scholarly journals Internationalisation models and trajectories of gold jewellery in Johannesburg: a conjectural discursive approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-25
Author(s):  
Virimai Mugobo ◽  
Muzi Jeremia Manzi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Currency ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Gold Jewellery ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Internationalisation Strategies ◽  
Market Consolidation

The gold jewellery industry is a lucrative sector. It operates within global consumer international networks. The underpinning models of internationalisation of gold jewellery from a theoretical standpoint, are key in comprehending export competitiveness potential. This means that for any company and country to achieve success, they ought to have competitive dominance in the export market, driven by a particular model. This study established that the main trends that characterise gold jewellery exports are underpinned by an aggressive internalisation thrust, which should be supported by market consolidation; market growth; a new channel landscape to push through the products; market consumption trends, absorption capacity, and global fast-fashion demand of gold jewellery. It emerged in this study, that the gold jewellery sector in Johannesburg has many dynamics that affect the ability of gold jewellery exporters to be competitive on the international market. There is a need to implement internationalisation strategies that include the creation of market linkages, standardisation and adaptation of products and services to the changing global market environment. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the internationalisation models, adopted by jewellery exporters in Johannesburg. The study used both theoretical and empirical data, obtained from the sector. The key finding from the study is that gold jewellery remains one of the most important export commodities in growing economies, such as South Africa. Exports bring the much-needed foreign currency, yet the sector in Johannesburg has very few corporates and individually owned businesses that are connected to the international markets to optimally exploit the opportunities in this sector. Using the mixed review methodology and empirical field data, the study offers propositions to enhance export competitiveness for companies, operating in developing countries. 

scholarly journals The EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS OF INDONESIAN SPICES TO EUROPEAN UNION-15

Agric ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-162
Author(s):  
Fadhlan Zuhdi ◽  
Lola Rahmadona ◽  
Achmad S Maulana
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
The European Union ◽  
A Value ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Trade War

The spice commodity has long been a mainstay of Indonesian exports to the world. Therefore, export of spice commodities needs to be maintained and increased in value in order to balance Indonesia’s trade balance. The potential of the European Union 15 as a large export market for Indonesian spices, so the export of spice commodities must be increased. The current worsening situation (the Sino-United States trade war) has increased the urgency of Indonesia’s exports to other countries. Specifically, this study aims to see the comparative development of Indonesian spice exports to the European Union 15. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and Trade Balance Index (TBI) are used to determine the position of export competitiveness of spices in the European Union 15. The results showed that the RCA value for nutmeg, pepper and cloves > 1 so that the commodity is a competitive spice commodity and is in the maturity stage because it has a TBI> 0.8. Ginger has no competitiveness and is still in the export growth stage. Based on the RSCA, the variations in the competitiveness of the spices of nutmeg, pepper, and cloves during the period 2008 - 2018 have a value of> 0 which means that it has comparative competitiveness, while for ginger the value is <0 so that ginger does not have comparative competitiveness. Efforts that can be taken to further increase export competitiveness in the global market are by developing production and productivity so that they can export to other potential markets such as the Americas and Asia.

scholarly journals Export Competitiveness of Bangladesh Readymade Garments Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Md. Sajib Hossian ◽  
Rashedul Kabir ◽  
Enamul Hafiz Latifee
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Geographical Dispersion ◽  
Geographical Diversification

