scholarly journals Who should provide Breastfeeding Education to improve success: A midwife or a physician?

2016 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Yılmaz ◽  
Zehra Vural Yılmaz ◽  
Mehmet Fatih Karslı ◽  
Meryem Ceyhan ◽  
Doğa Öcal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Full Term ◽  
The Other ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Breastfeeding Education

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The purpose of this study was to explore whether there was any difference in the breastfeeding success of mothers prior to hospital discharge who were given breastfeeding education by a physician (obstetrician-gynecologist) and a midwife with respect to the person giving the training. <br /><strong>Study Desıgn:</strong> The study was conducted between May- June 2015 on 200 mothers who gave their first full-term birth at the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of a tertiary hospital. The mothers were divided into two groups and each mother was explained the benefits of breastfeeding and given breastfeeding education when they became stabile in their beds after birth. One hundred of the mothers were trained by a midwife who received lactation consultancy training and the other hundred mothers by an obstetrician who also had the same training. After the education, each mother was observed while breastfeeding her baby by an investigator who also received lactation consultancy training, other than the ones who gave the training and the LATCH breastfeeding assessment tool was filled out. After calculating the LATCH score of each mother, the two groups were compared for their success in breastfeeding during discharge from the hospital with respect to the person giving the training. <br /><strong>Results:</strong> There were no differences between the two mother groups in terms of demographic characteristics (age, education, occupation etc.) and newborn characteristics (weight, gender) (p&gt;0.05). The total LACTH score was found higher in the group that was trained by a midwife than in the group that was trained by a physician (p&lt;0.05). An assessment of the LATCH sub-scores showed that the “holding the baby” score was similar in both groups (p=0.502), but the other subgroup scores were higher again in the group that was trained by a midwife (p&lt;0.05). <br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The mothers who were trained in lactation by midwives were observed to be more successful in breastfeeding their babies than the mothers who were trained by a physician. Our opinion in this respect is that obstetricians should integrate trained midwives in breastfeeding education and in this way try to correct their deficiencies in this area.</p>

scholarly journals The effect of breastfeeding education with grandmothers’ attendance on breastfeeding self-efficacy and infant feeding pattern in Iranian primiparous women: a quasi-experimental pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayebeh Gharaei ◽  
Leila Amiri-Farahani ◽  
Shima Haghani ◽  
Syedeh Batool Hasanpoor-Azghady
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feeding Patterns ◽  
Breastfeeding Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Primiparous Women

Abstract Background One of the most important factors that affects breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusivity is breastfeeding support provided by the family. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of breastfeeding education sessions for primiparous women, with and without the attendance of maternal grandmothers, on breastfeeding self-efficacy and infant feeding patterns. Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 64 primiparous women who referred to the Antenatal Clinic of Amiralmomenin Hospital, Tehran, Iran from June to December, 2018. Eligible pregnant women were allocated into two groups; either with and without grandmothers in attendance. Group assignments were determined according to the week the women had prenatal care at the hospital. All eligible women seen in the clinic during 1 week were assigned to one group and women who presented in the alternating week were assigned to the other group. In the education group with grandmothers in attendance, each woman participated in two prenatal education programs with her mother and one postpartum program approximately 3 h before discharge. In the other group, participating mothers attended breastfeeding education sessions without the grandmother’s attendance. The participating mothers answered questions from the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) at the time of the hospital discharge, and 4 and 8 weeks after delivery. Questions about the infants’ feeding patterns were asked by telephone contact with the participating mothers from both groups at the same time periods. Results The mean BFSE scores were signficantly different between the groups with grandmothers and without grandmothers at the time of the hospital discharge (60.15 ± 4.47 vs. 56.84 ± 6.22, independent t-test; p = 0.017), and at 4 weeks (61.71 ± 2.66 vs. 56.62 ± 9.12, p = 0.004) and 8 weeks after delivery (63.68 ± 2.14 vs. 60.03 ± 6.32, p = 0.003). No significant difference existed in infant feeding patterns between the groups at the same time periods. Conclusions This study suggests that breastfeeding education with grandmothers’ attendance is effective in improving the mothers’ breastfeeding self-efficacy. A family-centered program should be considered in beastfeeding education for increasing of exclusive breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Prematurity Stereotyping: Absence of Evidence (DRAFT 1.DEC2015)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Ansarinia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Ultimatum Game ◽  
Full Term ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Statistical Interaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Absence Of Evidence

