR and control the sequential peaks. Our model showed that the minimum level of practicing social distancing in the community should be 80% to control the first peak of the disease; but after controlling the first peak, maintaining 50% of social distancing policies continuously keeps the number of cases/deaths constant and prevents the occurrence of a new peak.

scholarly journals Maintaining Social Distancing during the COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Goniewicz ◽  
Amir Khorram-Manesh
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Behavioral Differences ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
And Control ◽  
Research Show

The analyses of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and an increasing amount of scientific research show that the spread of SARS-CoV-2 may be limited by maintaining social distancing, appropriate hand hygiene, and following the basic principles of prophylaxis. While simulating models applied to social distancing have all been tested and evaluated, the implementation of its guidelines in different traditions and cultures has not been discussed sufficiently. Consequently, applying social distancing guidelines alone may not be enough to contain the spread of the coronavirus. This brief report aims to clarify the role of cultural and behavioral differences in the diverse outcomes of COVID-19 management.

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