The paper evaluates the competitiveness of Bangladesh Readymade Garments (RMG) sector in the global RMG market through Market share analysis using two-digit classifications of Harmonized System (HS)data for the period covering 2012 to 2016 to understand the actual condition of sector’s export comparison with its competitors. While Trade Entropy index has also been calculated to make an attempt to understand the geographical dispersion of export market scenario using two-digit classifications of HS data for the time period between 2006 and 2016. The findings of the paper based on market share analysis illustrate that Bangladesh’s RMG export share in the global market reached 7.50percentin 2016, a shot up by 2.73 percentage points, indicating an increase in export competitiveness, whereas China’s share declined to 33.75 percentin 2016, with an exception to 2013. During this period, Vietnam and India’s market share increased by 2.24, and 0.72 percentage points respectively, making them the 3rd and 6th largest RMG exporter in the world. Trade Entropyindex calculationindicates that the geographical diversification of Bangladesh’s RMG export has increased considering the value of the index, it has increased more than two times during this time period. But, in spite of increasing geographical diversification of the RMG sector market, itsexport is still heavily concentrated on two markets: the European UnionEU (28), and the United States of America (USA). The paper also provides a set of policyrecommendations that wouldbe helpful to both RMG sector stakeholders and policymakers to move forward the sector towards more export competitiveness.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN UKIR KAYU PADA INDUSTRI FURNITURE DI JEPARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddy Supriyatna ◽  
Agustinus Purna Irawan ◽  
Maitri Widya Mutiara
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Furniture Design ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Process Of Change ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Wood Carving ◽  
Design Characteristics

Industri furniture di Jepara sedang mengalami proses perubahan dalam mengatisipasi pasar ekspor. Desain-desain fuirniture yang diproduksi cenderung mengikuti keinginan dan kebutuhan pasar global yang nyaris tidak menampilkan ukiran kayu dalam desain furniturenya. Padahal, ukir kayu Jepara merupakan keunggulan Jepara yang telah berkembangn secara turun-temurun, beratus tahun lamanya. Tampaknya potensi ukir kayu tersebut tidak diberdayakan sebagai alat daya saing ekspor. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan pengembangan desain furniture ukir kayu yang disesuaikan dengan tuntutan keinginan dan kebutuhan konsumennya di pasar ekspor. Di dalam konteks penelitian ini, pengembangan desain dilakukan setelah melakukan identifikasi pasar ekspor di pasar global dan mengidentifikasi potensi produksi yang dimiliki oleh kalangan industri Jepara. Identifikasi pasar menghasilkan karakteristik desain furniture yang sesuai dengan tuntutan ekspor, adapun identifikasi potensi produksi sebagai pertimbangan di dalam pengembangan desain. Luaran yang dicapai adalah desain furniture ukir kayu, prototype furniture knockdown dan beragam jenis desain ukiran, baik diproses manual maupun masinal. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan multidisiplin bidang desain, teknologi, dan manajemen pemasaran. ABSTRACTThe furniture industry in Jepara is undergoing a process of change in anticipating the export market. Furniture designs produced tend to follow the desires and needs of the global market which barely displays wood carvings in their furniture designs. In fact, Jepara wood carving is an advantage of Jepara which has been developed for generations, hundreds of years. It seems that the potential for carving wood is not empowered as a means of export competitiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to develop wooden carved furniture designs that are tailored to the demands and desires of consumers in the export market. In the context of this research, design development is carried out after identifying the export market in the global market and identifying the production potential of the Jepara industry. Market identification produces furniture design characteristics that are in line with export demands, while the identification of production potential as a consideration in design development. The achieved output is wood carved furniture design, prototype knockdown furniture and various types of carving designs, both processed manually and masinal. This qualitative research uses a multidisciplinary approach in the fields of design, technology, and marketing management. 

scholarly journals Rijeka as a socialist port: Insights from Jugolinija's early years, 1947-1960

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-208
Author(s):  
Brigitte Le Normand
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Socialism ◽  
Privileged Access ◽  
Shipping Line ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

To understand the distinctiveness of ports under state socialism, it is necessary to shift the focus from the built environment to flows of people, goods, knowledge and capital. In so doing, this article examines the operation of Yugoslavia's main shipping line, Jugolinija, from its inception in 1947 until 1960. This enterprise was based in the port of Rijeka, with both firm and port experiencing rapid growth during this period. The impact of state socialism can be seen in the primacy of the political over the profitability of the firm, with Jugolinija used to advance Yugoslavia's foreign trade and foreign policy, its interests being subordinated to the project of building self-managed socialism. It can also be seen in the unique challenges posed by having to operate at the intersection of the global market and a highly regulated economy – a situation that also created opportunities for the firm as a whole, as well as for its employees, who had access to foreign currency, travel and knowledge of the world. Jugolinija's privileged access to the world in what was still very much a closed society also created opportunities for ‘leaks’ of personnel and goods. Finally, socialist ideology left its imprint on Jugolinija's operations and shaped the ways in which its employees understood their work and the place of the firm within the Yugoslav economy. While it is tempting to see state socialism as ‘getting in the way’ of Jugolinija's business, in actuality the firm was remarkably successful both at operating within the Yugoslav socialist state framework, and capitalizing on the opportunities provided by access to the global market. Jugolinija's employees, in turn, profited from the mobility that came with working for the firm, sometimes at the expense of the enterprise and the state.