Forty-seven participants attended an experiment to rate two infants according to their perceived behavior. Half of participants rated in a setting where one infant identified with prematurely born (PL) and the other with full-term birth (FTL). The rest rated with the same configuration, except those labels were swapped for the infants. Results showed not significant difference between PL and FTL for perceived strength, alertness, and physical size. But participants rated FTL infants more positively for motor coordination. Moreover, statistical interaction between two infants when they are presented simultaneously was found and further studies seem necessary to investigate interactions more. A new experimental design to study attitudes via ultimatum game is proposed. In general, previous findings of prematurity stereotyping is replicated partially, but it does not count as an evidence for the rejection of the prematurity stereotyping hypotheses.

scholarly journals Hospital postdischarge intervention trialled with family caregivers of older people in Western Australia: potential translation into practice

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e022747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar M Aoun ◽  
Roswitha Stegmann ◽  
Susan Slatyer ◽  
Keith D Hill ◽  
Richard Parsons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Discharge Planning ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Caregiver Support

There is lack of a suitable assessment tool that can be used routinely and systematically by hospital staff to address family caregivers’ (FCs’) support needs. This paper describes a novel approach to identifying and addressing FCs’ needs following hospital discharge of the older person receiving care.Setting and participantsFC recruitment occurred on the patient’s discharge from a tertiary hospital in Western Australia; 64 completed the study; 80% were female; mean age 63.2 years.InterventionThe Further Enabling Care at Home (FECH) programme was delivered over the telephone by a specially trained nurse and included: support to facilitate understanding of the patient’s discharge letter; caregiver support needs assessment and prioritisation of urgent needs; and collaborative guidance, from the nurse, regarding accessing supports.ResultsSixty-four FCs completed the FECH programme. The top three support needs identified by the FCs were: knowing what to expect in the future (52%), knowing who to contact if they were concerned (52%) and practical help in the home (36%). The telephone-based outreach service worked well and was convenient for the nurse and the FCs, and saved on transport, time and money. Most of the FCs appreciated the systematic approach to identify and articulate their needs and were satisfied with the support they received, mainly navigation through the systems, problem solving, self-care strategies, explanation of illness, symptoms and medication and access to after-hours services.ConclusionsIn order to guide services which may consider adopting this systematic approach to supporting FCs and integrating it into their routine practice, this evaluation of the FECH programme has described the processes implemented and highlighted the factors that hindered or facilitated these processes to engage caregivers with appropriate services in a timely manner. Positive feedback indicated that the programme was a useful addition to hospital discharge planning.Trial registration numberACTRN12614001174673; Results.

Interleukin-6 and Malondialdehyde in Women with Preterm Birth

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Vinita Verma ◽  
Hina Oza ◽  
Riddhi Thaker ◽  
Sunil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation

Background: Preterm Birth (PTB) is one of the main causes of neonatal death and infant mortality and morbidity. The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a major proinflammatory mediator of the host response to infection and malondialdehyde (MDA) is a marker of oxidative stress. Objective : To evaluate potential associations between IL-6 and MDA levels in women with preterm birth. Method: A total of 150 women (66 with full-term and 84 with PTB) were enrolled in this case-control study. Predesigned performas were filled through questionnaire interviews to collect data on personal, demographic, occupational, lifestyle and reproductive history. Blood samples were collected within 36 hours of delivery. Serum concentrations of IL-6 and MDA were determined in mothers with full-term and preterm birth. Results: The mean age was marginally higher; whereas BMI was slightly lower in cases (PTB) as compared to controls (full-term) subjects. Serum IL-6 and MDA levels were significantly higher in subjects with PTB than full-term birth. The data were further analyzed with respect to underweight, normal and overweight/obese BMI. In all the BMI categories, the levels of IL-6 and MDA were higher in PTB cases. Among the PTB categories, the levels of IL-6 and MDA were highest in moderate to late preterm birth. A significant positive correlation was found between IL-6 and MDA levels. There was a weak negative correlation between either IL-6 or MDA and the number of gestational weeks. Conclusion : Elevated maternal serum levels of Interleukin-6 and Malondialdehyde in preterm as compared to full-term birth might suggest that inflammation and oxidative stress play a critical role in PTB.

scholarly journals Risk of pre-term births and major birth defects resulting from paternal intake of COVID-19 medications prior to conception

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Rizzi ◽  
Maarten J. Wensink ◽  
Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen ◽  
Lu Tian ◽  
Ying Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Term Births

Abstract Objective With the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, large numbers of people will receive one of the several medications proposed to treat COVID-19, including patients of reproductive age. Given that some medications have shown adverse effects on sperm quality, there might be a transgenerational concern. We aim at examining the association between drugs proposed to treat COVID-19 when taken by the father around conception and any pre-term birth or major birth defects in offspring in a nation-wide cohort study using Danish registry data. Offspring whose father filled at least one prescription of the following medications in the 3 months preceding conception were considered exposed: chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, losartan, azithromycin, naproxen, dexamethasone and prednisone. Results For azithromycin and naproxen, large numbers of offspring were exposed (> 1800 offspring), and we found no association with adverse birth outcomes. For chloroquine, losartan and dexamethasone, exposure was intermediate (~ 900 offspring), and there was no statistically significant association with birth defects. For hydroxychloroquine and prednisone, exposure was limited (< 300 offspring). Our evidence suggests that azithromycin and naproxen are safe with respect to pre-term birth and birth defects. For the other drugs investigated larger exposures are needed for conclusive statements.

