scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MUSIC, SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT AND COGNITIVE PATTERN AMONG SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (04) ◽  
pp. 484-487
Author(s):  
Martha Okeke ◽  
◽  
Edna E. Ogara ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Junior Secondary School ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Junior Secondary ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cognitive Pattern ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Urban Rural

The current study aimed to determine the association between music (interest/no interest) and socio-cultural environment (urban/rural location) and field-dependent/independent cognitive style. A total of 200 junior secondary school children drawn from rural and urban communities in Enugu State participated in the study. The Latent test developed by Withkin et al. (1976) and a self-develop scale measuring music interest were used for data collection. An independent t-test was conducted on the data, and the result showed no significant difference between music and field-dependent/independent cognitive style. However, a statistically significant difference was found between the socio-cultural environment and field-dependent/independent cognitive style. Discussion and conclusion are discussed.

scholarly journals When Telestroke Programs Work, Hospital Size Really Does Not Matter

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 403-406
Author(s):  
Krishna Nalleballe ◽  
Nidhi Kapoor ◽  
Aliza Brown ◽  
Rohan Sharma ◽  
Sen Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Call Center ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hospital Size ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mock Codes

Abstract Background There are still marked disparities in stroke care between rural and urban communities including difference in stroke-related mortality. We analyzed the efficiency of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) delivery in the spoke sites in our telestroke network to assess impact of telecare in bridging these disparities. Methods We analyzed critical time targets in our telestroke network. These included door-to-needle (DTN) time, door-to-CT (D2CT) time, door-to-call center, door-to-neurocall, and total consult time. We compared these time targets between the larger and smaller spoke hospitals. Results Across all the 52 spokes sites, a total of 825 stroke consults received intravenous tPA. When compared with larger hospitals (>200 beds), the smaller hospital groups with 0 to 25 and 51 to 100 beds had significantly lower D2CT time (p-value 0.01 and 0.005, respectively) and the ones with 26 to 50 and 151 to 200 beds had significantly lower consult time (p-value 0.009 and 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the overall DTN time when all the smaller hospital groups were compared with larger hospitals. Conclusion In our telestroke network, DTN times were not significantly affected by the hospital bed size. This shows that a protocol-driven telestroke network with frequent mock codes can ensure timely administration of tPA even in rural communities regardless of the hospital size and availability of local neurologists.

scholarly journals Using a Computerised Graphics Package to Achieve a Technology-Oriented Classroom

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-444
Author(s):  
Francisca Aladejana ◽  
Lanre Idowu
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
School Students ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Junior Secondary School ◽  
Board Test ◽  
Junior Secondary ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Paper Form

The present situation in Nigeria involves students of fine arts, a practical-oriented subject, being exposed to poor methods of teaching with consequent poor performances. This study examined the extent to which the use of a computerised graphics package could make the classroom technology-oriented and affect the performance of learners. This is predicated on the theoretical frameworks of constructivism and Gagne's learning theory. The research design is the pretest-posttest control group design. The research instruments are the Graphic Design Achievement Test designed from the Revised Minnesota Paper Form Board Test and CorelDraw 10. They were administered to 60 junior secondary school students selected using stratified random sampling. The results show a significant difference in the performance of students exposed to the computerised graphics package as those exposed to the computerised graphics package performed significantly better in graphics than those exposed to the conventional teaching methods.

scholarly journals Comparison of Urban-Rural Readmission Rates After Colorectal Cancer Surgery: Findings From a Privately Insured Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482110271
Author(s):  
Mesnad Alyabsi ◽  
Mary Charlton ◽  
Jane Meza ◽  
K. M. Monirul Islam ◽  
Amr Soliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Readmission Rate ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Surgery ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
Privately Insured

Objectives: We assessed the 30-day readmission rate of a privately insured population diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) who had primary tumor resection in rural and urban communities. Methods: Claims data of people aged <65 with a diagnosis of CRC between 2012 and 2016 and enrolled in a private health plan administered by BlueCross BlueShield of Nebraska were analyzed. Readmission was defined as the number of discharged patients who were readmitted within 30 days, divided by all discharged patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the factors associated with readmission. Results: The urban population had a higher readmission rate (11%) than the rural population (8%). Although the adjusted odds ratio showed that there is no difference in readmission between rural and urban residents, patients with a Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) of >1 were more likely than those without CCI to be readmitted (OR 3.59, 1.41-9.11). Patients with open vs. laparoscopic surgery (OR 2.80, 1.39-5.63) and those with an obstructed or perforated colon vs. none (OR 7.17, 3.75-13.72) were more likely to be readmitted. Conclusions: Readmission after CRC surgery occurs frequently. Interventions that target the identified risk factors should reduce readmission rates in this privately insured population.