scholarly journals International Open Innovation Strategies of Firms in European Peripheral Regions

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
João M. Lopes ◽  
Sofia Gomes ◽  
José Oliveira ◽  
Márcio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Strategic Processes ◽  
Internationalization Strategies ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Peripheral Regions

The involvement of companies in different open innovation activities, through knowledge outputs and inputs, has become increasingly important for the success of companies. However, the existing literature on open innovation is scarce concerning the internationalization process of companies. The internationalization of companies is fundamental in the continuous search to increase the performance of companies externally. The objective of the present research is to explain the strategic processes in the internationalization of companies located in peripheral regions at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of dynamic capabilities. The sample used for this research is composed of seven Portuguese companies. The methodology of qualitative nature is exploratory and uses a case study approach. Regarding the foremost modes of operation in international markets and strategies, we find that (1) companies have partnerships with local distributors or appoint exclusive importers/distributors, and (2) companies prefer to place their products in the market through their brand, “co-branded” projects with retailers, or “private label” projects. Of the seven companies under study, six use a standardization strategy, and one opts for a configuration-coordination strategy. Our findings clarified the literature on export and internationalization strategies in a peripheral country, allowing a closer incept of the organizational and dynamic capabilities and an overview of the supporting tools these companies have to compete in the global market. Our study is original because few articles study the internationalization strategies of companies at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic and in peripheral regions of Europe.

scholarly journals Considerations Of E-Commerce Within A Globalizing Context

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Gatica Barrientos ◽  
Emma Rosa Cruz Sosa ◽  
Patricia E. Garcia Castro
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Business To Consumer ◽  
Comprehensive Manner ◽  
Business To Business

The objective of this work, is to analyze the meaning of electronic commerce in our days taking into account the information technologies; it also will analyze their adjustments, their trends and applications of the same, in the Business to Consumer Relations (B2C), Business to Employee (B2E) and Business to Administration (B2A), Consumer to Consumer (C2C), Citizen to Government (C2G), Business to Government (B2G) and, Business to Business (B2B), as well as how information systems have been very useful to reduce costs, getting technology to change from being an operating support tool to become a strategy one, to increase the sales volume and the profits of the business as a result of this. The trend being taken by businesses and consumers has increased the participation of the companies which apply it in a comprehensive manner, since they reach international markets, while also face another kind of competition that takes place in a global market. We conclude that electronic commerce will remain a tool of great importance to efficiently manage the chains of supply between businesses and consumers through the Internet which allows an integration to reduce costs of ordering, distribution, administration and delivery of input materials.

scholarly journals Analisis Penerapan Standar Deviasi Dalam Penentuan Persediaan Pengaman Pada Ud Mirama Kota Gorontalo.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Sasmita R. Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Safety Stock ◽  
Trading Company ◽  
Service Production ◽  
Supply Problem ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Local Companies ◽  
Deviation Method