Perceptions of Breastfeeding in Mothers of Babies Born Preterm in Comparison to Mothers of Full-Term Babies

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 884-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Helena Pereira Padovani ◽  
Geraldo Duarte ◽  
Francisco Eulógio Martinez ◽  
Maria Beatriz Martins Linhares
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Clinical Symptom ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Breastfeeding Rate

The purpose of the present study was: a) to describe the theme of verbalizations about breastfeeding in mothers' pre-term (M-PT) and full-term (M-FT) infants; b) to examine the association between these themes and mother's anxiety and depression indicators and socio-demographic characteristics and, neonatal characteristics of the infants. The sample consisted of 50 M-PT and 25 M-FT. The mothers were assessed through State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory and were interviewed using a Guide focusing breastfeeding issues. The M-PT group had significantly more mothers with clinical symptom of anxiety than the M-FT group. The M-PT reported more uncertainties and worries about breastfeeding and figured out more obstacles for the successful breastfeeding than the M-FT. These reports were associated positively with the infants' risk neonatal status; lower birth-weight, higher neonatal clinical risk, and more length time stay in NICU were associated with more mothers' worries and seeing obstacles for breastfeeding. In conclusion, the strategies to enhance the breastfeeding rate in the preterm population have to take into account the mothers' psychological status and their ideas in addition to offering information about the advantages of breastfeeding for child development.

Forgiveness-related motives: A structural and cross-cultural approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Ballester ◽  
Fatima Chatri ◽  
Maria Teresa Muñoz Sastre ◽  
Sheila Rivière ◽  
Etienne Mullet
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Principle ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Meaningful Relationship ◽  
Self Protection

The structure of the motives invoked by people for forgiveness and for unforgiveness was assessed, and the relationships between these motives and demographic characteristics, conceptualizations of forgiveness, forgivingness, personality and culture were examined. Forgiveness appeared to be fueled mainly by three largely independent kinds of motives: having recovered sympathy for a repentant offender, applying a moral principle and preserving a meaningful relationship. Forgiveness may sometimes, however, amount to exploiting the offense for dominating or for challenging the offender as well as others. Unforgiveness appeared to be fueled mainly by persistent anger and indignation, sometimes associated with the desire for self-affirmation and self-protection, and, for a few participants, it was the only response to outgroup members. For each kind of invoked motive a meaningful pattern of relationships with the other measurements, including culture, was found.

scholarly journals Application and Evaluation of the China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets for the SWAT Model (CMADS) in Poorly Gauged Regions in Western China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianyong Meng ◽  
Xuesong Zhang ◽  
Mingxiang Yang ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Ji Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western China ◽  
Surface Processes ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Heihe River ◽  
Observation Data

The temporal and spatial differentiation of the underlying surface in East Asia is complex. Due to a lack of meteorological observation data, human cognition and understanding of the surface processes (runoff, snowmelt, soil moisture, water production, etc.) in the area have been greatly limited. With the Heihe River Basin, a poorly gauged region in the cold region of Western China, selected as the study area, three meteorological datasets are evaluated for their suitability to drive the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT): China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets for the SWAT model (CMADS), Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), and Traditional Weather Station (TWS). Resultingly, (1) the runoff output of CMADS + SWAT mode is generally better than that of the other two modes (CFSR + SWAT and TWS + SWAT) and the monthly and daily Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency ranges of the CMADS + SWAT mode are 0.75–0.95 and 0.58–0.77, respectively; (2) the CMADS + SWAT and TWS + SWAT results were fairly similar to the actual data (especially for precipitation and evaporation), with the results produced by CMADS + SWAT lower than those produced by TWS + SWAT; (3) the CMADS + SWAT mode has a greater ability to reproduce water balance than the other two modes. Overestimation of CFSR precipitation results in greater error impact on the uncertainty output of the model, whereas the performances of CMADS and TWS are more similar. This study addresses the gap in the study of surface processes by CMADS users in Western China and provides an important scientific basis for analyzing poorly gauged regions in East Asia.

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