scholarly journals The Impact of Indonesia’s School Operational Assistance Program on The Transition Rate from Primary to Junior Secondary School

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Байю Харизма ◽  
Сутястие Соэмитро Реми ◽  
Динда Аю Махарани
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Transition Rate ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Junior Secondary School ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Junior Secondary ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of Indonesia’s School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) on the transition rate from primary to junior secondary school using data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) and the Difference-in-Differences method. The results showed that the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) significantly increases the transition rate from Primary to Junior Secondary School. Meanwhile, the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) is more effective in increasing the transition rate in girls compared to boys. When comparing rural and urban settings, the program is more effective in rural than urban areas. Despite results showing that the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) has successfully increased the transition rate from primary to junior secondary school, the program still has several problems, such as inadequate management of the funds and the lack of quality control related to its usage. The three models tested in the study conclude that the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) significantly improved the overall transition rate from primary to junior secondary school in Indonesia, particularly for girls and rural areas. Acknowledgments. This research is supported by DRPMI Universitas Padjadjaran (UNPAD) for Lecture Competency Research (RKDU) scheme. We thank our colleagues from the Department of Economics, who provided insight and expertise that greatly assisted the research and we thank “anonymous” reviewers for their so-called insights.

scholarly journals Home Variables as Predictor of Students’ Achievements in Social Studies in Junior Secondary Schools in Osun State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Babatunde Adeniyi Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
School Students ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Junior Secondary Schools ◽  
Junior Secondary School ◽  
Junior Secondary ◽  
Significant Difference

<p>The study investigated the relationship between home variables and students’ achievement in Social Studies. This is with a view of enhancing students’ better performance in Social Studies. The study employed the survey research design. The population consisted of the Junior Secondary School Students in Osun State. Stratified sampling technique was employed in selecting 500 students in five purposively selected local governments in Osun State. Two instruments titled “Home Variables Questionnaire” (HVQ) and “Social Studies Achievement Test” (SSAT) were constructed by the researcher to elicit information from the subjects. The two instruments yielded 0.71 and 0.84 respectively using Cronbach alpha. Seven out of the nine variables were found to be significant predictors of students’ achievement in Social Studies; (Sex β = 1.98; t = 4.93; p&lt;0.05, age β=-1.16, t=-3.42; p&lt;0.05, ethnic group β=0.51; t=-6.95; p&lt;0.05, religion β=-2.86, t=-6.95; &lt;0.05 parent living pattern β=-2.66; t=-2.92 p&lt;0.05, number of fathers’ wives β=5.25; t=4.21; p&lt;0.05, mother’s position among wives β=-3.39; t=-4.718; p&lt;0.05) whereas the two other variables were not predictors of students’ achievement (mother’s no of children β=0.19; t=1.78; p&gt;0.05, and position in the family β=0.01, t=0.010, p&gt;0.05). Also, there was significant difference in male and female students’ achievement in Social Studies (t=9.991, p &lt;0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between home facilities and students’ achievement in Social Students (r=0.180; p&lt;0.05) whereas there was no significant relationship between birth order and students’ achievement (r=0.050, p&gt;0.05). The study recommended among others that government should provide schools with adequate infrastructures and facilities that will enhance effective learning environment.</p>

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SCHOOL LOCATION ON THE ADOPTED COGNITIVE STYLE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN KOGI STATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 964-969
Author(s):  
Sunday Aboritoli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Location ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Figure Test

Primary education is globally recognized as the foundation laying stage of education.Over the past few decades, researchers have devoted interest to the differences in reasoning, problem-solving, and perception that underlie cognitive style. Numerous researchers have also attributed the differences in cognitive style to various social, cultural, psychological, and demographic factors. However, the purpose of the present study is to examine school location as an environmental factor that could predict childrens cognitive styles. Sixty-four primary school students drawn from primary schools in rural and urban communities in the Kogi state participated in the study. The Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT) was used for data collection. The result of the study revealed that the school location significantly predicted field independent/dependent cognitive style. Thus, the study concluded that the school environment is a positive determinant of adopted cognitive style.

scholarly journals PROFIL PEMAHAMAN KONSEP TEOREMA PYTHAGORAS SISWA BERDASARKAN PERBEDAAN GAYA KOGNITIF FIELD INDEPENDENT DAN FIELD

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-192
Author(s):  
Nurafni Nurafni ◽  
Asih Miatun ◽  
Hikmatul Khusna
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Pythagorean Theorem ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Junior Secondary School ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Junior Secondary ◽  
Pythagoras Theorem ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Mathematics