Currently all companies are looking for opportunities in the openness of international markets or global markets. Companies that can enter this global market are companies that have comparative and competitive advantages. It is necessary to make an important decision concerning the level or quantity of production for the manufacturing company, the determination of the amount or stock of merchandise for the trading company as well as the level of service production for the service company. One important aspect that needs proper management is the supply problem. One of the local companies that became the focus or object of research in this writing is UD. Mirama located in Gorontalo Province, especially the city of Gorontalo which sells AC electronic goods and TV. just like any other trading company the company is also having trouble determining the amount of merchandise inventory. Because often companies have difficulty in the amount of safety stock that must be prepared at the time of booking so that companies can anticipate the number of fluctuating demand. With this problem it is necessary to apply a method used as corporate guidance to overcome the problem of inventory. The method that will try to use is standard deviation method in determining the amount of safety stock. This method is applied to see how the most optimal security inventory, which is the most economical, in the sense that not too much which means waste or additional costs that are not necessary or not too little which means there is still danger of running out of inventory. By using model of qualitative and quantitative analysis, the result of research analysis from the research object is the application of standard deviation method can be determined how much the safety stock will be held by the company and can cover the occurrence of stock out when demand increase or fluctuation in demand.

Local Buzz, Global Pipelines and Hallyu: The Case of the Film and TV Industry in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Hyun Berg
Keyword(s):  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Public Support ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Korean Wave ◽  
Local Buzz ◽  
Korean Film

While the local buzz and global pipeline approach has provided a useful platform for understanding knowledge creation and diffusion in the creative industries, little attention has been paid to the complex dynamics of knowledge flows through time and space. This article examines how the dynamics of local buzz and global pipelines supported Hallyu (translated into English as the ‘Korean Wave’, which refers to the increased popularity of South Korean cultural goods outside of Korea) by analysing the Korean film and TV industry. It is argued that changes in extra-local knowledge linkages offer opportunities for the expansion of the industry, both in domestic and international markets. The main findings indicate that not only did the dynamics of local buzz and global pipelines reconfigure Hallyu but also public support policies, private sector’s exertion and increased demand in the global market promoted Hallyu.

STRATEGIES OF EMERGING COUNTRIES TO EXPAND THE OPERATIONS TO THE GLOBAL MARKET OF BIOPHARMACEUTICALS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (06) ◽  
pp. 07-18
Author(s):  
Ria Christine Siagian ◽  
◽  
Novilia Bachtiar ◽  
Prastuti Soewondo ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Government Involvement ◽  
Political Economic

The past decade has seen an increasing number in production of newly-developed biopharmaceuticals, biosimilars and biobetters that can help contribute to improved global health. Global market growth in this industry was reported to increase and approach more than US$200 billion. As the industry matures, the growth is significantly higher in emerging markets than in developed countries. This shows a shift of biopharmaceuticals production outside of developed countries, thereby sending signals to emerg-ing countries the opportunity to become global leaders in new industries. This literature review seeks to identify the commercial levers in biopharmaceutical development in emerging countries. The study found that biopharmaceuticals industry was promising for emerging countries to compete in global mar-ket if it were supported by strong government involvement. This involvement revealed key strategies to improve poor pipeline productivity shaped by political, economic, technological and market fact.

Market Power Politics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E. Gent ◽  
Mark J.C. Crescenzi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Market Power ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
Territorial Aggression ◽  
Oil Export ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
Political Leverage

This book explores how market power competition between states can create disruptions in the global political economy and potentially lead to territorial aggression and war. When a state’s firms have the ability to set prices in a key commodity market like oil or natural gas, state leaders can benefit from increased revenue, stability, and political leverage. Given these potential benefits, states may be motivated to expand their territorial reach in order to gain or maintain such market power. This market power motivation can sometimes lead to war. However, when states are economically interdependent, they may be constrained from using force to achieve their market power goals. This can open up an opportunity for institutional settlements. However, in some cases, institutional rules and procedures can preclude states from reaching a settlement in line with their market power ambitions. When this happens, states may opt for strategic delay and try to gradually accumulate market power over time through salami tactics. To explore how these dynamics play out empirically, the authors examine three cases of market power competition in hard commodity markets: Iraq’s invasion and occupation of Kuwait to seize market power in the oil export market, Russia’s territorial encroachment into Georgia and Ukraine to preserve and expand its market power in the natural gas market, and China’s ongoing use of strategic delay and gray zone tactics in the South and East China Seas to maintain its dominant position in the global market for rare earth elements.

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