This research is a descriptive qualitative approach which aims to describe profile of understanding of pythagoras theorem concept of students based on the difference of field independent and dependent cognitive style. The subjects of this study are 9th grade students of junior secondary school. Subject determination is done using GEFT instrument and mathematics teacher’s consultation, then continued by giving concept comprehension test on Pythagorean theorem material and interview. Checking the validity of data is done by time’s triangulation. The results showed that student: 1) states the meaning of Pythagoras's theorem given in his own language by noting Pythagorean theorem’s definition; 2) when using the concepts of Pythagoras theorem, students use triangle images as representations to facilitate an interpretation of given sides position. Then the students find the unknown values and use Pythagoras theorem to solve the problem; 3) using the necessary condition or sufficient condition of a concept to determine the area of a triangle using Pythagorean theorem by finding a side. While, the results for field independent cognitive style are student: 1) expresses the meaning of Pythagoras theorem by using their own language and mentioning the symbols; 2) using the concepts of Pythagorean theorem to solve the problem given by using multiplication operations to determine one of unknown sides. Then, student use pythagoras theorem to find the answer of the given problem; 3) using the necessary conditions or sufficient terms a concept of Pythagoras theorem by stating that it must be known two sides or not.

scholarly journals Measuring the Rural and Urban Attitudes towards Wetlands Using the New Ecological Paradigm: Setiu Wetlands, Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Suziana Hassan ◽  
Søren Bøye Olsen ◽  
Syamsul Herman Mohammad Afandi ◽  
Bo Jellesmark Thorsen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Wetland Conservation ◽  
New Ecological Paradigm ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Ecological Paradigm ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Rural Dwellers ◽  
Wetlands Conservation

This study addresses the attitudes of the urban and rural dwellers towards Setiu Wetlands conservation. The New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) scale is adopted to measure the degree of environmental concern. A series of factor analysis and regression is applied to analyze the urban-rural attitudes and three factors structure of attitudes to wetland conservation is suggested. The urban-rural residential variable is able to predict in part the overall NEP scores and element of anti-anthropocentrism, where the urban communities are more positive towards wetland conservation. Therefore, outreach efforts are suggested in the rural population.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Setiu Wetlands conservation; urban-rural attitudes, New Ecological Paradigm

scholarly journals The Influence of Learners’ Cognitive Style and Testing Environment Supported by Virtual Reality on English-Speaking Learning Achievement

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11751
Author(s):  
Jia-Ye Cai ◽  
Ruo-Fan Wang ◽  
Cui-Yu Wang ◽  
Xin-Dong Ye ◽  
Xiao-Zhi Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Learning Effect ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
The Real ◽  
Testing Environment ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
English Speaking

Although VR technology can provide an ideal learning and application environment for learners’ language skill acquisition, the learning performance of different types of learners in virtual environments and differences in their knowledge transfer ability from the virtual to the real environment still need further discussion. Therefore, we developed a VR English speaking training and testing system to understand the influence of cognitive style and test environment on the learners’ learning effect. The results indicated that: (1) the learning effect of the field-independent learners was lower than that of the field-dependent learners in the real testing environment, but significantly higher than that of the field-dependent learners in the virtual testing environment. Meanwhile, there was a more significant difference in the real and virtual learning effect between the field-dependent and field-independent learners; (2) there was a significant interaction between cognitive style and test environment in the learners’ learning effect. Besides, cognitive style and test environment had an influence on the spoken English learning effect based on VR. The field-independent learners were more likely to transfer what they had learned in the virtual environment to the real application.

scholarly journals Głosy nieważne w elekcjach samorządowych

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Ptak
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Civic Consciousness ◽  
City Councils ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Election Fraud ◽  
Electoral Law

Invalid votes in local government elections in Poland, in particular at the regional level, are among the most pressing problems of the electoral process. The number of invalid votes is so large that it serves political conflict in which accusations of election fraud are formulated. These are scarcely justified, though, since over 70% of invalid votes in local parliament elections lack an “x” next to the name of any candidate (rather than the addition of another “x” on the ballot). The analysis of this issue indicates that the reason for such a high percentage of invalid votes can be found in some elements of the electoral system. Large constituencies, sometimes of up to a dozen districts, mean political parties marginalize the smallest units (i.e. rural and urban-rural communities) when drawing up electoral lists and running election campaigns. The candidates on electoral lists for local parliaments very rarely come from rural regions, which does not stimulate the interest of their citizens in elections at this level. Consequently, it is the rural and urban-rural communities that have the largest proportion of invalid votes, accounting for 17.13% and 14.50% respectively. The number of invalid votes in the units which submit the largest number of candidates, that is in urban communities, amounts to 7.19% (such a low percentage results from the fact that no elections are run for county councils in towns with county status as city councils operate at this level of authority). These elements of the electoral system are not the only reasons for the phenomenon of invalid votes. It is also encouraged by Poles’ low civic consciousness and their ignorance of fundamental democratic mechanisms, including the principles of electoral law.

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